PrimaLuceLab Radio2Space SPIDER 300A Quick reference guide

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Radio2Space is a brand of PrimaLuceLab iSrl, via Roveredo 20/b, 33170 Pordenone, Italy.
All rights reserved, reproduction prohibited, even partial. Information and conditions subject to change without notice.
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SPIDER 300A ADVANCED RADIO TELESCOPE
SPIDER 300A is a complete system, consisting of all elements that guarantees the reception and
recording of the radio waves coming from space. Thanks to its high technology specifically developed by
PrimaLuceLab, SPIDER 300A radio telescope allows you to get advanced level results with a reliable and
easy to use radio telescope.
-Antenna
In order to get a powerful but still
compact and easy to handle radio telescope, we
have developed the WEB300-5 antenna that,
thanks to its 3 meters diameter and
construction in fine metallic mesh,
provides a large collection surface with
a low weight. Special rear supports
maintain the rigidity of the whole
parabolic antenna on the mount
avoiding bending and ensuring
the effectiveness of the
pointing system. They also
help to maintain a perfect
parabolic shape with a
maximum error of less than
lambda/20.
-Feed horn
Developed specifically for 1420 MHz PrimaLuceLab Radio telescopes, the H-FEED feed horn is designed
for optimal illumination of the primary reflector
allowing high gain, minimise side lobes and the
spillover effect, thus obtaining the best possible
performance from the 3 meters parabolic antenna.
The feed horn is designed to receive in dual
polarisation with support for two professional Low
Noise Amplifiers (LNA) for the 1420 MHz frequency.
The feed horn is positioned in the perfect point
of focus of the antenna through a rigid
support with 4 double supports, in
order to have low obstruction and
with a focusing device to
precisely focus and maximise
the performance of the
entire radio telescope.
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-Mount
Radio astronomy can be done both by day and
night time and even when cloudy, since the 1420
MHz radio waves are not blocked by clouds. For
this reason, in order to take advantage of this
opportunity we have designed the WP-100
altazimuth mount, weatherproof, that allows you
to leave the SPIDER 300A radio telescope
permanently installed outside. Equipped with
automatic tracking and goto system controlled by
the radio telescope software, it allows you to
frame with great precision the Universe radio
sources and move the antenna with a continuous
and precise tracking. The WP-100 mount has
100 Kg load capacity and a very high precision
pointing and tracking (encoders read resolution
0,0015°). Thanks to the optional weather station
integrated with RadioUniversePRO control software, it can be also equipped with a special electronic
security system which "parks" the antenna pointing the Zenith (the vertical position) when the wind
exceeds 50 Km/h, so that the radio telescope moves and is safety locked in the position that offers the
lower resistance to the wind.
-Pier
The WEB300-5 antenna, for its large diameter, can generate a
big effort on the ground and, considering the weight of the
WP-100 mount, it requires a very firm and robust anchoring
system. The new C106-HEAVY pier offers all of these features,
being in the meantime designed to keep the SPIDER 300A
radio telescope permanently installed safety on the field.
The radio telescope and the C106-HEAVY need to be installed
on a reinforced concrete base, on which the base of the
column is fixed by means of special high strength bolts.
Along with the installation and operation manuals for the
radio telescope, an example of concrete base design (that the
user has to prepare to install the SPIDER 300A and that he has
to verify based on terrain type of the radio telescope
installation location) is supplied.
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-Receiver
In order to get the best possible performance with the 3 meters diameter antenna of the SPIDER 300A,
the new H142-One receiver has been specially developed, a 1420 MHz superheterodyne type
radiometer/ spectrometer, double conversion (type UP/DOWN) with 50 MHz received instantaneous
bandwidth (RF = 1.395MHz-1.445) and 14-bit analog to digital converter. The H142-One receiver has a
1024 channels spectrometer (61 KHz each) that are displayed and processed in real time by the control
software supplied with the radio telescope. Thanks to the high gain and the low electronic noise of this
receiver, the SPIDER 300A radio telescope is able to record many radio sources in the Universe.
