AVCOMM AP100-LM User manual

AVCOMM Technologies Inc.
333 West Loop North, Suite 460 Houston, TX 77024, USA｜inf[email protected]｜www.avcomm.us
AVCOMM LoRa I/O Device
LoRa Master Controller
AP100-LM/AP200-LM
LoRa End Node Device
AP144-LC/AP140-LR
User Manual

AVCOMM Technologies Inc.
333 West Loop North, Suite 460 Houston, TX 77024, USA｜inf[email protected]｜www.avcomm.us
AVCOMM Technologies Inc.
LoRa I/O Device
LoRa Master Controller
AP100-LM/AP200-LM
LoRa End Node Device
AP144-LC/AP140-LR
User Manual
Copyright Notice
© AVCOMM. All rights reserved.
About This Manual
This user manual is intended to guide a professional installer to install and configure the gateway. It
includes procedures to assist you in avoiding unforeseen problems.
NOTE:
Only qualified and trained personnel should be involved with installation, inspection, and repairs of this
gateway.
Disclaimer
Avcomm reserves the right to make changes to this Manual or to the product hardware at any time without
notice. Information provided here is intended to be accurate and reliable. However, it might not cover all
details and variations in the equipment and does not claim to provide for every possible contingency met
in the process of installation, operation, or maintenance. Should further information be required, or should
particular problem arise which are not covered sufficiently for the user’s purposes, the matter should be
referred to Avcomm. Users must be aware that updates and amendments will be made from time to time
to add new information and/or correct possible unintentional technical or typographical mistakes. It is the
user’s responsibility to determine whether there have been any such updates or amendments of the
Manual. Avcomm assumes no responsibility for its use by the third parties.
Avcomm Online Technical Services
At Avcomm, you can use the online service forms to request the support. The submitted forms are stored
in server for Avcomm team member to assign tasks and monitor the status of your service. Please feel
free to write to www.avcomm.us if you encounter any problems.

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Content
1Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 1
2Product Specification ...................................................................................................................... 1
2.1 Specification – AP100-LM /AP200-LM/ AP144-LC.................................................................... 1
2.2 Specification - AP140-LR........................................................................................................... 4
3System Appearance & Connector description ............................................................................. 5
4Hardware Installation....................................................................................................................... 6
4.1 DIN Rail Installation ................................................................................................................... 6
4.2 Power Wiring.............................................................................................................................. 7
4.3 Analog Input Wiring ................................................................................................................... 7
4.4 Analog Voltage Output Wiring ................................................................................................... 8
4.5 PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) Output..................................................................................... 9
4.6 RS-485 Wiring ......................................................................................................................... 10
5LoRa Utility Configuration ............................................................................................................ 11
5.1 Connects LoRa device with LoRaUtility ...................................................................................11
5.2 Serial Port Configuration – AP100-LM, AP144-LC, AP140-LR ............................................... 15
5.3 Group Net – AP100-LM, AP200-LM and AP144-LC ............................................................... 16
5.4 LoRa (LoRa MAC Transmission Technology) – AP100-LM/AP200-LM/AP144-LC ................ 17
5.5 LoRaWan-AP140-LR only ....................................................................................................... 19
5.6 I/O – AP100-LM/AP144-LC/AP140-LR.................................................................................... 21
5.7 RF ............................................................................................................................................ 22
5.8 RTU.......................................................................................................................................... 22
5.9 Rule Chain – AP200-LM IO mapping with LC ......................................................................... 24
5.10 Chain Monitor – AP200-LM ..................................................................................................... 26
5.11 Event Log – AP200-LM............................................................................................................ 27
5.12 DMA – AP144-LC..................................................................................................................... 27
6LC/LM - ModBus RTU Protocol (Register Control Table) .......................................................... 29
7AP140-LR- Data Parsing................................................................................................................ 32
t

