MLR FX312 User manual

FX312 & FX412 VERSION 2.0
MLR ELECTRONIQUE
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Dear Customer,
Thank you for choosing the MLR FX312 GPS or the MLR FX412 DGPS Navigator. We are
confident it will give you many years of excellent service and you will enjoy exploring the
numerous functions available from this state of the art GPS or DGPS.
For further information or technical help, please do not hesitate to contact your local dealer or
MLR Electronique in Vallet, who will be pleased to help you.
If you have chosen the FX312, you will be able to upgrade its accuracy by connecting it to the
MLR DF300 Differential Beacon Receiver, or by modifying it into a FX412. For more
information, contact your local dealer.
Yours sincerely,
Jean Pierre MAQUAIRE
C.E.O

FX312 & FX412 VERSION 2.0
MLR ELECTRONIQUE
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FX312 & FX412 VERSION 2.0
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ATTENTION: IMPORTANT NOTES
The United States of America Department of Defence is responsible for the operation and
management of the GPS System. The accuracy is by “Selective Availability” which is
equivalent to plus or minus 100 metres.
The MLR FX312 high accuracy GPS or the MLR FX412 high accuracy DGPS is an AID TO
NAVIGATION ONLY and should not be used as a substitute for more traditional methods
of navigation.
When connecting your GPS or DGPS to other manufacturers equipment i.e. autopilots,
video plotters etc., you must still ensure a permanent watch is always kept as all
electronic instruments are designed to be an AID TO NAVIGATION ONLY.
MLR Electronique and their network of Distributors do not accept any responsibility for
any consequential losses resulting from the use of this dev ice.

