Advanced Elements AF-3500s Instruction Manual

Advanced Flight Systems Inc. www.Advanced-Flight-Systems.com
PHONE: [phone] FAX: [phone]
AF-3400s, AF-3500s, AF-4500s
EFIS System - Engine Monitoring System –Moving Map
Patents 6,271,769 B1 and 6,940,425
User Guide and Installation Manual
Version 7.3
09/23/2011
IMPORTANT PRE-INSTALLATION NOTICE
Before installing the monitoring system, READ THE LIMITED WARRANTY / AGREEMENT. There is information in the
Limited Warranty / Agreement that may alter your decision to install this product. IF YOU DO NOT ACCEPT THE TERMS
OF THE LIMITED WARRANTY / AGREEMENT DO NOT INSTALL THE PRODUCT. The product may be returned for a
refund if you do not accept the terms of the Limited Warranty / Agreement.
Before starting the installation, make sure that your planned installation will not interfere with the operation of any
controls. The installer should use current aircraft standards and practices to install this product. Refer to AC 43.13-2A,
Acceptable Methods, Techniques, and Practices - Aircraft Alterations and AC 43.13-1B, Acceptable Methods, Techniques,
and Practices--Aircraft Inspection and Repair.
Experimental instrument limited to use in experimental aircraft.
Not approved for use in aircraft with FAA type certificates.

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AF-3400s, AF-3500s, AF-4500s Post Installation Check
CAUTION: Do not fly the aircraft until the following check list has been completed.
Never Power the system with an automotive battery charger and the aircraft battery disconnected.
Before Power is Applied for the First Time
□ Screen mounted following the installation manual
□ Magnetometer mounted (Label up, connector forward)
□ Screen case has been properly grounded using center case screw
□ Wiring harness is properly connected to screen
□ Verify relay protection diodes are installed on all large aircraft relays (Master, Starter,
Avionics...etc)
□ Pitot/Static and AOA plumbing is secured to the correct ports on the screen
□ Trim Servo indication wires are connected per the installation manual wiring diagram
Applying Power for the First Time
□ Turn on aircraft battery power and power on the screens on.
□ Verify the unit powers up; read the warning message where the I AGREE button
is displayed. This page contains the software version installed along with any
mapping effective/expiration dates.
□ Set your clock time-zone offset
□ Set the AHRS Pitch Adjust for your aircraft's panel tilt (0 or 8 degrees typically)
□ Following the installation manual, calibrate the Fuel Tanks
□ Following the installation manual, calibrate all trim and flap position sensors
□ Set the airspeed V speeds based on your aircraft manufacturers
recommendations.
□ Set all engine temperatures/limits based on your engine manufacturers
recommendations
□ Set fuel tank, fuel pressure, fuel pressure, oil temperature, and oil pressure warning
parameters
□ Configure your Serial Ports based on devices connected
□ Configure your GPS/NAV Settings based on Serial Port selection
□ Verify all GPS and NAV sources are properly communicating with the EFIS. See
Appendix J: 430W - EFIS - Autpilot - ARINC Troubleshooting guide if you have an
autopilot and/or a Garmin GNS-430W/530W.
□ AOA Post-Installation Pre-Flight Checklist Completed

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First Engine Start
□ With relay protection diodes installed, your AFS screen(s) can be turned on before the engine is
started.
□ After the engine has started, verify oil pressure and temperature. If none is indicated
SHUT DOWN the engine. Verify all wiring and consult your local A&P, the engine
manufacturer, and/or AFS technical support.
□ Verify all engine indications are correct per your engine manufacturers manual
Before First Flight
□ Verify you have the latest system software and mapping data (if applicable) - Visit the
AFS Website for latest software and map data.
□ Weight & Balance page updated with your aircrafts data
□ Checklist pages updated with information from your aircraft manufacturer
□ Magnetometer Alignment completed on all screens with an AHRS installed (See video on AFS
website Support Forum)
□ EFIS AOA Calibration Checklist completed
□ Pitot/Static check completed from an authorized FAA Repair Station.
□ EFIS and autopilot gains are set per the installation manual
In-Flight Configuration
□ Verify airspeed and altitude indicate correctly
□ Verify heading indicates correctly using a backup whiskey compass for reference
□ Test navigation sources and verify they function properly
□ If an autopilot is installed and coupled to the EFIS, check its functions
After First Flight
□ Calibrate Fuel Flow K-Factor (See Installation Manual)
AOA FLIGHT WARNING:
The EFIS may be shipped with AOA aircraft calibration data pre-installed. If you choose to use this data,
you must verify the validity of the data or calibrate the AOA to meet your specifications before using. You
must also read and understand the separate AOA manual before using the AOA instrument in flight.

