Hudson Terraplane K 1934 Reference guide

THE MECHANICAL PROCEDURE MANUAL
FOR
HUDSON AND TERRAPLANE SERVICE MEN
The Hudson Motor Car Company has throughout its existence endeav-
ored to build into its products the highest quality of material and work-
manship to insure the purchaser economical, trouble free transportation.
THE success in this endeavor is attested to by the unusually high percent-
age of total cars built since the organization of the company in 1909, which still
continue to be operated as motor vehicles. There are recorded, in addition,
many cases wherein the age of the vehicle obsoleted it for its original purpose
and the engine and other mechanical units have been removed and are being
utilized as power units for farm machinery, saw mills, pumps, boats, etc.
The Hudson Motor Car Company realizes that even with maximum
diligence in design and manufacture, the reputation of its products depends
to a large extent upon intelligent and regular servicing and has prepared
this manual as a guide and a help to the thousands of men, many of whom
for more than 25 years have diligently striven to maintain the performance
and reputation, in their respective localities, of Hudson built cars through
careful and efficient service.
To these men belong much credit for the reputation of Hudson built
products and this manual is therefore dedicated to them, The Hudson
Terraplane Service Men.
No. 2583
Section 1 Page 1

Purpose
The purpose of the Mechanical Procedure Manual is to
supply information of value in diagnosis and repair includ-
ing information on changes which affect procedure in ser-
vicing.
Flat Rate
The procedures given in this manual are identical to those
followed in setting time allowances for Flat
Rate Schedules and should be valuable as a guide where
actual shop time does not compare favorably with the
schedules. A study of the operations together with the tool
equipment used in their performance should enable each
Hudson Terraplane Service Station to offer its owners reli-
able service at a reasonable cost.
Inspection Service
This manual does not go into the details of pre- delivery,
500 and 1500 mile inspections as these vary somewhat with
each yearly model, however, particular attention should be
paid to carrying out these inspections in accordance with the
procedure given on the inspection cards which are available
from the factory for each model while in production.
The items included in these inspections are those which
experience has shown require attention during the early life
of the car to insure long, carefree service, in addition to
items, which though checked carefully at the time of manu-
facture require additional checks to insure proper operation.
The owner when accepting delivery of the car expects it to
be in perfect condition. A good first impression will aid you
in your future contacts as well as do much to insure satisfac-
tory performance of the car. Make these inspections care-
fully and file the inspection card as a permanent part of the
record of the car.
Keys and Locks
A record of the key numbers made on the pre- delivery
card, in the space provided, will help you render a valuable
service to your owners in cases of lost keys.
Warranty and Owners Service Policy
The Warranty and Owners Service Policy is fully covered
in the General Service Policies Manual which should he
referred to on any question of Owner, Dealer, Distributor or
Factory responsibility.
Special Tools
All special tools referred to or illustrated in this manual
have been developed through the cooperation of the Hudson
Motor Car Company Service Department with the Hinck-
ley-Myers Co. of Jackson, Michigan.
Special tools are developed only where it is found that
such a tool is essential to good workmanship or the time
saving is sufficient to warrant its cost.
The tools are of highest quality and are sold direct by the
tool manufacturer to make them available to Hudson and
Terraplane Distributors and
Dealers at minimum cost.
For complete list of tools and shop equipment refer to the
Hinckley-Myers Tool Manual of Authorized Tools and
Equipment for Hudson and Terra- plane Distributors and
Dealers.
Parts Books
Individual parts lists are available for each yearly model
while a master Parts Book showing interchangeability of
parts on models from 1930 through 1936 is also available.
These books and the numerical parts price list should be
used as reference for parts information.
Service Bulletins
Service Bulletins issued from time to time should be filed
in the Bulletin Binder with cross reference entered on the
sheet provided at the front of each section of this manual.
These references will serve to keep the Mechanical Proce-
dure Manual up-to- date pending the issue of additional
Manual pages.
Reference Sheets
Reference Sheets covering individual units are prepared
for ready reference by the mechanic. Each mechanic should
have his own file of Reference Sheets.
Hudson-Terraplane
Service Magazine
The service Magazine is published monthly and contains
timely service information, which should be tied in with the
material in this manual. Index this information on the sheets
provided in front of each section.
Material for Magazine
The technical information in the magazine is based
on the experience of the Engineering, Manufacturing and
Service divisions at the factory and also on reports and
suggestions received from Distributor and Dealer Service
Departments. Any suggestions for improved methods of
servicing, short cuts, special tools, etc., developed in the
Servicing of Hudson and Terraplanes which will assist you
in your work will also assist the thousands of other Service
Men. Submit your suggestions to the Technical Division of
the Factory Service Department, so that they may be passed
on through the medium of Hudson-Terraplane Service.
Copyright 1936 by
HUDSON MOTOR CAR CO.
All Rights Reserved
Section 1 Page 2