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1 Overview
The LM LoRa Master Controller and LC LoRa End-Node utilizes the latest Low Power Wide Area
(LPWA) technology to build Modbus/RTU communication for long-distance, wide-coverage, and low
power consumption wireless IoT applications.
Multiple analog inputs and outputs are supported in AP144-LC, such as voltage inputs and outputs,
current inputs and outputs, PWM output and one RS-485 port for Modbus RTU slave. One AP100-
LM RS485 Modbus RTU can connect to 250pcs AP144-LC LoRa end nodes for two-way
communications where field site analog signals are sent from AP144-LC and controlled by AP100-
LM.
The AP140-LR support LoRaWAN protocol, and also utilizes LPWA technology to build one-way, long-
distance communication coverage with LoRa WAN Cloud Gateway for filed RS-485 RTU slave device
connect with IoT Cloud Service.
Although the radio transmission technology is same, the AP100-LM, AP200-LMand AP144-LC are
utilized proprietary protocol based on LoRa MAC and different with AP140-LR standard LoRa WAN
protocol.
The LoRa wireless distance can reach up to 3-6KM distance depending on the environment.
The AP100-LM/AP144-LC offers great flexibility in wireless IoT applications, such as LED light control,
environment sensors and meters reading for Smart City Applications such as Lighting, Smart Farming,
Smart Environment Monitor, etc.
2 Product Specification
Model and features listed in the table below:
Feature Model
AP100-LM
AP200-LM
AP144-LC
AP140-LR
LoRa MAC Transparent
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
LoRa WAN Technology
No
No
No
Yes
RS 485, 2-Wire
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
LoRa RTU 485 /Slave
Yes, x1
No
No
No
LoRa RTU 485 /Host
No
No
Yes , x1
Yes, x1
Analog Input
No
No
Yes
Yes
Analog Output
No
No
Yes
No
PWM Output
No
No
Yes
No
2.1 Specification – AP100-LM /AP200-LM/ AP144-LC

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Wireless Specification
Frequency
Supports 2 Models- 900Mhz, 400Mhz for different region.
(the available frequency may limited by different country’s law)
Wireless
Technology
Low Power Wide Area – LoRa MAC Technology
Radio TX Power
22dBm (Maximum). The launch power may be limited by country’s law.
Radio RX Sensitivity
- 148dBm, SF=12 @ 250bps
Spreading Factor
SF5/SF6/SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF12, Default SF7
Remote Configurable by ModBus RTU / Register writing command or
configured through USB interface by LoRa Utility (Contact your sales for
Utility tool)
Demodulator SNR
LoRa Demodulator Signal to Noise Ratio: -2.5dB ~ -20dB
Operating Mode
Modbus protocol over the Air (LoRa MAC Transparent Transmission) with
configurable Echo time and retransmission technology
Forwarding Data
Buffer
256Bytes FIFO Data Buffer for LoRa signal transmission
Data Encryption
128bits AES with configurable key
Management
System
Management
1 x Micro USB 2.0 port for system configuration
Software Utility
Windows© Based Utility
Remote
Management
Remote Configure by Modbus RTU/ Read/Write Command
I/O Interface
Antenna Connector
1x 50 ohm, Female SMA
Serial Interface
2-wires RS-485 Terminal Connector with 1kv isolation
Connector Type: Removable Terminal Connector
Supported Model: AP100-LM (Slave), AP144-LC(Host)
Serial Parameters
Baud Rate: 1200bps,2400bps, 4800bps, 9600bps
Data Bits: 8
Parity Check: None, Even, Odd
Stop Bit: 1,2
Current Input
2 Channels
Detection Range: 4-20mA

