Neuralynx Lynx-8 User manual

Lynx-8 Amplifier
Users’ Manual
Neuralynx, Inc.
105 Commercial Dr.
Bozeman, MT 59715
[phone]
Fax [phone]
URL: http://www.neuralynx.com

Lynx-8 Amplifier Users’ Manual
Copyright Neuralynx 2000 March, 2000 Page 0
Table of Contents
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................ 1
Technical Specifications................................................................................................................................. 1
Front Panel...................................................................................................................................................... 1
Input Connector.......................................................................................................................................... 1
Monitor Output Connector ......................................................................................................................... 2
Program/Lock Switch................................................................................................................................. 3
Rear Panel....................................................................................................................................................... 3
Power Supply Input Connector................................................................................................................... 4
A/D Board Connector................................................................................................................................. 4
20 Pin Digital Control Connector...............................................................................................................6
36 Pin Mini-D Connector ........................................................................................................................... 6
Program Select Indicator ............................................................................................................................ 6
Chassis Ground Wing Nuts ........................................................................................................................ 7
External Program Enable Input................................................................................................................... 7
Clocked Sequence Operation and Control Software ...................................................................................... 7
Internal connections........................................................................................................................................ 7
Input Stage Gain Selection Block............................................................................................................... 8
Input Stage Common Mode Rejection Adjustment.................................................................................... 8
Output Networks Sockets ........................................................................................................................... 8
Power the Amplifier On whenever the Computer is On............................................................................. 9
Loading the amplifier file settings when Discovery starts.......................................................................... 9
Output Signal Oscillations.......................................................................................................................... 9
Grounding and shielding............................................................................................................................. 9

Lynx-8 Amplifier Users’ Manual
Copyright Neuralynx 2000 March, 2000 Page 1
Overview
The Lynx-8 amplifier is a computer controlled eight-channel amplifier, which is designed for neuroscience
electrophysiology recording. It allows control of each channel's gain and high-pass and low-pass filters via a 16-bit
parallel digital output port. The amplifier input stage is of a differential input design. The amplifier's control and
analog output back panel connector was designed to be compatible with the Data Translation DT2821 and DT2839
tm series of A/D board.
Technical Specifications
Number of Channels 8
Input Configuration Differential
Gain Selection (at input gain=100) 12 to 50,000 (4095:1 range in 4095 steps)
Input Stage Gain Selections 1, 10, 100, 200, 500 (via internal jumper selection)
Input Signal Range 50 uv to 10 volts (peak-to-peak)
Output Signal Range +/-10v (peak-to peak)
Low Cut Filter Settings .1, 1, 10, 100, 300, 600, 900 Hz
Hi Cut Filters Settings 50, 125, 200, 250, 275, 325, 400, 475, 3000, 6000, 9000 Hz
Filter Rolloff 12 DB per Octave
Filter Type Butterworth (or Flattest Amp)
Output Noise 10 mv p-p
Input Noise 15 uv p-p
Input Impedance 2.5 Megaohms
Input Stage AC Coupling .1 Hz
CMRR at 60 Hz 90 db (110 db typical)
Inter-Channel Isolation 70 DB
Frequency Response .1 Hz to 10 kHz
Signal Inputs Front panel 20-pin IDC connector
Signal Outputs A/D board connector on rear panel (DT2821 compatible)
Analog Output – 3M MDR 36 pin connector on rear panel
Front panel buffered Monitor connector
Output Signal Sense Inverted from positive input signal connection (negative up)
Power Requirements +/- 15 volts at 160 milliamps - 4.8 Watts
Height/Size 1.75” - One 19” Rack Mount Slot - 12” deep
Front Panel
The front panel contains:
•Input connector;
•Monitor output connector; and
•Program/Lock switch.
Input Connector
The input connector is a standard 20-pin IDC ribbon cable connector. Four pins are used for ground and 16 pins are
used for the plus and minus inputs of the eight input channels.