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FX312 & FX412 VERSION 2.0
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COM -NO- FX312 & FX412 - 02
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CONTENTS
A – PRESENTATION ................................................................................................................................................................ . 7
B – USING YOUR GPS .............................................................................................................................................................. 7
1 – POSITION DISPLAY .......................................................................................................................................................... 7
2 – NAVIGATION DISPLAY: SPEED AN D COURSE OVER THE GROUND ..................................................................... 9
3 – GO TO WAYPOINT DISPLAYS ........................................................................................................................................ 9
3.1. – ACTIVATE THE GOTO WAYPOINT FUNCTION ..................................................................................................... 9
3.2. – DEACTIVATE THE GOTO WAYPOINT FUNCTION ..............................................................................................12
3.3. – DISPLAY MODE SELECTION: DATA, COMPASS, 3D ROAD OR RADAR ...........................................................12
3.4. – CHANGING THE DESTINATION WAYPOINT ........................................................................................................14
3.5. – CREATING A NEW WAYPOINT ...............................................................................................................................14
3.6. – WAYPOINT ENTRY BY RANGE AND BEARING ..................................................................................................... 15
3.7. – KEEPING YOUR WAYPOINT PERMANENTLY ACTIVE ........................................................................................16
3.8. – MODIFY A WAYPOINT ............................................................................................................................................17
3.9. – DELETE A WAYPOINT OR ALL OF THE WAYPOINTS ..........................................................................................18
3.10. – DISPLAY RANGE AND BEARING BETWEEN 2 WAYPOINTS .............................................................................19
3.11. – WAYPOINT MEMORY ALLOCATION: USED AND FREE MEMORY .................................................................. 20
4 – GOTO ROUTE DISPLAY: FOLLOWING A ROUTE ......................................................................................................20
4.1. – ACTIVATE THE GOTO ROUTE FUNCTION ..........................................................................................................21
4.2. – DEACTIVATE THE GOTO ROUTE FUNCTION ..................................................................................................... 22
4.3. – DISPLAY MODE SELECTION: DATA, COMPASS, 3D ROAD OR RADAR ...........................................................22
4.4. – CHANGING THE ROUTE IN USE ...........................................................................................................................23
4.5. – ENTER A NEW ROUTE ............................................................................................................................................23
4.6. – MODIFY A ROUTE ...................................................................................................................................................24
4.7. – DELETE A ROUTE OR ALL OF THE ROUTES .......................................................................................................25
4.8. – ADVANCE TO THE NEXT WAYPOINT IN AN ACTIVE ROUTE ............................................................................25
4.9. – DISPLAY THE ROUTE DETAILS .............................................................................................................................25
4.10. – ROUTE MEMORY : USED AND FREE MEMORY ................................................................................................26
5 – PLOT TER DISPLAY: VIEW YOUR TRACK AND CURRENT POSITION RELATIVE TO SURROUNDINGS ........27
5.1. – ACTIVATE THE HOME FUNCTION ........................................................................................................................27
5.2. – SELECT THE FULL SCREEN OR WINDOW MODE ...............................................................................................28
5.3 . – SELECTION OF WAYPOINT NAMES ON PLOTTER DISPLAY .............................................................................28
5.4. – SELECTION OF THE TYPE OF INFORMATION DISPLAYED ..............................................................................29
5.5. – DISPLAY THE CHART OUTLINE ............................................................................................................................ 30
5.6. – ENTER A CHAR T OUTLINE ..................................................................................................................................... 30
5.7. – DELETE THE TRACK OR THE CHART OUTLINE ................................................................................................ . 32
5.8. – COPY THE TRACK OR THE CHART OUTLINE ..................................................................................................... 33
5.9. – SELECT TRACKING INTERVAL BY DISTANCE ..................................................................................................... 33
5.10. – TRACK AND CHART MEMORY: USED AND FREE MEMORY ...........................................................................34
5.11. – CHANGE THE ZOOM SCALE ON THE PLOTTER SCREEN ................................................................................34
5.12. – CURSOR MODE ......................................................................................................................................................35
5.13. – CENTER THE PLOTTER SCREEN ON A WAYPOINT ..........................................................................................35
6 – MAN OVER BOARD (MOB) AND MARK FUNCTIONS ..............................................................................................36
6.1. – MOB ACTIVATION ...................................................................................................................................................36
6.2. – MARK (EVENT / WAYPOINT) ACTIVATION ...........................................................................................................37
7 – SIMULATOR FUNCTION ...............................................................................................................................................38
8 – SATELLITES .................................................................................................................................................................... 39
9 – TO USE THE FX312 OR THE FX412 IN DIFFERENTIAL MODE .................................................................................39
9.1. – USING THE FX312 WITH THE MLR DF300 DIFF ERENTIAL BEACON RECEIVER ...........................................39
9.2. – USING THE FX312 WITH OTHER MANUFACTURERS DGPS RECEIVERS ........................................................41
9.3. – USING THE FX412 IN DIFFERENTIAL MODE ......................................................................................................41

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10 – USE OF DIGIPOINT TO ENTER WAYPOINTS, ROUTES AND CHART OUTLINE .................................................44
11 – DGPS RECEPTION MESSAGES ................................................................................................................................... 44
12 – SOFTWARE VERSION AND GPS YEAR OF YOUR RECEIVER ...............................................................................45
C – BEGINNERS GUIDE .........................................................................................................................................................46
1 – POWER ON/OFF ...............................................................................................................................................................46
2 – SATELLITES .................................................................................................................................................................... 47
3 – CONTRAST AND BACKLIGHT ADJUSTMENT ...........................................................................................................48
4 – GENERAL PROCEDURES USING THE KEYBOARD .................................................................................................. 49
5 – USE OF 'ARROWS' KEYS AND ENTER .........................................................................................................................51
6 – ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS ...............................................................................................................................52
6.1. – ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS ON THE SCREEN ............................................................................................52
6.2. – MEASUREMENT ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................................53
7 – INITIALISATION AND CONFIGURATION OF YOUR GPS ........................................................................................53
7.1. – SYSTEM MENU .........................................................................................................................................................54
7.2. – NAVIGATION MENU ................................................................................................................................................60
D – DESCRIPTION OF THE EQUIPMENT AND S PECIFICATIONS .............................................................................67
1 – CONTENTS OF FX312 .....................................................................................................................................................67
2 – CONTENTS OF FX412 .....................................................................................................................................................67
3 – COMMUN SPECIFICATIONS OF THE FX312 & FX412 ................................................................................................67
4 – PARTICULAR SPECI FICATIONS OF THE FX412 .......................................................................................................69
E – INSTALLATION INSTRU CTIONS ................................................................................................................................ . 70
1 – RECEIVER CASE .............................................................................................................................................................70
2 – SITING THE ANTENNA ..................................................................................................................................................71
2.1. - FX312 ANTENNA ........................................................................................................................................................72
2.2. - FX412 ANTENNA ........................................................................................................................................................72
3 – PROCEDURE FOR ELIMINATION OF INTERFERENCE (ONLY FOR FX412) ..........................................................74
3.1. – VERIFICATION OF DIFFERENTIAL SIGNAL RECEPTION ..................................................................................74
3.2. – DETECTION OF THE INTERFERENCE PRESENT ................................................................................................74
3.3. – DETECTION OF THE NATURE OF INTERFERENCE ...........................................................................................74
3.4. – SOLUTION TO INTERFERENCE ON THE POWER SUPPLY. ...............................................................................75
3.5. – SO LUTION OF INTERFERENCE BY RADIATION ................................................................................................ . 75
3.6. – SOLUTION TO MECHANICAL INTERFERENCE ................................................................................................... 75
MLR Electronique, 30 September 1999.