- Software
SPIDER 300A comes with RadioUniversePRO, the first software specifically designed to allow everyone
get professional level radio astronomy results but in easy way. The software allows you to control all the
components of the radio telescope, check parameters and operations. On the left column, controls for
the mount position and the pointed coordinates are shown, together with unwrapping monitor for cable
management. On the right column, the receiver controls with real time recorded data allows to verify
data. In the central part of the window, different tabs allow to operate the SPIDER radio telescope and
record results. At the same time RadioUniversePRO offers many advanced options, customisations and
typical functions of professional radio telescopes they may be used by expert users that find in
RadioUniversePRO the same modus operandi of the large-sized radio telescopes.
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RadioUniversePRO can be installed on a standard Windows computer and it’s compatible with Windows
10. Pre-requisites:
-Intel i3 processor (at least 5th generation)
-4GB RAM
-4 USB ports
-2 ethernet ports
-mouse and keyboard
-screen with FullHD resolution (1920x1080)
RadioUniversePRO: key features
- Control software for SPIDER radio telescopes
- Intuitive and easy-to-use: in single a screen it shows all the controls of the radio telescope
- Mount control: it allows you to remotely control all WP-100 alt-az computerized mount and German
computerized equatorial mounts equipped with an ASCOM driver (it requires the installation of ASCOM
platform)
- Receiver control: it allows you to connect and control H142-One receivers
-!Data save in graphic format (PNG) and raw (FITS) compatible with NASA FITS Viewer.
-!IF Monitor: it shows in real time the received band with FFT.
-!BBC Tools: it allows you to identify artificial interferences and cancel them from recorded data.
-!Offset alignment: automatic mount alignment on radio sources.
-!Source visibilities:!list of radio sources visible in the sky and that can be pointed to by the radio
telescope.
-!Gain calibration: it calculates the radio telescope gain curve to calibrate measurements using the
optional SPIDER noise calibrator.
-!OnOff: it automatically performs On-Off measurements on the selected source radio.
-!Spectrometer: it displays the on-off spectrum of the observed radio source.
-!Total Power Plots: it displays the radiometric data as a function of time and performs transits with the
Cros Scan technique.
-!Mapping: it allows you to set recording parameters of a radio image, view the result and save it.
-!Planetarium:!it shows the whole sky with stars, constellations, position of the planets and the main
sources of natural radio waves of the Universe (feature to be activated with one of the next releases of
RadioUniversePRO).
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EXAMPLES OF RESULTS WITH SPIDER radio telescopes
SPIDER radio telescope allows you to make radio astronomy studies on many radio sources and to
record different types of results as transits, spectra and radio-maps. Here you find a few examples of
studies recorded with SPIDER radio telescope.
Taurus A radio map:
Taurus A is the radio source in!Taurus!constellation that corresponds to
the Crab Nebula (M1), the!supernova remnant exploded on July 4,
1054 and noted by Chinese and Arabian!astronomers of the time. A
radio telescope is different from an optical telescope by many aspects:
one of these is that it collects radio waves from a single area in the
sky. Just to give an example, it's like having a telescope with a CCD
camera that comes with a single large pixel. In order to create radio
maps,!technique!consists in moving the antenna with small
movements and, for every sky position, record radio waves coming
from space!tracking the sky apparent movement. Then the SPIDER
antenna is moved to a new position and record the next pixel value. For every pixel, RadioUniversePRO
software calculates the total amount of radio waves captured and displays this value with a color based
on a color scale chosen by the user. RadioUniversePRO software allows you to point the radio telescope
to the precise sky position of the radio source, visualize in real time the bandwidth spectrum in
frequency so you can see if you have artificial signal in it (allowing you to filter these from your
recordings) and define radio map specifications.
With a 3 hours capture time, setting the following
parameters in RadioUniversePRO:
Map dimensions: 15 x 15!degrees
Pixel separation: 0,4!degrees
Integration time for every pixel: 5 seconds
The result is the map that we!show in the image.
You can easily see the increase of the signal at
the center of the map, corresponding to Taurus A
position. The increase in the visible signal at the
top right of the image is the Milky Way, in fact
Taurus A does not lie perfectly on the plane of our
galaxy but it is a few degrees away (as confirmed
by the radio map).