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LIMITED WARRANTY / AGREEMENT
Advanced Flight Systems Inc. (“AFS”) warrants its aircraft monitoring system instrument and system components to be free from
defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one year commencing on the date of the first flight of the instrument or one
year after the invoice date, whichever comes first. AFS will repair or replace any instrument or system components under the terms
of this Warranty provided the item is returned to AFS prepaid.
This Warranty shall not apply to any unit or component that has been repaired or altered by any person other than AFS, or that has
been subjected to misuse, abuse, accident, incorrect wiring, or improper or unprofessional installation by any person. THIS
WARRANTY DOES NOT COVER ANY REIMBURSEMENT FOR ANYONE'S TIME FOR INSTALLATION, REMOVAL, ASSEMBLY
OR REPAIR. AFS reserves the right to determine the reason or cause for warranty repair.
1. This Warranty does not extend to any engine, machine, aircraft, boat, vehicle or any other device to which the AFS monitoring
system may be connected, attached, or used with in any way.
2. THE REMEDIES AVAILABLE TO THE PURCHASER ARE LIMITED TO REPAIR, REPLACEMENT, OR REFUND OF THE
PURCHASE PRICE OF THE PRODUCT, AT THE SOLE DISCRETION OF AFS. CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, SUCH AS
DAMAGE TO THE ENGINE OR AIRCRAFT, ARE NOT COVERED, AND ARE EXCLUDED. DAMAGES FOR PHYSICAL
INJURY TO PERSON OR PROPERTY ARE NOT COVERED, AND ARE EXCLUDED.
3. AFS is not liable for expenses incurred by the customer or installer due to AFS updates, modifications, improvements,
upgrades, changes, notices or alterations to the product.
4. The pilot must understand the operation of this product before flying the aircraft. Do not allow anyone to operate the
aircraft that does not understand the operation of the monitoring system. Keep the operating manual in the aircraft at all
times.
5. AFS is not responsible for shipping charges or damages incurred during shipment.
6. No one is authorized to assume any other or additional liability for AFS in connection with the sale of AFS products.
7. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO ACCEPT THE TERMS OF THIS WARRANTY, YOU MAY RETURN THE PRODUCT
FOR A FULL REFUND. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO ACCEPT THE TERMS OF THIS WARRANTY, DO NOT
INSTALL THE PRODUCT.
8. This warranty is made only to the original purchaser and is not transferable. THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL
OTHER WARRANTIES OR OBLIGATIONS, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, ORAL ORWRITTEN. AFS EXPRESSLY
DISCLAIMS ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
THE PURCHASER AGREES THAT IN NO EVENT SHALL AFS BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING DAMAGES TO THE ENGINE OR AIRCRAFT, LOST PROFITS, LOSS OF
USE, OR OTHER ECONOMIC LOSS. EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED HEREIN, AFS DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER
LIABILITY TO THE PURCHASER OR ANY OTHER PERSON IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
PERFORMANCE OF AFS' PRODUCTS, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO STRICT PRODUCTS LIABILITY IN
TORT.

