Rajant BreadCrumb ES1 User manual

BreadCrumb® ES1 Version 11 User Guide
Model Family: BreadCrumb ES1
Model: ES1-2450R
Model: ES1-5050CS
User Guide Version: 11.25 Rev A
Firmware Version: 11.25.0
Document Part Number: 03-100158-001
Corporate Headquarters:
Rajant Corporation
200 Chesterfield Pkwy
Malvern, PA 19355
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
 http://www.rajant.com
1

Table of Contents
Document Revision History
Copyright Statement
FCC, IC, CE and Other Certification Statements
Antennas
Safety
Modifications
Professional Installation Attestation
Maximum Certified Power
GNU General Public License Statement
Preface
1. Introduction to BreadCrumbs
1.1 What is a BreadCrumb?
1.2 The Mesh Network
2. Description of a BreadCrumb ES1
2.1 Radios
2.2 Enclosure
2.3 Antenna Connectors
2.4 Power and Ethernet
2.5 M8 Connector
2.6 Status LED
2.7 LED Configuration / Zeroize Keys and Restore Factory Defaults (Reset) Switch
3. Using BC|Commander
4. Deploying a BreadCrumb Mesh Network
4.1 Addressing
4.2 Channel Assignments
4.3 Physical Placement and other Considerations
4.4 Deployment Guidelines and Methodology
5. Firmware Upgrade and Zeroize Processes
5.1 Firmware Upgrades
5.2 Zeroize
6. Troubleshooting
6.1 Sporadic Network Connectivity
6.2 BreadCrumb Device Cannot Connect to Mesh
6.3 BreadCrumb Power and Start-Up Issues
7. Appendices
Appendix A: Radio Channels and Frequencies
A.1 Radio: 2.4 GHz 802.11n
A.2 Radio: 5 GHz 802.11ac
A.3 DFS and TPC
Appendix B: Error and Warning Codes
Appendix C: Ports and Protocols
Appendix D: Installation Guidelines
D.1 Professional Installation Is Required
D.2 Safety
D.3 Modifications
D.4 Attaching Antenna Cables and Antennas
D.5 Grounding and Surge Protection
D.6 Waterproofing
D.7 Connecting Power
2

D.8 Configuration
D.9 Placement
Appendix E: Sealed RJ45 Assembly
E.1 Parts of the Male Sealed RJ45 Ethernet Connector
E.2 Choose the Correct So Plug
E.3 Pre-thread Before Termination
E.4 Terminate Cable with the Metal-Shielded RJ45 Plug
E.5 Test the Ethernet Cable
E.6 Preparation Aer Termination
E.7 Mate Inner and Outer Shells
E.8 Connect RJ45 to Female WAPV RJ45
E.9 Mate and Then Cap the WAPV
Appendix F: Mounting Instructions
F.1 Pole Mount Kit
F.2 DIN Rail Mount Kit
Appendix G: Technical Bulletins
G.1 Rajant Best Practices: Grounding and Surge Protection
G.2 Waterproofing Rajant BreadCrumb RF Connections
G.3 Waterproofing BreadCrumb Cable Connections
G.4 BreadCrumb Models Support Only Passive PoE
G.5 Never Apply Power to the Data Input Port of a Rajant Mid-Span Power over Ethernet (POE)
Power Supply
G.6 Installation Constraints for Rajant AC Powered Accessory POE Power Supplies
Appendix H: Rajant End User License Agreement
Appendix I: GNU General Public License
3

Document Revision History
Revision Date Changes
11.21 Rev
A07/30/2019 Initial Release of document.
11.21 Rev
B08/07/2019 Update firmware rev and EULA.
11.21 Rev
C08/14/2019 Add DIN rail kit part number.
11.22 Rev
A09/30/2019 Update version, certifications.
11.22 Rev
B04/24/2020 Add Maximum Certified Power Table for Japan.
11.22 Rev
C09/21/2020 Add Ethernet port pinout.
11.22 Rev
D11/05/2020 Correct Status LED descriptions.
11.22 Rev
E11/19/2020 Add Maximum Certified Power Table for UAE and Kenya.
11.22 Rev
F01/12/2021 Add Maximum Certified Power Table for Columbia.
11.23 Rev
A02/09/2021 Add Maximum Certified Power Table for Indonesia.
11.23 Rev
B02/23/2021 Add Maximum Certified Power Table for Brazil (Anatel).
11.23 Rev
C02/24/2021 Add Maximum Certified Power Table for Malaysia.
11.23 Rev
D04/26/2021 Add Maximum Certified Power Table for India. Update BreadCrumb Model Matrix.
11.23 Rev
E05/25/2021 Update Maximum Certified Power Table for Japan.
11.23 Rev
F07/25/2021 Add Maximum Certified Power Table for Mexico.
11.24 Rev
A12/03/2021
Add Maximum Certified Power Table for Philippines.
Add ES1-5050CS model.
Update Maximum Certified Power Table for Mexico.
11.25 Rev
A05/26/2022 Add FCC and IC Compliance for ES1-5050CS. Update FCC, IC and CE Maximum Certified Power specifications.
4

