Osburn 2000 User manual

READ AND KEEP THIS MANUAL FOR REFERENCE
45640A
Printed in Canada 21-10-2014
INSTALLATION AND OPERATION MANUAL
OSBURN
2000
(OB02005 Model)
Dist ibuted by
Glen Dimplex Aust alasia
NEW ZEALAND
38 Ha is Road, East Tamaki, Auckland
Ph: 09 274 8265 Fax [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
www.glendimplex.com.au
AUSTRALIA
Unit 1, 21 Lionel Road
Mount Wave ley, Victo ia 3149
Ph: 1 300 554 155 Fax [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
www.glendimplex.com.au
This manual is available for free download on the manufacturer’s web site. It is a copyrighted
document. Re-sale is strictly prohibited. The manufacturer may update this manual from time to
time and cannot be responsible for problems, injuries, or damages arising out of the use of
information contained in any manual obtained from unauthorized sources.

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THANK YOU FOR CHOOSING THIS WOOD FIRE
We want t c ngratulate y u n y ur purchase and wish t help y u get maximum satisfacti n
fr m y ur w d fire. In the pages that f ll w, we will give y u advice n w d heating and
c ntr lled c mbusti n as well as technical specificati ns regarding installati n, perati n and
maintenance f the m del y u have ch sen.
The instructi ns pertaining t the installati n f y ur w d fire c mply with
AS/NZS 4012/4013 (1999) and AS/NZS 2918:2001 standards.
Please ead this enti e manual befo e you install and use you new wood fi e. Failu e to follow
inst uctions may esult in p ope ty damage, bodily inju y, o even death. It is impo tant that you
follow the installations guidelines exactly.
Consult you local city, bo ough o shi e council about est ictions and installations
equi ements in you a ea and the need to obtain a pe mit.
KEEP THIS INSTRUCTION MANUAL FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.

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Table of content
PART A - OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE ............................................ 6
1 Safety Info mation ............................................................................ 6
1.1 Summary f Operati n and Maintenance Cauti ns and Warnings ...................................... 6
2 Gene al Info mation .......................................................................... 7
2.1 OSBURN 2000 Specificati ns ................................................................................................. 7
2.2 Z ne Heating and H w t Make it W rk f r Y u ................................................................ 10
2.3 The Benefits f L w Emissi ns and High Efficiency ............................................................. 10
2.4 Osburn’s C mmitment t Y u and the Envir nment .......................................................... 11
2.4.1 What is Y ur New W d fire Made Of? .......................................................................... 11
3 Fuel ................................................................................................. 12
3.1 Materials That Sh uld N t be Burned ................................................................................. 12
3.2 H w t Prepare r Buy G d Firew d .............................................................................. 12
3.2.1 What is G d Firew d? ................................................................................................. 12
3.2.2 Tree Species ..................................................................................................................... 12
3.2.3 L g Length ........................................................................................................................ 12
3.2.4 Piece Size .......................................................................................................................... 13
3.2.5 H w t Dry Firew d ....................................................................................................... 14
3.2.6 Judging Firew d M isture C ntent ............................................................................... 15
3.3 Manufactured L gs .............................................................................................................. 15
4 Ope ating You Wood fi e ............................................................... 16
4.1 The use f a fire screen........................................................................................................ 16
4.2 Y ur First Fires ..................................................................................................................... 16
4.3 Lighting Fires ........................................................................................................................ 17
4.3.1 C nventi nal Fire Starting ............................................................................................... 17
4.3.2 The T p D wn Fire ........................................................................................................... 17
4.3.3 Tw Parallel L gs .............................................................................................................. 18
4.3.4 Using Fire Starters ............................................................................................................ 18
4.4 Maintaining W d Fires ...................................................................................................... 18
4.4.1 General Advice ................................................................................................................. 18
4.4.2 Ash Rem val ..................................................................................................................... 19
4.4.3 Raking Charc al ................................................................................................................ 19
4.4.4 Firing Each New L ad H t ................................................................................................ 20
4.4.5 Turning D wn the Air Supply ........................................................................................... 20
4.4.6 Building Different Fires f r Different Needs .................................................................... 21