Lynx-8 Amplifier Users’ Manual
Copyright Neuralynx 2000 March, 2000 Page 2
Pin 1
Pin 2
Pin 19
Pin 20
Input Connector - Front Panel View
The connector has the following pin-out:
Pin 1 Ground
Pin 2 Ground
Pin 3 Channel 1 + Input
Pin 4 Channel 1 - Input
Pin 5 Channel 2 + Input
Pin 6 Channel 2 - Input
Pin 7 Channel 3 + Input
Pin 8 Channel 3 - Input
Pin 9 Channel 4 + Input
Pin 10 Channel 4 - Input
Pin 11 Channel 5 + Input
Pin 12 Channel 5 - Input
Pin 13 Channel 6 + Input
Pin 14 Channel 6 - Input
Pin 15 Channel 7 + Input
Pin 16 Channel 7 - Input
Pin 17 Channel 8 + Input
Pin 18 Channel 8 - Input
Pin 19 Ground
Pin 20 Ground
Monitor Output Connector
The Monitor Output Connector has 3 types of signals:
•each of the 8 amplifier outputs (buffered by unity gain opamps);
•the two DAC outputs from the DT2821 board; and
•the DT2821 External Clock and External Trigger signals.
The eight amplifier channel outputs are buffered and placed on this connector to allow monitoring of the signals via
an oscilloscope and/or audio monitor. The DT2821 DAC outputs are connected to this connector to allow the use of
these signals by the user, as the amplifier connects directly to the DT2821 A/D board and doesn't allow any other
connection to the A/D board. The DT2821 External Clock and External Trigger signals are connected to this
connector for the same reason.
Pin 1
Pin 2
Pin 33
Pin 34 Monitor Connector - Front Panel View
The connector has the following pinout:
Pin 1 Channel 1 Output

Lynx-8 Amplifier Users’ Manual
Copyright Neuralynx 2000 March, 2000 Page 3
Pin 2 Ground
Pin 3 Channel 2 Output
Pin 4 Ground
Pin 5 Channel 3 Output
Pin 6 Ground
Pin 7 Channel 4 Output
Pin 8 Ground
Pin 9 Channel 5 Output
Pin 10 Ground
Pin 11 Channel 6 Output
Pin 12 Ground
Pin 13 Channel 7 Output
Pin 14 Ground
Pin 15 Channel 8 Output
Pin 16 Ground
Pin 17 No Connection
Pin 18 Ground
Pin 19 No Connection
Pin 20 Ground
Pin 21 No Connection
Pin 22 Ground
Pin 23 DAC 0 Output (Unbuffered and direct connection from the DT2821 A/D board)
Pin 24 Ground
Pin 25 DAC 1 Output (Unbuffered and direct connection from the DT2821 A/D board)
Pin 26 Ground
Pin 27 No Connection
Pin 28 Ground
Pin 29 No Connection
Pin 30 Ground
Pin 31 External Clock (direct connection to the DT2821 A/D board)
Pin 32 Ground
Pin 33 External Trigger (direct connection to the DT2821 A/D board)
Pin 34 Ground
Program/Lock Switch
The Program/Lock switch on the front panel allows the current gain and filter settings to be locked, or
unchangeable, if a software package is run on the computer which does not "nicely" control the DT2821 Parallel I/O
Digital port in a manner which the amplifier "expects". In other words, if you use the Discovery Clocked Sequence
to setup the amplifiers gain and filter settings and you want to run a different program, you can put this switch in the
LOCK position and the gain and filter settings will be held at the current values. The gain and filter settings can
only be changed when the switch is in the Program position. Note: if amplifier power is turned off the gain and
filter settings will be lost and must be reprogrammed.
Rear Panel
The Rear Panel has 7 items:
•Power Supply 5 Pin Connector;
•Program/Lock LED Indicator;
•External Program/Lock Select 2 pin connector;
•Data Translation DT2821 A/D Board Connector - 50 pin;
•20 Pin Digital Control Port;
•36 Pin 3M MDR Style Analog Output Connector; and
•Chassis Ground wing nuts (2);