Copyright Statement
Rajant, the Rajant logo, BreadCrumb, InstaMesh, Kinetic Mesh, BC|Commander, and Bring Your Network
with You! are registered trademarks of Rajant Corp. in the United States and certain other countries.
Rajant’s patented InstaMesh® networking soware enables the network to quickly adapt to rapidly-de-
ployed and moving network elements. U.S. Patents 9,001,645, US 9,001,645 B2, US 9,319,922 B2 and US
9,979,635 B2.
BreadCrumb® ES1 Version 11 User Guide
Copyright © 2009–2022 Rajant Corp. All rights reserved.
5

FCC, IC, CE and Other Certification Statements
FCC ID:
FCC ID: VJA-ES12450R, Model ES1-2450R FCC ID: VJA-ES15050CS, Model ES1-5050CS
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant
to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference when the device is operated in a commercial environment. This device generates, uses, and
can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with this instruction man-
ual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this device in a residential
area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interfer-
ence at their own expense.

 WARNING WARNING
Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could
Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could
void your authority to operate the equipment.
void your authority to operate the equipment.
For FCC Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE), refer to International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
Technical Report (TR) 63170:2021-1044.
Industry Canada (IC):
IC: 7382A-ES12450R, Model ES1-2450R IC: 7382A-ES15050CS, Model ES1-5050CS
This device complies with ISED licence-exempt RSS standard(s).
Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
1) This device may not cause interference
2) This device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of
the device.
This product meets the applicable Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada technical
specifications. CAN ICES-003 (A)/NM-003(A)
This device complies with Industry Canada license-exempt RSSs. Operation is subject to the following
two conditions:
1) This device may not cause interference, and
2) This device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of
the device.
Le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d’Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de
licence. L’exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes:
1) l’appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage;
2) l’utilisateur de l’appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique subi, meme si le brouillage est
susceptible d’en compromettre le fonctionnement.
Radiation Exposure Statement:
This equipment complies with IC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment.
This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 32cm between the radiator &
your body.
Déclaration d’exposition aux radiations:
Cet équipement est conforme aux limites d’exposition aux rayonnements IC établies pour un environ-
nement non contrôlé. Cet équipement doit être installé et utilisé avec un minimum de 32cm de distance
entre la source de rayonnement et votre corps.
RCM:
This digital apparatus complies with the Australian/New Zealand AS/NZS 4268: Radiocommunications
(Short Range Devices) Standard 2004 +A1:2013 +A2:2013.
6

Anatel:
Compliance Information (ANATEL): Este equipamento não tem direito à proteção contra interferência
prejudicial e não pode causar interferência em sistemas devidamente autorizados. Para maiores
informações, consulte o site da ANATEL –  http://www.anatel.gov.br.
CE:
Rajant Corporation declares that the ES1-2450R and ES1-5050CS are in compliance with the essential re-
quirements and other relevant provisions of Directive 2014/53/EC.
IMPORTER - CMI Corporation Limited
Catteshall Road,Godalming, Surrey GU7 INJ, UK
CE Declaration of Conformity may be requested from Rajant.

 NOTE NOTE
Please refer to the product spec sheet at
Please refer to the product spec sheet at   http://www.rajant.com http://www.rajant.com for a list of certified model numbers. for a list of certified model numbers.
Antennas

 Antenna Installation WARNING Antenna Installation WARNING
The installer should configure the conducted output power level according to country regulations and
The installer should configure the conducted output power level according to country regulations and
the applicable equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) limit. Professional installation of equip-
the applicable equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) limit. Professional installation of equip-
ment is required to ensure compliance with health and safety issues.
ment is required to ensure compliance with health and safety issues.
Required Antenna Separation
The antennas from any transceiver of the BreadCrumb ES1 may not be co-located with the antennas of
any other transceiver. The co-location restriction is satisfied by maintaining 20 cm separation between
the antennas of different transceivers. There is no restriction for the separation between the antennas
from the same transceiver; but testing at installation is recommended to verify the system performance
achieved with a specific antenna deployment.