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5 Maintaining You Wood Heating System .......................................... 23
5.1 W d fire Maintenance....................................................................................................... 23
5.1.1 Cleaning D r Glass ......................................................................................................... 23
5.1.2 D r Adjustment .............................................................................................................. 24
5.1.3 Replacing the D r Gasket ............................................................................................... 24
5.1.4 Replacing the Glass Gasket and/ r the Glass .................................................................. 25
5.1.5 Cleaning and Painting the W d fire ............................................................................... 26
5.2 Flue and Flue System Maintenance ..................................................................................... 26
5.2.1 Why Flue System Cleaning is Necessary .......................................................................... 26
5.2.2 H w Often Sh uld Y u Clean the Flue System? .............................................................. 26
5.2.3 Cleaning the Flue System ................................................................................................. 27
PART B – INSTALLATION ...................................................................... 28
6 Safety Info mation .......................................................................... 28
6.1 Summary f Installati n Cauti ns and Warnings ................................................................ 28
6.2 Regulati ns C vering W d fire Installati n ....................................................................... 29
7 Clea ances to Heat-Sensitive Mate ials ............................................ 30
7.1 L cati n f the Certificati n Label ...................................................................................... 30
7.2 Clearances t Walls and Ceiling ........................................................................................... 30
7.3 Fl r Pr tect r..................................................................................................................... 31
7.4 Reducing Wall and Ceiling Clearances Safely ...................................................................... 32
8 The Flue System .............................................................................. 34
8.1 General ................................................................................................................................ 34
8.2 Suitable Flue Systems .......................................................................................................... 34
8.2.1 Fact ry built Insulated Flue Kits ....................................................................................... 34
8.2.2 Mas nry Flue Systems ..................................................................................................... 35
8.3 Minimum Flue System Height ............................................................................................. 35
8.4 The Relati nship Between the Flue System and the H use................................................ 36
8.4.1 Why Inside Flue Systems are Preferred ........................................................................... 36
8.4.2 Why the Flue System Sh uld Penetrate the Highest Heated Space ................................ 37
8.5 Installing the flue C nnect r ............................................................................................... 38

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Appendix 1: Installing the Optional Legs o Pedestal ........................... 40
Appendix 2: Installing the Optional Doo Ove lay ................................ 44
Appendix 3: Installing the Optional Deco ative Panels ......................... 45
Appendix 4: Installing the Optional F esh Ai Intake Kit
(AC01316/AC01336) ........................................................ 46
Appendix 5: Installing the Optional Fi e Sc een (AC01315) ................... 48
Appendix 6: Installation and Use of the Optional Ai Ci culation Fan and
The modisc ..................................................................... 49
Appendix 7: Installation of Seconda y Ai Tubes and Baffle ................. 53
Appendix 8: Exploded Diag am and Pa ts List ...................................... 55
REGISTER YOU WARRANTY ONLINE
T receive full warranty c verage, y u will need t sh w evidence f
the date y u purchased y ur w d fire. Keep y ur sales inv ice. We
als rec mmend that y u register y ur warranty nline at
http://osbu n-aust alia.com/wa anty- egist ation.aspx
Registering y ur warranty nline will help us track rapidly the
inf rmati n we need n y ur w d fire.