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Cassiopea A Hydrogen line detection:
Cassiopeia A is a very important!supernova remnant for radio astronomy since it's the brightest
extrasolar radio source in the sky when studying at frequencies above 1 GHz.!This feature makes it a
conquest!within the reach of radio telescopes equipped with not huge!antennas, but it is still a relatively
weak radio source. In fact, having a flux of!around 2400!Jansky at a frequency of 1420 MHz, it's a
lot!weaker than the Sun that is around 40000 Jansky!
Thanks to the high sensitivity of!SPIDER radio telescope's H142-One receiver, it is possible to record
radio signals coming also from objects outside the Solar System. Then we used the advanced features of
SPIDER and RadioUniversePRO software to record the incoming signal from Cassiopea A during the day
and in the presence of clouds.
In order to to highlight the emission line of neutral hydrogen at 1420 MHz it’s possible to create an on-
off calibrated spectrum. For this operation we used the On-Off feature of RadioUniversePRO
with!spectrum recording: by recording data from the source radio ("on" position) and then calibrating it to
a point in the sky away from the radio source ("off" position), the result is a calibrated spectrum. The
result is visible in the image below, you can see how the SPIDER radio telescope has perfectly
highlighted the emission of the hydrogen line at 1420 MHz.
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INSTALLATION AND TRAINING SERVICES
SPIDER 300A is designed to be shipped around the World. The main components are pre-assembled, so
installation is relatively simple: the radio telescope can be installed on site in complete autonomy from
2-3 people, following the provided installation manual and user manual. On request PrimaLuceLab offers
both an installation service and a training service at the installation site, which is performed by its
specialised technicians. In order to let PrimaLuceLab installation team perform the optional installation
service, if the customer request also the installation service the customer is required to bring to the
installation location (and have ready the day before PrimaLuceLab team arrival at the customer
installation location) all the needed tools like (but not limited to):
•Heavy lifting machine with operator and accessories to properly move the heavy parts of the SPIDER
300A radio telescope (every part may weight up to 150 kg and be as long as 3 meters)
•Ladder at least 2 meter high
•Meter
•Cutter
•Soldering iron and solder wire
•Hot air gun
•Screwdrivers set
•Caliber
•Nipper
•Extension cord
•17mm, 18mm, 36mm, 41mm wrenches
•Adjustable wrench
•Bubble level
•Multimeter
The installation service includes the presence of PrimaLuceLab experienced staff for all assembly
operations - on the concrete base already made by the customer according to the plans provided by
PrimaLuceLab - and subsequent function tests. On request PrimaLuceLab offers training service: at the
installation site, which is performed by PrimaLuceLab team. The optional training service will take place
- depending on the needs of the customer - immediately or can be delayed to a later remote
intervention.
EXPERTISE
Before the delivery of the SPIDER 300A radio telescope you must meet all the conditions described in
this document. If this is not the case, you will not be able to start up the system. If the installation is
performed together with a third-party specialised company, Customer must deliver this manual within
the times indicated in the following planning guide to the third-party Company.
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PLANNING GUIDE
This chapter provides a general overview of the measures and preparations that the customer will have
to take before the delivery of the SPIDER 300A radio telescope. More detailed information is contained in
the respective paragraphs.
Period before delivery
Planning Criteria
proceedings
6 weeks
Staff and training
-Appoint a responsible for the preparations for
receiving the radio telescope.
-Select the personnel responsible for the operation
and maintenance of the radio telescope.
-Establish deadlines for the training of specialized
personnel.
5 weeks
Place of installation
-Establish the location for the machine setting, taking
into account the dimensions according to the layout
and the maximum distance between the control room
(internal) and the radio telescope (external)
-Check for soil characteristics: geological parameters
and planarity.
-Keep in mind the size and weight of the machine.
-Verify that the environment conditions are met: room
temperature, maximum wind speed recorded in the
past.
-Check the transport route: access to the site, route
travel, etc.
-Since the radio telescope must be installed outdoors
check the possibility of setting up a surveillance and/
or protection system for the radio telescope.
4 weeks
Electrical system
- Provide electrical connections close to the location of
radio telescope.
- Check that the cable section and protective fuses are
dimensioned in accordance with the applicable
regulations.
Caution: Since the SPIDER 300A radio telescope is
composed by an element (receiver) to be installed
inside (control room) and one (mount and antenna) to
be installed outside, it is necessary to provide a
separate electrical connection to each element.