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Accuracy Level: 0.3%
Voltage Input
2 Channels
Detection Range: 0~10 V
Accuracy Level: 0.2%
Current Output
1 Channel
Output Range: 4-20mA @ Typical 24V Power Input
Accuracy Level: 0.3%
Voltage Output
1 Channel
Output Range: 0.03~10V
Output Type: Open Collect (O.C.) / Push-Pull (Internal Jumper setting) -
Accuracy Level: 0.2%, Full Scale (F.S.)
PWM Output
Frequency: 100Hz~1KHz with 0.2% Duty-Cycle Accuracy
Output Type-1: 5V, 200mA (Max)
Output Type-2: Open Collect (O.C.), 10V /200mA (Max)
System Indication
LED
Power (On): System Power applied
LoRa (Blinking): LoRa RF Signal on Communication
Power Requirement
Input Rating
Typical DC 24V, Rating: 10~30V
3-Pins Removable Terminal Connector for V+ ,Com and Earth Ground
Reverse Protection
Yes
Power
Consumption
AP100-LM/AP200-LM: 1 Watt @ DC 24V power input
AP144-LC: 3 Watts (Max) @ DC 24V power input
Mechanical
Installation
DIN Rail Mount
Enclosure Material
UL94v0, ABS, Anti- U/V
Ingress Protection
IP 40
Dimension
26(D) x 102.5 (H) x 72 mm (W) / with wall mounting clip
Weight
115g
Environmental
Operating
Temperature
-40°C~75°C, 0% ~ 90%, Non-Condensing

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Storage
Temperature
-40°C~80°C, 0% ~ 90%, Non-Condensing
Reliability & Warranty
MTBF
>20000 Hours
Warranty
5 Years
Standards
EMC
Compliance with IEC / EN61000-6-2, IEC/ EN61000-6-4 (Note-1)
EMI
Electromagnetic Immunity: CISPR 22, FCC part 15B Class A (Note-1)
EMS
Electromagnetic Suspension:
IEC 61000-4-2 ESD
IEC 61000-4-3 RS
IEC 61000-4-4 EFT
IEC 61000-4-5 Surge
IEC 61000-4-6 CS
IEC 61000-4-8 Pulse Magnetic Field
Note: 1. Compliance standards.
2.2 Specification - AP140-LR
Wireless Specification
Frequency
Supports 2 Models- 900Mhz, 400Mhz for different region.
(the available frequency may limited by different country’s law)
Wireless
Technology
Low Power Wide Area – LoRa WAN Technology
Radio TX Power
22dBm (Maximum). The launch power may be limited by country’s law.
Radio RX Sensitivity
- 148dBm, SF=12 @ 250bps
Spreading Factor
SF5/SF6/SF7/SF8/SF9/SF10/SF12, Default SF7
Demodulator SNR
LoRa Demodulator Signal to Noise Ratio: -2.5dB ~ -20dB
Operating Mode
RTU 485: Modbus protocol over the Air (LoRa WAN Transmission) with
configurable RTU Device / Register Address
Analog Input: Pre-defined Current / Voltage interface
Forwarding Data
Buffer
256Bytes FIFO Data Buffer for LoRa signal transmission

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Data Encryption
128bits AES with configurable key
Management
System
Management
1 x Micro USB 2.0 port for system configuration
Software Utility
Windows© Based LoRa Utility
I/O Interface
Antenna Connector
1x 50 ohm, Female SMA
Serial Interface
2-wires RS-485 Terminal Connector with 1kv isolation
Connector Type: Removable Terminal Connector
Supported Model: AP140-LR(Host)
Serial Parameters
Baud Rate: 1200bps,2400bps, 4800bps, 9600bps
Data Bits: 8
Parity Check: None, Even, Odd
Stop Bit: 1,2
Current Input
2 Channels
Detection Range: 4-20mA
Accuracy Level: 0.3%
Voltage Input
2 Channels
Detection Range: 0~10 V
Accuracy Level: 0.2%
System Indication
LED
Power (On): System Power applied
LoRa (Blinking): LoRa RF Signal on Communication
Power Requirement
Input Rating
Typical DC 24V, Rating: 10~30V
3-Pins Removable Terminal Connector for V+, Com and Chassis Earth Ground
Reverse Protection
Yes
Power
Consumption
AP140-LR: 3 Watts @ DC 24V power input
3 System Appearance & Connector description
The LM, LC and LR utilize same enclosure with one 3-pin terminal connector for system power and
earth grounding. The other 10-pin connector is I/O access. The detail assignment will show in the
following table.