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PART A - OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
Please see Part B f r installati n instructi ns.
1SAFETY INFORMATION
1.1 SUMMARY OF OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE CAUTIONS AND WARNINGS
•HOT WHILE IN OPERATION, KEEP CHILDREN, CLOTHING AND FURNITURE AWAY. CONTACT
MAY CAUSE SKIN BURNS. GLOVES MAY BE NEEDED FOR WOOD FIRE OPERATION.
•USING A WOOD FIRE WITH CRACKED OR BROKEN COMPONENTS, SUCH AS GLASS OR
FIREBRICKS OR BAFFLES MAY PRODUCE AN UNSAFE CONDITION AND MAY DAMAGE THE
WOOD FIRE.
•OPEN THE AIR CONTROL FULLY BEFORE OPENING FIRING DOOR.
•THIS WOOD FIRE HAS BEEN TESTED FOR USE WITH AN OPEN DOOR IN CONJUNCTION WITH A
FIRE SCREEN (AC01318, SOLD SEPARATELY). THE DOOR MAY BE OPEN OR FIRE SCREEN
REMOVED ONLY DURING LIGHTING PROCEDURES OR RELOADING. ALWAYS CLOSE THE DOOR
OR PUT BACK THE FIRE SCREEN AFTER IGNITION. DO NOT LEAVE THE WOOD FIRE
UNATTENDED WHEN THE DOOR IS OPENED WITH OR WITHOUT FIRE SCREEN.
•NEVER USE GASOLINE, GASOLINE-TYPE LANTERN FUEL (NAPHTHA), FUEL OIL, MOTOR OIL,
KEROSENE, CHARCOAL LIGHTER FLUID, OR SIMILAR LIQUIDS OR AEROSOLS TO START OR
‘FRESHEN UP’ A FIRE IN THIS WOOD FIRE. KEEP ALL SUCH LIQUIDS OR AEROSOLS WELL AWAY
FROM THE WOOD FIRE WHILE IT IS IN USE.
•DO NOT CONNECT TO ANY AIR DISTRIBUTION DUCT OR SYSTEM.
•DO NOT STORE FUEL WITHIN HEATER MINIMUM INSTALLATION CLEARANCES.
•BURN ONLY SEASONED NATURAL FIREWOOD.
•THE USE OF SOME TYPES OF PRESERVATIVE-TREATED WOOD AS A FUEL CAN BE HAZARDOUS.
•DO NOT BURN:
oGARBAGE OF ANY KIND,
oCOAL OR CHARCOAL,
oTREATED, PAINTED OR COATED WOOD,
oPLYWOOD OR PARTICLE BOARD,
oFINE PAPER, COLORED PAPER OR CARDBOARD,
oSALT WATER DRIFTWOOD, OR
oRAILROAD TIES.
•DO NOT ELEVATE THE FIRE BY USING A GRATE IN THIS WOOD FIRE.
•THIS APPLIANCE SHOULD BE MAINTAINED AND OPERATED AT ALL TIMES IN ACCORDANCE
WITH THESE INSTRUCTIONS.

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2 GENERAL INFORMATION
2.1 OSBURN 2000 SPECIFICATIONS
C mbustible: W d
Heating capacity* 195 m
2
Maximum average heat utput – hardw d (Australia): 11.1 kW
Average efficiency – hardw d (Australia): 68 %
Average emissi ns – hardw d (Australia): 1.9 g/kg
Appr ximate Burn Time* 6 t 8 h urs
C l r : Metallic black
Flue Spig t Diameter : 150 mm
Flue system : Ac rn special insulated Flue Kit r
Universal Flue Kit
Minimum Flue Height (fr m fl r pr tect r): 4.6 meters
Maximum L g Length : 508 mm sideways**
L g l ading : Sideways
Fireb x V lume : 0,059 m
3
Weight: 181 kg
Baffle Material C-cast
Burn time and heating capacity may vary subject to location in home, flue system draft, flue
system diameter, locality, heat loss factors, climate, fuels and other variables.
Sideways: through the door you see the sides of the logs.