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Table of Contents
AF-3400s, AF-3500s, AF-4500s Post Installation Check ___________________________________1
LIMITED WARRANTY / AGREEMENT __________________________________________________3
INTRODUCTION ________________________________________________________________________9
SYSTEM OPERATION ______________________________________________________________10
Power On / Off________________________________________________________________________10
Battery Operation _____________________________________________________________________10
Screen Selection_______________________________________________________________________11
Enable/Disable Pages ___________________________________________________________________________12
Knob List Configuration _________________________________________________________________12
EFIS Flight Display _____________________________________________________________________13
AHRS Alignment (Gyro)__________________________________________________________________________13
Dual AHRS Monitoring __________________________________________________________________________13
Screen Dimming _______________________________________________________________________________14
Barometric Pressure/Altitude_____________________________________________________________________14
Airspeed _____________________________________________________________________________________14
Horizon Roll and Pitch___________________________________________________________________________14
Altitude ______________________________________________________________________________________14
Heading –EFIS DG______________________________________________________________________________15
Skid/Slip Ball (Inclinometer) ______________________________________________________________________15
Standard Rate Turn Indicator _____________________________________________________________________15
Vertical Speed _________________________________________________________________________________15
G-Meter______________________________________________________________________________________15
Flight Path Marker _____________________________________________________________________________16
EFIS Bugs (Airspeed, Altitude, Minimum Alt, Heading) _________________________________________________16
Clock/Timer Operation __________________________________________________________________________17
Angle of Attack (AOA) ___________________________________________________________________________19
EFIS AOA CALIBRATION CHECK LIST ________________________________________________________________21
Synthetic Vision _______________________________________________________________________23
Terrain Awareness and Warning System (TAWS) _____________________________________________________23
Highway in the Sky (HITS) ________________________________________________________________________25
EFIS Navigation (HSI) ___________________________________________________________________27
GPS Navigation Display __________________________________________________________________________28
VOR Navigation Display _________________________________________________________________________30
Internal Flight Planning__________________________________________________________________________32
Autopilot Control / Flight Director ________________________________________________________34
Autopilot / Flight Director Control Settings __________________________________________________________37
The ABOUT Page ______________________________________________________________________41
Moving Map Display ___________________________________________________________________42
Map Features _________________________________________________________________________________42
Map Data Source_______________________________________________________________________________43
Private Airports ________________________________________________________________________________43
Intersections __________________________________________________________________________________43
Zoom Range __________________________________________________________________________________43
Nearest Airport ________________________________________________________________________________43
Direct To Navigation ____________________________________________________________________________43
Airport Info ___________________________________________________________________________________44

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Airspace______________________________________________________________________________________44
Track Mode ___________________________________________________________________________________44
Map Database Files_____________________________________________________________________________45
Traffic Display_________________________________________________________________________46
Zaon XRX _____________________________________________________________________________________47
Garmin GTX-330 _______________________________________________________________________________47
ADS-B Traffic __________________________________________________________________________________47
To prevent seeing yourself called out as traffic (ghosting), connect one of the Serial outputs of the GTX-330
configured as REMOTE + TIS to Pin 33 of the ADS600-B box. Send the following command to the ADS600-B. TXCP
GTX330 ______________________________________________________________________________________47
Garmin GTS-8xx TCAS System ____________________________________________________________________48
Weather Display_______________________________________________________________________49
XM Weather __________________________________________________________________________________50
ADS-B Weather ________________________________________________________________________________52
IFR Approach Plates____________________________________________________________________54
Engine Monitor Display _________________________________________________________________55
Fuel Computer ________________________________________________________________________________55
Fuel Flow Calibration ___________________________________________________________________________56
% Power Display _______________________________________________________________________________57
EGT/CHT Display Modes _________________________________________________________________________59
Flight Times ___________________________________________________________________________________59
Maintenance Log ______________________________________________________________________________61
Weight & Balance Screen ________________________________________________________________________62
Flight Data Logs _______________________________________________________________________63
Importing Flight Data to Excel ____________________________________________________________________63
AF-3400/AF-3500/AF-4500 Installation _______________________________________________64
Mechanical Mounting __________________________________________________________________64
Electrical Connections __________________________________________________________________65
Audio Connections_____________________________________________________________________65
Volume Adjustment ____________________________________________________________________________65
EFIS Serial Data Connections _____________________________________________________________66
Serial Port # Function Hardware Setup _____________________________________________________________66
GPS/NAV # Data Source Software Setup ____________________________________________________________66
EFIS Serial Port Configuration Examples____________________________________________________68
External Device Configuration____________________________________________________________70
AF-ARINC 429 ADAPTOR_________________________________________________________________________70
CO Guardian Display ____________________________________________________________________________70
Garmin 430W/530W____________________________________________________________________________70
ARINC Module Software Updating_________________________________________________________________72
Garmin SL-30__________________________________________________________________________________73
Garmin 396/496 _______________________________________________________________________________73
Garmin GTX 327 / GTX 330 Transponder ____________________________________________________________73
Chelton or OP EFIS _____________________________________________________________________________73
Magnetometer Installation ______________________________________________________________74
Magnetometer Alignment _______________________________________________________________________75
Outside Air Temperature Transducer Installation ____________________________________________75
Alarm Output _________________________________________________________________________75
EGT/CHT Installation ___________________________________________________________________76