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3 weeks
Concrete base and
cable duct
- Based on the drawings at the end of this manual,
make the concrete plinth in the area of installation of
the radio telescope.
- Prepare an underground duct from the base on which
the radio telescope is going to be installed to the
control room. The duct must contain the coaxial cables
connecting the two LNAs to the receiver and the power
supply and control cable of the mount. The duct must
have a minimum diameter of 15 cm (6 inc). Since the 2
LNA power cables have a large diameter (to avoid
signal leakage), they are rigid so the channel must not
have narrow curves that prevent cable passage.
- Prepare 2 groundings, that has to be dimensioned
based on the legislation of the country of installation.
One grounding will be closed to the pier base and one
grounding will be in the control room (to connect the
surge protectors of the receiver).
2 weeks
Installation of cable
connections
- Have LNA power cables and electrical wiring and
power supply cables are to be installed in the in-ground
conduit by qualified personnel (electrician). The cables
are shipped from PrimaLuceLab to the customer in
advance on the delivery of the telescope.
1 week
Safety
- Before the delivery of the SPIDER 300A radio
telescope, ensure that all safety conditions are
complied according to the regulations in force in the
Country of use.
At installation and start-
up
Installation
- Have the connection of the SPIDER 300A
radiotelescope made by specialized professionals.
Period before delivery
Planning Criteria
proceedings
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PLACE OF INSTALLATION
The SPIDER 300A advanced radio telescope must be installed outdoors and, in order to guarantee the
necessary stability and to keep to the environmental conditions (rain, wind, etc.), it is necessary to make
a reinforced concrete plinth with specially sized foundations as outlined below. If you need a competent
service, especially for soil characteristics, you can show the professional the "Installation site" section
and the foundation scheme / installation scheme. In this section you will find the scheme of foundation
to be prepared to ensure the operation of the SPIDER 300A radio telescope. Only if the foundation's
features meet the requirements of PrimaLuceLab, the stability of the SPIDER 300A radio telescope is
guaranteed. The SPIDER 300A radio telescope is equipped with a dedicated column for ground
anchorage and to support the efforts generated by the 3 meter diameter parabola.
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SUGGESTED FOUNDATIONS DIMENSIONS
PLEASE NOTE: suggested foundations dimensions change based on the substrate type so you HAVE to
contact us before making your foundations, letting us know your location substrate. If you need help, we
can help you in design of foundations.
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0.000 kg
Il presente disegno è proprietà di Prima luce Lab i.S.r.l. - The drawing remains the propery of Prima Luce Lab i.s.r.l.
DESCRIZIONE:
DISEGNATO:
MATERIALE:
FINITURA SUPERFICIALE:
SCALA
TT 10.000.07
SPIDER 300A FOUNDATION
1 DI 1
O.C.
PESO Kg:
MOD DESCRIZIONE DISEGNATO DATA APPR.
CODICE:
DATA:
A2
21/02/2017
FOGLIO
TOLLERANCES A RE TO BE
ACCORDING TO UNI EN 22768-1
UNLESS OTHERWI SE SPECIFIED
SCOSTAMENTI PER QUOTE
SENZA INDICAZIONI DI
TOLLERANZA SECONDO UNI EN
22768-1
A
1
1050
cm.
B C
D
E
2 3 456 7
1 2 3 6 7
A
B C
D
E
FF
G H
I
8 9 10 11
8 9 10 11
00
REV:
1:20
2400
400 400
2400
400
400
100 200 100
220 245 245 245 245 245 245 245 245 220
97,524524524524524524524524524597,5
100 400
2400
220 245 245 245 245 245 245 245 245 220
97,524524524524524524524524524597,5
2400
0
-40
-80
600
600
400 ±1
400 ±1
27M
800
O
10
C20/C25 CONCRETE
SAMPLE

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ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
The SPIDER 300A is designed for mount and antenna installation outside. The environmental conditions
to be met for proper operation are:
The receiver of the SPIDER 300A radio telescope is installed inside, in a control room specially protected
by environmental phenomena (rain, snow, hail). It is preferable to install the receiver in a room with
temperature as constant as possible.