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2.2 ZONE HEATING AND HOW TO MAKE IT WORK FOR YOU
Y ur new Osburn 2000 w d fire is a space heater, which means it is intended t heat the area it is
installed in, as well as spaces that c nnect t that area, alth ugh t a l wer temperature. This is
called z ne heating and it is an increasingly p pular way t heat h mes r spaces within h mes.
Z ne heating can be used t supplement an ther heating system by heating a particular space
within a h me, such as a basement family r m r an additi n that lacks an ther heat s urce.
H uses f m derate size and relatively new c nstructi n can be heated with a pr perly sized and
l cated w d fire. Wh le h use z ne heating w rks best when the w d fire is l cated in the part
f the h use where the family spends m st f its time. This is n rmally the main living area where
the kitchen, dining and living r ms are l cated. By l cating the w d fire in this area, y u will get
the maximum benefit f the heat it pr duces and will achieve the highest p ssible heating
efficiency and c mf rt. The space where y u spend m st f y ur time will be warmest, while
bedr ms and basement (if there is ne) will stay c ler. In this way, y u will burn less w d than
with ther f rms f heating.
Alth ugh the w d fire may be able t heat the main living areas f y ur h use t an adequate
temperature, we str ngly rec mmend that y u als have a c nventi nal il, gas r electric heating
system t pr vide backup heating.
Y ur success with z ne heating will depend n several fact rs, including the c rrect sizing and
l cati n f the w d fire, the size, lay ut and age f y ur h me and y ur climate z ne. Three-
seas n vacati n h mes can usually be heated with smaller w d fires than h uses that are heated
all winter.
2.3 THE BENEFITS OF LOW EMISSIONS AND HIGH EFFICIENCY
The l w sm ke emissi ns pr duced by the special features inside the Osburn 2000 fireb x mean
that y ur h useh ld will release up t 90 percent less sm ke int the utside envir nment than if
y u used an lder c nventi nal w d fire. But there is m re t the emissi n c ntr l techn l gies
than pr tecting the envir nment.
The sm ke released fr m w d when it is heated c ntains ab ut half f the energy c ntent f the
fuel. By burning the w d c mpletely, y ur w d fire releases all the heat energy fr m the w d
instead f wasting it as sm ke up the flue system. Als , the features inside the fireb x all w y u t
reduce the air supply t c ntr l heat utput, while maintaining clean and efficient flaming
c mbusti n, which b sts the efficient delivery f heat t y ur h me.
The emissi n c ntr l and advanced c mbusti n features f y ur w d fire can nly w rk pr perly
if y ur fuel is in the c rrect m isture c ntent range f 15 t 20 percent. See Section 3 f this
manual f r suggesti ns n preparing fuelw d and judging its m isture.

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2.4 OSBURN’S COMMITMENT TO YOU AND THE ENVIRONMENT
The Osburn team is c mmitted t pr tecting the envir nment, s we d everything we can t use
nly materials in ur pr ducts that will have n lasting negative impact n the envir nment.
2.4.1 WHAT IS YOUR NEW WOOD FIRE MADE OF?
The b dy f y ur w d fire, which is m st f its weight, is carb n steel. Sh uld it ever bec me
necessary many years in the future, alm st the entire w d fire can be recycled int new
pr ducts, thus eliminating the need t mine new materials.
The paint c ating n y ur w d fire is very thin. Its VOC c ntent (V latile Organic C mp nents) is
very l w. VOCs can be resp nsible f r sm g, s all the paint used during the manufacturing
pr cess meets the latest air quality requirements with regards t VOC reducti n r eliminati n.
The air tubes are stainless steel, which can als be recycled.
The C-Cast baffle is made f an alumin silicate fibre material that is c mpressed with a binder t
f rm a rigid b ard. C-Cast can withstand temperatures ab ve 1093 °c. It is n t c nsidered
hazard us waste. Disp sal at a landfill is rec mmended.
Firebrick is mainly c mp sed f silic n di xide, als kn wn as silica, an earth derived pr duct. It is
m st c mm nly f und in nature in the f rm f sand and clay. Disp sal at a landfill is
rec mmended.
The d r and glass gaskets are fibreglass which is spun fr m melted sand. Black gaskets have been
dipped int a s lvent-free s luti n. Disp sal at a landfill is rec mmended.
The d r glass is a 5 mm thick ceramic material that c ntains n t xic chemicals. It is basically
made f raw earth materials such as sand and quartz that are c mbined in such a way t f rm a
glass at high temperatures. Ceramic glass will n t re-melt in the same way as n rmal glass, s it
sh uld n t be recycled with y ur regular h useh ld pr ducts. Disp sal at a landfill is
rec mmended.

