Akerstedts FML User manual

In 
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Instructions,Fans
FML,FKL,FAM,FAH
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Theseinstructionsprovideinformationanddocumentation
aboutthetechnologyandcareofthefans.Theyshouldbe
readbyresponsiblepersonnelandservice

2010
MarkusÅkerstedt
ÅkerstedtsVerkstadsAB
2010‐05‐01

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Tableofcontents
FML,FKL,FAM,FAH................................................................................................................................. 3
1.Priortoinstallation.............................................................................................................................. 3
1.2Blow‐offforms............................................................................................................................... 3
Directdrive .......................................................................................................................................... 3
Belt‐drive ............................................................................................................................................. 4
2.Installation.......................................................................................................................................... 4
Set‐upandanchoring .......................................................................................................................... 4
2.1Connectiontoducts ...................................................................................................................... 4
Touchguard......................................................................................................................................... 5
2.3V‐beltdrives .................................................................................................................................. 5
NOTE!Thebeltsmustnotbelubricatedorrosined! .............................................................................. 6
2.4MountingV‐beltpulleys ................................................................................................................ 7
4.Maintenance ....................................................................................................................................... 8
4.1Fan ................................................................................................................................................. 8
4.2Electricmotor ................................................................................................................................ 8
4.3Bearings ............................................................................................................................................. 9
4.4Troubleshooting .............................................................................................................................. 11
5.Otherinstructionsandlimitations.................................................................................................... 11

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InstructionsRadialfans
FML,FKL,FAM,FAH
1.Priorto
installation
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Thisinstructionshouldbereadbyconcerned
personnelpriortocommencingworkwiththe
product.
Therotationaldirectionofthefanisindicatedwithanarrowonthefan
cowl.Designationofthefanisshownonthefantypeplate.Inthosecases
wheretheproductisAtex‐classed,thisshouldbevisibleonthefan
informationplate.Onlytheuserisresponsibleforensuringthattheright
productisappliedfortherightapplicationandintherightenvironment.
Pleaserefertotheorderacknowledgementfororder‐specificinformation.
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WhencontactingÅkerstedtsVerkstadsAB,itisimportantthatthecorrect
designationandlayoutarespecified.
1.2Blowoffforms
Directdrive
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Explanationterm
F=Fan
M=Internalcodeletter
L=Lowpressure(M=
Medium,H=High)
B=Backwardsbent
blades(P=Flat,R=
Radial)
F=Fan
K=Internalcodeletter
L=Lowpressure
B=Backwardsbent
blades(P=flat)
F=Fan
A=Internalcodeletter
M=Mediumpressure(
H=High)
B=Backwardsbent
blades(P=Flat,R=
Radial)
Symbols
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Themarkcanbeseenin
sectionsthatusersofan
Atexclassedproduct
shouldpayspecial
attentionto.

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Beltdrive
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2.Installation
Setupand
anchoring
Allfansaretestedprior
todelivery.
Rotatingpartsinthe
radialfansareboth
staticallyand
dynamicallybalanced.
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Normally,thefansaredeliveredmountedona
steelbase.Formountingonaconcretebase,we
recommendthatthefanbesecuredusing
expansionbolts.
2.1Connectiontoducts
Assemblywithoutvibrationdampers:
ConnectionductsmustNOTplaceastrainonthe
fancowl;itcanbedeformedandcomeinto
contactwiththeimpeller.
Designofblades
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Sleeve
li
Sleeve
li
Pipe connection
Pipe connection
B impeller
P impeller
R impeller

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Assemblywithoutvibrationdampers:
Connectingductsshallbeconnectedonto
flexiblesleevecouplingsoninlets/outletsonthe
fan.
Touchguard
AccordingtotheSwedishOccupationalSafety
andHealthActandTheSwedishBoardof
OccupationalSafetyandHealth,adequate
protectionforrotatingmachineelementsis
required.
Normallyatouchguardforthedrivemechanism
isincludedinthedelivery.Guardsforinletsand
outletsmustbespeciallyordered.Incases
wheretheproductisAtex‐classed,thefanshall
beequippedwithanprotectiveguardtoprevent
objectsfrombeingsuckedintothefan.
2.3Vbeltdrives
2.3.1.Alignment
Checkthattheshaftsareparallel
Checkthatthepulleywheelsdonotrunout
oftrueduringalignment
Thecheckcanbemadeusingaruleror
similarthatisplacedalongthesidesofthe
pulleys.Therulershouldbeincontactwith
theentiresideonboththedrivingandthe
drivenpulley.
Shaft guard
Belt guard
Inlet guard
Check the alignment of the pulley wheels with a ruler
or similar
Correct Incorrect Incorrect Incorrect

