Fluke 9116A User manual

9116A Furnace
User's Guide
Rev. 842101
Hart Scientific

Limited Warranty & Limitation of Liability
Each product from Fluke Corporation, Hart Scientific Division ("Hart") is warranted to be free from de-
fects in material and workmanship under normal use and service. The warranty period is 1 year for the
Furnace. The warranty period begins on the date of the shipment. Parts, product repairs, and services are
warranted for 90 days. The warranty extends only to the original buyer or end-user customer of a Hart
authorized reseller, and does not apply to fuses, disposable batteries or to any other product, which in
Hart's opinion, has been misused, altered, neglected, or damaged by accident or abnormal conditions of
operation or handling. Hart warrants that software will operate substantially in accordance with its func-
tional specifications for 90 days and that it has been properly recorded on non-defective media. Hart does
not warrant that software will be error free or operate without interruption. Hart does not warrant calibra-
tions on the Furnace.
Hart authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused products to end-user customers
only but have no authority to extend a greater or different warranty on behalf of Hart. Warranty support is
available if product is purchased through a Hart authorized sales outlet or Buyer has paid the applicable
international price. Hart reserves the right to invoice Buyer for importation costs of repairs/replacement
parts when product purchased in one country is submitted for repair in another country.
Hart's warranty obligation is limited, at Hart's option, to refund of the purchase price, free of charge re-
pair, or replacement of a defective product which is returned to a Hart authorized service center within
the warranty period.
To obtain warranty service, contact your nearest Hart authorized service center or send the product, with
a description of the difficulty, postage, and insurance prepaid (FOB Destination), to the nearest Hart au-
thorized service center. Hart assumes no risk for damage in transit. Following warranty repair, the prod-
uct will be returned to Buyer, transportation prepaid (FOB Destination). If Hart determines that the
failure was caused by misuse, alteration, accident or abnormal condition or operation or handling, Hart
will provide an estimate or repair costs and obtain authorization before commencing the work. Following
repair, the product will be returned to the Buyer transportation prepaid and the Buyer will be billed for
the repair and return transportation charges (FOB Shipping Point).
THIS WARRANTY IS BUYER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL
OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IM-
PLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
HART SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL. OR CONSE-
QUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSSES, INCLUDING LOSS OF DATA, WHETHER ARISING FROM
BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, RELIANCE OR ANY OTHER
THEORY.
Since some countries or states do not allow limitation of the term of an implied warranty, or exclusion or
limitation of incidental or consequential damages, the limitations and exclusions of this warranty may not
apply to every buyer. If any provision of this Warranty is held invalid or unenforceable by a court of com-
petent jurisdiction, such holding will not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision.
Rev. 842101
Fluke Corporation, Hart Scientific Division
799 E. Utah Valley Drive • American Fork, UT 84003-9775 • USA
Phone: [phone] • Telefax: +1.801.763.1010
E-mail: [email protected]
www.hartscientific.com
Subject to change without notice. • Copyright © 2005 • Printed in USA

Table of Contents
1 Before You Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Symbols Used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.3 Safety Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3.1 WARNINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3.2 CAUTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4 Authorized Service Centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2 Specifications and Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.1 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2 Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.1 Unpacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.2 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.3 Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.4 Plumbing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.5 Heat Pipe Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4 Parts and Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.1 Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.1.1 Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.2 Furnace Core . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.3 Access Well . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.4 Back Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.1 Sodium Heat Pipe Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.1.1 Minimum Temperature and Heat-Up Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.1.2 Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
6 Controller Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
6.1 Well Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
6.2 Reset Cut-out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
6.3 Temperature Set-point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
6.3.1 Programmable Set-points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
i

