Etesia HYDRO 124D Installation guide

- 2 -

- 3 -
PRESENTATION/CONTENTS
ALL HYDRAULIC
•Drive transmission
•Differential lock
•Steering
•Grassbox lifting
•Grassbox opening
•Tool-holder triangle
•Power take-off
STEERING
•Height and angle-adjustable column
•Hydraulic assistance (Power steering)
NB : The steering wheel effort depends on the rotational speed of the steering wheel and on the
engine speed.
•Track width : 1.18 m
•Turning radius (outer front wheel) : 2.5 m
•Radius of non-mown surface : 1.25 m
•Pendular axle : ±4.5°clearance
•Tyres : 16 x 7.5 / 4 ply / 1.2 bar (front and rear)
NB : the tyre pressure is the pressure exerted on the ground, that is approximately 1.2 kg/cm2.
•Load distribution : rear 70% / front 30%
CUTTING SYSTEM
•Two counter rotating blades indexed at 90°.
•Blades driven by a single belt. This allows the loss of power to be reduced as much as
possible, as one belt absorbs 10% of the power (friction…).
•Removable side parts (made safe by presence switches) for easy access to the blades
(shear bolts, sharpening…).

- 4 -
GRASSBOX.

- 5 -

- 6 -
ENGINE
ENGINEENGINE
ENGINE
Arguments
1) All the technology of a modern high-performance engine
- 4-stroke diesel engine
- In-line cylinders
- Liquid cooling
- Injection with injector pump on the cylinder head
- Distribution by overhead camshaft
- Camshaft drive by notched belt
- Double power take-off on the crankshaft
- Power take-off on the camshaft
- Pressure lubrication with lobe-type pump on the crankshaft
- External total pass oil filter
- Water pump in the block
- Automatic fuel supplement for starting
- Centrifugal speed regulator
- Cast iron monobloc cylinder housing
- Aluminium cylinder head
- Reborable cylinders
2) Accessibility to the parts for control, cleaning and replacement.
- FOCS technology : the engine has all the control and regulation components together in the
cylinder head (camshaft, injector-pump, speed regulation). This allows easy access to all the
filter parts (air, fuel, oil, radiator grilles) and liquids ( coolant, oil)
3) Silent engine thanks to the technology used (indirect injection, camshaft drive by notched belt) and
to the optimisation efforts made by the manufacturer.
4) Air filtering with DONALDSON
®
filter with safety cartridge that guarantees the engine a very long
service life.

- 7 -
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Description Value Unit
Cylinders 3 N
Displacement 916 Cm3
Bore 72 Mm
Stroke 75 Mm
Compression ratio 22.8 : 1
Power (at 3600 rpm) 23.4 CV
Maximum torque (at 2000 rpm) 53.5 N.m
Operating speed 2850 Rpm
Idling speed (minimum) 1200 Rpm
Oil sump capacity With filter :2.4 / without filter : 2.3
Litre
Weight (empty) 85 kg
ALTERNATOR
The alternator is placed at one end of the crankshaft and is integrated with the flywheel.
The latter provides a voltage of approximately 24-27 Volts (Alternative current)
at maximum rate.

- 8 -
POWER CUR ES / CONSUMPTION / TORQUE
LUBRICATION

- 9 -
AIR SUPPLY CIRCUIT (COMBUSTION).
AIR FILTER

- 10 -
COOLING SYSTEM.
A thermostatic valve allows the engine to come up to its operating temperature more rapidly from cold
(starting), hence 2 possible routes of the coolant (main and by-pass circuits).
Engine cold

- 11 -
ENGINE HOT.

