Fugro OmniSTAR 3200LR12 User manual

3200LR12 Receiver
User Manual
Issue 1.5 June 2005

3200LR12 RECEIVER
USER MANUAL
OmniSTAR a Fugro Group Company
Issue 1.4 10/03 i
Notice to Customers
This manual has been produced to ensure the very best
performance from your OmniSTAR receiver. The manual has
been clearly set out with simple instructions to ensure trouble free
usage of your OmniSTAR receiver.
This publication could contain technical inaccuracies or
typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the
information herein; these changes will be incorporated in new
editions of this publication.
Should you require further assistance please contact your local
dealer or the OmniSTAR B.V. office.
OmniSTAR Customer Support and 24 Hour Help Line
OmniSTAR B.V.
Dillenburgsingel 69
2263 HW Leidschendam
The Netherlands
Contact Numbers:
Office: +31-70 31 70 900
Subscriptions +31-70 31 70 910
Technical Support +31-70 31 70 913
Fax Numbers:
Office: +31-70 31 70 919
World Wide Web
Internet Address: www.omnistar.nl

3200LR12 RECEIVER
USER MANUAL
OmniSTAR a Fugro Group Company
Issue 1.4 10/03 ii
Dealer Information
Name ___________________________________
Address ___________________________________
City ___________________________________
State ___________________________________
Post Code ___________________________________
Country ___________________________________
Phone ___________________________________
Fax ___________________________________
Email ___________________________________

3200LR12 RECEIVER
USER MANUAL
OmniSTAR a Fugro Group Company
Issue 1.4 10/03 iii
One-Year Limited Hardware Warranty
OmniSTAR B.V. and its operating companies world-wide (OmniSTAR), warrants
this product to be free from defects in workmanship and material for a period of
one year from the date of original sale by OmniSTAR or its authorised dealers, to
the original purchaser or end user.
OmniSTAR reserves the right to repair and/or replace, at its option, any part or
parts found to be defective, provided such defects, in their opinion, are due to
faulty material or workmanship and are not caused by unauthorised or improper
repair or abuse, or normal wear. Purchaser shall be responsible for shipping and
insurance of the returned product for repair under this warranty. OmniSTAR will
pay shipping and insurance for the product's return to purchaser provided that
the product returned proves to be defective under this limited warranty.
This warranty applies only to normal usage of the product. It does not apply to
units or electronic circuit boards defective due to improper installation or
handling. Physical damage due to lightning or other electrical discharge and units
subjected to fresh or salt water contamination is not covered. OmniSTAR
reserves the right not to warrant the product if, upon request, sufficient proof of
recommended installation compliance as laid out in this manual is not provided.
No other warranties are expressed or implied. No other warranties exist.
OmniSTAR assumes no responsibility for any consequential or incidental losses
or damages of any nature with respect to the use of this product.
REVISION HISTORY
Issue 1.0 September 1999 First Draft
Issue 1.1 January 2000 Amendments to text and layout
Issue 1.1.1 January 2000 Modified to OmniSTAR B.V.
Issue 1.2 January 2001 Added appendix B and GPS/DGPS
Issue 1.3 March 2003 Modified Appendix C and D
Issue 1.4 October 2003 Modified footer
Manual Reference: 3200LR12 Manual
Copyright OmniSTAR B.V. 2003. No part of this manual can be reproduced
without the express permission of OmniSTAR B.V..

3200LR12 RECEIVER
USER MANUAL
OmniSTAR a Fugro Group Company
Issue 1.4 10/03 iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
List of Figures.................................................................................................... v
List of Tables .................................................................................................... vi
INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 1
GPS/DGPS Introduction.................................................................................... 2
The OmniSTAR system .............................................................................3
Subscription type........................................................................................ 3
The 3200LR12 .................................................................................................... 4
General Description ................................................................................... 4
Options ...................................................................................................... 5
Operating considerations ................................................................................. 6
Number of visible satellites......................................................................... 6
Multipath .................................................................................................... 6
Position Dilution of Precision (DOP)........................................................... 7
Satellite elevations ..................................................................................... 7
Differential corrections ............................................................................... 8
GETTING STARTED ........................................................................................... 9
Initial Setup ................................................................................................ 9
Electrical Interface Description................................................................. 12
Power Requirements................................................................................ 13
Mechanical Interface ................................................................................ 13
Interfacing with the 3200LR12 Receiver ................................................... 13
Cables...................................................................................................... 14
LED Indicators ................................................................................................. 15
Installation ....................................................................................................... 16
Installation Consideration......................................................................... 16
Electrical Grounding Requirements.......................................................... 16
Counter Electromagnetic Force (CEMF) .................................................. 16
Cable Installation Considerations ............................................................. 17
Antenna Location ..................................................................................... 18
APPENDIX A..................................................................................................... 19
Receiver Service Procedure..................................................................... 19
APPENDIX B..................................................................................................... 20
Introduction NMEA 0183 .......................................................................... 20
NMEA 0183 Message Format .................................................................. 21
NMEA 0183 Message Options ................................................................. 22
NMEA 0183 Message Formats ................................................................ 23

