2.4 Alternator: It is a device which converts the mechanic energy into electrical energy. We use brushless
and synchronous alternators in our generators.
2.5 Prime Power: It is the power can be described as the execuon in permanent and unchanged load for
unlimited of hours. It is the availability of the generator to run with maximum power and steadily.
2.6 Stand-by Power: It is the power measured/obtained by leaving the engine for cooling aer running and
then restarng the cooled generator. Standby Power can be calculated as the 1.1 mes of Prime Power. For
example it is menoned that a generator, which has 100 kvA of Prime Power, has 110 kvA Standby Power.
2.7 Decibel: Is a measurement of sound level. A logarithmic unit of sound intensity.10 mes the logarithm
of the rao of the sound intensity to some reference intensity. It is shown as “db”. It is originated from the
inventor of Alexander Graham Bell.
2.8 Triangle Connecon: To connect the phases of the generator in triangle form in three-phase generators.
When you use the two phases of three-phase system in order to get 120 / 240 V, the power decreases to
one third.
2.9 Four-stroke Engine: Internal combuson engine has to do the four movements in order to
complete its power cycle.
a. Intake stroke: With the descending movement of the piston inside the cylinder line, the mix
ture of fuel and air ll in.
b. Compression stroke: With both intake and exhaust valves closed, the piston returns to the
top of the cylinder compressing the fuel-air mixture.
c. Power stroke: While the piston is close to Top Dead Center, the compressed air–fuel mixture
is ignited, usually by a spark plug (for a gasoline) or by the heat and pressure of compression
(for a diesel cycle or compression ignion engine). The resulng massive pressure from the
combuson of the compressed fuel-air mixture drives the piston back down toward boom
dead center with tremendous force.
d. Exhaust stroke: During the exhaust stroke, the piston once again returns to top dead center
while the exhaust valve is open. This acon evacuates the products of combuson from the
cylinder by pushing the spent fuel-air mixture through the exhaust valve(s).
2.10 Frequency: In alternave voltage and current, it is the number of waves occurred at regular intervals.
The wave occurred in one second is indicated as “Hz”.
2.11 Fuel Injector: It is the part which atomizes the fuel to the combuson space in specic amounts.
2.12 Governor: It is system which perceives the velocity/speed of the engine by following the magnec
receptor or by following the frequency that exits from the generator. In the direcon of the engine speed,
it provides sending fuel into the combustor with the electrical control system in order to administer the
required revoluon.
2.13 Fuel-feed pump: It is the part which measures the fuel and sends it to the combustor.
2.14 Kilowa: The real electrical power which equals to 1000 wa.
2.15 Water Cooled Engine: It is an engine type that is cooled with water surrounding around the hot parts.
The hot water goes to the radiator and is cooled by the help of the fan; it goes to the engine again. This is
the cycle of the system.
2.16 Voltage Regulator: It is a device that provides to hold the generated voltage in required values both
inside and outside the system.
2.17 Star Connecon: It is a method in which the three phase generators are connected with each other in
the form of “Y”. A connecon used in a polyphase electrical device or system of devices in which the wind-
ings each have one end connected to a common juncon, the star point, and the other end to a separate
terminal.
