Blancett B2800 Standard User manual

Flow Monitor
B2800 Advanced
DSY-PM-00286-EN-03 (October 2015) User Manual

Flow Monitor, B2800 Advanced
Page ii October 2015DSY-PM-00286-EN-03

CONTENTS
Scope of This Manual � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 5
Unpacking and Inspection � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 5
Safety � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 5
Terminology and Symbols� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 5
Considerations � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 5
Introduction� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 6
Operating the Monitor � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 7
Buttons� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 7
Modes � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 7
Programming � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 8
Programming Mode � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 8
Return to Run Mode � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 13
Run Mode � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 13
Additonal Scaling Parameters � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 14
Flow 4 mA Setting� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 14
Flow 20 mA Setting � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 14
4…20 mA Calibration � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 15
4…20 mA Test � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 15
Battery Replacement � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 15
Additional Input Options � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 16
Additional Scaling Information� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 17
Pulse Output Signals for Linear Processes � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 17
Pulse Output Signals for Non-linear Processes � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 19
Default K-factor Values � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 20
User Manual
Page 3October 2015 DSY-PM-00286-EN-03

Installation Drawing� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 21
Battery Powered � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 21
Loop Powered � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 22
Troubleshooting Guide� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 23
Part Number Information � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 23
Specications � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 24
Replacement Parts� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 25
Mounting Options and Dimensions� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 26
Meter Mount � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 26
Remote Mount � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 26
Swivel Mount� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 27
Flow Monitor, B2800 Advanced
Page 4 October 2015DSY-PM-00286-EN-03