3200LR12 RECEIVER
USER MANUAL
OmniSTAR a Fugro Group Company
Issue 1.4 10/03 v
ALM – GPS Almanac Data ................................................................ 23
GBS – GNSS Satellite Fault Detection............................................... 24
GGA – GPS Fix Data ......................................................................... 25
GLL – Geographic Position – Latitude/Longitude .............................. 26
GRS – GPS Range Residuals............................................................ 26
GSA – GPS DOP and Active Satellites .............................................. 27
GST – GPS Pseudorange Noise Statistics ........................................ 28
GSV – GPS Satellites in View............................................................ 29
RMC – Recommended Minimum Specific GPS Data ......................... 30
VTG – Course Over Ground and Ground Speed................................ 31
ZDA – Time and Date........................................................................ 32
PTNLDG –DGPS Receiver Status .................................................. 33
PTNL,GGK – Time, Position, Position Type and DOP Values ....... 34
PTNLID –Receiver Identity............................................................ 35
PTNLSM – RTCM special message................................................ 35
APPENDIX C..................................................................................................... 36
List of communication satellites ............................................................... 36
APPENDIX D..................................................................................................... 37
List of reference stations .......................................................................... 37
APPENDIX E..................................................................................................... 41
OmniSTAR Receiver Problem Report Form............................................. 41
APPENDIX F..................................................................................................... 42
3200LR12 - Technical Specifications ....................................................... 42
Appendix G ...................................................................................................... 44
OmniSTAR subscription agreement form................................................. 44
List of Figures
Figure 1: 3200LR12 with DGPS Antenna.............................................................5
Figure 2: Multipath...............................................................................................7
Figure 3: Bare Rear View of 3200LR12 Receiver.................................................9
Figure 4: World coverage map for the OmniSTAR service ................................11
Figure 5: EA-SAT coverage in Europe...............................................................11
Figure 6: Mating end of Female Connector, Switchcraft EN3C3F ......................14
Figure 7: 3200LR12 front panel .........................................................................15
Figure 8: Zener Diode Installation......................................................................17
Figure 9: Reference stations and coverage area per satellite ............................36

3200LR12 RECEIVER
USER MANUAL
OmniSTAR a Fugro Group Company
Issue 1.4 10/03 vi
List of Tables
Table 1: NMEA 0183 messages available for the 3200LR12 .............................22
Table 2: Description of the ALM message. ........................................................23
Table 3: Description of the GBS message.........................................................24
Table 4: Description of the GGA message.........................................................25
Table 5: Description of the GLL message..........................................................26
Table 6: Description of the GRS message.........................................................26
Table 7: Description of the GSA message.........................................................27
Table 8: Description of the GST message. ........................................................28
Table 9: Description of the GSV message.........................................................29
Table 10: Description of the RMC message. .....................................................30
Table 11: Description of the VTG message. .....................................................31
Table 12: Description of the ZDA message. ......................................................32
Table 13: Description of the PTNLDG message. ...............................................33
Table 14: Description of the PTNL,GGK message.............................................34
Table 15: Description of the PTNLID message..................................................35
Table 16: Description of the PTNLSM message. ...............................................35
Table 17: World-wide satellite frequencies and symbol ratesError! Bookmark
not defined.
Table 18: Reference stations on EA-SAT .............Error! Bookmark not defined.
Table 19: Reference stations on AF-SAT ..........................................................38
Table 20: Reference stations on AP-Sat............................................................38
Table 21: Reference stations on AM-Sat ...........................................................39