- 12 -
FUEL SUPPLY SYSTEM.
NB : The rotational speed of the camshaft is half the rotational speed of the crankshaft, in other words of
the engine speed, as the camshaft works on a full engine cycle
( 1 engine cycle = 4 engine strokes = 2 crankshaft rotations).
Stroke Inlet Compression Explosion Exhaust
Piston movement Down Up Down Up
Crankshaft (per ½
rotation) ½ rotation 2/2 rotations 3/2 rotations 4/2 rotations
Crankshaft (per rotation)
1
st
rotation 2nd rotation
Inlet valve Open Closed
Outlet valve Closed Open
Camshaft (per rotation) 1 rotation

- 13 -
Breakdowns and their possible causes.
The table below indicates various breakdowns liable to occur during use of the engine and their possible causes.
It is absolutely vital that the simplest checks be systematically made before any dismantling or replacement work.
Some of these anomalies may also be due to elements of the H124D ride-on mower (for example : will not start
due to the absence of one or more safety conditions …)
BREAKDOWN
POSSIBLE CAUSES
The engine does not start
The engine stops soon after
starting
It does not accelerate
Irregular running
Black smoke comes out of
the exhaust
White smoke comes out of
the exhaust
Oil pressure too low
Increase in oil level
Oil consumption too high
Oil leak on exhaust manifold
Abnormal heating of coolant
Pipes clogged
Fuel filter clogged
Presence of air in the fuel pipes
Fuel tank air drain hole clogged
Defective diesel pump
Injector blocked
Injection pump valve blocked
Injector badly calibrated
Significant leak at plunger (injector)
Rack (link rod) of injection pumps difficult to
manoeuvre
SUPPLY CIRCUIT
Injection pump incorrectly adjusted
Oil level too high
Oil pressure regulator valve stuck
Oil pump worn
Presence of air in the oil inlet pipe
Pressure indicator or transmitter defective
LUBRICATION
Oil inlet pipe clogged
Heater plug fuses blown
Heater plug electronic control defective
Battery empty
Cable connections defective or loose
Keyed ignition switch defective
ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT
Starter defective
Air filter clogged
Speed too high
Run-in not finished
MAINTENAN CE
Engine overloaded
Injection starts too soon
Injection starts too late
Acceleration lever incorrectly adjusted
Regulator spring unhooked or broken
Idling too low
Piston rings worn or clogged
Cylinders worn
Valve guides worn
Valves blocked
Crankshaft or connecting rod bearings worn
Speed regulator rack (rod) difficult to manoeuvre
Crankshaft turns with difficulty, stuck
Cylinder head gasket damaged
Injector-pump rack (rod) loose
ADJUSTMENTS/REPAIRS
Injection timing incorrect

- 14 -
ANOMALIES ON LDW903FOCS ENGINE
The following checks must be made after you have ensured that the electrical parts of the machine are working correctly
(safety contactors, rodding…).
1.ENGINE DOES NOT START (Starter not working)
- Check the battery is in good condition (voltage and density)
- Check the terminals and battery terminals are in good condition and clean
- Check the electrical harness is in good condition (correct connection of the different plugs, check for traces of
oxidation).
- Check the keyed ignition switch is working correctly.
- Check the starter is working correctly
- Check the fuses are in good condition
- See if the engine is not blocked
- Turn the engine a quarter turn and try again with the starter
2.ENGINE DOES NOT START (Starter working)
- Check the fuses are in good condition
- Check if the fuel tank is full (not empty)
- Check the preheating relay is working.
- Check the heater plugs are working.
- Check the solenoid on the diesel filter is powered.
- Check the diesel prefilter is clean
- Check the air filter is clean
- Check circuit is sealed (leakage and air intake)
- Purge circuit
- Check the battery is in good condition (voltage and acid density) : 10% max. voltage drop on starting.
- Check the length of the fuel pump control rod
- Check the fuel pump valves are in good condition and clean.
- Check if the diesel inlet and return pipes are correctly connected to the engine.
- Check if the valve clearance is sufficient.
- Check the injectors are working properly*
3. ENGINE STARTS BUT DOES NOT RUN CORRECTLY.
- Check if the diesel tank is full.
- Ensure the diesel filter is in good condition
- Ensure the air filter is in good condition.
- See if the prefilter is not clogged.
- Check the length of the fuel pump control rod
- Check the fuel pump valves are in good condition and clean.
- Ensure the supply circuit is working properly (air intake).
- Ensure the valves have sufficient clearance
- Check the injectors*
- Check injection advance*
- Check the flow equalisation*
* Have the checks made by a LOMBARDINI agent or contact us before any intervention.