6.3.2 Set-point Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
6.4 Scan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
6.4.1 Scan Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
6.4.2 Scan Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
6.5 Ramp and Soak Program Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
6.5.1 Number of Program Set-points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
6.5.2 Set-points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
6.5.3 Program Soak Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
6.5.4 Program Function Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.5.5 Program Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.6 Secondary Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
6.7 Heater Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
6.8 Proportional Band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
6.9 Cut-out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
6.10 Controller Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
6.11 Probe Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
6.11.1 R0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
6.11.2 ALPHA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
6.11.3 DELTA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
6.12 Operating Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
6.12.1 Temperature Scale Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
6.12.2 Cut-out Reset Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
6.12.3 Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
6.12.4 Soak Stability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
6.13 Serial Interface Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
6.13.1 Baud Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
6.13.2 Sample Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
6.13.3 Duplex Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
6.13.4 Linefeed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
6.14 IEEE-488 Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
6.14.1 IEEE-488 Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
6.14.2 Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
6.15 Calibration Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
6.15.1 CTO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
6.15.2 CO and CG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
6.15.3 SCO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
7 Digital Communication Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
7.1 Serial Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
7.1.1 Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
7.1.2 Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
7.1.2.1 Baud Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
7.1.2.2 Sample Period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
7.1.2.3 Duplex Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
7.1.2.4 Linefeed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
7.1.3 Serial Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
ii

7.2 IEEE-488 Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
7.2.1 Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
7.2.2 IEEE-488 Interface Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
7.3 Interface Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
8 Fixed Point Cell Installation Instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . 47
8.1 Installing the Metal Freeze Point Cell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
8.2 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
8.3 Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
9 Freeze Point Realization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
9.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
9.2 How to Realize the Freezing Point of Copper. . . . . . . . . . . . 69
10 Calibration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
10.1 Two Point Calibration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
10.1.1 Compute R0& ALPHA: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
10.1.2 Accuracy & Repeatability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
11 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
12 Troubleshooting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
12.1 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
iii

iv
Figures and Tables
Table 1 International Electrical Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Figure 1. Furnace Core Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Figure 2 HTPRT control probe and cutout thermocouple wire routing and heat pipe
ground wire placement.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Figure 3 Attachment of thermocouples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 4. Front Control Panel (cover door remove) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 5. Back Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Figure 6. Controller Flow Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Table 2. Program mode setting actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Figure 7. Proportional Band Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Figure 8. Serial Cable Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Table 3. Digital Interface Command Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Table 3. Digital Interface Command Summary continued . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Table 3. Digital Interface Command Summary continued . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Figure 9. Metal Freeze Point Cell installed in canister . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Figure 10 Cell supported by stand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Figure 11 Cotton gloves MUST be used. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Figure 12 Preparing paper towel with reagent grade alcohol. . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Figure 13 Clean cell completely. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Figure 14 Place insulation in re-entrant well. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Figure 15 Push insulation to bottom of re-entrant well. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Figure 16 Clean the basket thoroughly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Figure 17 Place insulation in cell basket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Figure 18 Insure the insulation is flat at the bottom of the cell basket. . . . . . . . 57
Figure 19 21.6 x 14 cm (5.5 x 8.5 in) paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Figure 20 Fiber ceramic paper installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Figure 21 Insert cell into basket. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Figure 22 Place fiber ceramic paper in cell basket. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Figure 23 Fiber ceramic insulation installed on top of cell.. . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Figure 24 Fiber ceramic paper pushed below cell basket top. . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Figure 25 Preparing basket assembly for installation in furnace. . . . . . . . . . . 63
Figure 26 Installing basket assembly in furnace. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Figure 27 Width of insulation placed on top of basket assembly.. . . . . . . . . . 65
Figure 28 Basket, insulation, and furnace lid installed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Figure 29 Heat radiation guard installed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Figure 30. Testing Uniformity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

1 Before You Start
1.1 Introduction
The Hart Scientific 9116A Furnace has a temperature range of 550°C to
1100°C and is designed for use in achieving aluminum, silver, or copper freez-
ing point measurements.
The furnace utilizes a sodium heat pipe to maintain a uniform temperature over
the length of the metal freeze point cell. The temperature controller is program-
mable, a feature that may be conveniently used to simplify the melting, freeze
initiation, and plateau control. The temperature control and uniformity of the
furnace allows the user to achieve plateaus ranging many hours in length.
NOTE: Many of the illustrations and examples used in this manual as-
sume the use of the copper point cell. Any of the three cells indicated may
be used with the appropriate set-points.
1.2 Symbols Used
Table 1 lists the International Electrical Symbols. Some or all of these symbols
may be used on the instrument or in this manual.
Symbol Description
AC (Alternating Current)
AC-DC
Battery
CE Complies with European Union Directives
DC
Double Insulated
Electric Shock
1
1 Before You Start
Introduction
Table 1 International Electrical Symbols