MECHANICAL PROCEDURE MANUAL
Page 1
SECTION2
LUBRICATION
ServiceMagazine—ReferenceSheetandServiceBulletinReference
Bulletin or
ReferenceSheet
No. Magazine
Issue and Page
Date Subject DETAILS OF INFORMATION

MECHANICAL PROCEDURE MANUAL
SECTION 2
Page 3
LUBRICATION
The correct lubrication of all working parts is of prime
importance to the life, performance and economy of oper-
ation of the automobile. Correct lubrication requires the
use of the recommended type and grade of lubricant,
properly applied, in the right quantities and at the speci-
fied intervals.
The recommended specifications are in most instances
confined to S.A.E. viscosity numbers. These numbers
simply classify lubricants according to viscosity or fluid-
ity but without reference to any other characteristics or
properties.
THE REFINER OR MARKETER SUPPLYING THE
LUBRICANT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE QUALITY
OF ITS PRODUCT. THEIR REPUTATION IS YOUR
BEST INDICATION OF QUALITY.
Engine Oil
The various viscosities are overlapping in the
range of temperatures in which they should be used,
however, as shown in Figure 201, as the atmospheric
temperature goes down the desirability of an ,oil from a
cranking standpoint becomes less while its ability to pro-
tect the engine parts, together with oil mileage, is reduced
as the temperature is increased. In selecting the oil to be
supplied to Hudson and Terraplane owners, consult the
chart and select a viscosity which will insure starting at
the coldest temperature encountered but do not go lower
than necessary as this reduces the protection to the engine
parts and increased oil consumption.
The chart (Figure 201) has been prepared to aid in
visualizing the adaptability of the various oils specified.
For example: An oil is to be used when the minimum
temperature expected is 15° above zero. It will be noted
that this temperature is within the recommended range for
20W, W and W plus 10% kerosene. Referring to the width
of the stripped section for each of these oils it will be
noted that satisfactory starting can be expected with any,
however, cranking will be easiest with 10W plus 10',",
kerosene as its stripped section is wider at plus 15° than is
the stripped section of the other two oils.
Running conditions must also be considered, particu-
larly since temperatures higher than the minimum will
also be encountered. If these temperatures are above plus
20° the use of 10W plus 10c; kerosene would result in
excessive oil consumption.
The 10W having a wider black section at plus 20°
would not show as much consumption and probably
would be satisfactory from this standpoint for a car used
infrequently or for short runs. The 20W however, which
would give satisfactory starting conditions, would also
give better oil mileage particularly on continuous running
and up to much higher atmospheric temperatures.
Hudsonite
Hudsonite is a special lubricant, developed and
compounded in the Hudson Engineering Laborato-
ries. Its use insures maximum smoothness and maxi-
mum life of the clutch.
Transmission Differential and Steering Gear
The lubricant for these units should consist of a
good grade of mineral oil to which has been added
not less than 15% Extreme Pressure (E.P.) base.
This base may consist of combined sulphur and sa-
ponifiable oils, free from fatty acids.
This lubricant must be non-corrosive and nonabra-
sive.
Never add extreme pressure lubricants to lubri-
cants already in the units unless there is definite
knowledge that both lubricants are the same type.
Certain types of Extreme Pressure lubricants will
react on others as well as on straight mineral oils.
When in doubt, drain and flush the unit and refill with
the recommended E.P. lubricant.
Except for the above, the lubricant in the transmis-
sion and differential should be drained and replaced
with change of season and new lubricant added as
necessary between changes.
Add the recommended lubricant to the steering
gear as necessary to maintain the proper level.
Wheel Bearings
Due to the high temperatures generated at the
wheel bearings under severe brake usage, the wheel
bearing lubricant must not thin out at high tempera-
tures. It should be a Sodium Soap Grease, smooth,
non-fibrous and uniform, free from fillers and grit
and must not separate under ordinary conditions of
operation.
Water Pump and Drag Link
The lubricant used at these points must be insolu-
ble in water and should not wash off. A smooth,
uniform, Aluminum soap grease, free from fillers and
grit which must not separate under ordinary operating
conditions is recommended.
Steering Spindles, Spring Shackles and
allOtherPressureFittings,ChassisSpringCovers,
Universal Joints
This lubricant can be either an Aluminum or Sodium
base grease but must be of a rubbery texture so that it