- 15 -
MEMENTO LDW 903 FOCS.
FUEL SYSTEM
Fuel pump :
- Length of push rod : 153.25 mm
- Supply pressure : 0.6 bars
- Flow rate 90 litres/hour at 2000 rpm
- Overrun (to be measured on the opposite side of the cam top) : 1.66 to 2.18mm
Injector calibration : 130
+15
bars
Injection advance adjustment : 12°to 13°(1mm to 1 .25mm before TDC)
CYLINDER HEAD
Adjustment of valve clearance :
Inlet and outlet : 0.15mm between rocker-arm and camshafts.
Inlet and outlet : 0.20mm between rocker-arm and valve .
Tightening of the cylinder head :
Check the length of the screws before using them :
Length of new screws : 89.5 to 90.5 mm
Max. length of screws : 92 mm
- 1st phase : 50Nm
- 2nd phase : 90°(1/4 turn)
- 3rd phase : 90°(1/4 turn)
NO TIGHTENING IS NECESSARY AFTERWARDS.
Cylinder head gasket
Warning ! There are 3 different cylinder head gaskets : be sure to put back the
same one. If in doubt, measure the piston overrun at TDC and contact us.
Without hole : Ref.Lombardini : 4730 595 Ref.ETESIA : 30509
One hole : Ref.Lombardini : 4730 596 Ref.ETESIA : 30510
Two holes : Ref.Lombardini : 4730 597 Ref.ETESIA : 30511

- 16 -
TIGHTENING TORQUES
Combustion pre-chamber
- 1st phase : 100 Nm
- 2nd phase : 180 Nm
Heater plugs : 20 Nm
Rocker-arm assembly : 40 Nm
Flywheel : 80 Nm
Grooved pulley : 360 Nm (Careful : left thread)
Rocker cover : 8 Nm
Rack fixing screw : 1.1 to 1.3 Nm
Fuel manifold fixing screw : 3.5 to 4 Nm
Timing belt tension : 20 Nm
Timing belt tension idler pulley nut : 40 Nm
ENGINE OIL PRESSURE
Between 4.5 and 5.5 bars
WARNING : MINIMUM PRESSURE AT AN ENGINE RATE OF 900 RPM AND
MAX. OIL TEMPERATURE 120°C : 1 bar
THERMOSTATIC VALVE (COOLING SYSTEM)
Start of opening : between 83 and 87°C
Max. opening : from 94 °C

- 17
-

- 18 -
HYDRAULICS
HYDRAULICSHYDRAULICS
HYDRAULICS
Contents
1) General points
2) The H124D equipment circuit.
Introduction
2.1) Power unit
2.1.1) General points
2.1.2) External gear pump (tandem pump)
2.2) Control
2.2.1) Control valves
2.2.2) Pressure limiting devices
2.2.3) Flow limiters
2.2.4) Safety valves (parachute valve)
2.3) Receivers
2.3.1) Rams
2.3.2) Hydraulic steering (ORBITROL)
2.4) Performances
3) The drive transmission circuit
Introduction
3.1) Power unit : Axial-piston pump
3.2) Regulation : The flow divider
3.3) Receiver : Slow internal gear motor
3.4) Performances
4) The auxiliary parts :
4.1) Oils
4.2) Filtering
4.3) Flexible hoses
5) Hydraulic diagrams for the equipment circuit and drive transmission circuit

- 19 -
1)
1)1)
1) General points
General pointsGeneral points
General points
ENERGY
CONVEYOR
-oils
ENERGY
TRANSFORMATION
-Power units (pumps)
-Receivers (Ram, motor…)
HYDRAULIC
SYSTEM
CONTROL
- Control valves
- Flow limiter
- Pressure limiting device
ENERGY
TRANSFER
-Flexible hoses
-Connection
-Hydraulic tubes

- 20 -
2) The equipment circuit
Introduction
This circuit is of the open type. An open circuit is defined as follows :
The oil is sucked into a tank (1) by a power unit (pump) (2), delivered to a receiver (ram…) (3) then
returned to the tank.
2.1) Power unit
2.1.1) General points
The hydraulic pumps transform mechanical energy into hydraulic energy.
NB : The pumps create only a flow. There is pressure only in the presence of a receiver or an
element resisting the circulation of the fluid.