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Propeller RPM Sensor Installation ________________________________________________________77
Oil Temperature Sensor Installation _______________________________________________________77
Amp Transducer Installation _____________________________________________________________78
Pressure Transducer Installation__________________________________________________________79
Oil Pressure Transducer Installation _______________________________________________________79
Fuel Pressure Transducer Installation______________________________________________________79
Fuel Flow Transducer Installation _________________________________________________________80
Manifold Pressure Transducer Installation__________________________________________________81
Fuel Tank Level Sensor__________________________________________________________________82
Float Type ____________________________________________________________________________________82
Capacitance Type ______________________________________________________________________________82
Trim & Flap Position Installation__________________________________________________________82
Instrument Calibration ____________________________________________________________83
Airspeed Color Range Settings ___________________________________________________________84
Altimeter Check _______________________________________________________________________84
RPM Calibration _______________________________________________________________________85
Fuel Tank Calibration ___________________________________________________________________85
Trim/Flap Calibration___________________________________________________________________86
Test Audio ___________________________________________________________________________87
Switch Inputs _________________________________________________________________________87
Administrative Settings____________________________________________________________88
System Files___________________________________________________________________________________88
Multiple Screen Setup __________________________________________________________________________89
Dual AHRS Configuration ________________________________________________________________________89
APPENDIX A: Specifications ________________________________________________________91
Physical ______________________________________________________________________________________91
Power Requirements ___________________________________________________________________________91
SD Card ______________________________________________________________________________________91
Clock Battery __________________________________________________________________________________91
Backup Battery ________________________________________________________________________________91
APPENDIX B: Hardware Specificiations _______________________________________________93
AF-4500s Tray Mounting & ARINC Adapter _________________________________________________95
APPENDIX C: Electrical Connections __________________________________________________96
APPENDIX D: Metric Units _________________________________________________________98
APPENDIX E: Software Updates _____________________________________________________99
APPENDIX F: EFIS Activation Keys __________________________________________________100
APPENDIX G: Aerosance FADEC Interface ____________________________________________101
APPENDIX H: Eagle EMS Interface __________________________________________________102
APPENDIX I: AOA Pressure Port Location_____________________________________________103

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APPENDIX J: Troubleshooting _____________________________________________________104
GNS-430W/530W - EFIS - Autopilot - ARINC Interface Troubleshooting _________________________105
APPENDIX K: Vertical Power VP-X/PRO Interface _____________________________________110
APPENDIX L: Flight Director/AF-Pilot Procedures flying an Approach ______________________111
Flying an LPV Approach ________________________________________________________________________111
Flying an ILS Approach _________________________________________________________________________115
APPENDIX M: SCHEMATICS________________________________________________________116
Registration Information _________________________________________________________121
MANUALREVISION HISTORY
REVISION
DATE
DESCRIPTION
6.7
2010
Updated Calibration Menu access
7.0
07/13/10
Updated for new "s" CPU with Synthetic Vision updated
autopilot control
7.1
10/19/10
Updated post-installation checklist
Updated Weather & Traffic features
Updated Trim & Flap indication calibration procedure
Updated autopilot gain settings
7.2
01/05/2011
Updated ADS-B traffic functions
Added several screenshots
Added wiring to prevent ghost traffic
7.3
09/01/2011
Updated ADS-B wiring
Added Appendix H: EagleEMS
Added GTS-8xx TCAS System to Traffic Display section
Added HITS and Internal Flight Plan sections