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3FUEL
3.1 MATERIALS THAT SHOULD NOT BE BURNED
•GARBAGE OF ANY KIND,
•COAL OR CHARCOAL,
•TREATED, PAINTED OR COATED WOOD,
•PLYWOOD OR PARTICLE BOARD,
•FINE PAPER, COLORED PAPER OR CARDBOARD,
•SALT WATER DRIFTWOOD
•MANUFACTURED LOGS CONTAINING WAX OR CHEMICAL ADDITIVES
•RAILROAD TIES
•LIQUIDS SUCH AS KEROSCENE OR DIESEL FUEL TO START A FIRE
3.2 HOW TO PREPARE OR BUY GOOD FIREWOOD
3.2.1 WHAT IS GOOD FIREWOOD?
G d firew d has been cut t the c rrect length f r the w d fire, split t a range f sizes and
stacked in the pen until its m isture c ntent is reduced t 15 t 20 per cent.
3.2.2 TREE SPECIES
The tree species the firew d is pr duced fr m is less imp rtant than its m isture c ntent. The
main difference in firew d fr m vari us tree species is the density f the w d. Hardw ds such
as gums, Manuka r ir nbark are denser than s ftw ds. Hard w d will pr duce l ng-lasting c al
beds c mbined t m re heat and l nger burn cycles.
Old, leaky cast ir n w d fires w uldn’t h ld a fire vernight unless they were fed large pieces f
hardw d. That is n l nger true. Y u can successfully heat y ur h me by using less w d and
give the f rest a break at the same time.
3.2.3 LOG LENGTH
L gs sh uld be cut ab ut 25 mm (1”) sh rter than the fireb x s they fit in easily. Pieces that are
slightly t l ng make l ading the w d fire very difficult. The m st c mm n standard length f
firew d is 400 mm (16”).

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The pieces sh uld be a c nsistent length, with a maximum f 25 mm (1”) variati n fr m piece t
piece.
3.2.4 PIECE SIZE
Firew d dries m re quickly when it is split. Large unsplit r unds can take years t dry en ugh t
burn. Even when dried, unsplit l gs are difficult t ignite because they d n’t have the sharp edges
where the flames first catch. L gs as small as 75 mm (3”) sh uld be split t enc urage drying.
W d sh uld be split t a range f sizes, fr m ab ut 75 mm t 150 mm (3” t 6”) in cr ss secti n.
Having a range f sizes makes starting and rekindling fires much easier. Often, the firew d
purchased fr m c mmercial suppliers is n t split finely en ugh f r c nvenient st king. It is
s metimes advisable t resplit the w d bef re stacking t dry.

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3.2.5 HOW TO DRY FIREWOOD
Firew d that is n t dry en ugh t burn is the cause f m st c mplaints ab ut w d fires. The
c mplaints usually inv lve a lack f heat and dirty d r glass.
Here are s me things t c nsider in estimating drying time:
•firew d takes a l ng time t dry
•firew d b ught fr m a dealer is rarely dry en ugh t burn, s it is advisable t buy the w d
in spring and dry it y urself
•drying happens faster in dry weather than in damp, maritime climates
•drying happens faster in warm summer weather than in winter weather
•small pieces dry m re quickly than large pieces
•split pieces dry m re quickly than unsplit r unds
•s ftw ds take less time t dry than hardw ds
•hardw ds like gums, Manuka and ir nbark can take ne, r even tw years t dry fully,
especially if the pieces are big
•firew d dries m re quickly when stacked in the pen where it is exp sed t sun and wind; it
takes much l nger t dry when stacked in a w d shed
•firew d that is ready t burn has a m isture c ntent between15 and 20% by weight and will
all w y ur w d fire t pr duce its highest p ssible efficiency

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3.2.6 JUDGING FIREWOOD MOISTURE CONTENT
Y u can find ut if s me firew d is dry en ugh t burn by using these guidelines:
•cracks f rm at the ends f l gs as they dry
•as it dries in the sun, the w d turns fr m white r cream c l ured t grey r yell w,
•bang tw pieces f w d t gether; seas ned w d s unds h ll w and wet w d s unds dull,
•dry w d is much lighter in weight than wet w d,
•split a piece, and if the fresh face feels warm and dry it is dry en ugh t burn; if it feels damp, it
is t wet,
•burn a piece; wet w d hisses and sizzles in the fire and dry w d d es n t.
Y u c uld buy a w d m isture meter t test y ur
firew d.
3.3 MANUFACTURED LOGS
D n t burn manufactured l gs made f wax impregnated sawdust r l gs with any chemical
additives. Manufactured l gs made f 100% c mpressed sawdust can be burned, but use cauti n
in the number f these l gs burned at ne time. Start with ne manufactured l g and see h w the
w d fire reacts. Y u can increase the number f l gs burned at a time t making sure the
temperature never rises higher than 246 °C (475 °F) n a magnetic therm meter f r installati n n
w d fire flue. The therm meter sh uld be placed ab ut 450 mm (18”) ab ve the w d fire.
Higher temperatures can lead t verheat and damage y ur w d fire.