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Themaximumangularfaultofthebelt
(measurementAinthefigure,next
page)maynotexceed2.00mmper
shaftdistance
Forashaftdistanceoflessthan
500mm,amaximumangular
misalignmentof1.00mmisallowed
PlaceruleBagainstbothedgesof
pulleywheelC.TurnpulleywheelsC
andDsothemaximumdistanceAis
obtained.
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2.3.2. Beltreplacement
Whenabeltorbeltsinanoperationare
worn,acomplete,newsetofbeltsmustbe
applied.Otherwisethenewbeltswillbe
subjectedtoagreaterloadastheyare
shorterthanthewornbelts.Adjustthe
centredistancesothatthebeltscaneasily
bemanuallyapplied.Underno
circumstancesmaythebeltsbebentdown
intothegroovesusingasharpscrewdriver
ofsimilar.
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NOTE!Thebeltsmustnotbe
lubricatedorrosined!
2.3.3. Belttension
Insufficientlytensionedbeltswillinvolve
ariskforskidding
Over‐tensionedbeltswillinvolvearisk
forbearingdamageinthemotorand
fan.
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IndentationforcePforanarrowheightof
16mm/mdistancebetweenshafts
BeltprofileThesmall
pulleywheel's
D
PNewton(N)
SPZ67‐95
100‐140
10to15
15to20
SPB160‐224
236‐315
35to50
50to65
Checking:Whenhit,thebeltsshouldfeather
slightlyandprovideagoodsenseofresilience.
Theymustnotfeelslackorlifeless.
Thebelttensionshouldbecheckedafter50
hoursofoperation.Themajorpartofbelt
extensionoccursduringthefirsthoursof
operation.
A = max. 2 mm per metre distance between shafts; max. 1.0 mm for
a distance between shafts of less than 500 mm.
16 mm per metre
distance between
Distance

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Belttensionshallalwaysbecheckedin
conjunctionwith:
Thecommissioningofanewfan
Newbeltshavebeenapplied
Alongperiodofstandstill
Every6months
Checkforcorrectbelttensionasfollows:
1. Measurethedistancebetweenshafts
2. MeasuretheforcePthatisrequiredtopressthe
belt16mmcalculatedpermetreofdistance
betweenshafts,perpendiculartothedirection
ofthebeltandapproximatelyinbetweenthe
pulleywheels.Trelleborg'stensiometerora
smallfishscaleisrecommended.Onlyusea
calibratedmeter.
3. Increasethebelttensioniftheforceislessthan
Pinthetable,andviceversa.
4. Recommendedbelttension:0.8*Pmax
Newbeltsshouldbetensionedsothatthe
pressingforceasfaraspossiblecorrespondsto
thehighertablevalue,P,inthetable.
Ineachpulleygear,usebeltswiththesame
nominallength.Makesurethatthepulley
wheelsareflushwitheachother.
Regularcheckingofthebelttensionassures
maximumservicelifeofthebelts.
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2.4MountingVbeltpulleys
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Mounting
Clean and degrease all blank surfaces. Mount the same pulley wheel and
bushing; place the holes.
(2- 3) with half thread aligned with each other, insert the screws loosely.
Push the pulley/bushing unit onto the shaft, align in the appropriate place
and tighten the screws uniformly.
Dismantling
Unscrew the bolts, place one of them in the puller hole, i.e. the hole with a
half thread in the bushing, and tighten it. The bushing will come lose in this
way.
The loose pulley can be pulled off by hand without hitting it.