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I/O Channel #
AP100-LM/AP200-LM
AP144-LC
AP140-LR
0
Not Available
V-in: 0~10V, Positive
V-in: 0~10V, Positive
1
Not Available
I-in: 4~20mA, Positive
I-in: 4~20mA, Positive
2
Not Available
V-in: 0~10V, Positive
V-in: 0~10V, Positive
3
Not Available
I-in: 4~20mA, Positive
I-in: 4~20mA, Positive
4
Not Available
I-out:4~20mA, Positive
Not Available
5
Not Available
V-out:0~10V, Positive
Not Available
6
Not Available
PWM-out: 5V, Positive
Not Available
7
Not Available
PWM-out: 10V Positive
Not Available
RS-485A
RTU Slave mode (AP100-LM)
Not Available (AP200-LM)
RTU Host mode
RTU Host mode
RS-485B
RTU Slave mode (AP100-LM)
Not Available (AP200-LM)
RTU Host mode
RTU Host mode
Note: The analog input/ output Com (negative) is share with Power Input “Com”.
4 Hardware Installation
4.1 DIN Rail Installation
The AP100-LM/AP200-LM, AP144-LC and AP140-LR support DIN Rail installation, insert the upper
end of the DIN-Rail clip into the back of the DIN-Rail track from its upper side and lightly push the
bottom of the DIN-Rail clip into the track. The DIN Rail should comply with DIN EN50022 standard.
Using wrong DIN rail may cause unsafe installation.
Power Connector
•V+, COM, Earth Ground
USB Interface
SMA Antenna Socket
IP-40 Plastic Housing
I/O Connector –10
Table 3-1

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4.2 Power Wiring
The system power input range supports DC 10~30V. It is recommended apply AC/DC Switching type
power supply with DC 24V/1.5A output for the main power source.
The Following diagram shows how to wiring the power system from AC/DC Switching Power Supply
During the power wiring, please turn-off the AC power input, and make sure the Earth Ground is
well connected with Switching Power Supply module, LoRa Device and Earth Grounding System for
noise immunity.
4.3 Analog Input Wiring
The AP144-LC and AP140-LR support 2 Types of Analog Input, 4~20mA and 0~10V with 3‰ accuracy.
The Analog Input function is available for AP144-LC and AP140-LR. About the definition of channel
type, please refer to Table 3-1, Chapter-3.
Both of AP144-LC and AP140-LR adopted 12bits A/D converter with 3‰ accuracy for the industrial
IoT filed site application.
Diagram 4.2-1

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4.4 Analog Voltage Output Wiring
The Analog output provides 0~10V voltage output open collect (O.C.) driven mode, and 4~20mA
current output.
The analog voltage output supports output range from zero to 10 volts with push-pull or external
O.C. mode for Far-End device internal pull-high application.
Push-Pull mode: Internal pull high resistor and connected to Power Input V+, and output current up
to 200mA.
O.C. mode: External pull high by far-end connected device where the control input circuit adopted
resistor and connected to internal power.
Jumper
Channel #
Location
O.C. – Ext. Pull-High
Push-Pull. Internal
Pull-High (No Ext. R)
JP8
CH-7 (PWM 10V)
Nearby CH-7
1-2 Short (Default)
2-3 Short
JP6
CH-6 (PWM 5V)
Nearby CH-6
1-2 Short
2-3 Short (Default)
JP9
CH-5 (Vout)
Nearby CH-5
1-2 Short (Default)
2-3 Short
There are 4 jumpers located at PCBA top side as following drawing.
Change the JP8, JP6 and JP9 for output mode change, and the JP1 is for firmware upgrade.
Diagram 4.3-1

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CH-5 Voltage Output (0~10V) – JP9
The Push-pull output current up to 200mA, and the O.C. mode depends on the connected device
internal pull-high resistance. Change the position of JP9 for mode changes. In push-pull mode, the
output voltage should lower than Power input voltage. Since, the internal circuit is connected with
system power.
4~20mA Current Output: the current output control is commonly used at linear control system, like
as electrical valve control applied for oil/liquid control system.
The I-out (CH4) wiring refers to Diagram 4.4-2.
4.5 PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) Output
CH-6 PWM 5V Output – JP6
The CH-6 default is PWM 5V output with certain duty-cycle and operating in push-pull mode. Once,
the jumper change to O.C. mode the output voltage will refer to the connected device internal
voltage, the limited voltage is 30V.
CH-7 PWM 10V Output – JP8
The CH-7 default is PWM 10V output with certain duty-cycle and operating in push-pull mode. Once,
the jumper change to O.C. mode the output voltage will refer to the connected device internal
voltage, the limited voltage is 30V.
Theory of PWM Duty-Cycle Control
Diagram 4.4-2
1 2 3
JP9
JP6
JP8
1 2 3
JP1