Lynx-8 Amplifier Users’ Manual
Copyright Neuralynx 2000 March, 2000 Page 4
Power Supply Input Connector
There is a 5 pin (.156 Molex connector) which is used to power the amplifier. This should be connected to the
"braided 3 wire" DC Power Cable supplied. The connector has the following legend over it:
GG_BR
The 4 wires present in the Molex power connector (2 green, 1 black and 1 red) should be aligned with the legend.
Note: the "G", "B" and "R" denote the Green, Black and Red wires respectively in the connector.
Caution: The 5-pin power connector MUST be correctly connected to the amplifier. While connecting the power
to the amplifier use a flashlight to enhance your vision of the area to avoid problems. If it is not connected
correctly a short circuit on one of the power supply voltages will be created. It is very easy to misalign the
connector as it does not have a shroud around it.
A/D Board Connector
The A/D Board Connector is a 50 pin IDC ribbon cable connector that is compatible with the DT2821 series of PC
A/D interface boards. The only difference is that the A/D board inputs 8->15 are grounded to the amplifier ground
because the amplifier does not use these channels and it was assumed that only one amplifier would be connected to
one A/D board. This connector pinout is not described further. The 50-pin ribbon cable supplied with the amplifier
is used to connect this connector to the A/D board.
Caution: when connecting this cable (as with any large ribbon cable) be sure not to bend the connector pins
when inserting/removing the cable. It is very easy to "roll" the ribbon cable in/out of the connector, which will
bend several of the end pins.
Pin 1
Pin 2
Pin 49
Pin 50
DT2821 A/D Connector - Rear Panel View
The connector has the following pinout:
Pin 1 Channel 0 Output
Pin 2 Ground
Pin 3 Channel 1 Output
Pin 4 Ground
Pin 5 Channel 2 Output
Pin 6 Ground
Pin 7 Channel 3 Output
Pin 8 Ground
Pin 9 Channel 4 Output
Pin 10 Ground
Pin 11 Channel 5 Output
Pin 12 Ground
Pin 13 Channel 6 Output
Pin 14 Ground
Pin 15 Channel 7 Output
Pin 16 Ground
Pin 17 Ground
Pin 18 Ground
Pin 19 No Connection
Pin 20 No Connection

Lynx-8 Amplifier Users’ Manual
Copyright Neuralynx 2000 March, 2000 Page 5
Pin 21 Ground
Pin 22 No Connection - also connected to Pin 23 on the front panel Monitor Connector
Pin 23 Ground
Pin 24 No Connection - also connected to Pin 25 on the front panel Monitor Connector
Pin 25 Ground
Pin 26 Ground
Pin 27 Ground
Pin 28 Digital Input 0
Pin 29 Digital Input 1
Pin 30 Digital Input 2
Pin 31 Digital Input 3
Pin 32 Ground
Pin 33 Digital Input 4
Pin 34 Digital Input 5
Pin 35 Digital Input 6
Pin 36 Digital Input 7
Pin 37 Ground
Pin 38 Digital Input 8
Pin 39 Digital Input 9
Pin 40 Digital Input 10
Pin 41 Digital Input 11
Pin 42 Ground
Pin 43 Digital Input 12
Pin 44 Digital Input 13
Pin 45 Digital Input 14
Pin 46 Digital Input 15
Pin 47 Ground
Pin 48 Ground
Pin 49 No Connection - also connected to Pin 31 on the Front Panel Monitor Connector
Pin 50 No Connection - also connected to Pin 33 on the Front Panel Monitor Connector