 Warning Warning
Because the BreadCrumb ES1 case is plastic, antennas should not be directly attached and should be
Because the BreadCrumb ES1 case is plastic, antennas should not be directly attached and should be
attached using only antenna cables. This is to avoid stressing the plastic and compromising the IP67
attached using only antenna cables. This is to avoid stressing the plastic and compromising the IP67
ingress rating. Low loss cable, such as LMR-400, is recommended for externally attached antennas.
ingress rating. Low loss cable, such as LMR-400, is recommended for externally attached antennas.

 Warning Warning
For all BreadCrumb models, for installations that will experience vibration or shock, all antennas should
For all BreadCrumb models, for installations that will experience vibration or shock, all antennas should
be externally mounted and attached using cables. Low loss RF cable, such as LMR-400, is recommended
be externally mounted and attached using cables. Low loss RF cable, such as LMR-400, is recommended
for cable attached antennas.
for cable attached antennas.

 Warning Warning
If a radio port is not required for a given application, the port should be disabled in BC|Commander and
If a radio port is not required for a given application, the port should be disabled in BC|Commander and
a 50 Ohm terminator should be installed.
a 50 Ohm terminator should be installed.
Figure: Incorrect Antenna Placement
7


 IMPORTANT: Exposure to Radio Frequency Radiation IMPORTANT: Exposure to Radio Frequency Radiation
To satisfy FCC RF exposure requirements, a minimum safe distance of 32cm must be maintained be-
To satisfy FCC RF exposure requirements, a minimum safe distance of 32cm must be maintained be-
tween this device’s antennas and all persons while the device is operating.
tween this device’s antennas and all persons while the device is operating.

 DFS Additional Antenna Separation DFS Additional Antenna Separation
For 5 GHz transceivers using channels that require DFS radar detection, it is recommended to mount
For 5 GHz transceivers using channels that require DFS radar detection, it is recommended to mount
each antenna for a DFS channel at least 2 feet from any other 5 GHz transceiver’s antenna.
each antenna for a DFS channel at least 2 feet from any other 5 GHz transceiver’s antenna.
Safety

 Warning Warning
The BreadCrumb ES1 is not user serviceable. Repairs must be performed at a Rajant-designated service
The BreadCrumb ES1 is not user serviceable. Repairs must be performed at a Rajant-designated service
center by trained personnel.
center by trained personnel.

 Warning Warning
To protect the user against the risk of electric shock during high-voltage transient events which may oc-
To protect the user against the risk of electric shock during high-voltage transient events which may oc-
cur when this equipment is installed outdoors, protective earth grounding of the Power over Ethernet
cur when this equipment is installed outdoors, protective earth grounding of the Power over Ethernet
(PoE) power supply is required. Case ground connections are provided on all Rajant-supplied PoE
(PoE) power supply is required. Case ground connections are provided on all Rajant-supplied PoE
power supplies. The case ground connections must be used and must be connected to a protective
power supplies. The case ground connections must be used and must be connected to a protective
earth ground. Protective earth grounding operations must be performed by trained personnel accord-
earth ground. Protective earth grounding operations must be performed by trained personnel accord-
ing to local electrical codes and industry best practices, as well as Rajant’s own recommendations.
ing to local electrical codes and industry best practices, as well as Rajant’s own recommendations.
Modifications

 CAUTION CAUTION
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Rajant Corporation could void the user’s authority
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Rajant Corporation could void the user’s authority
to operate the equipment.
to operate the equipment.
Rajant products are compliant and warranted against manufacturing defects only so long as Rajant-au-
thorized accessories are used in deployment of Rajant Breadcrumbs. It is the responsibility of the opera-
tor and the installer to ensure the system as installed operates within regional requirements.
Professional Installation Attestation
Rajant Corporation addresses the following items to ensure that the above referenced equipment is pro-
fessionally installed:
The device will only be sold by Rajant Corporation or one of its authorized dealers. Rajant
Corporation and its authorized dealers will be under strict marketing control and will only market
and sell the device to professionals.
Professional installation is required for this device and will be performed only by someone knowl-
edgeable of its use. Rajant Corporation will ensure that the device is only marketed and sold to
8

professionals.
The device is not sold to the general public and is sold only for industrial or commercial use by pro-
fessional installers.