SECTION 2
Page 4 MECHANICAL PROCEDURE MANUAL
will maintain an unbroken film on the wearing surfaces
under the action of road shocks.
Lubrication Charts
Wall charts are available from the factory covering the
complete lubrication of the chassis and body. Smaller
reproductions of these charts are included in this section
of the manual as well as in the Owners' Manual, showing
all points of lubrication together with the lubricant speci-
fied and the mileages at which each should be lubricated.
These charts should be used as a guide in lubricating
the various Hudson and Terraplane models to which they
apply and also as an aid in selling lubrication service to
your customers.
Figure 201

SECTION 3
ENGINE TUNE-UP
Service Magazine—Reference Sheet and Service Bulletin Reference
Bulletin or
ReferenceSheet
No. Magazine
Issue and Page
Date Subject DETAILS OF INFORMATION
MECHANICAL PROCEDURE MANUAL Page 1

MECHANICAL PROCEDURE MANUAL
SECTION 3
Page 3
ENGINE TUNE-UP
The Engine Tune-up procedure has been divided into
two groups. The first is the over-all check-up to determine
the need for a tune-up and to help the service salesman
show the owner the need for it. The second division is the
step-by-step procedure for making a complete tune-up.
Engine Over-all Check-up
The instruments used are an accurate ammeter and
voltmeter, ignition high tension tester and vacuum gauge.
Figure 301, shows the correct connections for the over-all
check-up.
A—VOLTMETER—Connection—Battery side ignition
switch to ground.
a. All switches off. Voltage of less than 6 indicates,
Battery discharged, worn out or loose connections
between battery and ignition switch
(Correction—Tests-4-5-6-7).
b. Ignition on—Distributor points closed.
Voltage drop of more than 0.2 volts below reading
at (a) indicates loose connections. (Correction—
check connections between battery and ignition lock
and tests 6 and 7).
c. Cranking Engine with starter—Ignition off— Engine
warm.
When starter button is pressed voltmeter hand
should drop back to 3 to 4 volts and return quickly
to 5 to 534 volts. (Slow return of hand indicates
discharged or worn out battery. Drop only to 4-1/2
to 5 volts and slow return to 5 indicates corroded
terminals, poor battery cable, poor contact of start-
ing motor brushes or commutator.
(Correction Tests 4-5-6-7).
B —VACUUM GAUGE—Connect to windshield wiper
manifold connection. Warm up engine thoroughly. Gauge
reading should be 18 to 21 with engine idling.
a. Low and uneven reading.—Poor Compression or
ignition (Test 1).
b. Jerky action of gauge hand Sticky or burnt
valve—valve tappet adjustment too close (Test 3).
c. Gauge hand vibrates more at high engine speed than
at idle—weak valve springs—replace valve springs.
d. Low steady reading—Intake manifold leak or late
ignition timing—Test 15 replace manifold gaskets
if necessary.
e. Floating motion of gauge hand—Rich carburetor
mixture Correction—Carburetor idle screw
adjustment—check float level and float valve if
necessary .
f. Constant vibration of gauge hand—early
ignition (Test 15).
C IGNITION TEST.
a. Ignition on—distributor points closed. Ammeter read-
ing 5 to 6 amperes. (4 to 5 amperes with distributor
resistor)—High reading—shorted primary winding or
shorted distributor resistor.
Low reading--Poor connections from ignition coil to
distributor to ground or corroded distributor points
(Test 11).
b. Engine running at idle—Open high tension test gap to
7 M. M. Irregular spark in tester with a steady amme-
ter reading indicates— weak coil or poor condenser,
high tension wires, distributor cap, rotor arm or spark
plugs. (Test 11-12-13-14).
1. Compression
Engine warm Tighten cylinder head, remove spark
plugs, insert gauge in No. 1 spark plug hole. Throttle open,
crank engine until gauge hand stops.
Record reading and repeat test on other cylinders. Maxi-
mum allowable variation in compression 10 lbs. Recheck
low readings.
If low reading can be brought up by inserting oil on
piston, leakage is past rings—if not, leakage is past valves
or gasket.

