Garmin GPS 400 User manual

GPS 400
Pilot’s Guide and Reference

GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide and Reference
190-00140-60 Rev. H i
RECORD OF REVISIONS
Revision Date of Revision Description
A 8/99 Initial Release
B 8/00 Revised and Redrawn
C 11/06 Changed to 8 inch x 8.5 inch format. Added TERRAIN,
Additional Features section, and misc. changes
D 2/07 Updated per Main SW v5.02
E 10/07 Updated per Main SW v5.03
F 05/08 Removed Proximity Advisory info from Section 10
G 08/08 Converted format of figures to accommodate printing process
H 12/09 Added Section 10.2, GTS 8XX Traffic Systems

GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-60 Rev. H
ii
COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2009 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved.
This manual reflects the operation of Main System Software version 5.03 or later. Some differences may be observed when
comparing the information in this manual to other software versions.
Garmin International, Inc., 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062 USA
p: 913.397.8200 f: 913.397.8282
Garmin AT, Inc., 2345 Turner Road SE, Salem, Oregon 97302 USA
p: 503.391.3411 f: 503.364.2138
Garmin (Europe) Ltd., Liberty House, Bulls Copse Road, Hounsdown Business Park, Southampton, SO40 9RB, U.K.
p: +44/ (0) 870.8501241 f: +44/ (0) 870.8501251
Garmin (Asia) Corp., No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road., Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan
p: 886/2.2642.9199 f : 886/2.2642-9099
Website Address: www.garmin.com
Visit the Garmin website for the latest updates and supplemental information concerning the operation of this and other Garmin
products.
Except as expressly provided herein, no part of this manual may be reproduced, copied, transmitted, disseminated, downloaded, or
stored in any storage medium, for any purpose without the express written permission of Garmin. Garmin hereby grants permission
to download a single copy of this manual and of any revision to this manual onto a hard drive or other electronic storage medium to
be viewed for personal use, provided that such electronic or printed copy of this manual or revision must contain the complete text
of this copyright notice and provided further that any unauthorized commercial distribution of this manual or any revision hereto is
strictly prohibited.
Garmin® and AutoLocate® are registered trademarks of Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries and may not be used without the express
permission of Garmin.
GDL™, GPS 400™, GTX™, PhaseTrac12™ and Spell’N’Find™ are trademarks of Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries and may not be used
without the express permission of Garmin.
NavData® is a registered trademark of Jeppesen, Inc.
December 2009 190-00140-60 Rev. H Printed in the U.S.A..

GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide and Reference
190-00140-60 Rev. H iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION........................................... 1-1
1.1 Accessories and Packing List ................................. 1-1
1.2 Key and Knob Functions ......................................... 1-2
1.3 Takeoff Tour............................................................... 1-5
SECTION 2: NAV PAGES .................................................. 2-1
2.1 Main Page Groups.................................................... 2-1
2.2 NAV Page Group ....................................................... 2-2
2.3 Default NAV Page..................................................... 2-2
2.4 Map Page ................................................................... 2-5
2.5 TERRAIN Page.......................................................... 2-15
2.6 NAV/COM Page........................................................ 2-18
2.7 Position Page .......................................................... 2-20
2.8 Satellite Status Page............................................. 2-23
2.9 Vertical Navigation Page...................................... 2-25
SECTION 3: DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION......................... 3-1
3.1 Overview.................................................................... 3-1
SECTION 4: FLIGHT PLANS.............................................. 4-1
4.1 Flight Plan Catalog Page ........................................ 4-1
4.2 Active Flight Plan Page........................................... 4-9
SECTION 5: PROCEDURES ............................................... 5-1
5.1 Approaches, Departures, and Arrivals................. 5-1
5.2 Non-Precision Approach Operations.................... 5-3
5.3 Points to Remember for All Approaches........... 5-26
SECTION 6: WPT PAGES.................................................... 6-1
6.1 WPT Page Group ....................................................... 6-1
6.2 Airport Location Page ............................................. 6-4
6.3 Airport Runway Page .............................................. 6-5
6.4 Airport Frequency Page.......................................... 6-6
6.5 Airport Approach Page ........................................... 6-8
6.6 Airport Arrival Page............................................... 6-10
6.7 Airport Departure Page ........................................ 6-12
6.8 Intersection Page ................................................... 6-13
6.9 NDB Page.................................................................. 6-14
6.10 VOR Page................................................................ 6-14
6.11 User Waypoint Page............................................. 6-15
SECTION 7: NRST PAGES ................................................. 7-1
7.1 NRST Page Group ..................................................... 7-1
7.2 Nearest Airport Page............................................... 7-4
7.3 Nearest Intersection Page...................................... 7-5
7.4 Nearest NDB Page.................................................... 7-6
7.5 Nearest VOR Page .................................................... 7-6
7.6 Nearest User Waypoint Page ................................. 7-7
7.7 Nearest Center (ARTCC) Page................................ 7-8
7.8 Nearest Flight Service Station (FSS) Page.......... 7-8
7.9 Nearest Airspace Page ............................................ 7-9
SECTION 8: AUX PAGES.................................................... 8-1
8.1 AUX Page Group ....................................................... 8-1
8.2 Flight Planning Page................................................ 8-2
8.3 Utility Page .............................................................. 8-12
8.4 Setup 1 Page ........................................................... 8-20
8.5 Setup 2 Page ........................................................... 8-28
SECTION 9: TERRAIN.......................................................... 9-1
9.1 Introduction............................................................. 9-1
9.2 TERRAIN Page.......................................................... 9-3
9.3 TERRAIN Alerts........................................................ 9-4
9.4 Database Information for TERRAIN.................... 9-9
SECTION 10: ADDITIONAL FEATURES ..................... 10-1
10.1 Traffic Information Service (TIS) ...................... 10-1
10.2 GTS 8XX Traffic Systems .................................. 10-11
10.3 Weather Data Link Interface ........................... 10-18
SECTION 11: FAULT DETECTION & EXCLUSION.. 11-1
11.1 Detection and Exclusion..................................... 11-1
11.2 Pre-Departure Verification of FDE.................... 11-2
SECTION 12: MESSAGES, ABBREVIATIONS, &
NAV TERMS............................................................................ 12-1
12.1 Messages................................................................ 12-1
12.2 Abbreviations........................................................ 12-8
12.3 Navigation Terms ............................................... 12-11
Appendix A: Data Card Use..........................................A-1
Appendix B: Specifications...........................................B-1
Appendix C: Troubleshooting Q & A........................C-1

GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-60 Rev. H
iv
WARNINGS,
CAUTIONS, AND NOTES
WARNING: Navigation and terrain separation must NOT be predicated upon the use of the TERRAIN function.
The TERRAIN feature is NOT intended to be used as a primary reference for terrain avoidance and does not
relieve the pilot from the responsibility of being aware of surroundings during flight. The TERRAIN feature is
only to be used as an aid for terrain avoidance and is not certified for use in applications requiring a certified
terrain awareness system. Terrain data is obtained from third party sources. Garmin is not able to independently
verify the accuracy of the terrain data.
WARNING: The terrain data should be used only as an aid for situational awareness. Terrain data must not
be used as the sole basis for decisions or maneuvers to avoid terrain or obstacles. Terrain data must not be
used for navigation.
WARNING: The altitude calculated by GPS 400 GPS receivers is geometric height above Mean Sea Level and
could vary significantly from the altitude displayed by pressure altimeters in aircraft. GPS altitude should never
be used for vertical navigation. Always use pressure altitude displayed by pressure altimeters in the aircraft.
WARNING: The Jeppesen database used in the GPS 400 system must be updated regularly in order to ensure
that its information remains current. Updates are released every 28 days. A database information packet is
included in the GPS 400 package. Pilots using an outdated database do so entirely at their own risk.
WARNING: The basemap (land and water data) must not be used for navigation, but rather only for non-
navigational situational awareness. Any basemap indication should be compared with other navigation
sources.
WARNING: For safety reasons, GPS 400 operational procedures must be learned on the ground.
WARNING: The United States government operates the Global Positioning System and is solely responsible for
its accuracy and maintenance. GPS is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all
GPS equipment. Portions of the Garmin GPS 400 utilize GPS as a precision electronic NAVigationAID (NAVAID).
Therefore, as with all NAVAIDs, information presented by the GPS 400 can be misused or misinterpreted and,
therefore, become unsafe.

GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide and Reference
190-00140-60 Rev. H v
WARNINGS,
CAUTIONS, AND NOTES
WARNING: Use the GPS 400,Weather Data Link Interface,TIS, and TERRAIN at your own risk. To reduce the risk
of unsafe operation, carefully review and understand all aspects of the GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide documentation and
the Flight Manual Supplement. Thoroughly practice basic operation prior to actual use. During flight operations,
carefully compare indications from the GPS 400 to all available navigation sources, including the information
from other NAVAIDs, visual sightings, charts, etc. For safety purposes, always resolve any discrepancies before
continuing navigation.
CAUTION: The GPS 400 display screen is coated with a special anti-reflective coating that is very sensitive to
skin oils, waxes, and abrasive cleaners. CLEANERS CONTAINING AMMONIA WILL HARMTHE ANTI-REFLECTIVE
COATING. It is very important to clean the screen using a clean, lint-free cloth and an eyeglass lens cleaner
that is specified as safe for anti-reflective coatings.
CAUTION: The Garmin GPS 400 does not contain any user-serviceable parts. Repairs should only be made by
an authorized Garmin service center. Unauthorized repairs or modifications could void both the warranty and
the pilot’s authority to operate this device under FAA/FCC regulations.
NOTE: All visual depictions contained within this document, including screen images of the GPS 400 panel and
displays, are subject to change and may not reflect the most current GPS 400 system. Depictions of equipment
may differ slightly from the actual equipment.
NOTE: This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) this device may not cause harmful interference and (2) this device must accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired operation.
NOTE: This product, its packaging, and its components contain chemicals known to the State of California to
cause cancer, birth defects, or reproductive harm. This notice is being provided in accordance with California’s
Proposition 65. If you have any questions or would like additional information, please refer to our website at
www.garmin.com/prop65.

GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-60 Rev. H
vi
WARRANTY
AVIATION LIMITED WARRANTY
All Garmin avionics products are warranted to be free from defects in materials or workmanship for: two years from the date of
purchase for new Remote-Mount and Panel-Mount products; one year from the date of purchase for new portable products and any
purchased newly-overhauled products; six months for newly-overhauled products exchanged through a Garmin Authorized Service
Center; and 90 days for factory repaired or newly-overhauled products exchanged at Garmin in lieu of repair. Within the applicable
period, Garmin will, at its sole option, repair or replace any components that fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be
made at no charge to the customer for parts or labor, provided that the customer shall be responsible for any transportation cost.
This warranty does not apply to: (i) cosmetic damage, such as scratches, nicks and dents; (ii) consumable parts, such as batteries,
unless product damage has occurred due to a defect in materials or workmanship; (iii) damage caused by accident, abuse, misuse,
water, flood, fire, or other acts of nature or external causes; (iv) damage caused by service performed by anyone who is not an
authorized service provider of Garmin; or (v) damage to a product that has been modified or altered without the written permission of
Garmin. In addition, Garmin reserves the right to refuse warranty claims against products or services that are obtained and/or used
in contravention of the laws of any country.
THE WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES CONTAINED HEREIN ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, WHETHER
EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY LIABILITY ARISING UNDER ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE. THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS,WHICH MAY VARY
FROM STATE TO STATE.
IN NO EVENT SHALL GARMIN BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER
RESULTING FROM THE USE, MISUSE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT OR FROM DEFECTS IN THE PRODUCT. SOME STATES DO
NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO
YOU.
Garmin retains the exclusive right to repair or replace (with a new or newly-overhauled replacement product) the product or software
or offer a full refund of the purchase price at its sole discretion. SUCH REMEDY SHALL BE YOUR SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY FOR
ANY BREACH OF WARRANTY.
Online Auction Purchases: Products purchased through online auctions are not eligible for warranty coverage. Online auction
confirmations are not accepted for warranty verification. To obtain warranty service, an original or copy of the sales receipt from the
original retailer is required. Garmin will not replace missing components from any package purchased through an online auction.
International Purchases: A separate warranty may be provided by international distributors for devices purchased outside the
United States depending on the country. If applicable, this warranty is provided by the local in-country distributor and this distributor
provides local service for your device. Distributor warranties are only valid in the area of intended distribution. Devices purchased in
the United States or Canada must be returned to the Garmin service center in the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, or
Taiwan for service.
To obtain warranty service, contact your local Garmin Authorized Service Center. For assistance in locating a Service Center near you,
visit the Garmin Website at ‘http://www.garmin.com’ or contact Garmin Customer Service at 800-800-1020.

GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide and Reference
190-00140-60 Rev. H 1-1
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 ACCESSORIES AND PACKING LIST
Congratulations on choosing the finest, most advanced
panel mount IFR navigation/communication system
available. The GPS 400 represents Garmin’s commitment
to provide accurate, easy-to-use avionics.
Before installing and getting started with the GPS 400,
please check to see that the package includes the following
items. If any parts are missing or damaged, please contact
a Garmin dealer immediately.
Standard Package:
• GPS 400 Unit
• NavData® Card
• Terrain Data Card
• Installation Rack
• Connectors
• GPS Antenna
• Pilot’s Guide
• Quick Reference Guide
• Database Subscription Packet
• Warranty Registration Card
• GPS 400 Simulator CD-ROM
The Garmin dealer installs and configures the GPS
400. The GPS 400 is secured in the installation rack
with the proper wiring connections performed. After
installation, the NavData Card and the TERRAIN Data
Card are installed into their correct slots on the front of
the unit (see Appendix A). A Garmin dealer can answer
any questions about the installation, such as location of
antennas or any connections to other equipment in the
panel.
NOTE: Help Garmin provide better support by
completing on-line registration. Registration
ensures notification of product updates, new
products, and provides for lost or stolen unit
tracking. Have the serial number of the GPS
400 available and connect to the website (www.
garmin.com). Look for the product registration
link on the home page.

GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-60 Rev. H
1-2
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
1.2 KEY AND KNOB FUNCTIONS
The GPS 400 is designed to make operation as simple
as possible. The key and knob descriptions (Figure
1-1) provide a general overview of the primary function(s)
for each key and knob. The takeoff tour (Section 1.3)
is intended to provide a brief overview of the primary
functions of the GPS 400.
Figure 1-1 Keys and Knobs
P
68
457
2
15
10 12 13 14
9
13
11
NavData Card Slot
1RNG (map range) 6MSG (message)
11
Power
2MENU
7FPL (ight plan)
12
TERRAIN Data Card Slot
3ENT (enter) 8PROC (procedures)
13
CLR (clear)
4NRST (nearest) 9Large right knob
14
Direct-to
5OBS
10 Small right knob
15
Experiment with the unit and refer to the reference
sections for more information.
Data is entered using the large and small knobs.
Experiment with them to become efcient at entering data.
This greatly reduces the amount of time spent operating
the GPS 400 in flight.

GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide and Reference
190-00140-60 Rev. H 1-3
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Left-hand Knob
(1, 3) – See Appendix A for NavData and TERRAIN
Data Card insertion and removal.
(2) Power Knob – Controls unit power, turn clockwise
to turn the unit on.
Right-hand Keys and Knobs
(4) CLR Key – Used to erase information, remove map
detail, or to cancel an entry. Press and hold the CLR Key
to immediately display the Default NAV Page.
(5) Direct-to Key – Allows the pilot to enter a destination
waypoint and establishes a direct course to the selected
destination (Section 3).
(6) RNG Key – Allows the pilot to select the desired map
range. Use the up arrow to zoom out to a larger area, or
the down arrow to zoom in to a smaller area.
(7) MENU Key – Displays a context-sensitive list of
options. This options list allows the pilot to access
additional features or make settings changes which relate
to the currently displayed page.
(8) ENT Key – Used to approve an operation or complete
data entry. It is also used to confirm information during
power on.
(14) Large Right Knob (CRSR) – Used to select page
groups: NAV, WPT, AUX, or NRST. With the on-screen
cursor enabled, the large right knob allows the pilot to
move the cursor about the page. The large right knob is
also used to move the target pointer right (turn clockwise)
or left (counterclockwise) when the map panning function
is active.
(15) Small Right Knob (CRSR) – Used to select pages
within one of the groups listed above. Press this knob
momentarily to display the on-screen cursor. The cursor
allows the pilot to enter data and/or make a selection from
a list of options. When entering data, the small knob is
used to select the desired letter or number and the large
knob is used to move to the next character space. The
small right knob is also used to move the target pointer
up (turn clockwise) or down (counterclockwise) when the
map panning function is active.
`
NOTE: Data is entered using the large and
small right knobs (Figure 1-2). Experiment with
them to become efficient at entering data. This
will greatly reduce the amount of time spent
operating the GPS 400 in flight.
Figure 1-2 Blank Direct-to Page

GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-60 Rev. H
1-4
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
NOTE: When the GPS 400 displays a list of
information that is too long for the display
screen, a scroll bar appears along the right-hand
side of the display (Figure 1-3). The scroll bar
graphically indicates the number of additional
items available within the selected category. To
scroll through the list, press the small right knob
to activate the cursor, then turn the large right
knob.
Scroll
Bar
Figure 1-3 Scroll Bar
Bottom Row Keys
(9) NRST Key – Displays the Nearest Airports Page.
Then, turning the small right knob steps through the
NRST pages.
(10) OBS Key – Selects OBS mode, which retains the
current ‘active to’ waypoint as the navigation reference
even after passing the waypoint (i.e., prevents sequencing
to the next waypoint). Pressing the OBS Key again returns
the unit to normal operation, with automatic sequencing
of waypoints. When OBS mode is selected, the pilot may
set the desired course to/from a waypoint using the ‘Select
OBS Course’ pop-up window, or an external OBS selector
on the HSI or CDI.
(11) MSG Key – Used to view system messages and to
alert the pilot to important warnings and requirements.
See Section 12.1 for more information on messages.
(12) FPL Key – Allows the pilot to create, edit, activate,
and invert flight plans, as well as access approaches,
departures, and arrivals. A closest point to ight plan
feature is also made available by pressing the FPL Key.
See Section 4 for more information on flight plans.
(13) PROC Key – Allows the pilot to select and remove
approaches, departures, and arrivals from the flight plan.
When using a ight plan, available procedures for the
departure and/or arrival airport are offered automatically.
Otherwise, the pilot may select the desired airport, then
the desired procedure.

GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide and Reference
190-00140-60 Rev. H 1-5
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
1.3 TAKEOFF TOUR
Overview
The Garmin GPS 400 provides the pilot accurate
navigational data, along with non-precision and precision
approach certification in the IFR environment. The takeoff
tour is designed to familiarize the pilot with:
• Powering up the unit
• Entering data
• Performing a simple direct-to
• Selecting IFR procedures
• Using some limited flight plans
In addition, this section briey covers the Default NAV
Page, the Map Page, and the NAV/COM Page, which are
available as part of the NAV Page Group. These pages are
used for most of the in-flight navigation.
The takeoff tour assumes that the unit and antennas
have been properly installed and that the GPS 400’s
default settings have not been changed. If any of the
factory default settings (position format, units of measure,
selectable elds, etc.) have been changed, the pictures
shown here may not exactly match what is shown on
the GPS 400. Prior to using the GPS 400 for the first
time, Garmin recommends that the aircraft be moved to a
location that is well away from buildings and other aircraft
so the unit can collect satellite data without interruption.
This takeoff tour is intended to provide a brief
introduction of the GPS 400’s major features. Sections
2 through 12 of this manual describe these features, and
others, in additional detail. Refer to these sections, as
needed, to learn or review the details regarding a particular
feature.
After becoming familiar with the basics, some suggested
reading within this Pilot’s Guide includes:
• Flight plan features - Section 4
• IFR procedures - Section 5
• Waypoint information pages (database
information) - Section 6
• Unit settings (conguring the unit to the pilot’s
preferences) - Section 8
If more information is needed, Garmin’s Customer
Service staff is available during normal business hours
(U.S. Central time zone) at the phone and fax numbers
listed on page ii. Garmin can also be reached by mail
(page ii) or at our website address, www.garmin.com.
Powering up the GPS 400
The GPS 400’s Power Knob is located at the top
left corner of the unit. Turning it clockwise turns unit
power on. After turning the unit on, a welcome page
appears briefly while the unit performs a self test,
followed sequentially by the Unit Type Page (Figure
1-4) and the Software Versions Page. Then (depending
on conguration) the Weather Page, the Trafc Page, the
Aviation Data Page, the Land/Terrain/Obstacles Database
Page, and the Situational Awareness Page are sequentially
displayed.
Figure 1-4 Unit Type Page

GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-60 Rev. H
1-6
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
The Database Versions Page (Figure 1-5) appears
next, which shows the current database information
on the NavData Card and Terrain Data cards. Database
information highlighted in yellow indicates the database
is not within its effective dates. The NavData database is
updated every 28 days and must be current for approved
instrument approach operations. Information on database
subscriptions is available inside the GPS 400 package.
Figure 1-5 Database Versions Page
Acknowledging the database information:
Press the ENT Key.
Instrument Panel Self-test Page
Once the database has been acknowledged, the
Instrument Panel Self-test Page appears (Figure 1-6).
Figure 1-6 Instrument Panel Self-Test Page
To ensure that the GPS 400 and any connected
instruments are working properly, check for the following
indications on the CDI/HSI, RMI, external annunciators,
and other connected instruments:
• Course deviation - half left/no ag
• TO/FROM ag - TO
• Bearing to destination - 135°
• Distance to destination - 10.0 nm
• All external annunciators (if installed) - on
• Glideslope - half up/no ag
• Time to destination - 4 minutes
• Desired track - 149.5°
• Ground speed - 150 knots
The Instrument Panel Self-test Page (Figure 1-6)
indicates the currently selected OBS course, fuel capacity
(CAP), fuel on board (FOB), and fuel ow (FF). The fuel
capacity, fuel on board, and fuel flow may be manually
entered if the installation does not include connection to
sensors which automatically provide these figures.
Entering fuel capacity, fuel on board,
or fuel flow figures (if not provided by
sensors):
1) Turn the large right knob to select the ‘CAP’,
‘FOB’, or ‘FF’ field.
2) Turn the small and large right knobs to enter
the desired figure (Figures 1-6 and 1-7), then
press the ENT Key.

GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide and Reference
190-00140-60 Rev. H 1-7
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Figure 1-7 Fuel Flow Selected
The Instrument Panel Self-test Page includes selections
to set fuel on board (FOB) to full capacity and access the
Checklists Page. This allows the pilot to quickly set fuel
to full limits and display any checklists that have been
entered, such as start up or takeoff checklists.
Setting fuel on board to full (if not
provided by sensor):
1) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Set Full
Fuel?’ (Figure 1-8).
Figure 1-8 ‘Set Full Fuel?’ Highlighted
2) Press the ENT Key and verify that fuel on board
(‘FOB’) now matches the fuel capacity (CAP)
figure. Fuel on board is reduced, over time,
based on the fuel flow (FF) figure.
Viewing the Checklists Page:
1) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Go To
Chklist?’ (Figure 1-9) and press the ENT Key.
Figure 1-9 ‘Go To Chklist?’ Highlighted
2) Turn the large right knob to select the desired
checklist, then execute each step (Section
8.3, Utility Page: Checklists) in the selected
checklist.
3) After completing the desired checklist(s), press
the small right knob to return to the Checklists
Page. Press the small right knob again to
return to normal operation on the Satellite
Status Page or the Map Page.
4) Once instrument operation has been verified
with the Instrument Panel Self-test Page
displayed, press the ENT Key.
NOTE: The GPS 400 can hold up to nine checklists
with up to 30 entries in each checklist.

GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-60 Rev. H
1-8
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Satellite Status Page
The Satellite Status Page (Figure 1-10) appears as the
GPS 400 attempts to collect satellite information.
An ‘Acquiring’ status is displayed on the Satellite Status
Page, and the signal strengths of any satellites received
appear as ‘bar graph’ readings. This is a good indication
that the unit is receiving signals and a position x is being
determined. Following the first-time use of the GPS 400,
the time required for a position x varies, usually from
one to two minutes.
Figure 1-10 Satellite Status Page
If the unit can only obtain enough satellites for 2D
navigation (no altitude), the unit uses the altitude provided
by the altitude encoder (if one is connected).
The ‘INTEG’ annunciator (bottom left corner of the
screen) indicates that satellite coverage is insufcient to
pass built-in integrity monitoring tests. In the example
above, not enough satellites are being received to determine
a position. The Satellite Status Page shows the ID numbers
for the satellites and the relative signal strength of each
satellite received (as a bar graph reading).
‘Searching Sky’ indicates that satellite almanac data is
not available or has expired (if the unit hasn’t been used
for six months or more). This means the unit is acquiring
satellite data to establish almanac and satellite orbit
information, which can take five to ten minutes. The data
is recollected from the first available satellite. The Satellite
Status Page displays a ‘Search Sky’ status, and the message
annunciator (MSG), above the MSG Key also flashes to
alert the pilot of a system message, ‘Searching the Sky’.
Viewing a system message:
Press the MSG Key (Figure 1-11).
The Message Page appears and displays the status or
warning information applicable to the receiver’s current
operating condition.
Figure 1-11 Message Page
Returning to the previous page after
viewing a message:
Press the MSG Key again.
NOTE: The GPS 400 utilizes certain software
algorithms to ensure reliable GPS receiver
operation. Receiver Autonomous Integrity
Monitoring (RAIM) and Fault Detection and
Exclusion (FDE) are two examples. These features
allow navigation during Oceanic/Remote legs of
a flight using the GPS 400. For further details,
please refer to Sections 8.3 and 11.

GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide and Reference
190-00140-60 Rev. H 1-9
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Page Groups
Page Groups
NAV Group WPT Group AUX Group NRST Group
see Section 2 see Section 6 see Section 8 see Section 7
Table 1-1 Page Groups
The bottom right corner of the screen (Figure 1-12)
indicates which page group (Table 1-1) is currently being
displayed (NAV, WPT, AUX, or NRST), the number of
pages available within that group (indicated by square
icons), and the placement of the current page within that
group (indicated by a highlighted square icon).
In addition to the NAV Page Group, additional page
groups are available for waypoint information (WPT),
auxiliary (AUX) functions such as ight planning or unit
settings, and listings for nearest (NRST) airports or other
facilities.
Figure 1-12 Current Page and Page Group
Current Page Group Number of Pages in
Current Page Group
Position of
Current Page
within Current
Page Group
Selecting the desired page group and page:
1) Turn the large right knob until a page from the
desired page group is displayed (Figure 1-12).
2) Turn the small right knob until the desired page
is displayed (Figure 1-12).
NOTE: The NRST Page Group may be accessed
by using the large right knob as described in the
preceding procedure or by pressing the NRST
Key.
NAV Pages
There are seven pages available under the NAV Page
Group*:
• Default NAV Page
• Map Page
• TERRAIN Page (if congured)
• NAV/COM Page
• Position Page
• Satellite Status Page
• Vertical Navigation Page
The Default NAV Page, the Map Page, and the NAV/
COM Page are used for most of the in-ight navigation.
NOTE: *The NAV Page Group may have eight
or nine NAV pages available when the GPS 400
installation includes connection to traffic and/or
weather information sources. See Section 10 of
this manual for more information.
Selecting the NAV Page Group and display
the Default NAV Page:
Press and hold the CLR Key.
Selecting the desired NAV Page:
Turn the small right knob until the desired
page is displayed.

GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-60 Rev. H
1-10
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Map Page
After the GPS 400 acquires satellites and computes
a position, the Map Page (Figure 1-13) appears
automatically.
Figure 1-13 Map Page
Present Position
Desired Track
Data Fields
Map Range
Map Display
The Map Page displays the present position (using an
airplane symbol) relative to nearby airports, VORs, NDBs,
intersections, user waypoints, and airspace boundaries.
The route is displayed as a solid line.
Data elds for destination waypoint (WPT), distance
to waypoint (DIS), desired track (DTK), and ground speed
(GS) appear on the right-hand side of the display. These
elds are user selectable (Section 2.4, Selecting Desired
On-screen Data) to allow the pilot to congure the unit.
Available settings include: altitude, bearing, enroute safe
altitude, estimated time of arrival, minimum safe altitude,
and ground track.
A Map Setup Page is provided to designate the
maximum range at which each map feature appears.
These settings provide an automatic decluttering of the
map (based upon preferences) while adjusting the range.
See Section 12.3 for definitions of these navigation terms.
While viewing the Map Page, the pilot can quickly
declutter and remove many of the background map details
by pressing the CLR Key (repeatedly) until the desired
detail is depicted.
To change the map range, press the up arrow (to zoom
out) or the down arrow (to zoom in) of the RNG (map
range) Key. The current map range is depicted in the
lower left corner of the Map Display.
Direct-to Navigation
The GPS 400 can use direct point-to-point navigation
to provide guidance from takeoff to touchdown, even
in the IFR environment. Once a destination is selected,
the unit provides speed, course, and distance data based
upon a direct course from the present position to the
destination. A destination can be selected from any page
with the Direct-to Key.
Selecting a direct-to destination:
1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Select Direct-to
Waypoint Page appears with the destination
field highlighted.
2) Turn the small right knob to enter the first
letter of the destination waypoint identifier.
The destination waypoint may be an airport,
VOR, NDB, intersection, or user waypoint,
as long as it is in the database or stored in
memory as a user waypoint.
3) Turn the large right knob to the right to move
the cursor to the next character position.
4) Repeat steps 2 and 3 to spell out the rest of
the waypoint identifier (Figure 1-14).
Figure 1-14 Direct-to Waypoint Page

GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide and Reference
190-00140-60 Rev. H 1-11
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
5) Press the ENT Key to confirm the identifier. The
‘Activate?’ function field is highlighted (Figure
1-15).
Figure 1-15 ‘Activate?’ Highlighted
6) Press the ENT Key to activate a direct-to course
to the selected destination.
Once a direct-to destination is selected, press and hold
the CLR Key to display the Default NAV Page.
Default NAV Page
During most ights, the Default NAV Page, the Map
Page, and the NAV/COM Page are the primary pages used
for navigation.
Selecting the Default NAV Page:
Press and hold the CLR Key (Figure 1-16).
Figure 1-16 Default NAV Page
TO/FROM Flag Course Deviation
Indicator (CDI)
Active Leg of
Flight Plan
User-selectable
Data Fields
The Default NAV Page displays a graphic course
deviation indicator (CDI), the active leg of the flight plan
(as dened by the current ‘from’ and ‘to’ waypoints), and
six user-selectable data fields. The default settings for
these fields are distance to waypoint (DIS), desired track
(DTK), bearing to waypoint (BRG), ground speed (GS),
ground track (TRK), and estimated time enroute (ETE).
See Section 12.3 for definitions of these navigation terms.
Changing the data fields:
1) From the Default NAV page, press the MENU
Key and select ‘Change Fields?’ (Figure 1-17).
Figure 1-17 Default NAV Page Menu
2) Turn the large right knob to select the data
field to be changed.
3) Turn the small right knob to display a list of
data options (Figure 1-18).
Figure 1-18 ‘Select Field Type’ Window
4) Press the ENT Key to select the desired data
item and return to the Default NAV Page.

GPS 400 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-60 Rev. H
1-12
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
NAV/COM Page
From the Default NAV Page, simply turn the small
right knob until the NAV/COM Page (Figure 1-19) is
displayed.
Frequency Type
Departure, Enroute, or
Arrival Airport Frequency List
Figure 1-19 NAV/COM Page
The NAV/COM Page displays the available frequencies
(communication and navigation frequencies are shown
for reference only) for the departure airport, any enroute
airports which are included in the flight plan, and the final
destination airport. When using the direct-to function,
frequencies are listed for the airport nearest to the starting
position and the destination airport.
Displaying the frequency list for the
desired flight plan or direct-to airport:
1) Press the small right knob to activate the
cursor on the airport identifier field (in the GPS
Window).
2) Turn the small right knob to display the list
of airports (departure, arrival, and enroute) for
the flight plan or direct-to. Continue to turn
the small right knob until the desired airport
is selected.
3) Press the ENT Key to display the frequency list
for the selected airport.
Displaying frequencies for a different
airport along the flight plan.
1) Press the small right knob to highlight the
airport identifier field.
2) Turn the small right knob to display the list of
airports within the flight plan (Figure 1-20).
Figure 1-20 Airport Window
3) Continue turning the small right knob to select
the desired airport and press the ENT Key.