Lynx-8 Amplifier Users’ Manual
Copyright Neuralynx 2000 March, 2000 Page 6
20 Pin Digital Control Connector
This connector is an IDC ribbon cable connector (dual row 2x10 ribbon cable header) which is wired in parallel to
the 50 pin A/D Connector, pins 27 through 46. This connector is used when connecting to the Neuralynx Cheetah
Data Acquisition System or other custom data acquisition system.
Pin 1
Pin 2
Pin 19
Pin 20
Digital Input Control Connector - Rear Panel View
The connector has the following pinout:
Pin 1 Ground
Pin 2 Digital Input 0
Pin 3 Digital Input 1
Pin 4 Digital Input 2
Pin 5 Digital Input 3
Pin 6 Ground
Pin 7 Digital Input 4
Pin 8 Digital Input 5
Pin 9 Digital Input 6
Pin 10 Digital Input 7
Pin 11 Ground
Pin 12 Digital Input 8
Pin 13 Digital Input 9
Pin 14 Digital Input 10
Pin 15 Digital Input 11
Pin 16 Ground
Pin 17 Digital Input 12
Pin 18 Digital Input 13
Pin 19 Digital Input 14
Pin 20 Digital Input 15
36 Pin Mini-D Connector
This connector has the 8 amplifier channel outputs (wired in parallel to the 50 pin A/D Connector) on the odd pins 1
-> 15 and ground on the even pins 2-> 16 & 17 & 18. This connector is used for connecting to the Neuralynx
Cheetah Data Acquisition System or other custom data acquisition system.
Note: The 3M Mini-D Connectors can be difficult to use without proper assembly tools and fixtures. If you
need to use this connector, contact Neuralynx for purchase of a ribbon cable with and attached connector.
Program Select Indicator
There is a single yellow LED that is visible from the rear. This LED will be lit when the amplifier is in PROGRAM
MODE. For the amplifier to be selected and enabled for programming the following must be true:
•Front panel PROGRAM/LOCK switch must be in the PROGRAM position (up); and
•Rear External Program Enable Input must have a logical “0” (low) signal.

Lynx-8 Amplifier Users’ Manual
Copyright Neuralynx 2000 March, 2000 Page 7
Chassis Ground Wing Nuts
The wing nuts on the back of the amplifier case are used to connect the amplifier board ground to the case and to
make any other electronic or mechanical connection to the chassis/rack ground. Make sure that this connection is
"strongly finger tight".
External Program Enable Input
There is a two pin input connector directly to the left of the DT2821 50 pin input connector which is an additional
Program Enable control signal. The connector pin on the left is connected to the amplifier board ground and the pin
on the right is the actual control input signal. This input must have a logical “0” (low) signal for the amplifier to be
in the PROGRAM MODE. This input is provided for recording setups that require an additional external signal to
control the Program/Lock function of the amplifier. The amplifier is shipped with a shorting jumper across the
input’s signal and ground pins, which will enable the front panel Program/Lock switch. A high input on this
connector will disable Programming operations of the amplifier. It may be controlled with an external TTL/CMOS
signal.
Clocked Sequence Operation and Control Software
A sample Clocked Sequence (for the Discovery acquisition program) is available which allows the interactive
control of the amplifier gain and filter settings. The interactive setup clocked sequence may be run while acquisition
is ON, which will allow the user to immediately observe changes (and the effects) of the amplifier settings. The
interactive clocked sequence is a fairly simple, in software design and operation. It is assumed that the user is
familiar with Discovery Clocked Sequence programming and techniques.
/* This will interact with the user to setup the amplifiers.
* Services are provided to save settings to the file and to read settings
* from a file. There is a display which will show the current settings of the
* amplifier.
* Command keys are:
* - ^A All Channels Select
* ^N Next Channel
* ^P Previous Channel
* - ^G Gain Prompt
* ^U Up Gain by 1 digital count
* ^D Down Gain by 1 digital count
* - ^L Low Cut Filter Cycle
* ^H High Cut Filter Cycle
* - ^E Equalize DC Component for Current Channel(s)
* - ^R Read Setup File "\bw\cfgs\hd_amp.amp" and set amp channels
* ^W Write Setup File "\bw\cfgs\hd_amp.amp" with amp channel's settings
* - ^X eXit Sequence
*
* The Current Channel will be shown in bright white. Unselected channels
* are shown in the respective Discovery "cluster" number color.
* When the sequence is eXitted with ^X the current settings will be displayed
* in the respective channel's "cluster number" color to indicate that no
* channel is selected.
*/
To install the Clocked Sequence copy the file on the floppy named CS_USR.C to your current discovery directory
(c:\bwlib\src\su), delete cs_usr.obj, and make a new copy of the program with "mk su".
Internal connections
NOTE: The following information is provided to allow the user to have knowledge of the full capabilities of the
Lynx-8 amplifier. This information should not be misused, and any desired changes in the internal jumpers and