Scope of This Manual
SCOPE OF THIS MANUAL
This manual is intended to help you get the B2800 flow monitor up and running quickly�
MPORTANTI
Read this manual carefully before attempting any installation or operation. Keep the manual
accessible for future reference.
UNPACKING AND INSPECTION
Upon opening the shipping container, visually inspect the product and applicable
accessories for any physical damage such as scratches, loose or broken parts, or any other
sign of damage that may have occurred during shipment�
OTE:NIf damage is found, request an inspection by the carrier’s agent within 48 hours of
delivery and file a claim with the carrier� A claim for equipment damage in transit
is the sole responsibility of the purchaser�
SAFETY
Terminology and Symbols
Indicates a hazardous situation, which, if not avoided, could result in
severe personal injury or death�
Considerations
The installation of the B2800 monitor must comply with all applicable federal, state, and
local rules, regulations, and codes�
EXPLOSION HAZARD - SUBSTITUTION OF COMPONENTS MAY IMPAIR SUITABILITY FOR
CLASS I, DIVISION 2.
AVERTISSMENT
RISQUE D’EXPLOSION - LA SUBSTITUTION DE COMPOSANTS PEUT RENDRE
CEMATÉRIEL INACCCEPTABLE POUR LES EMPLACEMENTS DE CLASSE I, DIVISION 2.
DO NOT CONNECT OR DISCONNECT EITHER POWER OR OUTPUTS UNLESS THE AREA IS
KNOWN TO BE NON-HAZARDOUS.
AVERTISSMENT
RISQUE D’EXPLOSION. NE PAS DÉBRANCHER TANT QUE LE CIRCUIT EST SOUSTENSION,
À MOINS QU’LL NE S’AGISSE D’UN EMPLACEMENT NON DANGEREUX.
MPORTANTI
Not following instructions properly may impair safety of equipment and/or personnel.
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Introduction
INTRODUCTION
The B2800 flow monitor is a state-of-the-art digital signal processing flow monitor designed
to provide exceptional flexibility at a very affordable price� Though designed for use with
Blancett flow meters, this display can be used with almost any flow meter producing a low
amplitude AC output or contact closure signal�
This flow monitor is capable of accepting a low level frequency input for calculating
flow rate and total� These calculations can then be displayed in the specified units of
measurement� All B2800 flow monitors are pre-programmed at the factory, if ordered with
a Blancett flow meter� If required, however, the monitor can easily be reconfigured in
the field�
The monitor’s large 8-digit by 0�75 in� (19 mm) numeric liquid crystal display makes
extended range viewing practical� The second 8-digit by 0�38 in� (9 mm) alphanumeric
display provides for selectable units viewing in RUN mode and prompts for variables in
PROGRAM mode� You can display rate or total, or alternate between rate and total�
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Operating the Monitor
OPERATING THE MONITOR
Programming
Keys
Mode
Indicator
Units Display
And
Programming Choices
Rate / Total Display
And
Programming Choices
RUN PROGRAM
RELAY1 RELAY2
Figure 1: B2800 flow monitor
Buttons
MENU Switches to PROGRAM mode
UP Scrolls forward through the parameter options and increments numeric
variables
RIGHT Scrolls backward through the parameter options and moves the active digit
to the right
ENTER Saves programming information, advances to the next programming
parameter, and used in the reset process
Modes
RUN Normal operating mode
PROGRAM Used to program parameters in the display
If your monitor was ordered with a Blancett flow meter, the two components ship from
the factory calibrated as a set� If the monitor is a replacement, the turbine’s K-factor has
changed or the monitor is being used with some other pulse generating device, the
monitor must be programmed�
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Programming
PROGRAMMING
Each turbine flow meter is shipped with either a K-factor value or frequency data� If
frequency data is provided, the data must be converted to a K-factor before programming
the monitor� K-factor information, when supplied, can usually be found on the neck of the
flow meter or stamped on the flow meter body� The K-factor represents the number of
pulses per unit of volume� The K-factor will be needed to program the monitor readout�
Programming Mode
x
x
See Note
Note: Only available when either
KGS or LBS are Selected
Figure 2: Advanced programming menu
Enter Programming Mode
Press MENU to enter the programming mode� The mode indicator changes from RUN to
PROGRAM�
OTE:NIf any input value exceeds the meter’s capabilities for that particular parameter,
the LIMIT indicator flashes, indicating an invalid entry� Press ENTER to return to
the parameter’s entry screen to reenter the value�
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Programming
Select Meter Size
At the METER prompt, press ENTER� The current meter size flashes� If the current setting is
correct, press ENTER to advance to the next parameter� To change the current setting, press
UP or RIGHT to scroll to the bore size of your meter� Press ENTER to save and advance to
the DISPLAY parameter�
OTE:NThe meter connection size and the bore size are different� For example, many of
the one inch NPT turbines have bore sizes that range from 3/8…1 in� (9…25 mm)�
Use the correct bore size so the meter will report correct flows and totals�
Select Display Function
The monitor can display RATE or TOTAL or alternate between BOTH rate and total� At the
DISPLAY prompt, press ENTER� The monitor shows the current display mode� To change to
an alternate display mode, press UP or RIGHT to scroll to the correct display mode� Press
ENTER to save and advance to the RATE UNT parameter�
Select Units of Measure
At the RATE UNT prompt, press ENTER� The monitor shows the current rate unit� If the
current selection is correct, press ENTER to advance to the next parameter� To change to an
alternate unit, press UP or RIGHT to scroll to the correct rate unit� Press ENTER to save and
advance to the RATE INT parameter�
Select Rate (Time) Interval
At the RATE INT prompt, press ENTER� The monitor shows the current time interval� If the
current selection is correct, press ENTER to advance to the next parameter� To change to an
alternate time interval, press UP or RIGHT to scroll to the correct time interval� Press ENTER
to save and advance to the TOTL UNT parameter�
OTE:NIf flow rate is the only measurement of interest, press RIGHT to advance to the
KFAC UNT to complete the programming process�
Select Units of Measure
At the TOTAL UNT prompt, press ENTER� The monitor shows the current total units� If the
current selection is correct, press ENTER to advance to the next parameter� To change to an
alternate unit, press UP or RIGHT to scroll to the correct totalization unit� Press ENTER to
save and advance to the TOTL MUL parameter�
OTE:NThis unit of measure does not have to reflect the rate unit you have previously
chosen�
Example: Rate Units = Gallons, Total Units = Barrels
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Programming
Select Total's Display Multiplier
This parameter displays the accumulated flow total in multiples of 10� For example, if the
optimum totalization unit is 1000 gallons, the unit total display increments by one digit
for every 1000 gallons monitored� In RUN mode, at 1000 gallons the total monitor reads 1,
at 3000 gallons, the total display reads 3� This feature eliminates having to look at a total,
count the digits, and mentally insert commas for each 1000 multiple�
At the TOTL MUL prompt, press ENTER� The monitor shows the current total multiplier� If the
current selection is correct, press ENTER to advance to the next parameter� To change to an
alternate multiplier, press UP or RIGHT to scroll to the correct multiplier unit� Press ENTER
to save and advance to the KFAC UNT parameter�
OTE:NIf pounds or kilograms were chosen as the RATE UNT or TOTL UNT, the monitor
advances to the SP GRAV parameter�
Specific Gravity
At the SP GRAV parameter, press ENTER� The first digit of the current specific gravity flashes�
If the current setting is correct, press ENTER to advance to the next parameter� To change
the current setting, press RIGHT to move to the correct digit� Press UP to increment the
digit� Repeat for all digits� Press ENTER to save and advance to the KFAC UNT parameter�
Enter Meter's K-Factor Unit
OTE:NThe K-factor supplied with the meter, or calculated from calibration data, is