FX312 & FX412 VERSION 2.0
MLR ELECTRONIQUE
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YOUR USER’S MANUAL FX312 & FX412
This user manual applies to both units FX312 and FX412. For the FX412, you will find specific
instructions to install the receiver and its antenna as well as for its use in differential mode.
A – PRESENTATION
The MLR FX312 GPS is a radio–positioning receiver using signals from the NAVSTAR GPS
(Global Positioning System) satellite constellation. The MLR FX412 works with the GPS signals
and the signals from the DGPS radio-beacons. They offer simultaneously : high accuracy,
continuous coverage and world- wide availability.
The FX312 and the FX412 display 5 function screens and 5 MENUS linked to these functions.
You have easy access to these screens with the new direct access concept (DIRECT
ACCESS™).
B – USING YOUR GPS
1 – POSITION DISPLAY
IMPORTANT NOTE FOR FIRST TIME USERS : WE SUGGEST YOU BROWSE THROUGH
CHAPTER C, BEGINNERS GUIDE, AND CHAPTER E, ADVICE ON INSTALLATION.
Press the Pos key to display the POSITION function. The geographical position of the vessel is
displayed in the centre of the screen in degrees, minutes, tenths, hundredths and thousandths
of minutes. The position can also be displayed in other types of co-ordinates (Lambert, Swiss
Grid, English Grid, Irish Grid etc.) which you may select from the SYSTEM MENU. The position
is updated every second when the symbol representing a satellite is displayed at the top left of
the screen.
You will find at the top of the screen:
-The symbol representing a satellite when the FX312 or FX412 calculates and
validates the displayed position.
-The letter D when the FX312 or FX412 calculates and validates the position in
differential mode.
- The letter M when a message has been received from the Differential Station. To read
this message go to paragraph 11.

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-The date and the time. To display the local time, enter the time difference between
local time and UTC in the SYSTEM MENU. In UK the time difference is +1 hour in
summer and 0 in winter.
-Your altitude, your accuracy (ACC) or no data, depending on your choice in the
SYSTEM MENU.
Your speed and course over ground are displ ayed at the bottom of the screen.
When working in differential mode, the D letter is displayed in the top left of the screen.
Note 1: The accuracy displayed is also called ECP (Error Circular Probability), it is the radius of
the circle that contains 50% of the positions calculated by your GPS. The accuracy
automatically integrates working in differential mode.
Note 2: From the Navigation Menu you may select 2D, 3D or Auto mode. The altitude
measurement unit (i.e. metres or feet) can be selected from the NAVIGATION MENU.
____________________