 CAUTION CAUTION
To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be chosen so
To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be chosen so
that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) is not more than that permitted for successful
that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) is not more than that permitted for successful
communication.
communication.
Maximum Certified Power
ISM band radio modules may be operated at full certified power when configured with the granted an-
tenna type. Operation of a radio at power levels that exceed the equivalent EIRP of the granted configura-
tion is prohibited. See the following tables.
Table: Maximum Certified Power: FCC (United States)
Model ES1-2450R
Frequency Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted Channel
Power (dBm)
Antenna
Type
Antenna Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
2412-2462 26 (Average) Omni-
directional 5 31
5150-5250 (Average) Omni-
directional
5180-5240 23 (Average) Omni-
directional 7 30
5725-5850 (Average) Omni-
directional
5745-5825 25 (Average) Omni-
directional 6 31
Model ES1-5050CS
The bands being certified for ES1-5050CS are 4.9 GHz and 5 GHz (B1 through B3).
Frequency Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted Channel
Power (dBm)
Antenna
Type
Antenna Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
4940-4990 (Average) Omni-
directional
5150-5250 (Average) Omni-
directional
5180-5240 23 (Average) Omni-
directional 7 30
5250-5350 (Average) Omni-
directional
5470-5725 (Average) Omni-
directional
5725-5850 (Average) Omni-
directional
Table: Maximum Certified Power: IC (Canada)
9


 IMPORTANT IMPORTANT
In Canada, a license is required to use channels in the frequency range 5150-5250 MHz (on models that
In Canada, a license is required to use channels in the frequency range 5150-5250 MHz (on models that
offer these channels). The license may restrict transmit power. Licensing information may be found at
offer these channels). The license may restrict transmit power. Licensing information may be found at

 http://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/smt-gst.nsf/eng/sf11294.html http://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/smt-gst.nsf/eng/sf11294.html
Model ES1-2450R
Frequency Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted Channel
Power (dBm)
Antenna
Type
Antenna Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
2412-2462 26 (Average) Omni-
directional 5 31
5180-5240 23 (Average) Omni-
directional 7 30
5745-5825 25 (Average) Omni-
directional 6 31
5725-5850 (Average) Omni-
directional
Model ES1-5050CS
The band being certified for ES1-5050CS is 5 GHz (B3).
Frequency Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted Channel
Power (dBm)
Antenna
Type
Antenna Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
5745-5825 25 (Average) Omni-
directional 6 31
5725-5850 (Average) Omni-
directional
Table: Maximum Certified Power: CE (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey)

 IMPORTANT: Regarding indoor-only frequencies IMPORTANT: Regarding indoor-only frequencies
In regions where radio frequencies are regulated by ETSI (CE), the frequency range 5170-5350 MHz is re-
In regions where radio frequencies are regulated by ETSI (CE), the frequency range 5170-5350 MHz is re-
stricted to indoor use only. Check local regulations before using these channels.
stricted to indoor use only. Check local regulations before using these channels.

 IMPORTANT IMPORTANT
In many regions where radio frequencies are regulated by ETSI (CE), a license is required to use chan-
In many regions where radio frequencies are regulated by ETSI (CE), a license is required to use chan-
nels in the frequency range 5735-5835 MHz (on models that offer these channels). Check local regula-
nels in the frequency range 5735-5835 MHz (on models that offer these channels). Check local regula-
tions before using these channels.
tions before using these channels.
Model ES1-2450R
Frequency Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted Channel
Power (dBm)
Antenna
Type
Antenna Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
2412-2472 15 (Peak burst) Omni-
directional 5 20
5500-5700 24 (Average) Omni-
directional 6 30
5725-5875 26 (Average) Omni-
directional 6 32
10

Frequency Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted Channel
Power (dBm)
Antenna
Type
Antenna Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
5740-5860 (Average) Omni-
directional
Model ES1-5050CS
The bands being certified for ES1-5050CS are 5 GHz (B1 through B3).
Frequency Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted Channel
Power (dBm)
Antenna
Type
Antenna Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
5180-5240 (Average) Omni-
directional
5260-5320 (Average) Omni-
directional
5500-5700
(Average)
Omni-
directional 6
29.86
5725-5875
(Average)
Omni-
directional 6
34.63
5740-5860 (Average) Omni-
directional
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) immunity testing compliant to EN 61000-4-2
Electrical fast transient (EFT) / burst immunity testing compliant to EN 61000-4-4
Surge immunity testing compliant to EN 61000-4-5
Table: Maximum Certified Power: RCM (Australia, New Zealand)
Frequency Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted Channel
Power (dBm)
Antenna
Type
Antenna Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
2412-2462 29 (Average) Omni-
directional 5 34
5745-5825 29 (Average) Omni-
directional 6 35
Table: Maximum Certified Power: MIC (Japan)
Frequency Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted Channel
Power (dBm)
Antenna
Type
Antenna Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
2412-2472 16 (Average) Omni-
directional 5 21
5180-5240 21 (Average) Omni-
directional 7 28
5500-5700 15 (Average) Omni-
directional 6 21
Table: Maximum Certified Power: UAE (United Arab Emirates) (ETSI EN 301 893)
11
22.73
22.79
7
7