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4.Maintenance
4.1Fan
Thefollowingmustbecheckedatleastonceper
year:
1.Checkfanbalance.Feelthefancowland
establishthattherearenoabnormalvibrations.
2.Ifthereisdrainage,checkthatthisisnot
clogged.
3.Checkthatanyconnectedflexiblesleeve
couplingsareintact.
4.Fansthatareusedfortransportingmaterial
shouldbecheckedviatheinspectioncover:
cleantheimpellerwhennecessary.
5.Thatthemotordoesnotusemorethan
nominalcurrentandthatthecurrentinthe
phasesisidentical.
4.2Electricmotor
Inspectatleastonceayear!
Bearings:
Listentothebearings.Ifthebearingiscorrect,
aslighthummingsoundshouldbeaudible.
Asqueakingsoundmeansthatthebearinghas
gonedry
Ascrapingorclonkingsoundmeansthatballs
orballraceshavebeendamaged.
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Damagedbearingsmustbereplaced!
Checkthatthemotor'sattachmentsareintact
andthattheretainingscrewsaretightened.
Cleaningatleastonceayear:
Externallythemotormustbekeptcleanfordust,
dirtandoil.Inparticular,cleanthemotor's
coolingfanandgrilleatthebottom.
Cleaningshouldbecarriedoutwithadrying
cloth.Intheeventofseverecontamination,
whitespiritorsimilarcanbeusedasasolvent.
Thereisariskforinternaloverheatingiflayersof
dirtpreventcoolingofthestatorframe.
3.Commissioning
3.1Priortostartup
Checkthefollowingbeforestarting
thefan:
1. Theelectricmotoris
connectedtothecorrect
mainsvoltage
2. Allphasesareconnected
(fusesarewhole)
3. ThatV‐beltshavethecorrect
tension
4. Fanmotorsandbeltdriveare
alignedandanchored
5. Ductsareproperlyattached
andsealedagainstthefan
WITHOUTburdeningthis!
6. Flexiblesleevecouplingsare
correctlyinstalled
7. Toolsorotherobjectshave
notbeenleftinthefan
3.1Afterstartup
Checkthefollowingafterstart‐up:
1. Rotationaldirectionofthe
impeller
2. Thattherearenovibrationsor
dissonantnoises
3. Thatthebearingtemperature
isnormal
4. Thatthemotordoesnotuse
morethannominalcurrent
5. Thatthecurrentinthephases
isofthesamesize

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Lubricationofrollerbearings:
Formotorsuptosize200:Undernormal
operatingconditions,itissufficienttoreplenish
greaseevery3rdyear.
Formotors225andupwards:Thesemotors
havevalvelubricationasstandard.Instructions
areprovidedonaspecialplate.
4.3Bearings
4.3.1Inspection
Bearingsmountedinmachineswhere
stoppagecanhaveseriousconsequences
shouldbeinspectedonaregularbasis.
Lesscriticalbearinglocationswhere
operatingconditionsarenottoo
demandingcanoftenbeleftwithoutany
othersupervisionthannormallubrication.
Checkthatlubricantsarenotleakingout
throughbrokensealsorpoorlytightened
plugs.
Normally,impuritiesdiscolourthe
lubricantmakingitdarker.
Checksealingdevicesinthevicinityof
thebearing.Theyshouldbeinsucha
conditionthathotorcorrosiveliquids,
etc.cannotpenetratetothebearing.
Checkthatanylubricatingautomatics
areworking.
Listentothebearingbyplacinga
woodenstick,screwdriverofsimilartool
againstthebearinghousing.Pressyour
earagainstthetoolandlisten.
oAcorrectbearingemitsasoft,
purringsound.
oAdamagedbearingemitsaharsh
sound,oftenirregularandnoisy.
Checkthetemperatureofthebearing
withathermometer,heatsensitivechalk
orbyfeelingthebearinghousingwith
yourhand.If
thetemperatureseemsabnormallyhighor
changessuddenly,thisisasignofadisruptionin
thefunctionofthebearing.

Cause:
oLackoflubricant
oToomuchlubricant
oImpurities
oOverloading
oBearingdamage
oSlightplayinbearing
oPinching
oFrictioninseals
oHeatsuppliedfromsurroundings



Greasereplacement:
Whenreplacinggrease,thebearinghousingmust
beopenedandcleanedofoldgreaseandsoap
residue,whicharedecompositionproductsof
grease,beforenewgreasecanbeapplied.
NOTE!Afterlubrication,thereis
oftenacompletelynatural
increaseintemperaturethat
canremainfor2448hours.
Listen!
Check the belt
temperature!
Observe!