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INTRODUCTION
Advanced Flight Systems Inc. manufactures three different size EFIS and Engine Monitor systems. The AF-3400 uses a
6.5” display and the AF-3500 and AF-4500 use an 8.4” display. The new “s” CPU systems utilize our new high speed
CPU and support Synthetic Vision. The systems can be purchased as an EFIS only “EF”, Engine Monitor only “EM”, Multi
Function Display “MFD”, or as a single screen with both EFIS and Engine Monitor boards installed “EE”. Multiple systems
can be easily connected to share all data between screens. Install an EFIS “EF” and an Engine Monitor “EM” screen and
you will have the ability to display flight and engine instruments on both screens. Our EFIS Systems utilize
a Crossbow AHRS which is an AFS customized version of the certified Crossbow AHRS500.
WARNING
It is possible for any instrument to fail and display inaccurate readings. Therefore, you must be able to recognize an
instrument failure and you must be proficient in operating your aircraft safely in spite of an instrument failure. If you do not
have this knowledge, contact the FAA or a local flight instructor for training. The ability for this product to detect a problem is directly
related to the pilot’s ability to program proper limits and the pilot’s interpretation and observation skills. The pilot must understand the
operation of this product before flying the aircraft. Do not allow anyone to operate the aircraft that does not know the operation of this
product. A copy of this manual must be kept in the aircraft at all times.
The AF-3400/3500/4500 will automatically turn on any time power is applied to the unit.
NOTE: The system isdesigned to remove a gauge needle from the screen if a transducer isdisconnected.
Each gauge can have an upper and lower caution and warning limit. If a gauge is in the caution area the needle and value
will turn yellow. If a gauge is in the warning area the needle and value will turn red.
If the engine RPM is greater than 500rpm and a gauge is in the warning area the gauge name will be displayed over button
1 in red and an audible warning will generated. For example if the oil pressure is low you should hear “Check Oil
Pressure”, this will repeat every 5 seconds until the gauge is no longer in the warning area or you press button 1 to
acknowledge the error and stop the audible warning for that gauge.
The system will give the audible warning “Check Fuel Computer” on startup if the fuel computer’s gallons remaining value
does not match the fuel tanks level. This feature (if turned on in Instrument Calibration) should warn you if you have added
fuel and forget to adjust the fuel computer. The number of gallons that will generate an error is adjusted in Instrument
Calibrate. Since the fuel levels are NOT accurate when the tanks are near full this value is doubled when the tanks show
full.
See Instrument Calibration for directions on setting the upper and lower caution and warning limits.
SD Card Slot
SD Card ICON
[Left Knob/Button] [Button1] [Button2] [Button3] [Button4] [Button5] [Right Knob/Button]
(AF-4500 Only) (Joystick AF-4500 Only

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Knobs and Buttons
The AF-3400 and 3500 have 5 buttons and one rotary knob with a push button for data input.
The AF-4500 has a left rotary knob, 5 buttons and one rotary/joy stick knob on the right side with a push
button for data input.
SYSTEM OPERATION
Power On / Off
For wiring information see APPENDIX K
Turning the Unit ON
The AF-3400/3500/4500 will turn on anytime power is applied to the Master or Backup power input and will
stay running as long as there is power supplied to one of the inputs. If you have the optional internal battery
the system can be turned on by pressing and holding [Button 1] for 2 seconds.
Turning the Unit OFF
The AF-3400/3500/4500 will turn off when power is removed from the Master and Backup power inputs. If
power is turned off and you have the optional battery installed you will get the following message:
If you press any of the buttons the EFIS will stay on using battery power.
Battery Shutdown
The AF-3400/3500/4500 can be turned off when on battery power by pressing and holding [Button 2],
[Button 3], or [Button 4] for three seconds. The unit will also turn off when on battery power if you do not
have airspeed or RPM for 5 minutes or if the battery drained.
Battery Operation
The optional internal battery is designed to allow the unit to operate in the event of an external power failure.
• The internal battery is a lithium ion battery and is recharged whenever input power is connected.
• When new, a fully charged battery is rated for 1 hour of normal operation. The screen will
automatically dim when running on battery power to help conserve battery life.
If you lose external power in flight and the system is running on the internal battery you should land at the next
available airport. There are many factors that can reduce battery life.
DO NOT ASSUME THAT YOU HAVE ONE HOUR OF BATTERY LIFE.
NEVER TAKE OFF USING BACKUP BATTERY POWER.
When the unit is running on internal battery power a battery status ICON is displayed on the lower right hand
corner of the display.
Low Battery Full Battery