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The PWM control uses constant voltage as output, and adjusts the duty cycle to control the PWM
dimmer output.
In the diagram 4.5-1, the output voltage is 10V, modulate the On/Off duty cycle, and the end control
device internal get voltage will be “Full-Volt x Duty Cycle %”.
Example: Full _Output = 10V
50% Duty Cycle, the End Control Device measured 5V, 75% get 7.5V and so on.
4.6 RS-485 Wiring
The LM, LC and LR have equipped one isolated 2-wire RS-485 serial interface for long distance
communication. The baud-rate support 1200bps, 2400bps, 4800bps and 9600bps, it is configured
by LoRa Node Utility that download from AVCOMM support Web site.
The RS-485 HOST mode is supported in LC and LR model, and SLAVE mode only for AP100-LM.
10vin power V
5V
7.5V
2.5V
Diagram 4.6-1

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The diagram 4.6-1 show the AP100-LM connects with Host Device, such as HMI, PLC system, and the
diagram 4.6-2 show the AP144-LC, AP140-LR connect with RTU Sensors.
5 LoRa Utility Configuration
The LoRa Node device must configure before installed on the filed-site, the LoRa Utility could be
down-load from the website: www.avcomm.us
Connects the LoRa device with computer and power reset the LoRa device, then the LoRa device will
into configure mode when detected the USB mode change. During the configuration mode, all of
new system settings will not effective until next power reset.
5.1 Connects LoRa device with LoRaUtility
The LoRa Utility is un-installed, ensure the LoRa node device have powering on, connecting with PC
via USB cable before execute the Utility – “ LoRaUtility.exe”.
The Utility main screw show as below diagram “ 5.1-1 Full Function TAB”
Diagram 4.6-2

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Click “COM” and select the USB mapping com port number. Diagram 5.1-2
Clicks the “Tools”, selects the “Options” for PC USB/Serial setting. The default parameter is Non
parity check, 115200bps, 8 Data bits, 1 Stop bit (115200, N, 8, 1), the response time out is 1000ms,
and retry number is 1. After new parameters setting, click “Apply” to apply the setting.
It is recommend does not modify these parameters. The AP100-LM/AP200-LM/AP144-LC/AP140-LR
supports USB COM port baud rate auto sensing.
Diagram 5.1-3, 5.1-4
Diagram 5.1-2
Diagram 5.1-1 Full Function TAB

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Click the “Connect” icon, the login dialog will pop up for user name and password input. Diagram
5.1-5
Default User Name and Password is “admin”
System Settings for version, S/N, TimeStamp, Output value Hold configure and Username,
Password modification.
Clicks the “Tools” and select the “Setting” for those parameters setting.
Click “Apply” icon to apply the new setting, then warning dialog will pop up to make sure perform
new setting. Click “Yes” to apply it. Diagram 5.1-5
Diagram 5.1-3
Diagram 5.1-4
Diagram 5.1-5

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Character Length is 16Bytes for username and password.
Once login the LoRa Node system, the utility will show the connective device model and the COM
port information. Meanwhile, it will present available function TAB for different model. For the easy
understanding, the function TAB listed in table as following Table 5.1-1 for different product series.
In addition, AP100-LM support RS485 read / write parameters