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4OPERATING YOUR WOOD FIRE
•NEVER OVERFIRE YOUR WOOD FIRE. IF ANY PART OF THE WOOD FIRE STARTS TO GLOW
RED, OVER FIRING IS HAPPENING. READJUST THE AIR INTAKE CONTROL AT A LOWER
SETTING.
•NEVER LOAD YOUR WOOD FIRE UP TO THE BAFFLE. ALWAYS LEAVE 5 TO 10 CENTIMETERS
TO ALLOW PROPER COMBUSTION THROUGH SECONDARY AIR OPENINGS (NEVER PUT WOOD
ABOVE THE FIREBRICK LINING ON THE FIREBOX). THIS WILL ALSO PREVENT OVERFIRING OF
YOUR WOOD FIRE.
•SHOULD THERE BE A SOOT OR CREOSOTE FIRE IN YOUR FLUE SYSTEM, CLOSE THE AIR
CONTROL COMPLETELY. IMMEDIATELY CALL THE FIRE DEPARTMENT.
4.1 THE USE OF A FIRE SCREEN.
This w d fire has been tested f r use with an pen d r in c njuncti n with a fire screen
(AC01315, s ld separately). Make sure the fire screen is pr perly secured n the w d fire t av id
any risk f fire. When the fire screen is used, it is imp rtant n t t leave the w d fire unattended
t resp nd pr mptly in the event f sm ke spillage int the r m. P tential causes f sm ke
spillage are described in secti n height f this manual. See Appendix 5: Installing the Fire Screen
(AC01315) f r installati n instructi ns.
4.2 YOUR FIRST FIRES
Tw things will happen as y u burn y ur first few fires; the paint cures and the internal
c mp nents f the w d fire are c nditi ned.
As the paint cures, s me f the chemicals vap rize. The vap rs are n t p is n us, but they d
smell bad. Fresh paint fumes can als cause false alarms in sm ke detect rs. S , when y u first
light y ur w d fire, be prepared by pening d rs and/ r wind ws t ventilate the h use. As y u
burn h tter and h tter fires, m re f the painted surfaces reach the curing temperature f the
paint. The smell f curing paint d es n t disappear until y u have burned ne r tw very h t
fires.
Burn ne r tw small fires t begin the curing and c nditi ning pr cess. Then build bigger and
h tter fires until there is n l nger any paint smell fr m the w d fire. Once the paint smell
disappears, y ur w d fire is ready f r seri us heating.