Lynx-8 Amplifier Users’ Manual
Copyright Neuralynx 2000 March, 2000 Page 8
adjustments should first be discussed with Neuralynx before making any changes so that the user is aware of any
ramifications. Any unauthorized changes and/or adjustments will void the warranty, damage caused by users is not
covered by the warranty.
Input Stage Gain Selection Block
The input stage gain can be changed with a simple 4 way jumper. The available input gains are: 1, 10, 100, 200 and
500. The default setting is at the 100 position. There are some serious ramifications if this setting is changed.
Contact Neuralynx before changing these jumpers.
Input Stage Common Mode Rejection Adjustment
The input stage has an adjustment to maximize the Common Mode Rejection Ratio merit figure for each input
channel. This adjustment is set using a 60 Hz input signal on both the plus and minus differential inputs for each
channel. The adjustment is made for the lowest possible output signal with this input condition. Each channel of
the amplifier channel should have a CMRR of at least 100 db.
Output Networks Sockets
There are two 16 pin sockets, labeled N1 and N2, which can accept 16 pin headers to which resistors and capacitors
can be mounted, connected to the amplifier outputs to allow customizing the amplifier’s output impedance or signal
equalization for very long custom cabling installations. These network connections are connected to the amplifier’s
A/D Output and front panel Monitor Output signals. These networks are only needed for situations where the
electrical loading or custom cabling required a different output impedance. Consult Neuralynx if you have such
needs.

Lynx-8 Amplifier Users’ Manual
Copyright Neuralynx 2000 March, 2000 Page 9
Quarks, Got-cha's, and practical notes
This section notes some of the practical tips of using the amplifier.
Power the Amplifier On whenever the Computer is On
This is a practical note and it really applies whenever there is an interface connected (especially when the control is
via a digital port) to a PC. The reason for this is that digital inputs (and analog inputs also) are "electrically
different" when powered off/on. When the amplifier is powered off, the control inputs look like a diode connected
to ground and can overload the controlling TTL parallel output port. The other problem is that the DT2821 A/D
inputs can be damaged by having large signals present and having the computer power off. You can cause problems
in both the computer and the amplifier if this rule is not followed. It is best to power the "complete system" on at
once using a common power strip.
Loading the amplifier file settings when Discovery starts
You can program Discovery to load a default setting from a file during initialization in the SU_USR.C file. This
allows convenience to the operation. Contact [e-mail] for instructions on this procedure.
Output Signal Oscillations
A few times users have observed a high frequency oscillation at the output of the amplifier. This seems to be caused
by one or more of the following conditions:
•extremely large input signal swings;
•ground loops which couple signal from the amplifier outputs back to the inputs; and/or
•large capacitance loads on the output of the amplifier caused by excessive cabling on the outputs.
The ground loops become more critical as the gain of the amplifier is increased. If possible, reduce the Lynx-8
amplifier gain setting and increase the A/D board gain setting. These oscillations usually "fall out" after a few
seconds.
The capacitance load (from output to ground) can be reduced by using unshielded output cables. The amplifier
output signals are low impedance, large signals that usually do not need to be shielded.
If you have oscillation problems please contact [e-mail].
Grounding and shielding
This is a subject on which many books and courses have been based. A good rule of thumb is that a shielded cable,
whether carrying analog or digital signals, should be grounded at one point only.
The amplifier output impedance is very low and the output signal level is usually in the range of several volts and
therefore is not very susceptible to interference. A shielded output cable is not required unless the cable must be run
directly over or in back of a CRT or other strong interference generation source.