SECTION 3
Page 4 MECHANICAL PROCEDURE MANUAL

MECHANICAL PROCEDURE MANUAL
SECTION 3
Page 5
2. Spark Plugs
Lower end of plug porcelain should be a light brown
color. Glossy black porcelain—oil deposit— check oil and
compression. Dull black porcelain—deposit—rich burning.
Dead gasoline mixture—poor white color—over-heated
plug—use cooler type plug. Clean plug with sand blast—
adjust points to .025"gap. Plug should fire under 75 lbs.
Pressure in tester. Replace plugs with cracked porcelains 6r
burnt electrodes. Replace plugs after 10,000 miles of ser-
vice. Always use new gaskets.
3. Valves
Check valve tappet clearance with engine hot and run-
ning. Intake tappet clearance .006". Exhaust tappet clear-
ance .008".
Inject oil having gum dissolving properties into intake
manifold with engine running above idle
speed to remove deposits from valve guides. Recheck
compression.
If compression is still low, grind valves, replacing guides
and valves if worn. Replace cylinder head gasket.
4. Battery—Open Circuit
Gravity reading (hydrometer) 1.250 to 1.290 at 70° F.
Voltage—with no current draw-6 to 6½ volts. Recharge
battery if low on gravity or voltage.
Add water to each cell to bring level 4" above plates after
all electrical tests are completed. Do not overfill.
5. Battery High Rate Discharge
Connect voltmeter to positive and negative terminal
posts of battery (not to cable terminals). Press starter
button.
Voltage should drop back to 3 to 4 volts and quickly
return to 5 to 5½ volts.
If voltage drops only to 4½ to 5 volts and slowly returns
to 5½ volts look for corroded terminals, corroded or broken
cable or ground strap or dirty starter switch, commutator or
brushes.
If voltage does not come back to 5 volts, repeat test,
taking voltage of each battery cell. Variation of voltage in
cells under cranking load indicates worn out battery plates.
If battery is O. K. check for short in cable, heavy engine
oil, seized or worn bearings or short in starter motor.