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2 – NAVIGATION DISPLAY: SPEED AND COURSE OVER THE GROUND
Press the Nav key to display the NAVIGATION function. The central part of the screen shows :
Speed Over the Ground SOG (in knots, kilometre/hours or in mile/hours) and Course Over the
Ground COG (in degrees) on the lower line.
Note: When the speed is zero, the course cannot be calculated and dashes are displayed.
Information displayed in the top part of this screen is identical to the POSITION screen.
Two logs, L1 and L2 display the distances travelled (in the unit selected i.e. km, miles etc. from
the NAVIGATION MENU) in the lower part of the screen.
Note: From the NAVIGATION MENU you can reset to zero each log individually and con figure
the following parameters: unit of distance, unit of altitude, 2D/3D/Auto mode, speed filter,
compass variation and alarms.
_____________________
3 – GO TO WAYPOINT DISPLAYS
3.1. – ACTIVATE THE GOTO WAYPOINT FUNCTION
Press the GoTo key. The GOTO options are displayed unless a waypoint or a route has already
been selected; in which case you get the Data, Compass, 3D Road or Radar displays.
You now have the option of choosing a WAYPOINT FROM THE LIST, NEW WAYPOINT,
ROUTE FROM THE LIST or NEW ROUTE.

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To select a waypoint from the list, press the 0key (or select 0-WAYPOINT FROM THE LIST
and press Enter ). Use the arrow keys to move the cursor in the list and press Enter when
you have selected the desired waypoint.
Of course you can Enter a new waypoint when the list of waypoints is empty (refer to paragraph
3.5 CREATE A NEW WAYPOINT)
You also have the option to activate a route from the list or to create a new route (see Chapter
4- GOTO ROUTE).
Ti p: For quick access to the required waypoint, use the alphanumeric keys. For example to
search for a waypoint starting with the letter R, push repeatedly on the 7 PRS key to bring the
cursor on to the first waypoint starting with a R, then use the arrow keys to select the
waypoint required.
Tip: The GOTO WAYPOINT function can also be activated from the WAYPOINT MENU by
pressing 0 - ACTIVATE.
In the COMPASS, 3D ROAD or RADAR mode in the GOTO WPT function you will see on the
left hand side seven lines of information, and on the right hand side a display which can be
either COMPASS, 3D ROAD or RADAR (see chapter B.3.3). At the bottom left of the screen,
the date and time are displayed and on the right, the name of the active destination waypoint. In
the DATA mode, you will have the navigation information in large character as well as the cross
track error represented by a bargraph.

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Abbreviations – Navigation
RNG = Range between your position and the position of the destination waypoint in the select ed
unit. C - B segment on the diagram below.
BRG = Bearing, angle between your position and the position of the destination waypoint in
degrees. If your compass variation is zero, this angle is referenced in relation to true north.
Angle on the diagram b elow.
COG = Course Over the Ground of the vessel in relation to North. Angle .
XTE = Cross Track Error, the error between the vessels course being steered and the actual
course you are taking. An arrow indicates if you must go on the left or to the right to reduce the
error. C - D segment.
SOG = Speed Over the Ground. C - E vector.
VTD = This is the Velocity To Destination. If this figure is positive you are heading towards your
target waypoint but if it is negative you are heading away from the waypoint . C - F vector.
TTG = Time To Go to your destination waypoint. It is the VTD information that is used to
calculate the time to go.
ETA = Estimated Time of Arrival to your destination waypoint. It is calculated using the TTG
information and current time.
= COURSE over the ground or route
= BEARING to the waypoint of destination
A - B = direct line to the destination waypoint