Symbol Description
Fuse
PE Ground
Hot Surface (Burn Hazard)
Read the User’s Manual (Important Information)
Off
On
Canadian Standards Association
OVERVOLTAGE (Installation) CATEGORY II, Pollution Degree 2 per IEC1010-1 re-
fers to the level of Impulse Withstand Voltage protection provided. Equipment of
OVERVOLTAGE CATEGORY II is energy-consuming equipment to be supplied from
the fixed installation. Examples include household, office, and laboratory appliances.
C-TIC Australian EMC Mark
The European Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive
(2002/96/EC) mark.
1.3 Safety Information
Use this instrument only as specified in this manual. Otherwise, the protection
provided by the instrument may be impaired.
The following definitions apply to the terms “Warning” and “Caution”.
•“WARNING” identifies conditions and actions that may pose hazards to
the user.
•“CAUTION” identifies conditions and actions that may damage the in-
strument being used.
1.3.1 WARNINGS
To avoid personal injury, follow these guidelines.
•DO NOT operate this unit without a properly grounded, properly polar-
ized power cord.
9116A Furnace
User’s Guide
2

•DO NOT connect this unit to a non-grounded, non-polarized outlet.
•DO USE a ground fault interrupt device.
•HIGH VOLTAGE is used in the operation of this equipment. SEVERE
INJURY OR DEATH may result if personnel fail to observe safety pre-
cautions. Before working inside the equipment, turn power off and dis-
connect power cord.
•If this equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer,
the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired.
•Before initial use, or after transport, or after storage in humid or semi-hu-
mid environments, or anytime the instrument has not been energized for
more than 10 days, the instrument needs to be energized for a "dry-out"
period of 2 hours before it can be assumed to meet all of the safety re-
quirements of the IEC 1010-1. If the product is wet or has been in a wet
environment, take necessary measures to remove moisture prior to apply-
ing power such as storage in a low humidity temperature chamber
operating at 50°C for 4 hours or more.
•This unit contains ceramic fiber or other refractories, which can result in
the following:
May be irritating to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract.
May be harmful if inhaled.
May contain or form cristobalite (crystalline silica) with use at high tem-
peratures (above 1600°F) which can cause severe respiratory disease.
Possible cancer hazard based on tests with laboratory animals. Animal
studies to date are inconclusive. No human exposure studies with this
product have been reported.
Service personnel coming into contact with these materials should take
proper precautions when handling them. Before maintaining this equip-
ment, read the applicable MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheets).
•HIGH TEMPERATURES PRESENT in this equipment FIRES AND
SEVERE BURNS may result if personnel fail to observe safety precau-
tions.
•DO NOT use this unit for any application other than calibration work.
•DO NOT use this unit in environments other than those listed in the user's
manual.
•Continuous use of this equipment at high temperatures for extended peri-
ods of time requires caution.
•Completely unattended high temperature operation is not recom-
mended for safety reasons.
•In the unlikely event that the heat pipe should leak: DO NOT attempt to
put out the fire with water or chemical fire extinguishers. SMOTHER
THE FIRE WITH DRY SODA ASH. See the Material Safety Data
Sheet (MSDS).
•Follow all safety guidelines listed in the user’s manual.
3
1 Before You Start
Safety Information