Wind speed is one of the most important parameters to consider for the safe use of the radio telescope
installed outside. SPIDER 300A radio telescope is safe for installation in external environments and does
not require coverage. For safe use, you have to:
•When not in use, the SPIDER 300A radio telescope is to be placed in the stow position with the
antenna pointing to the vertical (Zenith). In this way the antenna offers the minimum wind resistance.
•When in use, the SPIDER 300A radio telescope is designed for operations with winds up to 50 Km/h
(30 Mph). When the wind speed is higher, place the SPIDER 300A radio telescope in Stow Position and,
if necessary, lock the antenna with the stop rod. The UltraSonic Wind Sensor for SPIDER radio
telescopes (optional) allows you to constantly monitor the wind, using the RadioUniversePRO
software provided with the radio telescope. This will automatically move the SPIDER 300A to stow
position when the wind exceeds the 50 Km/h (30 Mph) safety threshold.
Condition
Temperature
from -10 °C / 14 °F to +50 °C / 122 °F
Maximum wind speed during use
50 Km/h (30 mph)
Maximum wind speed in stow position
150 Km/h (90 mph)
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ATTENTION: because of unpredictable natural events that are not covered by the warranty, if the wind
is too high we designed a “safe release” mechanism that disconnect the mesh material from the
antenna body and save the rest of the radio telescope. This way you can change only part of the
antenna damaged by the wind with a new element of the antenna (that you can request to us as spare
part).
Extended temperature version: For operation in extreme temperature conditions (lower or higher than
the above table condition), a version of SPIDER 300A specially designed mount is to be required and
specifically requested by the customer prior of the order.

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ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
The instructions contained in the "Electrical System" section must be supplied to a Company specializing
in electrical installations. These instructions are generally valid worldwide but may vary depending on
the Country of installation of SPIDER 300A, depending on the prescriptions of the electrical systems
used in their respective Countries.
Power: the receiver and the power supply box are equipped with a power supply unit that must be
connected to a power socket with the following characteristics:
- Worldwide (excluding USA and Canada): 230 V with Schuko socket or according to Country regulations.
The Schuko connector is included in the SPIDER 300A radio telescope.
- For USA and Canada: 115 V with AC outlet according to US standards.
Connection values: voltage variations over and above the normal levels compromise the proper
operation of the SPIDER 300A radio telescope. A voltage stabilizer should be used.
Ups. If necessary, connect the plant to a UPS (UPS) unit with the following advices:
- for the sizing of the UPS, the behavior in case of short-circuit and overload of the UPS system should
also be considered.
- Overload capacity of the UPS system: ≥200% for 0.5 s.
Note: Sizing of the UPS must be absolutely defined by the supplier of the UPS!
Lightning protection. Due to the possible emission of radio waves and therefore the creation of strong
interference, a lightning arrestor system can not be installed near the SPIDER 300A radio telescope. The
lightning protection system therefore should provide:
Passive protection on the antenna + mount structure: the highest point of the radio telescope when
positioned in stow position is the one that covers the 2 LNAs and it’s made of non-metallic material. In
the event of a lightning striking the SPIDER 300A radio telescope, the electric current could freely flow
through the entire structure and discharged to terrain. SPIDER 300A is provided with a special
connection point on the column to be connected to the ground sink that the customer has to put in place
according to the regulations in force in the Country of installation of the radio telescope.
Passive receiver protection: to prevent electric current from electrocution or electrostatic currents
reaching to the receiver located in the radio telescope control room, the SPIDER 300A is equipped with
special electrostatic voltage dischargers to be installed before the receiver: equipped with a special
socket, it must be connected to the ground system, allowing the discharge of any electric current
generated by the lightning strike before it reaches the receiver.
SPIDER 300A
Rated voltage at 50 Hz ± 1 %
230V
Max power absorption
1000W
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RECEIVING THE RADIO TELESCOPE
Customers can request PrimaLuceLab to transport the radio telescope to the final installation position.
The length of the transport path must not exceed the one agreed per contract and it will have to be free
of steps or ramps.
What should the customer do?
After delivery, please check that no component of the radio telescope has been damaged during
transport. Any visible damage due to transport must be documented on the transport letter with any
possible photographic documentation, which should be countersigned by the driver. Any damage caused
by transport, not visible to the naked eye, must be reported no later than 6 days to PrimaLuceLab.