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C - B = Range to the destination waypoint
C - E = Speed over the ground
C - F = Velocity to destination
C - D = Cross Track Error XTE
Note: VTD, TTG and ETA are individually represented (compass, 3D road and radar).
Tip : To reach your destination waypoint using the shortest path, ensure that:
- Your COG is equal to your BEARING.
- Your XTE must equal to zero.
- Your Velocity to destination must be positive and equal your Speed over the ground.
Tip : When using the cross track error alarm (see Chapter C.7.2.8.C) you will be warned by the
alarm sound each time your cross track error becomes bigger than the limit you have
programmed.
3.2. – DEACTIVATE THE GOTO WAYPOINT FUNCTION
From the GOTO WAYPOINT function, press the Menu key then press key 1(or select 1-
DEACTIVATE and press Enter ) to deactivate the GOTO WAYPOINT function.
Tip: To activate a route when a waypoint is active. You must first deactivate the active waypoint
using the WAYPOINT MENU. You may then select a route from the GOTO Menu. Select Item 2
- ROUTE FROM THE LIST or Item 3 - NEW ROUTE to ACTIVATE THE GOTO ROUTE
function.
3.3. – DISPLAY MODE SELECTION: DATA, COMPAS S, 3D ROAD OR RADAR
From the GOTO WAYPOINT function, press the Menu key then press key 2(or select 2- GOTO
DISPLAY and press Enter ). Select the display mode required using the arrow keys then
press Enter .
Note 1 : The indication of the cross track error (XTE) in the COMPASS, 3D ROAD and RADAR
screens gives you the distance C-D (see Chapter 3.1) and the letter R (Right) or letter L (Left)
indicates your position in comparison with the direct route. For instance XTE : R 0.05NM, you
are at the right of the route and at 0.05 nautic mile from the direct route. To correct your
direction, you have to go left.

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Note 2 : In the DATA and 3D ROAD screens, the cross track error is displayed by a bargraph.
This bargraph has 3 scales with automatic change, 0.1, 0.5, 2.5 in the chosen unit (kilometer,
nautic mile or miles). The scale is displayed either at the right or at the left of the arrow. Its value
corresponds to the distance between the 2 small arrows.
3.3.1 – GOTO WAYPOINT DATA
The arrow in the bargraph represents
your position according to your cross
track error. On the first line are displayed
the range and the bearing to the
waypoint. On the second line, the speed
and course over the ground.
To follow the direct course, sail in order
to keep the arrow in the vertical position
pointing up in the middle of the bargraph.
3.3.2 – GOTO WAYPOINT COMPASS
The compass pointer indicates the
vessel course, with the icon representing
the waypoint.
3.3.3 – GOTO WAYPOINT 3D ROAD
The arrow representing your vessel turns
according to your course and the bearing
to the waypoint. The arrow also moves
horizontally according to the amount of
cross track error. Every graduation is
equal to 0,25 KM or NM or MI. Keep the
arrow centered and pointing to the top for
the most direct track to your waypoint.
The icon representing your destination
waypoint moves down the display as you
approach it.

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3.3.4 – GO TO WAYPOINT RADAR
Your course is represented by the dotted
line in the centre of the screen. A
con tinuous line with the destination
waypoint icon is displayed to show the
bearing of the waypoint from your current
course. When the dotted line (vessel
course) is directly over the line with the
waypoint you are on course. If two
arrows are shown simultaneously this
indicates that the waypoint is outside of
the display area.
3.4. – CHANGING THE DESTINATION WAYPOINT
From the GOTO WAYPOINT function, press the 9 WXY List key to display the list of your
waypoints, then select the new destination waypoint while proceeding in the same way as
paragraph B.3.1 ACTIVATE THE GOTO WAYPOINT FUNCTION.
3.5. – CREATING A NEW WAYPOINT
With your receiver you can create a new waypoint by following the instruction windows
displayed after pressing the GoTo key or fr om the WAYPOINT MENU.
From the GOTO WAYPOINT function, press the Menu key then press key 3(or select 3-
ENTER/NEW and press Enter ).
When the entered waypoint window is displayed, enter the NAME of the waypoint, select an
ICON for representation in the PLOTTER function, enter a COMMENT (optional), enter the
LATITUDE and the LONGITUDE then press Enter to validate your entry and store the new
waypoint.
Note: To enter a letter, press repeatedly the corresponding key (e.g. to enter a B, press 3 times
on key 2). Once the letter or the number is displayed, the cursor will advance automatically to
the next character. If you make a mistake, use the arrow keys to move back or to advance

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the cursor. Use the arrow keys to go back to the previous line or to go forward to the next
line.
Note: To select North or South for the latitude, use the key 6 MN_ for North and 7 PRS for South.
To select East or West for the longitude, use the key 3 DEF for East and 9 WXY for West.
Tip: Do not forget to press the Enter key to validate your entry and store your new waypoint.
3.6. – WAYPOINT ENTRY BY RANGE AND BEARING
This function allows you to create a waypoint when you know its distance and bearing in relation
to a known position, another way point or your position.