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4.3 LIGHTING FIRES
Each pers n wh heats with w d devel ps their wn fav rite way t light fires. Whatever
meth d y u ch se, y ur g al sh uld be t get a h t fire burning quickly. A fire that starts fast
pr duces less sm ke and dep sits less cre s te in the flue system. Here are three p pular and
effective ways t start w d fires.
4.3.1 CONVENTIONAL FIRE STARTING
The c nventi nal way t build a w d fire is t bunch
up 5 t 10 sheets f plain newspaper and place them
in the fireb x. Next, place 10 r s pieces f fine
kindling n the newspaper. This kindling sh uld be
very thin; less than 25 mm (1”). Next, place s me
larger kindling pieces n the fine kindling. Open the
air c ntr l fully and light the newspaper. If y u have
a tall, straight flue system y u sh uld be able t cl se
the d r immediately and the fire will ignite. If y ur
flue has elb ws r an utside flue system, y u may
need t leave the d r cl sed but unlatched f r a few
minutes as the newspaper ignites and heat in the flue
system pr duces s me draft. Once the fire has
ignited, cl se the d r and leave the air c ntr l fully
pen.
A conventional kindling fire with paper
under finely split wood.
DO NOT LEAVE THE WOOD FIRE UNATTENDED WHEN THE DOOR IS SLIGHTLY OPENED DURING
IGNITION. ALWAYS CLOSE THE DOOR AFTER IGNITION.
After the kindling fire has m stly burned, y u can add standard firew d pieces until y u have a
fire f the right size f r the c nditi ns.
4.3.2 THE TOP DOWN FIRE
The t p d wn fire starting meth d s lves tw pr blems with the c nventi nal meth d: first, it
d es n t c llapse and sm ther itself as it burns; and sec nd, it is n t necessary t build up the fire
gradually because the fireb x is l aded bef re the fire is lit. A t p d wn fire can pr vide up t tw
h urs f heating r m re. The t p d wn meth d nly w rks pr perly if the w d is well-seas ned.
Start by placing three r f ur full-sized split pieces f dry firew d in the fireb x. Next, place 4 r 5
m re finely split pieces f firew d (50 mm t 75 mm [2” t 3”] in dia.) n the base l gs at right
angles (l g cabin style). N w place ab ut 10 pieces f finely split kindling n the sec nd layer at
right angles.
The fire is t pped with ab ut 5 sheets f newspaper. Y u can just bunch them up and stuff them in
between the kindling and the underside f the baffle. Or y u can make newspaper kn ts by r lling
up single sheets c rner t c rner and tying a kn t in them. The advantage f kn ts is that they
d n’t r ll ff the fire as they burn. Light the newspaper and watch as the fire burns fr m t p t
b tt m.

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4.3.3 TWO PARALLEL LOGS
Place tw spit l gs in the fireb x. Place a few sheets f twisted newspaper between the l gs. N w
place s me fine kindling acr ss the tw l gs and s me larger kindling acr ss th se, l g cabin style.
Light the newspaper.
4.3.4 USING FIRE STARTERS
Many pe ple like t use c mmercial fire starters instead f newspaper. S me f these starters are
made f sawdust and wax and thers are specialized flammable s lid chemicals. F ll w the
package directi ns f r use.
Gel starter may be used but nly if there are n h t embers present. Use nly in a c ld fireb x t
start a fire.
DO NOT USE FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS SUCH AS GASOLINE, NAPHTHA, FUEL OIL, MOTOR OIL, OR
AEROSOLS TO START OR REKINDLE THE FIRE.
4.4 MAINTAINING WOOD FIRES
4.4.1 GENERAL ADVICE
W d heating with a space heater is very different than ther f rms f heating. There will be
variati ns in the temperature in different parts f the h use and there will be variati ns in
temperature thr ugh ut the day and night. This is n rmal, and f r experienced w d burners
these are advantages f z ne heating with w d.
D n t expect steady heat utput fr m y ur w d fire. It is n rmal f r its surface temperature t
rise after a new l ad f w d is ignited and f r its temperature t gradually decline as the fire
pr gresses. This rising and falling f temperature can be matched t y ur h useh ld r utines. F r
example, the area temperature can be c ler when y u are active, such as when d ing h usew rk
r c king, and it can be warmer when y u are inactive, such as when reading r watching
televisi n.
W d burns best in cycles. A cycle starts when a new l ad f w d is ignited by h t c als and ends
when that l ad has been c nsumed d wn t a bed f charc al ab ut the same size as it was when
the w d was l aded. D n t attempt t pr duce a steady heat utput by placing a single l g n
the fire at regular intervals. Always place at least three, and preferably m re, pieces n the fire at
a time s that the heat radiated fr m ne piece helps t ignite the pieces next t it. Each l ad f
w d sh uld pr vide several h urs f heating. The size f each l ad can be matched t the
am unt f heat needed.
When y u burn in cycles, y u rarely need t pen the w d fire’s l ading d r while the w d is
flaming. This is an advantage because there is m re chance that sm ke will leak fr m the w d
fire when the d r is pened as a full fire is burning. This is especially true if the flue c nnect r has
90 degree elb ws and if the flue system runs up the utside wall f the h use.
IF YOU MUST OPEN THE DOOR WHILE THE FUEL IS FLAMING, OPEN THE AIR CONTROL FULLY FOR
A FEW MINUTES, THEN UNLATCH AND OPEN THE DOOR SLOWLY.