needed to complete this step�
At the KFAC UNT prompt, press ENTER� The display shows the current K-factor unit� If the
current selection is correct, press ENTER to advance to the next parameter� To change
the K-factor, press UP or RIGHT to scroll to the correct K-factor� Press ENTER to save and
advance to the SCALE F parameter�
OTE:NFor meters calibrated in gallons, use PUL/GAL; for meters calibrated in cubic
meters, use PUL/M3 or any other unit option�
Scale Factor
The scale factor is used to force a global change to all variables� For example, under
operating conditions the display is reading a consistent three percent below the expected
values at all flow rates� Rather than changing all parameters individually, the scale factor is
used to compensate for the three percent offset� Set the scale factor to 1�03 to correct the
readings� The range of scale factors is 0�5…1�5� The default scale factor is 1�0�
At the SCALE F prompt, press ENTER� The first digit of the current scale factor flashes� If the
current selection is correct, press ENTER to advance to the next parameter� To change to an
alternate scale factor, press UP to increment the display digit until it matches the first digit
of the new scale factor� Press RIGHT to advance to the next digit� Repeat for all digits� Press
ENTER to save and advance to the METERTYP parameter�
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Programming
Meter Type
At the METERTYP prompt, press ENTER� The current meter type displays� If the current
selection is correct, press ENTER to advance to the next parameter� To change the type,
press UP or RIGHT� Press ENTER to save and advance to the next parameter� If GAS is
selected, the operating pressure (psig) and operating temperature (° F) must be entered� If
LIQUID is selected, the monitor advances to the DAMPING parameter�
OTE:NThe 4…20 mA zero and span values are not factory set�
Operating Pressure
At the OP PRES prompt, press ENTER� The first digit of the current setting flashes� If the
current setting is correct, press ENTER to advance to the next paramter� To change the
current setting, press RIGHT to move to the correct digit� Press UP to increment the digit
until it matches the new operating pressure� Repeat for all digits� Press ENTER to save and
advance to the OP TEMP parameter�
Operating Temperature
At the OP TEMP prompt, press ENTER� The first digit of the current setting flashes� If the
current setting is correct, press ENTER to advance to the next paramter� To change the
current setting, press RIGHT to move to the correct digit� Press UP to increment the digit
until it reaches the new operating temperature� Repeat for all digits� Press ENTER to save
and advance to the DAMPING parameter�
Damping Factor
The damping factor is increased to enhance the stability of the flow readings, and
decreased to allow the flow meter to react faster to changing values of flow� This parameter
can be any value 0…99 with 0 being the default�
At the DAMPING prompt, press ENTER� The first digit of the current damping setting flashes�
If the current selection is correct, press ENTER to advance to the next parameter� To change
the damping factor, press UP to increment the digit� Press RIGHT to move to the next digit�
After all digits are entered, press ENTER to save and advance to the PULS OUT parameter�
Totalizer Pulse Output
The pulse output parameter can be either enabled or disabled� When enabled, this output
generates a 20 mS duration pulse for every time the least significant digit of the totalizer
increments� The amplitude of the pulse is dependent on the voltage level of the supply
connected to the pulse output and is limited to a maximum 30V DC�
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Programming
Linearization
Linearization enhances the accuracy of the display� The linearization accepts a maximum
of ten points and requires additional calibration data from the meter being used with the
monitor� Typically, calibration information can be obtained in three, five and ten points from
the flow meter’s manufacturer� If linearization is not needed, press RIGHT to advance to the
next parameter� To complete linearization, press ENTER at the LINEAR prompt� The meter
advances to the NUM PTS parameter�
Number of Points
If the number of points is set to 0, linearization is disabled� Press ENTER. The most
significant digit of the number of points entry begins to flash� The first number can be a 1or
a 0only� Press UP to increment the first digit� Press RIGHT to move to the least significant
digit� When both digits have been entered, press ENTER to save and advance to the
FREQ 1 parameter�
Frequency
At the FREQ 1 prompt, press ENTER. The first digit of the first linear point’s frequency input
flashes� If the first frequency is correct, press ENTER to advance to the next parameter� To
change the frequency, press UP to increment the digit� Press RIGHT to move to the next
digit� After all digits are entered, press ENTER to save and advance to the
COEFF 1 parameter�
Coefficient
The coefficient is the value applied to the nominal K-factor to correct it to the exact K-factor
for that point� The coefficient is calculated by dividing the actual K-factor for that point by
the average K-factor for the flow meter�
Coecient = Average K-Factor
Actual K-Factor
At the COEFF prompt, press ENTER. The first digit of the coefficient flashes� If the first
coefficient is correct, press ENTER to advance to the next parameter� To change the
frequency, press UP to increment the digit� Press RIGHT to move to the next digit� Repeat
for all digits� After all digits are entered, press ENTER to save and advance to the next set of
linear points� Continue entering pairs of frequency and coefficient points until all data has
been entered� Press MENU twice at the NUM PTS prompt to exit to the LINEAR prompt� Press
RIGHT to advance to the PASSWORD parameter�
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Programming
Password
The password setting restricts access to PROGRAM mode� Initially, the password is set to all
zeros and any user can modify the paramter settings� To change the password, press ENTER
at the PASSWORD prompt� The first digit flashes� Press UP to increment the digit and RIGHT
to advance to the next digit� After entering all digits, press ENTER to store the password
and advance to RST PSWD� The new password is now required to enter PROGRAM mode�
With this password set, any user is able to reset the stored totals on the monitor�
OTE:NThis password will allow the operator to manually reset totals�
Reset Password
The reset password parameter restricts resetting the totals on the monitor� The PASSWORD
must also be set to restrict the total reset� Initially, the password is set to all zeros and any
user can reset the stored totals on the monitor� To change the password, press ENTER at
the RST PSWD prompt� The first digit flashes� Press UP to increment the digit and RIGHT to
advance to the next digit� After entering all digits, press ENTER to store the password and
return to the METER parameter� The reset pasword is now required to reset the totals on
the monitor�
OTE:NEntering a password in the PASSWORD screen and leaving the default password
in the RST PSWD screen allows for total resets (not requiring a password), but
restricts programming modification�
Return to Run Mode
After entering all parameters, press MENU to return to RUN mode�
Run Mode
Reset Total
To reset the monitor’s total display, in RUN mode, press MENU and ENTER simultaneously
until TOTAL RST starts to flash� The display returns to the RUN mode at the conclusion of the
reset procedure�
Store Total
The current total can be manually stored in the monitor’s flash memory� This procedure
may be needed prior to changing the settings or replacing the battery� Press and hold
ENTER for two seconds� The display flashes TOTALSVD and then returns to RUN mode�
Automatic Store Total
The monitor is equipped with a store total feature that works automatically, saving the
current total to flash memory� The frequency of saves depends on the power supply option
chosen�
Battery Powered: Once per hour and just before a low battery condition turns the unit off�
Loop Powered: Once every ten minutes�
Page 13October 2015 DSY-PM-00286-EN-03