3200LR12 RECEIVER
USER MANUAL
OmniSTAR a Fugro Group Company
Issue 1.4 10/03 1
INTRODUCTION
The 3200LR12 receiver consists of both a 12-channel GPS receiver
and a L-Band differential receiver built into a single unit. It provides
differentially corrected positions at update rates up to 5 times a
second through two independently configurable RS-232 I/O ports.
Position accuracy is typically less than one metre and the receiver is
suitable for both ground and air applications. Three LED indicator
lights give operational status at a quick glance. The receiver can
have a one-pulse-per-second output signal synchronised to GPS
time.
The 3200LR12 receiver is easily configured using TSIP commands.
Baud rate, position update rate, common NMEA string output and
binary data output are among the variables which can be controlled
using the TSIP commands. More detail on these commands is
provided in a later section and in the View 3200 software Manual.

3200LR12 RECEIVER
USER MANUAL
OmniSTAR a Fugro Group Company
Issue 1.4 10/03 2
GPS/DGPS Introduction
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a reliable, continuous, all-
weather navigation system, which is operated by the United States
Government. At the time of writing, the space segment of GPS
includes a constellation of 28 satellites, which orbit the earth at an
altitude of approximately 22.000 km.
These satellites (Space Vehicles or SV’s) transmit radio signals
containing precise satellite time and position information. By
receiving four or more of these signals a 3-dimensional position can
be computed.
Although GPS provides an acceptable level of performance for
some users, many applications demand a more reliable and precise
position than GPS alone can provide. In such cases Differential
GPS (DGPS) must be used.
The purpose of DGPS is to minimise the effects of atmospheric and
satellite errors on the position determination. In order to achieve this
areference GPS receiver must be installed at a point of known co-
ordinates. This receiver uses the radio signals from each of the GPS
satellites, which are in view to measure so-called pseudo-ranges to
these satellites. Because the exact locations of the satellites and the
reference receiver are known, it is then possible to determine the
difference between the actual and the expected pseudo-ranges
(pseudo-range correction or PRC).
In order to provide compatibility for exchanging this correction data,
astandard has been developed by the Radio Technical Commission
for Maritime Services Special Committee 104. This standard is
commonly known as RTCM SC-104.
When RTCM version 2.0 correction data from the reference receiver
is applied to a nearby GPS receiver, the position accuracy will be
substantially better than if stand-alone GPS were to be used.

3200LR12 RECEIVER
USER MANUAL
OmniSTAR a Fugro Group Company
Issue 1.4 10/03 3
The OmniSTAR system
The 3200LR12 is one of several DGPS receivers which have been
designed to work with the world-wide OmniSTAR service.
The OmniSTAR DGPS system delivers corrections from an array of
reference stations, which are located all around the world (see
appendix C). The RTCM correction data from these reference
stations is provided to OmniSTAR’s three Network Control Centres
(NCC), where the corrections are decoded, checked, and
repackaged in a highly efficient format for broadcast.
The OmniSTAR data is broadcast over a series of L-band
communication satellites. The signal transmitted over each of these
satellites contains the corrections from the reference stations in and
close to the region in which this satellite can be received.
When a receiver with a valid subscription receives data through one
of OmniSTAR’s satellite channels it will output a differentially
corrected position. The way in which the correction data from each
individual reference station will be used in the position calculation
depends on the user’s OmniSTAR subscription.
Subscription type
The 3200LR12 supports the following OmniSTAR service:
•Virtual Base Station (VBS), where the data from multiple
reference stations is used in the processor software to
produce enhanced corrections for the user's location. This
service provides optimal position accuracy with a minimum
dependence on the user’s location. The VBS service can be
obtained on a continental, country or regional basis.