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4.4.2 ASH REMOVAL
Ash sh uld be rem ved fr m the fireb x every tw r three days f full time heating. D n t let
the ash build up in the fireb x because it will interfere with pr per fire management.
The best time t rem ve ash is after an vernight fire when the w d fire is relatively c l, but
there is still s me flue system draft t draw the ash dust int the w d fire and prevent it fr m
c ming int the r m.
After ashes have been rem ved fr m the w d fire and placed in a tightly c vered metal
c ntainer, they sh uld be taken utside immediately. The cl sed c ntainer f ashes sh uld be
placed n a n n-c mbustible fl r r n the gr und well away fr m all c mbustible materials
pending final disp sal. Ashes n rmally c ntain s me live charc al that can stay h t f r several
days. If the ashes are disp sed f by burial in s il r therwise l cally dispersed, they sh uld be
retained in the cl sed c ntainer until all cinders have th r ughly c led. Other waste shall n t be
placed in this c ntainer.
NEVER STORE ASHES INDOORS OR IN A NON-METALIC CONTAINER OR ON A WOODEN DECK.
4.4.3 RAKING CHARCOAL
Rekindle the fire when y u n tice that the r m temperature has fallen. Y u will find m st f the
remaining charc al at the back f the fireb x, furthest fr m the d r. Rake these c als t wards
the d r bef re l ading. There are tw reas ns f r this raking f the c als. First, it c ncentrates
them near where m st f the c mbusti n air enters the fireb x and where they can ignite the new
l ad quickly, and sec nd, the charc al will n t be sm thered by the new l ad f w d. If y u were
t simply spread the charc al ut, the new l ad will sm ulder f r a l ng time bef re igniting.
Remove ash first, and then rake charcoal towards the front of the firebox before loading so that it
will ignite the new load.

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4.4.4 FIRING EACH NEW LOAD HOT
Place the new l ad f w d n and behind the charc al and n t t cl se t the glass. Cl se the
d r and pen the air c ntr l fully. Leave the air c ntr l fully pen until the fireb x is full f
flames, the w d has charred t black and its edges are gl wing red. Firing each l ad f w d h t
acc mplishes a few things:
•drives the surface m isture fr m the w d,
•creates a layer f char n the w d, which sl ws d wn its release f sm ke,
•heats the fireb x c mp nents s they reflect heat back t the fire, and
•heats the flue system s it can pr duce str ng, steady draft f r the rest f the cycle.
Alth ugh it is imp rtant t fire each new l ad h t t prepare f r a clean burn, d n t all w the fire
t burn at full intensity f r m re than a few minutes.
DO NOT LEAVE THE WOOD FIRE UNATTENDED WHILE A NEW LOAD IS BEING FIRED HOT.
When y u burn a new l ad f w d h t t heat up the w d, the w d fire and the flue system,
the result will be a surge f heat fr m the w d fire. This heat surge is welc me when the r m
temperature is a little l wer than desirable, but n t welc me if the space is already warm.
Theref re, all w each l ad f w d t burn d wn s that the space begins t c l ff a little
bef re l ading. Letting the space c l bef re l ading is ne f the secrets t clean burning and
effective z ne heating.
4.4.5 TURNING DOWN THE AIR SUPPLY
Once the firew d, fireb x and flue system are h t, y u can begin t reduce the air supply f r a
steady burn.
As y u reduce the air supply t the fire, tw imp rtant things happen. First, the firing rate sl ws
d wn t spread the heat energy in the fuel ver a l nger peri d f time. Sec nd, the fl w rate f
exhaust thr ugh the w d fire and flue sl ws d wn, which gives m re time f r the transfer f heat
fr m the exhaust. Y u will n tice that as y u reduce the air setting, the flames sl w d wn. This is
y ur indicati n that the w d fire is burning at its peak efficiency.
If the flames get small and alm st disappear when y u turn d wn the air, y u have turned d wn
the air t early, r y ur firew d is wetter than it sh uld be. With g d fuel and c rrect air
c ntr l use, the flames sh uld sl w d wn, but sh uld stay large and steady, even as the air supply
is reduced.