Additonal Scaling Parameters
ADDITONAL SCALING PARAMETERS
x
x
Figure 3: 4…20 mA programming menu
OTE:NThe programming instructions in this section are only available for loop powered
units� Battery powered units do not include these programming parameters�
Flow 4 mA Setting
Zero is the default flow rate at the 4 mA setting� If the current selection is correct, press
ENTER to advance to the Flow 20 mA parameter� To change the setting, press UP to
increment the flashing digit and press RIGHT to move to the next digit� Press ENTER to
save and advance to the Flow 20 mA parameter�
Flow 20 mA Setting
The turbine meter’s maximum flow rate is the default value for the 20 mA setting� If the
current selection is correct, press ENTER to advance to the 4…20 mA Calibration parameter�
To change the setting, press UP to increment the flashing digit and press RIGHT to move to
the next digit� Press ENTER to save and advance to the 4…20 mA Calibration parameter�
Page 14 October 2015DSY-PM-00286-EN-03

Battery Replacement
4…20 mA Calibration
The 4…20 mA Calibration parameter is the fine adjustment of the 4…20 mA output� The
4 mA setting is typically between 35…50� To set the 4 mA value, connect an ammeter
in series with the loop power supply� At the 4MA OUT prompt, press UP to increment
and RIGHT to decrement the 4 mA value to until a steady 4 mA reading is reached on
the ammeter� Press ENTER to lock in this value and advance to 20MA OUT� The 20 mA
adjustment is performed using the same procedure as the 4 mA adjustment�
4…20 mA Test
The monitor contains a diagnostic routine that allows the simulation of mA values between
4…20 to check output tracking� At the 4-20TEST prompt press UP to increment the
simulated mA output or RIGHT to decrement the value in increments of
1 mA� The ammeter should track the simulated mA output� If a 4…20 mA test in not
necessary, press ENTER once to escape the testing at any time�
OTE:NIf you ordered the B2800 flow monitor with a Blancett turbine flow meter, the
4…20 mA was programmed and factory calibrated�
Pulse Out Freq. In4-20 mA
10…30V DC
1…5V DC
123456
+ -+ -+ -
JP2
Mag
Input
TB1
12345
J2
Keypad
Connector
DC
Pulse
Input
Figure 4: Typical ammeter connection
BATTERY REPLACEMENT
Battery powered monitors use a single 1�5V, D size alkaline battery� When replacement
is necessary, use a clean fresh battery to ensure continued trouble-free operation� It is
recommended that the total be saved to memory before the battery is removed�
1� Unscrew the two captive screws on the front panel to gain access to the battery�
2� Replace the battery, being sure to observe the proper polarity�
3� Refasten the front panel�
Page 15October 2015 DSY-PM-00286-EN-03