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Screen Selection
You can rotate through the enabled screens on the unit by pressing the [PAGE] button.
EFIS EFIS & EMS
EFIS - EMS - MAP EFIS & MAP
MAP EMS

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Six-Pack Panel Page ("s" CPU) AIR and EMS (non “s” CPU only)
Enable/Disable Pages
You can select what pages are in the screen rotation from the [EFIS] -> [Settings] -> [More] menu by
pressing the <Page List> knob button. The knob is used to enable or disable each item. After selecting the
desired pages be sure and press the [SAVE] button. Some pages on the list may be grayed out if you didn't
purchase those features or disabled them in the Calibration Menu (MAP & VPX).
Knob List Configuration
You can select which items appear on the knob pop up list when you press the
knob button from the [EFIS] -> [Settings] -> [More] -> [Page List] -> [Knob
List] menu. The knob is used to enable or disable each item. After selecting the
desired items be sure and press the [SAVE] button. Some items will appear on
the list on certain pages even when turned off; DIM is always available on the
checklist page, ZOOM is always available on a map page.
The knob pop-up menu selection can be configured for PUSH SEL (press the
knob to select next item in list) or TURN SEL (turn the knob to select item in
list) from the KNOBLIST menu.

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EFIS Flight Display
Magnetic Heading Heading Bug Setting
Current G’s Vertical Speed
Airspeed Bug Setting Altitude Bug Setting
Pitch Angle Standard Rate Turn
Roll Angle
G METER Tape Vertical Speed Tape
True Airspeed Baro Set
Slip Ball Wind
AHRS Alignment (Gyro)
When power is applied to the system the EFIS display will have a large RED X while the AHRS in initializing.
The Aircraft should not be moved until the RED X disappears from the Screen (Approximately 40 seconds).
CAUTION:
If for any reason the RED X appears on the screen the Horizon Attitude, Heading, and Slip display MUST NOT
BE RELIED ON FOR PRIMARY NAVIGATION.
Dual AHRS Monitoring
If you have a dual screen system with two AHRS units you can configure the
screens to monitor both AHRS units. If a screen detects that there is an AHRS
mismatch error in Roll, Pitch, or Heading you will get an AHRS MISMATCH error displayed on the center of
the screen. See Dual AHRS configuration for proper setup.

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Screen Dimming
The screen can be dimmed from the Checklist page by turning the right knob anytime the
word DIM is displayed. If DIM is not displayed press the knob and select DIM from the list.
Barometric Pressure/Altitude
The current barometer setting is displayed in the box below the altitude tape. The
value is shown in either inches of Mercury or millibars. The current barometer setting
can be adjusted by turning the knob anytime the word BARO is displayed. If BARO
is not displayed press the knob until it is displayed. The current field elevation is
stored in memory so that the altitude should be correct on power on.
Airspeed
The airspeed is displayed on the left side of the screen using an analog 4 colored tape and digital
readout. The airspeed range marks can be adjusted in Instrument Calibration under Airspeed. The
airspeed units are displayed in both the upper Indicated Airspeed box and the lower True Airspeed
box. A barber pole style hash will automatically show above Vne.
Horizon Roll and Pitch
The horizon (roll and pitch) works the same way that you would
expect a traditional artificial horizon to work. The white zero pitch line
stays parallel to the actual horizon regardless of the aircrafts pitch and
roll. If you have the new “s” CPU and have the SV enabled you will
notice that the zero pitch line is not always on the horizon. If the
display is showing terrain above the zero-pitch line, your aircraft is
below the upcoming terrain.
The parallel lines above and below the horizon line are the pitch
indicator lines. Similarly the arrow rotating around the roll indicator
gives you visual representation of your current roll angle. Each mark
represents 10 degrees of roll with longer marks at 0, 30, 45, and 60.
The pitch line can be adjusted for level flight from the main EFIS page
by pressing the following buttons [EFIS] -> [SETTINGS] -> [PITCH
ADJ] The right knob is then used to adjust for level flight pitch.
Altitude
The altitude tape gives you a visual representation of your altitude.
The digital readout points to your current altitude, thousands of feet
are displayed using large numbers while hundreds of feet are
displayed using smaller numbers. The green chevrons are located at
1000’ intervals for IFR cruising altitudes and the white chevrons are
located at 500’ indicating VFR cruising altitudes. Above the tape are
two boxes showing the value of the two altitude bugs. The main ALT
bug is for the Flight Director altitude pre-select. It's altitude is shown
in the upper box. The lower box displays altitude for the MIN ALT bug
which is used to program a DH/MDA for an IFR approach.