•The furnace generates extreme temperatures. Precautions must be taken to
prevent personal injury or damage to objects. Probes may be extremely
hot when removed from the furnace. Cautiously handle probes to prevent
personal injury. Carefully place probes on a heat resistant surface or rack
until they are at room temperature. SPRT’s should be placed in an anneal-
ing furnace if removed at temperatures greater than 500°C.
•Use only grounded AC mains supply of the appropriate voltage to power
the instrument. See Section 2.1, Specifications, for power requirements.
•The 9116A Furnace utilizes high voltages and currents to create high tem-
peratures. Caution should always be maintained during installation and
use of this instrument to prevent electrical shock and burns. Fire can be a
hazard for any device that produces high temperatures. Proper care and
installation must be maintained. Responsible use of this instrument will
result in safe operation.
•Calibration Equipment should only be used by Trained Personnel.
1.3.2 CAUTIONS
To avoid possible damage to the instrument, follow these guidelines.
•Components and heater lifetimes can be shortened by continuous high
temperature operation.
•Operate the instrument in room temperatures as indicated in Section 2.2,
Environmental Conditions. Allow sufficient air circulation by leaving at
least 6 inches of space between the furnace and nearby objects. Nothing
should be placed over the top of the furnace. The furnace should not be
placed under cabinets or tables. Extreme temperatures can be generated
out the top of the well. The furnace is equipped with cooling coils, use
cold water circulation when the furnace is used above 600°C. (For specif-
ics see Section 4.5 Plumbing.)
•The furnace is a precise instrument. Although it has been designed for op-
timum durability and trouble free operation, it must be handled with care.
The instrument should not be operated in wet, oily, dusty or dirty environ-
ments. Keep the well of the instrument free of any foreign matter. Do not
operate near flammable materials.
•Do not use fluids to clean out the well.
•If a main supply power fluctuation occurs, immediately turn off the fur-
nace. Power bumps from brown-outs and black-outs can damage the in-
strument. Wait until the power has stabilized before re-energizing the
furnace.
•The unit is not equipped with wheels. It is considered to be permanently
set once it has been installed. If the unit must be moved for some reason,
be sure that the fixed point cell has been removed before moving the fur-
nace. Any movement of the furnace with the cell inside can damage the
cell. The unit is not designed to be lifted or carried. If it must be picked
up, it is advisable that two people pick the unit up by placing their hands
9116A Furnace
User’s Guide
4

under the unit and carefully lifting at the same time. Never move the fur-
nace if it is hot.
•Air circulated through the gap surrounding the furnace core keeps the
chassis cool. DO NOT SHUT OFF THE FURNACE WHILE AT
HIGH TEMPERATURES. The fan will turn off allowing the chassis to
become hot. Alternatively, if used, the cooling water should remain on un-
til the furnace is cool.
•Once the unit has been taken to high temperatures (over 800°C), it takes
days for the unit to cool completely.
1.4 Authorized Service Centers
Please contact one of the following authorized Service Centers to coordinate
service on your Hart product:
Fluke Corporation, Hart Scientific Division
799 E. Utah Valley Drive
American Fork, UT 84003-9775
USA
Phone: [phone]
Telefax: +1.801.763.1010
E-mail: [email protected]
Fluke Nederland B.V.
Customer Support Services
Science Park Eindhoven 5108
5692 EC Son
NETHERLANDS
Phone: [phone]
Telefax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Fluke Int'l Corporation
Service Center - Instrimpex
Room 2301 Sciteck Tower
22 Jianguomenwai Dajie
Chao Yang District
Beijing 100004, PRC
5
1 Before You Start
Authorized Service Centers

CHINA
Phone: [phone]
Telefax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Fluke South East Asia Pte Ltd.
Fluke ASEAN Regional Office
Service Center
60 Alexandra Terrace #03-16
The Comtech (Lobby D)
118502
SINGAPORE
Phone: [phone]
Telefax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
When contacting these Service Centers for support, please have the following
information available:
•Model Number
•Serial Number
•Voltage
•Complete description of the problem
9116A Furnace
User’s Guide
6