Frequency
Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted
Channel Power
(dBm) Mode
Antenna
Type
Antenna
Detail
Antenna
Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
Frequency
Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted
Channel Power
(dBm) Mode
Antenna
Type
Antenna
Detail
Antenna
Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
2412-2462 11 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-2400-
5 or
equivalent
5 16
5500-5720 22 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5550-
6 or
equivalent
6 28
5745-5825 24 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5800-
6 or
equivalent
6 30
For more information regarding the UAE Regulations, go to
 https://www.tra.gov.ae/ar/abouttra/telecommunication-sector/regulations-and-
ruling/details.aspx#documents.
Table: Maximum Certified Power: (Kenya)
Frequency
Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted
Channel Power
(dBm) Mode
Antenna
Type
Antenna
Detail
Antenna
Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
2412-2462 8 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-2400-
5 or
equivalent
5 13
5500-5720 22 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5550-
6 or
equivalent
6 28
5745-5825 24 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5800-
6 or
equivalent
6 30
Table: Maximum Certified Power: (Columbia)
Frequency
Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted
Channel Power
(dBm) Mode
Antenna
Type
Antenna
Detail
Antenna
Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
2412-2462 22 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-2400-
5 or
equivalent
5 27
5180-5240 17 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5250-
7 or
equivalent
7 24
5745-5825 18 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5800-
6 or
equivalent
6 24
Table: Maximum Certified Power: (Brazil) Anatel

 IMPORTANT: Regarding indoor-only frequencies IMPORTANT: Regarding indoor-only frequencies
12

In regions where radio frequencies are regulated by Anatel, the frequency range 5150-5350 MHz is re-
In regions where radio frequencies are regulated by Anatel, the frequency range 5150-5350 MHz is re-
stricted to indoor use only. Check local regulations before using these channels.
stricted to indoor use only. Check local regulations before using these channels.
Frequency
Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted
Channel Power
(dBm) Mode
Antenna
Type
Antenna
Detail
Antenna
Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
2412-2462 23 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-2400-
5 or
equivalent
5 28
5150-5250 18 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5250-
7 or
equivalent
7 25
5745-5825 21 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5800-
6 or
equivalent
6 27
Table: Maximum Certified Power: (Indonesia)
Frequency
Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted
Channel Power
(dBm) Mode
Antenna
Type
Antenna
Detail
Antenna
Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
2412-2472 15 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-2400-
5 or
equivalent
5 20
5745-5825 14 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5800-
6 or
equivalent
6 20
Table: Maximum Certified Power: (Malaysia)
Frequency
Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted
Channel Power
(dBm) Mode
Antenna
Type
Antenna
Detail
Antenna
Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
2412-2472 22 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-2400-
5 or
equivalent
5 27
5180-5240 22 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5250-
7 or
equivalent
7 29
5500-5620 23 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5550-
6 or
equivalent
6 29
5745-5825 23 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5800-
6 or
equivalent
6 29
Table: Maximum Certified Power: (India)
13

Frequency
Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted
Channel Power
(dBm) Mode
Antenna
Type
Antenna
Detail
Antenna
Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
Frequency
Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted
Channel Power
(dBm) Mode
Antenna
Type
Antenna
Detail
Antenna
Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
2412-2462 24 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-2400-
5 or
equivalent
5 29
5180-5240 22 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5250-
7 or
equivalent
7 29
5500-5720 23 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5550-
6 or
equivalent
6 29
5745-5825 24 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5800-
6 or
equivalent
6 30
Table: Maximum Certified Power: (Mexico)
Frequency
Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted
Channel Power
(dBm) Mode
Antenna
Type
Antenna
Detail
Antenna
Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
2412-2462 23 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-2400-
5 or
equivalent
5 28
5150-5250 17 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5250-
7 or
equivalent
7 24
5250-5350 24 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5250-
7 or
equivalent
7 31
5470-5600 24 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5550-
6 or
equivalent
6 30
5650-5725 24 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5550-
6 or
equivalent
6 30
5745-5825 21 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5800-
6 or
equivalent
6 27
Table: Maximum Certified Power: (Philippines)
Frequency
Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted
Channel Power
(dBm) Mode
Antenna
Type
Antenna
Detail
Antenna
Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
2412-2462 15 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-2400-
5 or
equivalent
5 20
14