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4.3.2Typeoflubricationandquantity
Recommendedlubricantsare:GreaseSKFLGEP2
Itisveryimportantthatthecorrectlubricantis
usedandthattheamountoflubricantadheres
totherecommendationsbyÅkerstedtsoneach
occasion.Overfillingcanresultinasevererisein
bearingtemperatureresultinginthe
decompositionofthelubricant.
4.3.3Lubricationinterval
FMLhasbearingsthatareonlygreasedonce.
Othersshouldbegreasedaccordingtotable1.
Thetablesapplyfornormalloadandabearing
temperatureof70°C(measuredatouterring)
Atatemperatureabove70°C:
Reducethelubricationintervalbyhalfforeach
temperatureincreaseby+15°C.NOTE!Naturally,
themaximumpermittedtemperatureofthe
greasemustnotbeexceeded.
Atatemperaturebelow70°C:
Extendthelubricationintervalsbyuptotwice
thevalueswhentheoperatingtemperatureis
lowerthan+50°C.Thepermittedlengthofthe
lubricationintervalcanvarygreatlyfordifferent
typesofgreaseeveniftheseseemtobevisibly
similar.
Type of fan Recommended
lubrication interval in
operating hours at
different rotational
speeds *)
Amount of
lubricant
FKL
(B,P,R) 5,000 3,000 hours gram
90 <800 800-1,450 10
100 <750 750-1,300 10
112 <700 700-1,150 10
125 <650 650-1,050 15
140 <600 600-900 rpm 20
Table1:*)Thelubricationintervalforthistypeoffan
appliesforbearingsonthedriveside.Bearingsattheinlet
areonlylubricatedonce.

Type of fan Recommended lubrication interval in operating hours at different
rotational speeds Lubricant quantity
FAM (B,P,R) FAH (B,P,R) 3,000 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 350 hours gram
012-016 <5,000 5,000-6,000 6,000-7,500 10
020-025 010-012 <2,700 2,700-3,500 3,500-5,500 5,500-6,500 10
031-031 025-025 <1,800 1,800-2,000 2,000-2,500 2,500-4,000 4,000-4,800 10
040-040 031-031 <1,500 1,500-1,800 1,800-2,200 2,200-3,200 3,200-3,800 15
050-071 040-040 <1.400 1,400-1,700 1,700-2,000 2,000-2,700 2,700-3,000 20
080-090 050-071 <1,300 1,300-1,400 1,400-1,700 1,700-2,400 20
100-112 <1,100 1,100-1,300 rpm 30

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4.4Troubleshooting
Disruption Possible cause Action
Abnormal load. Change in fit, play
or pre-tension.
Incorrect mounting. Check installation and alignment
Deficient lubrication or dirt in bearing Refill or change lubricant.
Loud metallic
sound Wrong bearing version Change to silent running bearings, alternatively
bearings with less play
Slipping rolling elements. Correct pre-tension, select bearing with
less play alternatively Softer grease.
Contact with rotating parts Adjust labyrinth seal
The impeller is in contact with the inlet
cone. If possible, balance the impeller, shaft
Rust or scratches on the runways. Replace bearing, clean, improve seals,
Regularly use clean lubricant.
loud sound Indentations in rolling elements. Replace bearing.
Scaling on runways. Replace bearing.
Excessive bearing play Change fitting, play, pre-tension.
Irregular Stamping through foreign particles. Replace bearing, clean, improve seals,
sound Damage to design. use clean lubricant.
Scratches or rolling element damage. Replace bearing.
Too much lubricant Reduce the amount of lubricant,
use a weaker grease.
To little lubricant, Refill or alternatively change lubricant.
Abnormal Or dirt in the bearing. Inspect the bearing.
temperature increase Abnormal load. Check fit, play
pre-tension.
Incorrect mounting Check installation and alignment.
Slipping between fitting surfaces, Check seals, replace bearing,
excessive sealing friction change the fit.
Indentations in rolling elements. Replace bearing.
Scaling on runways. Replace bearing.
Vibrations. Incorrect mounting, imbalance. Check angular deviations shaft/
bearing housing and contact surfaces
of spacer rings. Check balancing.
Penetration of foreign particles. Replace bearing, clean. Improve seals.
Too much lubricant, penetrating
of foreign particles, wear.
Loss of lubricant
or discolouring
of lubricant
Reduce amount of lubricant,
use more solid grease, replace bearing housing
contact parts.
5.Otherinstructionsandlimitations
Theambienttemperatureshouldbebetween‐20°Cand+40°C.


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Thefan'soperatingpositionis
specifiedintheorder
acknowledgement.Anydeviation
fromthismayonlytakeplaceafter
advicefromÅkerstedts.
IntheeventtheproductisAtex‐
classed:
oThegastemperaturemaynot
exceed+70°C.
oThefanmustbefittedwith
protectiveearth.
oTemperatureclassT5applies;
maximumoutertemperature
+100°C.