2 Specifications and Environmental
Conditions
2.1 Specifications
Temperature Range 550°C to 1100°C (1022°F to 2012°F)
Accuracy ±3.0°C
Stability ±0.15°C
Uniformity ±0.05°C
Control Probe 10
Ω HTPRT
Resolution 0.1°C/°F below 1000°C/°F
1°C/°F above 1000°C/°F
Readout Switchable °C or °F
Controller Digital controller with data retention
Fault Protection High temperature cutout (Type R cutout thermocouple)
Sensor burnout and short protection
Cutout Accuracy ±10°C
Power 230 VAC (±10%), 50/60 Hz, 2500 W
Heater 2500 W
System Fuses 15 A 250 V fast acting
Exterior Dimension 838 mm H x 610 mm W x 406 mm D (33 x 24 x 16 in)
Weight 82 kg (180 lb.)
Safety EN 601010-1, CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 601010.1-04
2.2 Environmental Conditions
Although the instrument has been designed for optimum durability and trou-
ble-free operation, it must be handled with care. The instrument should not be
operated in an excessively dusty or dirty environment. Maintenance and clean-
ing recommendations can be found in the Maintenance Section of this manual.
The instrument operates safely under the following conditions:
•ambient temperature range: 5 - 50°C (41 - 122°F)
•ambient relative humidity: maximum 80% for temperature <31°C, de-
creasing linearly to 50% at 40°C
•pressure: 75kPa - 106kPa
•mains voltage within ± 10% of nominal
7

•vibrations in the calibration environment should be minimized
•altitude less than 2,000 meters
•indoor use only
If the unit is operating at temperatures above 600°C, cooling coils are accessi-
ble on the rear of the chassis to prevent the furnace heat from loading down the
room air conditioning system. (See Section 3.4 Plumbing)
8

3 Installation
3.1 Unpacking
Verify that the following components are present:
•Furnace
•Control HTPRT and Cutout Thermocouple
•Heat Radiation Guard (Quartz tube packed separately)
•Fixed Point Basket
•Fixed Point Basket Lid
•Fixed Point Basket removal tool
•Sodium Heat Pipe
•Circular 1.27 cm (0.5 in) fiber ceramic board (already installed in fur-
nace)
•Top thermal shunt disk
•Bottom thermal shunt disk (already installed in furnace)
•Extra Insulation:
♦Fiber ceramic insulating paper for the fixed point cell
♦Small circles for fixed point basket
♦Miscellaneous for packing around the fixed point cell
♦Circular 1.27 cm (0.5 in) fiber ceramic board
Unpacking should be done carefully. Several parts are packed disassembled for
safe shipment. Small parts may be packed in a separate box inside the crate.
Check carefully for all parts. If there is any damage due to shipment, notify
your carrier immediately.
3.2 Location
A furnace of this type is typically installed in a calibration laboratory where
temperature conditions are generally well controlled. Best results will be ob-
tained from this type of environment. Avoid the presence of flammable materi-
als near the furnace. Allow 6 or more inches of air space around the furnace.
Adjust the levelers on the bottom of the furnace to level the furnace and to keep
it from rocking.
3.3 Power
The 9116A furnace power requirements are listed in Section 2.1 on page 7. The
furnace is supplied with a 14-gauge, 2-conductor plus ground cable and con-
nector. Since building electrical installations may vary, the connector and cable
may be removed at the furnace back panel and another used so long as it is
9

10
SPRT
Thermal Guard
Assembly
Top Support
Block
Retaining Plate
Top Cover
Cutout Thermocouple
Cooling Coils
Heating Element
Top Thermal Shunt Disk
Control Probe
Metal Freeze Point Cell
Basket and Cover
Metal Freeze Point Cell
Heat Pipe
Ceramic Fiber
Insulation
Air Gap
(Circulating Air)
Bottom Support
Block
Bottom Thermal
Shunt Disk
Retaining Plate
2
7
1
Top Support Block
3
6
5
4
1.27 cm Fiber
Ceramic Board
Figure 1. Furnace Core Diagram