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Heading –EFIS DG
This heading is displayed like a standard slaved directional gyro.
The digital readout in the pointer shows your current heading. If
the EFIS DG is red, the heading should not be relied on and you
should check the magnetometer wiring.
Skid/Slip Ball (Inclinometer)
The skid/slip ball works like any standard mechanical
gauge. If the ball is within the black lines, then you are in coordinated flight. The ball on the
outside of a turn indicates a skid, while the ball on the inside of a turn indicates a slip.
Standard Rate Turn Indicator
The required bank angle for a standard rate turn is indicated by a white triangle on
the roll scale. If you align the yellow bank angle pointer with one of the white triangles
you should complete a 180º turn in 1 minute. The required bank angle will change
with airspeed and the triangles will disappear below 30 kts.
Vertical Speed
The vertical speed is displayed using a green bar located on the right side of the altimeter tape. The bar
will increase upward for climbing flight and increase downward for descending flight. The digital vertical
speed will be displayed on the top of the gauge in a climb and on the bottom of the gauge for a descent.
G-Meter
The G-Meter is located next to the Airspeed tape. The current G loading will be displayed with a
green bar. The G-Meter options are selected from the following menu:
[EFIS] -> [G METER]
From the G Meter menu you can:
Turn the G Meter On/Off
Reset the G Meter.
The G Meter is limited to +/- 5 G’s and will record the maximum and minimum G’s that
the aircraft has seen since the last time the Reset button was pressed with a green
marker on the scale.

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Flight Path Marker
The green flight path marker (FPM) or velocity vector shows where the aircraft is
actually moving. Think of it as a visual representation of GPS Track. The green
target will only be centered under steady state flight conditions with no wind.
Usually the target will be moving around the display showing where the airplane
is going, not where the nose is pointed. If you have a strong cross wind from the
left you will see the FPM move to the right. If you keep the FPM on the horizon
line you will maintain level flight, even during steep turns. The FPM requires a
valid GPS signal be present and Synthetic Vision enabled. The FPM will be red
if there is no GPS signal or there is not enough room on the screen to show the FPM deviation.
EFIS Bugs (Airspeed, Altitude, Minimum Alt, Heading)
Altitude Bug
The Altitude Bug can be turned on and off from the [EFIS] -> [NAVIGATION] -> [BUGS] -> [ALT]
menu. If the Altitude Bug is on and the text over the knob is <-ALT-> the knob will set the desired
altitude bug location. If the text is not <-ALT-> you should press the knob button until it appears.
Holding the knob down for two seconds will sync the altitude bug to the current altitude. The box on
the top of the altitude tape shows the current bug location and will have a black background when
selected.
Altitude Alerting
The Altitude Alerting function provides visual and voice “ALTITUDE” alerts when approaching the Altitude Bug.
Upon passing through 100 feet of the Selected Altitude, the Altitude Bug changes from White to Yellow
When the aircraft passes within 200 ft of the Selected Altitude, the Altitude Bug changes from Yellow to
Cyan, and the voice alert “ALTITUDE” is generated.
After reaching the Selected Altitude the pilot flies outside of the deviation band (±200 feet of the Altitude
Bug), the Altitude Bug changes from Cyan to Yellow, and the voice alert “ALTITUDE” is generated.
Altitude > 1000’ of Bug 1000’ > Altitude > 200’ of Bug Altitude < 200’ of Bug
Minimum Descent Altitude/Decision Height Bug
A barometric Minimum Descent Altitude Bug (MDA, or Decision Height, DH) is displayed whenever the
altitude bug is turned on. If the MDA Bug is on and the text over the knob is <-MIN ALT-> the knob will set
the desired MDA bug location. If the text is not <-MIN ALT-> you should press the knob button until it appears.
Holding the knob down for two seconds will sync the bug to the current altitude. The second box on the top of the
altitude tape shows the current bug location and will have a black background when selected.
MDA/DH Alerting
The MDA Alerting function provides visual and voice “MINIMUMS”alerts when approaching the Bug.
Upon passing through 100 feet of the Selected Altitude, the Bug changes from Cyan to White.