Unless otherwise agreed, the transport of the radio telescope to the final installation site must be
provided by the customer. The transport path to the site of the radio telescope must be defined in good
time before the telescope is delivered. The installation site must be free of obstacles.
Customer Responsibility
PrimaLuceLab cannot be held responsible for any damage to things or people caused or caused during
the installation by the customer. In particular:
- All transport operations must be carried out as required by the relevant provisions.
- The radio telescope must be installed on a concrete plinth that must conform to the plans provided by
PrimaLuceLab.
The concrete plinth must be prepared by the client prior to the installation of the radio telescope and
must have the channel with the power cables already in place. The customer must prepare the earthing
system (to which the radio telescope is to be connected) according to the regulations in force in the
Country of installation of the radio telescope. Store transport equipment in the location of the machine in
case of any future need.
Transportation Cautions:
Lift, transport and deposit the SPIDER 300A radio telescope with caution. The radio telescope mount
and antenna must be removed with great care and attention from the transport boxes and must be
placed close to the installation site. The SPIDER 300A antenna has a large diameter so you need to be
very careful in order not to damage its parts during installation (especially the aluminum mesh). The
SPIDER 300A antenna and mount are very heavy. To be moved and lifted it requires more people AND
the use of special moving or lifting machines (without which the installation process is not possible).
Dimensions of SPIDER 300A
boxes
Weight of SPIDER 300A boxes
Antenna and mechanical
supports
1940 x 1940 x h750 mm
120 Kg
Mount and pier
1580 x 980 x h1400 mm
200 Kg
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POWER AND DATA CABLES
The SPIDER 300A radio telescope is made of elements to be installed outside (antenna and mount) and
others to be installed inside (receiver and and control computers). All elements must be properly
powered and must be connected to each other with special data cables provided with the radio
telescope. In particular:
Power
The power supply of the external elements (antenna and mount) is made through the special cable that
connects the mount to the control box to be placed in the control room and therefore no external power
point is required. The power supply must be provided starting from the control room where the 2
elements must be powered, connecting each one to a power socket.
Data and RF cables
Data cables connect the external elements to the internal ones with a total of 3 cables. The 2 LNAs
installed on the antenna are connected with 2 coaxial cables specially dimensioned to avoid data loss for
distances (between external radio telescope and internal receiver) up to max 50 meters. Distances up to
100 meters are possible but this will introduce gain loss and we strongly suggest lower distances. To
allow proper antenna handling, each coaxial cable is made up of 2 parts:
n.2 Ecoflex 10 coaxial cables that connect LNAs to the cables in the channel
n.2 Ecoflex 10 coaxial cables installed in the channel (as indicated by the PrimaLuceLab project) and that
connect the radio telescope to the receiver RF inputs placed in the control room at a maximum distance
of 50 meters.
The mount is connected to the control computer via the same cable that also provides power to the
motors (the cable has a multi-wire braided cable specially designed to avoid interference). The cable
must be inserted into the channel connecting the outside radio telescope to the internal control room
(along with the LNA connection cables). Inside the control room, the cable has a dedicated control box to
be placed next to the receiver and connected to a control PC (where RadioUniversePRO software is
installed) with a USB port.
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Note on Radio Frequency Interferences:
SPIDER is designed to record frequencies from 1395 MHz to 1445 MHz. In order to allow proper
capture of natural origin radio waves coming from space, it requests that radio frequency interferences
must not be present in the installation location. PrimaLuceLab cannot be held responsible of any radio
interference that may be captured by the SPIDER radio telescope.

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RADIO TELESCOPE AND CONTROL ROOM CONNECTIONS
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GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
Optics
Prime focus
Primary reflector diameter
3!m
Focal ratio
0,33
FWHM Beamwidth
4,9°
Surface precision!(rms)
Lambda/20
Reflector material
Aluminum
Gain
0.0009!K/Jy
Polarization
circular, double
Central frequency
1420 MHz
Receiver band
50 MHz
Noise temperature
50 K
Channels number
1024
A/D converter
14 bits
Elevation range
0-90°
Azimuth range
0-360°
Max slewing speed!(wind speed < 60 km/h)
90°/min Azimuth
90°/min Elevation
Encoders read resolution
0,0015°
Higher wind speed (operativity)
50 Km/h
Higher wind speed (survival)
150 Km/h
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