SECTION 3
Page 6 MECHANICAL PROCEDURE MANUAL
6. Battery Ground Strap
Connect voltmeter from battery positive terminal post
(not ground strap terminal) to chassis frame.
Press starter button. A reading of more than 1/4-volt
indicates corroded terminal, broken or corroded ground
strap, poor connection to frame or undersized ground strap.
\
Always use Genuine Hudson and Terraplane battery cables
and ground straps to insure capacity for carrying amperage
for starting without voltage loss.
7. Battery Cable and Starter Switch
a. Connect voltmeter to negative battery post and starter
switch cable terminal. A reading of more than 1/4-volt while
engine is being cranked indicates corroded terminals, cor-
roded or broken cable or undersized cable.
b. Connect volt meter across starter switch terminals. A
reading of more than 1/4-volt while cranking engine indi-
cates poor switch contacts.

MECHANICAL PROCEDURE MANUAL
SECTION 3
Page 7
8. Generator Charging Rate
Connect ammeter and voltmeter as shown. Ground
field terminal (F). With ammeter reading 15 amps. take
voltage at generator (A) terminal and at starting motor
terminal—more than 0.5 volts difference in voltages indi-
cates high resistance in the charge control or connections.
Charging Rate—With charge regulator-25 amps. at
8 volts. Without charge regulator-17 amps. at 8 volts.
9. Voltage Regulator
Connect ammeter and voltmeter as shown. Generator field
not grounded. Engine speed to give maximum charge. Turn
in resistance until charge is reduced to 10 amperes. Voltage
should be from 7.8 to 8.1 volts.
If voltage is outside this range replace voltage regulator.
See Section 6 for two charge regulator information.
10. Distributor
1. Automatic advance mechanism must work
freely.
2. Check shaft for excess play in bushings.
3. Lubricate at oil cup with engine oil.
4. Lubricate top of shaft and breaker arm pivot
with engine oil.
5. Coat breaker arm block lightly with vaseline.
6. Clean breaker points—replace if pitted or burnt.
7. Align points.
8. Adjust points to .020" maximum opening.
11. Low Tension Ignition
Voltmeter readings should be zero from ground to point
indicated--Distributor Points closed.
1. 2. A reading indicates poor points.
3.. 4. A reading indicates poor ground.
Ammeter reading—Ignition on.
A. Distributor points closed—5 to 6 amps.
High reading—shorted coil.
Low reading—poor connections.
B. Distributor points open—Ammeter should
read zero.
A reading indicates shorted condenser
pivot arm or primary lead to distributor.
If equipment is not available for condenser test, install new
condenser and compare high tension output.
Printed in U. S. A. ISSUED MAY, 1937

SECTION 3
Page 8 MECHANICAL PROCEDURE MANUAL
12. High Tension
A. Connect tester to No. 1 spark plug cable and
ground—Engine running at idle—tester gap 7 M. M.
B. If weak or irregular spark—connect tester to No. 1
socket of distributor cap. A regular spark across 7 M. M. gap
indicates poor No. 1 cable. Repeat test A and B on all plug
wires.
If regular spark is obtained on some but not all B tests,
check distributor cap for crack or burnt sectors.
If regular spark is not obtained on any B tests, check rotor
for short to shaft and wide gap.
13. High Tension
If regular spark is not obtained in test 12, remove
cable from distributor central terminal and connect
tester to cable and distributor. Close tester gap and
run engine at idle speed. Open gap to 7 M. M. and note spark.
Remove cable from coil and connect tester direct
to coil and distributor. Repeat test. If spark is more
regular than before, install new cable.
If regular spark is not obtained with 7 M. M. gap, replace
coil.
14. Spark Plug Test
Connect tester from No. 1 spark plug to ground, set gap
to 10 M. M. Engine running at idle.
The tube should be full red with each firing of the plug.
A spark across the gap indicates high resistance in the plug.
Recheck plug gap or replace with new plug.
15. Ignition Timing
Connect synchroscope to first or last spark plug and plug
wire. Chalk flywheel D. C. mark. Start engine with light of
synchroscope on timing inspection hole.
Turn distributor until D. C. mark appears in line with
pointer. Tighten clamp screw.
D. C. mark should move up as engine speed is increased
and return to pointer when engine idles.
No movement or erratic movement indicates sticking
automatic advance mechanism.
ISSUED MAY, 1937. Printed in U. S. A