3200LR12 RECEIVER
USER MANUAL
OmniSTAR a Fugro Group Company
Issue 1.4 10/03 4
The 3200LR12
General Description
The 3200LR12 is the main part of a portable system.
It contains the satellite RF receiving and signal processing
components. All ancillary equipment is plugged into the appropriate
sockets on the receiver rear panel.
Atypical 3200LR12 package will consist of the following items:
•3200LR12 (receiver)
•User manual
•Data cable
•Power cable
•Antenna
•RF cable
•CD-ROM with View 3200 software and manual
•View3200 manual

3200LR12 RECEIVER
USER MANUAL
OmniSTAR a Fugro Group Company
Issue 1.4 10/03 5
Options
The 3200LR12 is supplied with combined GPS and DGPS antenna,
it must be plugged into the GPS socket on the rear panel of the
receiver.
Asystem equipped with a combined GPS and DGPS antenna is
illustrated in figure 1.
Figure 1: 3200LR12 with DGPS Antenna
Dodici Receiver
Data Logger
Laptop Computer
(Configuration & Maintenance)
DGPS Antenna
DC Power Supply
(Typically vehicle cigarette lighter or
12 V DC sealed lead acid battery)
Data
Power
DGPS
Data, Command
or Utility Port
3200LR12 Receiver

3200LR12 RECEIVER
USER MANUAL
OmniSTAR a Fugro Group Company
Issue 1.4 10/03 6
Operating considerations
The 3200LR12 has proven to be a high-quality positioning device.
The accuracy that the user can obtain depends on several factors,
including:
•Number of visible satellites
•Multipath
•Dilution of Precision (DOP)
•Satellite elevations
•Differential correction
Number of visible satellites
Aminimum of four satellites is required to calculate a 3-dimensional
position. In general it can be said that every increase in the number
of visible satellites will result in an increase in the system’s
accuracy. As the GPS satellites orbit around the earth the number of
visible satellites will change in time. The GPS constellation has been
designed so as to provide a minimum of 4 visible satellites at any
location at all times. The number of visible satellites can decrease
due to blockage by objects such as trees and buildings.
Multipath
It is possible for satellite signals to reflect off large nearby objects
such as buildings, cars or even the ground, thereby resulting in an
erroneous distance measurement. This phenomenon is known as
multipath. Multipath can cause significant errors in the position
determination and it is therefore important to place the receiver in an
environment, which is free of large reflective surfaces. It is also
recommended to mount the receiver directly onto a surface, while
maintaining a clear view of the sky in all directions.

3200LR12 RECEIVER
USER MANUAL
OmniSTAR a Fugro Group Company
Issue 1.4 10/03 7
Figure 2: Multipath
Position Dilution of Precision (DOP)
The Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) is a measure of the
satellite geometry. The lower the PDOP value, the more accurate
the GPS position will be. By default the 3200LR12 is configured to
output position data as long as the Position Dilution of Precision
does not exceed 10.
Satellite elevations
The signal from a satellite, which is low on the horizon, will travel a
greater distance through the atmosphere. This results in a lower
signal strength and a delayed reception, thereby causing erroneous
and noisy data. By default the 3200LR12 is configured to ignore any
satellites, which have an elevation angle, lower than 5°.

3200LR12 RECEIVER
USER MANUAL
OmniSTAR a Fugro Group Company
Issue 1.4 10/03 8
Differential corrections
For accurate positioning it is essential that the differential
corrections are received. In order to ensure reception of the
OmniSTAR satellite signal it must be prevented that the line of sight
towards the satellite is blocked by objects such as trees and
buildings.
Multipath reflections can cause destructive interference, thereby
significantly decreasing the signal strength. It is therefore
recommended to mount the 3200LR12 directly onto a surface in a
reflection free environment.
Although the 3200LR12 has been designed to provide optimal
system performance under most circumstances, it is possible, due
to the nature of radio communications, that system performance
degrades due to local interference sources.

3200LR12 RECEIVER
USER MANUAL
OmniSTAR a Fugro Group Company
Issue 1.4 10/03 9
GETTING STARTED
The purpose of this section is to get you started with the 3200LR12
as quickly as possible. The guide will address receiving the satellite
data carrier, and then checking the functionality of the internal GPS
engine fitted.
Generally when the receiver is supplied to you it will be configured
for the mode and data link(s) you have subscribed to. In most cases
to get up and running will be a case of connecting the appropriate
cables and applying power to the system.
Figure 3: Bare Rear View of 3200LR12 Receiver
Initial Setup
Steps 1 through 7 pertain to all OmniSTAR receiver models.
1. Refer to the following, as you will need to assemble all the
required items.
•OmniSTAR Receiver
•Antenna
•Antenna Cable
•Power Cable
•Data Port Cable
•Power Supply