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Function TAB
AP100-LM
AP200-LM
AP144-LC
AP140-LR
Note
Serial
Modbus Slave
N/A
Modbus Host
Modbus Host
Group Net
Yes
Yes
Yes
N/A
LoRa
Yes
Yes
Yes
N/A
LoRaWan
N/A
N/A
Not Available
Yes
I/O
N/A
N/A
Yes
Analog Input
RF
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
RTU
N/A
N/A
Yes
Yes
Rule Chain
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
IO Mapping
Chain Monitor
N/A
Yes
N/A
N/A
Event Log
N/A
Yes
N/A
N/A
5.2 Serial Port Configuration – AP100-LM, AP144-LC, AP140-LR
The AP100-LM/ AP144-LC/ AP140-LR support one RS-485 serial interface with different Modbus
mode. Following table shows the Modbus mode information for each model.
Channel #
AP100-LM
AP144-LC
AP140-LR
RS-485A
RTU Slave mode
RTU Host mode
RTU Host mode
RS-485B
RTU Slave mode
RTU Host mode
RTU Host mode
The Serial RS485 Configuration Page is for Serial communication parameter setting.
Click “Read “to download device’s internal setting, and “Write” to set new parameters into device.
The LM/LC should give independent Device Modbus Address. The LM’s Modbus address also is the
Group ID for LM/LC LoRa MAC Net Grouping.
Baud Rate: 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 bps
Data bit: 8 bit
Parity Check: No, Even, Odd
Stop bit: 1, 2bit
Table 5.1-1
Table 5.2-1

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Device Modbus Address: the Modbus address ID range supports from 1 to 250. The Modbus
Address should not same as other device which belong same LoRa MAC communication group, it
includes HMI, PLC on RS485 main communication bus, and other RTU devices connected under
AP144-LC.
5.3 Group Net – AP100-LM, AP200-LM and AP144-LC
Group Net Parameters – establish a wireless communication group that deploys LoRa MAC
technology. Click “Read” to read current parameter and click” Write” to write new parameters into
system.
Diagram 5.2-1
Diagram 5.3-1

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GroupOwner ID: It is only for LoRa Controller -LC, and LM is not allows perform read and write. The
Group Owner ID is the Modbus ID address of AP100-LM or AP200-LM. The LoRa Controller –LC
recognize LoRa packet received and send to Group Net owner (LM) will utilize this Group Owner ID
(LM’s Modbus ID). With wrong Group Owner ID setting will cause communication malfunction. As
the net grouping theory, the LC devices with same Modbus ID address will not communicate with
wrong LM. Since, each LC has its own Group Net Owner.
AES On/Off: Enable, Disable the encryption of Lora transmission. The encryption key of LM and LC
should be same.
AES Key: the encryption key for LM and LC. Key length supports 16bytes.
The LM and LC which are in same LoRa MAC transmission group should be applied with same AES
Key for Data encryption.
Response Time Out: Set the timeout time for each communication between LM and LC.
As the LPWAN LoRa wireless technology, it does not guaranty the reliability of LoRa Communication.
As this resulting, the LM and LC deployed ECHO mechanism to make sure the successful of
communication. During the time-out period, LM will re-transmit until out of time. If the Upper layer
Modbus RTU Host (HMI, PLC controller) request busy and the AP100-LM can’t establish
communication with LC, then the Modbus Data may be dropped. However, the Modbus protocol
also specifies the re-polling and waiting timer mechanism for the real filed-site application if far-end
Modbus slave in busy.
Destination ID: This setting is only for LC that has connected to Modbus RTU slave device. Those
Modbus RTU slave devices have independent Modbus Device Address.
Click and Select the Address for Modbus RTU slave Devices which are installed with LC or LR.
Click “Read” to download the RTU Modbus slave device’s ID that storage in the LC or LR, and “Write”
to write new RTU slave device’s ID into LC.
5.4 LoRa (LoRa MAC Transmission Technology) – AP100-LM/AP200-LM/AP144-LC
The LoRa setting page is the configure page for LoRa transmission parameters about Radio frequency,
Bandwidth, Spreading Factor, Code Rate and the Transmit power. Click “Read” to down load previous
setting, and “Writing” to keep new settings into AP100-LM and AP144-LC.
This setting page is not available for AP140-LR. Since, AP140-LR follows LoRaWAN standard protocol,
AP140-LR will auto search and negotiate with LoRaWAN Gateway.
The LoRa Transmission parameters of AP100-LM and AP144-LC should be same for the successful
LoRa communication.
After all of setting is done, Click “Write” to apply new parameters into device, and “Read’ for current