MECHANICAL PROCEDURE MANUAL
SECTION 3
Page 9
16. Fuel Pump
Remove glass sediment chamber and clean. Clean screen
or replace.
17. Fuel Pump Test
Connect gas per mile gauge to fuel pump outlet and
carburetor inlet. Connect pressure gauge into gauge line as
shown. Set gauge valve to position 3 and start engine.
Gauge should show from 1 to 3 pounds pressure. High
pressure will flood carburetor; low pressure will cause vapor
lock. With engine at idle speed turn valve to position 1. The
gauge glass should fill from the lower mark to the upper
mark a 10 Gallon) in not more than 36 seconds.
This test on the road at 60 M. P. H. should fill in not
more than 1 minute.
18. Climatic Control
Remove cover—Clean screen or replace.
Check choke valve for free movement.
Choke should open from own weight when cover is
removed.
When cover is reinstalled, adjust to middle graduation.
Set lean for "Winter" fuels.

SECTION 3
MECHANICAL PROCEDURE MANUAL
19. Air Cleaner
Remove from carburetor.
Remove thumb screw (A )—Cover and pad (B). Dip in
gasoline to clean filter element (C).
Dip in S. A. E. 50 engine oil and drain off excess
before reinstalling.
When re-oiling be careful to prevent oil or gas getting
into sound absorbing chamber (D).
Reinstall pad with soft side up against cover.
20. Final Tuning
Thoroughly warm engine. Adjust throttle stop screw for
7 M. P. H.
Attach vacuum gauge to windshield wiper connection.
Turn carburetor idle adjusting screws to seat and back out
turn.
Start engine. Turn one idle screw until maximum gauge
reading is obtained then turn other for maximum steady
reading.
Reading of 18" to 21" should be obtained with idle
screws from 3/8" to 3/4 off seat.
21. Float Level Adjustment
Set the float level of the Duplex Carburetor to a" as
shown and the single carburetor to 3/8". Bend lip (51) of
arm to adjust.
With float cover upside down blow on inlet. If leakage
exists replace valve needle and seat.
22. Metering Rod (Single)
Remove the metering rod and insert 2.795" gauge in its
place. With throttle valve closed tight (stop screw backed
out) and the metering rod pin on the operating lever resting
on the gauge, the operating link should enter the hole in the
lever freely. Adjustment is made by bending the operating
link.

MECHANICAL PROCEDURE MANUAL
SECTION 3
Page 11
23. Metering Rods (Duplex)
Remove metering rods and insert gauges (2.359").
Loosen rocker arm set screw (13) and turn metering rod
arm until pin rests on seats of gauges. Tighten set screw.

SECTION 3
Page 12 MECHANICAL PROCEDURE MANUAL
24. Anti-Percolating Valve (Single)
With a .030" diameter feeler inserted beside the throttle
and in line with the idle port a clearance of from .005" to
.015" should exist between the anti- percolating valve arm
and the pump arm.
The anti-percolating valve must close with only a slight
throttle opening and seal the passage air tight. An air leak at
the valve will cause faulty acceleration and high speed
performance.
25. Anti-Percolating Valve (Duplex)
Back out throttle stop screw—close throttle and bend
lips of anti-percolator valve lever until scribed lines on
valve plungers are .015" above valve plugs
26. High Idle
With throttle stop screw (48) set for normal idle and
choke valve closed, turn high idle screw (4) until throttle
stop screw is held .030" from stop.
27. Unloading Device
Bend lip (53) of high idle link (49) to hold choker valve
1" open as shown when throttle is wide open.
28. Final Tuning
After replacing the carburetor repeat test No. 20 with the
vacuum gauge.
If the vacuum gauge reading is not steady or is low refer
back to section B for the cause of the trouble.
The vacuum gauge is the final check on the accuracy of
adjustments made.
ISSUED MAY, 1937. Printed in U. S. A