Additional Input Options
ADDITIONAL INPUT OPTIONS
The B2800 flow monitor is capable of receiving magnetic pickup input (small signal sine
wave) or a contact closure input (pulse)� Since most Blancett turbine flow meters use a
magnetic pickup, the B2800 flow monitor is shipped configured for magnetic pickup input�
To change to a contact closure input, remove JP2 from the top two pins and jumper them
to the bottom two pins� See Figure 6�
+ Pulse In
Magnetic Pickup
10K
30V DC (Max)
20 mS Pulse
RMAX =
(Loop Supply Voltage - 5)
0.02
123456
+ -+ -+ -
- Pulse In
10…30V DC
- Common
Pulse Input Card
Analog Input Card - 4-20 mA
Figure 5: Wiring diagram
Pulse Out Freq. In4-20 mA
Magnetic Pickup
10K
30V DC (Max)
10…30V DC
1…5V DC
20 mS Pulse
250 Typ
RMAX = (Loop Supply Voltage - 5)
0.02
123456
+ -+ -+ -
JP2
Mag
Input
Pulse
Inuput
TB1
12345
J2
Keypad
Connector
Loop Powered
Pulse Out Freq. In4-20 mA
Magnetic Pickup
10K
30V DC (Max)
20 mS Pulse
123456
+ -+ -+ -
JP2
Mag
Input
Pulse
Inuput
TB1
12345
J2
Keypad
Connector
N/C N/C
Battery Powered
Figure 6: Circuit board layouts
Page 16 October 2015DSY-PM-00286-EN-03