rated for the specified current and voltage. (See Figure 5, Back Panel on page
19.)
Be sure that the furnace chassis is always solidly grounded. A shock hazard
may exist if it is not. All switches are double pole for safety in such
hot-hot-neutral installations and both lines are fused.
3.4 Plumbing
The cooling coils are accessible from the back panel of the 9116A chassis (See
Figure 5, Back Panel on page 19). The cooling tubes are 6.35 mm (0.25 in)
copper. Water cooling prevents much of the furnace heat from loading down air
conditioning systems. Provide cold tap water with a valve convenient for opera-
tion near the rear of the furnace. A flow rate of about 0.4 GPM of tap water is
required. Pressure should not exceed 60 PSIG. Drain the warm exit water into
an appropriate sump.
3.5 Heat Pipe Installation
NOTE: The first heat of the furnace should be done without the heat
pipe to verify operation and to become familiar with the furnace. Re-
move any packing material before operating.
The heat pipe is shipped separately in order to prevent damage to the heater and
delicate fiber ceramic insulation. Re-installation of the control HTPRT and
cutout thermocouple is also required. Follow the instructions carefully. Many of
the materials are fragile. Refer to Figure 1 on page 10. Should the furnace be
relocated, the heat pipe must be removed and reinstalled at the new location.
See Figure 1 which shows the internal components of the furnace core.
1. Remove the top cover (1) of the furnace. Remove the metal retaining
plate (2) by detaching the four screws holding it in. Remove the top sup-
port block (3) and any packing material (used for shipping) from the cen-
tral furnace core. Leave the bottom support block (4) in place at the
bottom of the core.
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2. Locate the heat pipe (5) and the heat pipe installation tool. Use cotton
gloves to handle the heat pipe. Finger prints will cause corrosion of the
Inconel at high temperatures. The installation tool has a handle with
heavy gauge wire hooks which fit into the tabs on the top of the furnace.
Remove any packing materials from the heat pipe. (Any finger oils must
be removed with reagent grade alcohol before installation.) The heat
pipe has a protrusion on the top between the installation tabs which
served as a filling port. This port must be rotated appropriately to fit the
matching notch on the top support block. Note the orientation of the
notch on the top support block and be sure to rotate the heat pipe accord-
ingly. The larger notches in the top support block are toward the rear of
the furnace. There is a grounding wire attached to the top flange of the
heat pipe. BE CAREFUL that it does not damage the ceramic heaters as
the heat pipe is lowered into the furnace.
3. Attach the installation tool to the heat pipe and lower it very carefully
into the furnace. Maintain the heat pipe in the center of the well so as to
allow the bottom support block to slide into the cavity at the bottom of
the heat pipe. The fiber-ceramic material is very fragile. The heater and
the support can easily be damaged if care is not taken during heat pipe
installation.
4. Once the heat pipe is in place, position the top support block (3) over the
heat pipe. Be careful to position the notch onto the heat pipe, the flanges
of the heat pipe (5) into the slits in the support block and the grounding
wire through the right rear access notch (when facing the furnace) in the
support block. If necessary, use a knife to cut pieces of the ceramic blan-
ket material provided to center and firmly locate the top support block in
place.
12

5. Re-attach the metal retaining plate (2) using the four screws. The ground
wire from the heat pipe must be routed through the right rear access hole
in the plate and attached to the closest screw using two star washers and
a screw. Make sure that the ground wire is securely attached to the fur-
nace chassis. Check the ground continuity to ensure that the ground wire
is intact and the heat pipe (5) is grounded. Insure that the wire routing
for the Control (6) and Cutout (7) probe is as shown in Figure 2.
13
Figure 2 HTPRT control probe and cutout thermocouple wire routing and heat pipe
ground wire placement..

6. Reinstall the control HTPRT (6) and the cutout thermocouple (7) as
shown in Figure 2 on page 13. They must be inserted far enough to clear
the top cover. They should also be centered in the air space between the
element and the heat pipe. Small pieces of the fiber ceramic material can
be used to fix their positions. The wires from the probes must be prop-
erly routed and connected to the controller as shown in Figure 2. Re-
move the cover over the electronics panel. Route the probe wires through
the hole in the top of the furnace (at the front right of the furnace when
facing the furnace) and down to the access hole into the electronics com-
partment (at the center left when facing the electronics panel). Connect
the probe wires to the controller. The labels on the probes and the con-
troller must be used to correctly complete the wiring. The thermocouple
wires should be firmly attached using the screw-down terminals on the
controller printed circuit board. The HPRT connection must be firmly
seated on the controller Make sure that the leads from the thermocouples
are directed away from the central well of the furnace, and will not be
pinched or interfere with other parts. See Figure 3
7. Reinstall the top cover. Locate the cover over the ball catches and press
down firmly.
14