3200LR12 RECEIVER
USER MANUAL
OmniSTAR a Fugro Group Company
Issue 1.4 10/03 10
2. Connect the power cable to a suitable 10 V – 32 VDC power
supply being sure to check correct polarity.
Red – Positive VDC
Black – Negative VDC
3. The 3200LR12 is an integrated GPS, DGPS receiver and
needs only one antenna. You need to install the antenna
where it has a clear 360°unobstructed view of the sky
through an elevation of 5°through 90°.
4. Connect the antenna cable between the antenna and the
TNC connector on rear panel.
5. Ensure the OmniSTAR power is OFF then connect the
power cable into the power socket on the receiver.
6. Turn on the 3200LR12 and the Power LED will illuminate.
Data LED’s will illuminate when Data is present in the
respective Data ports.
7. The GGA output message will indicate a non-corrected
stand-alone position with a 1 (one) after the ‘E’ in the
message when viewed on a suitable data logging device or
computer.
Adifferentially corrected position is indicated by a 2 (two) directly
after the ‘E’ in the GGA message from Port A.

3200LR12 RECEIVER
USER MANUAL
OmniSTAR a Fugro Group Company
Issue 1.4 10/03 11
Figure 4: World coverage map for the OmniSTAR service
Figure 5: EA-SAT coverage in Europe

3200LR12 RECEIVER
USER MANUAL
OmniSTAR a Fugro Group Company
Issue 1.4 10/03 12
Interfacing
Electrical Interface Description
The RF Connector is a standard TNC 50 Ohm female connector.
There are 10vDC present when the unit is powered up to bias the
LNA in the remote antenna. Care should be taken not to connect or
disconnect the antenna while powered up.
The I/O cable connector is a standard DB 9 connector. The pin-out
is defined below.
Pin No Name Description
1Not Connected N/A
2Receive Rx
3Transmit Tx
4Not connected N/A
5Ground GND
6Not Connected N/A
7Not Connected N/A
8Not Connected N/A
9Not Connected N/A
This is the pin assignment for the 3200LR12 communication ports.
The connector type is a 9-pin female ‘D’ type.
PORT A (DCE) PORT B (DCE)
1CANL_A 1 CANL_B
2TXDA* 2 TXDB*
3RXDA* 3 RXDB*
4 4 PPS
5GND* 5 GND*
6 6 EVENT
7CTSA 7 CTSB/422B In
8RTSA 8 RTSB/422B Out
9CANH_A 9 CANH_B
*Indicates standard cable connections.
Warning: Do not use standard RS 232 cables as all connections
will be made to the computer and there are non standard
assignations on the pins of both ports. Use the provided Data
Cables.

3200LR12 RECEIVER
USER MANUAL
OmniSTAR a Fugro Group Company
Issue 1.4 10/03 13
Power Requirements
The unit will operate on any DC Voltage between 10 V and 32 VDC
without interruption. When operational, the unit dissipates 7 W of
power. The 3200LR12 can also withstand voltage surges up to 85
V. The input has reverse polarity protection, however as the
negative terminal pin is also attached to the housing ground, large
currents may flow to any ground attachments made to the housing.
Reverse polarity must therefore be avoided to prevent damage to
the vehicle supply. At Voltages below 10 Volts the unit will reset
itself to prevent any data loss. At Voltages below 8.5 Volts the
receiver will turn off.
Mechanical Interface
Mounting of the receiver is done with a mounting brace or brackets.
Interfacing with the 3200LR12 Receiver
The standard configuration is:
Port A: 4 string NMEA @ 1 Hz, 9600 Baud (GGA, GSA,
VTG, GLL)
Port B: TSIP Binary @ 1 Hz, 9600 Baud, 8-Odd-1
The receiver will default to the below settings if the 3200LR12 is
reset to defaults.
Port A: NMEA @ 9600, 8-N-1
Port B: TSIP @ 9600, 8-Odd-1
The 3200LR12 Receiver has two fully configurable RS-232 serial
ports. Commands may be issued on either port and the receiver
may be configured to output any of the available messages on either
port. The baud rate on each port is adjustable, however the data
bits, parity and stop bits are set to 8-0dd-1 for TSIP, Port B and may
not be changed. These settings are necessary for the
communication with the View3200 software.
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