Additional Scaling Information
ADDITIONAL SCALING INFORMATION
This information is supplied as a general introduction to the basic concepts used to scale
rate displays� The applicability of the information is dependent on the type and capabilities
of the specific display/monitor used�
Flow meters producing an electronic signal are normally supplied in one of two output
formats� The pulse format generates some form of alternating signal that can be raw, that
is no amplification or wave shaping can be done prior to transmission to the readout�
The output pulse rate is related proportionally to flow rate� Pulses can also be modified to
produce higher output amplitudes or specific wave shapes�
The other output format is an analog signal� This is a continuous, variable voltage or current
signal that is normally scaled to the dynamic range of the meter� Typical analog signals are
0…5V DC, 0…10V DC, and 4…20 mA� The analog signals may or may not be derived from a
raw pulse signal produced by the flow meter�
Scaling for any of these input signals always requires at least two scaling points for a linear
process – zero or minimum flow point and the maximum flow point� Additionally, each
scaling point has two components, the actual input signal value and the desired display
value at that input signal for that scaling point�
For example, a pulse output flow meter has a flow of 50 gpm at a pulse rate of 100 Hz�
The actual input signal is the 100 Hz figure, but allowing the display to read 100 would be
meaningless to the operator� The solution to this problem is to scale the display to read 50
(gpm) when the input is 100 Hz�
Pulse Output Signals for Linear Processes
Pulse output signals are related to flow rate by a constant, usually referred to as the K-factor�
The K-factor is reported as the number of accumulated pulses that represents a particular
volume, such as gallon or liter� K-factors are indicated in pulses per unit volume or counts
per unit volume� An example of a K-factor, normally supplied by the manufacturer, might
be 2000 counts per gallon� The K-factor is correlated to flow through a simple mathematical
relationship:
Frequency = K-factor × Volume per unit of time
60
Using the previous example of 2000 counts per gallon and further assuming this meter
has a maximum flow rate of 25 gpm, the formula can be arranged to calculate the input
frequency required for a scaling point as follows:
Frequency = 60
2000 × 1 (gal) = 33.333 Hz at 1 gpm
Page 17October 2015 DSY-PM-00286-EN-03

Additional Scaling Information
Given that the meter has a maximum flow rate of 25 gpm, the maximum frequency would
then be:
Frequency = 60
2000 × 25 (gal) = 833.333 Hz at 25 gpm
A programmable display requires at least two points� The first point is the zero or minimum
flow and the second is normally the maximum flow rate� For the imaginary flow meter used
in the example above, the scaling would be as follows:
Input Value for Scaling Point 1 = 0
Display Value for Scaling Point 1 = 0
Input Value for Scaling Point 1 = 833�33
Display Value for Scaling Point 2 = 25
Pulse Output Signals for Non-linear Processes
Few flow meters actually behave in a linear way� There is always some uncertainty about
the exact flow at a given reported input value� For many common flow measurement
applications, the assumption of linear flow is adequate for the process being measured�
When higher accuracy is required, a technique called linearization is often employed�
When the flow meter is being calibrated, multiple data points are obtained for the
particular meter being tested� A typical five point calibration run is displayed below�
GPM (LPM) Average Frequency **UUT Hz Counts/GAL UUT K (Hz × 60)/NK
gpm
Error
(% FS)
15�00 (59�78) 769�7 3078�59 14�90 –0�65
9�06 (34�3) 466�1 3086�75 9�03 –0�38
5�49 (20�78) 285�2 3118�64 5�52 0�65
3�32 (12�57) 171�7 3103�95 3�32 0�17
2�00 (7�57) 103�6 3101�80 2�01 0�10
**UUT = Unit Under Test
If this meter produced an actual linear output, the K-factor calculation for the Unit Under
Test would be exactly the same for each measurement point� Inspection of the UUT K in
the example provided shows that this is not the case and indicates that this meter is not a
perfectly linear device�
Many programmable displays allow for linearization and can provide a better match of
the displayed flow values with the actual flow values by incorporating more measurement
points� In the example, the unit would be programmed for six points, the five data points
and a zero point, and use pairs of input values to accomplish the linearization�
Page 18 October 2015DSY-PM-00286-EN-03

Default K-factor Values
DEFAULT KFACTOR VALUES
Meter Size Default K-factor Lower Limit Upper Limit
3/8 in� (9�53 mm) 20,000 16,000 24,000
1/2 in� (12�7 mm) 13,000 10,400 15,600
3/4 in� (19�05 mm) 2750 2200 3300
7/8 in� (22�23 mm) 2686 2148 3223
1 in� (25�4 mm) 870�0 696�0 1044
1-1/2 in� (38�1 mm) 330�0 264�0 396�0
2 in� (50�8 mm) 52�0 41�6 62�0
3 in� (76�2 mm) 57�0 45�6 68�0
4 in� (101�6 mm) 29�0 23�2 35�0
6 in� (152�4 mm) 7�0 5�6 8�0
8 in� (203�2 mm) 3�0 2�4 4�0
10 in� (254 mm) 1�6 1�3 2�0
Page 19October 2015 DSY-PM-00286-EN-03

Installation Drawing
INSTALLATION DRAWING
Battery Powered
Page 20 October 2015DSY-PM-00286-EN-03