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From the GOTO WAYPOINT function, press the Menu key then press the key 4(or select 4–
ENTER BY R/B and press Enter ) to display the options window. Select your reference position
from the options using the 0 , 1or 2 keys and press the Enter key. Follow the procedure
described in paragraph 3.5 - CREATING A NEW WAYPOINT for entering the name of the
waypoint, selecting an icon and writing a comment (optional). Now enter the distance and
bearing between the reference position and the waypoint position and press Enter to validate.
The receiver now calculates and stores the position of the waypoint
Tip: Do not forget to press the Enter key to validate your entry and store your new waypoint.
3.7. – KEEPING YOUR WAYPOINT PERMANENTLY ACTIVE
You have the option of keeping your waypoint active after switching off your GPS. If a waypoint
is active before you switch off the GPS, it will be active again when you switch it on.
From the GOTO WAYPOINT function, press the Menu key then press the key 5(or select 5-
KEEP WPT ACTIVE and press Enter) to display the option window. Select YES to keep the
waypoint active and press the Enter key.

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Note : By default, the waypoint is kept active.
3.8. – MODIFY A WAYPOINT
From the GOTO WAYPOINT function, press the Menu key then press the key 6(or select 6-
MODIFY and press Enter ), your waypoint list will be displayed. Select the waypoint you wish to
modify, press Enter .
The identical option window to the ENTER/NEW waypoint function is displayed. Use the
arrow keys to move your cursor and to make the desired modifications. Once the
modification is made, press Enter to store your changes.
Tip: Do not forget to press the Enter key to validate your modificat ions and store them.

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Note : In some cases, it is not possible to modify a waypoint, for instance when the waypoint
selected is already active or of it belongs to the active route,…
3.9. – DELETE A WAYPOINT OR ALL OF THE WAYPOINTS
From the GOTO WAYPOINT function, press the Menu key then press key 7(or select 7-
DELETE and press Enter ).
To delete only one waypoint press key 0(or select 0-DELETE A WAYPOINT and press Enter ),
the list of your waypoints is displayed. Select the waypoint to be deleted, press Enter then
select YES? and confirm by pressing Enter .
Note : It is not possible to delete the active waypoint or a waypoint which belongs to one or
several routes.
Tip: If you do not want to delete the waypoint, press the Pos , Nav , G oTo , Plot or Menu function
keys to cancel the operation.
To delete all your waypoints, press key 1(or select 1-DELETE ALL OF THE WAYPOINTS and
press Enter ) select YES? then confirm by pressing Enter .

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Tip: If you do not want to delete all your waypoints, select NO? and press Enter or press the
Pos , Nav , GoTo , Plot or Menu function keys to cancel the operation.
Note: Once all your waypoints are deleted, it will not be possible to reinstate them, it will
also erase all your routes.
3.10. – DISPLAY RANGE AND BEARING BETWEEN 2 WAYPOINTS
From the GOTO WAYPOINT function, press the Menu key then press the key 8(or select 8-
RNG/BRG 2 WPTS and press Enter ), then press the 9 WXY List key or the Enter key to display
the list of your waypoints. Select the first waypoint and press Enter , follow the same procedure
for the second waypoint.

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Note : The range from the waypoint OUISTR to the waypoint MANTSB is 151 MN and the
bearing to go from OUISTR to MANTSB is 13°.
3.11. – WAYP OINT MEMORY ALLOCATION: USED AND FREE MEMORY
From the GOTO WAYPOINT function, press the Menu key then press the key 9(or select 9-
MEMORY USED and press Enter ).
Note: The capacity of the memory is 500 waypoints.
____________________
4 – GOTO ROUTE DISPLAY: FOLLOWING A ROUTE
The GOTO ROUTE function is similar in operation to the GOTO WAYPOINT function, may we
suggest you to read paragraph B.3 for additional information. A route is a number of waypoints
linked together in any sequence chosen by the user.