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After reaching the Selected Altitude the Bug changes from White to Yellow, and the voice alert
“MINIMUMS” is generated.
Altitude > 100’ of MDA Bug 100’ > Altitude > MDA Bug Altitude < MDA Bug “MIMIMUMS”
Airspeed Bug
The Airspeed Bug can be turned on and off from the [EFIS] -> [NAVIGATION] ->
[BUGS] -> [SPD] menu. If the Airspeed Bug is on and the text over the knob is <-SPD->
the knob will set the desired airspeed bug location. If the text is not <-SPD-> you should
press the knob button until it appears. Holding the knob down for two seconds will sync
the airspeed bug to the current airspeed. The box on the top of the airspeed tape shows
the current bug location and will have a black background when selected
Heading Bug
The Heading Bug can be turned on and off from the [EFIS] -> [NAVIGATION] ->
[BUGS] -> [HDG] menu. If the Heading Bug is on and the text over the knob is <-
HDG-> the knob will set the desired heading bug location. If the text is not <-HDG-
>you should press the knob button until it appears. Holding the knob down for two
seconds will sync the heading bug to the current magnetic heading. The text next
to the heading box shows the current bug location and will have a black
background when selected.
The knob and joystick on the AF-4500 can be used as a shortcut for HDG & CRS, ALT
& VS. If the ALT bug is changed and then the joystick is pressed in, the VS function
will automatically become active. If the VS is not changed, the joystick function will
return to normal after 2 seconds. This feature also applies to the left knob. When HDG
is changed, the knob can be pressed within 2 seconds to automatically change the
function to CRS. After 2 seconds of no activity, normal knob functionality will be
restored.
Clock/Timer Operation
The time functions can be accessed from the main screen by pressing the [TIMER] button.
Clock Setting
Press the [CLOCK] then [SET] buttons to enter the date/time adjustment menu. The knob is used to
adjust each field and the knob is pressed to advance to the next field. First set the time in Zulu format,
then the date, and finally the last field is your local time offset.

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Timer Functions
The system has a count-down and count-up timer that is accessed by pressing the [TIMER] button in the
main menu. The timer value is adjusted with the knob and controlled using the buttons:
[START] [STOP] [RESET] [UP/DWN] [ADJ]
The Up or Down mode is displayed with an arrow on the screen. If Count Down mode is selected, the
right knob is used to set the starting time. The timer display will flash green when 0:00 is reached and you
will get the voice alert “TIMER”. The RESET button acts differently based on Timer mode. In Count Down
mode, the RESET button will reset the time to the last programmed time. In Count Up mode, the RESET
button will change the timer to 0:00.
Once the timer is activated it is displayed on the upper left corner of the screen replacing the clock. The
clock can be returned by pressing [TIMER] then [CLOCK] buttons.
Dual Screen Clock Setting
The current time on the other screen can be set by pressing the [NET SYNC] button from the time menu
on the current display. When you press the [NET SYNC] button the time is sent over the Ethernet
connection to the other screen and its clock is set to match the current screen.