Frequency
Range
(MHz)
Total Conducted
Channel Power
(dBm) Mode
Antenna
Type
Antenna
Detail
Antenna
Gain
(dBi)
EIRP
(dBm)
5500-5720 24 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5550-
6 or
equivalent
6 30
5745-5825 25 (Average) Point-to-
Multipoint
Omni-
direc-
tional
KMA-5800-
6 or
equivalent
6 31
15

GNU General Public License Statement
Certain components of the Rajant BreadCrumb firmware are subject to the GNU General Public License
Version 2, or other so-called open source licenses (“Open Source Soware”). In compliance with the
terms of certain Open Source Soware licenses like the GNU General Public License Version 2 (“GPLv2”),
Rajant makes certain modifications to Open Source Soware that Rajant uses, modifies and distributes
pursuant to such licenses available to customers in source code form upon request. You are free to use,
modify and distribute Open Source Soware so long as you comply with the terms of the relevant Open
Source Soware license. In particular, the GPLv2 is available in the appendix of this manual or at
 http://www.gnu.org/copyle/gpl.html.
16

Preface
Purpose and Scope
This manual provides information and guidance to all personnel who are involved with and use Rajant
Corporation’s BreadCrumb ES1-5050CS.
This manual begins with an introduction to the BreadCrumb Kinetic Mesh Network. It then characterizes
the features of the BreadCrumb ES1-5050CS. Finally, it describes common deployment scenarios and pro-
vides concise step-by-step instructions for each scenario.

 Note Note
Throughout this document, unless otherwise stated, the terms ES1-5050CS and BreadCrumb are used
Throughout this document, unless otherwise stated, the terms ES1-5050CS and BreadCrumb are used
to refer to Rajant BreadCrumb ES1-5050CS.
to refer to Rajant BreadCrumb ES1-5050CS.
How to Use This Guide
This User Guide is an HTML document to be viewed using a web browser. The browser’s right scroll bar,
mouse scroll wheel, up/down cursor keys or Page Up/Page Down keys may be used to navigate sequen-
tially forward or backward through the guide. In most browsers, CTRL-F can be used to search the guide
and navigate to matching text. The Table of Contents at the le (or top in a small window) contains a link
to the start of each chapter or appendix. Aer a web link or cross-reference is clicked in the guide, the
browser’s back arrow should return to the previous page location.
Feedback Welcome
The user of this manual is encouraged to submit comments and recommended changes to improve this
manual and all Rajant products. Please send your feedback to  [e-mail]. Please be sure to
include the version and revision number of the manual or product you are using as well as the relevant
document section numbers if appropriate.
Related Documentation
For additional information, refer to these documents:
BC|Commander® Version 11 User Guide: This document describes how to use the BC|Commander
application to configure and monitor BreadCrumbs.
BreadCrumb® Video Guide
Range Troubleshooting Guide
BreadCrumb RF Guide
BreadCrumb® Security Technical Brief
These documents are available in the support section of Rajant’s website at  http://www.rajant.com.
Note About Shared Guide Content
Rajant BreadCrumb models have some differences in hardware and soware features. Rajant hardware
and soware product guides include some general content that is shared between guides and may in-
clude features or settings not found in every model. The following table summarizes the main differences
between several standard BreadCrumb models.
Feature LX5 ME4/KM3 ES1 JR3 SlipStream
Peregrine/
Hawk
Wireless
Transceivers 3-4 2 2 1 0
4
(Peregrine)
/2 (Hawk)
Ethernet 2x 1000 1x 1000, 1x 100 1x
1000 1x 100 2x 100/1000
2x
10/100/1000
auto MDIX
17

Feature LX5 ME4/KM3 ES1 JR3 SlipStream
Peregrine/
Hawk
Input Voltage 18-48
VDC
8-48 VDC (ME4)/24-48
VDC (KM3)
9-30
VDC 9-30 VDC 12 VDC 20-60 VDC
Min.
Recommended
PoE
24-48
VDC, 26-
33 W @
24 V (3-4
radios,
un-
heated)
24-48 VDC, 23 W @ 24 V
24
VDC,
19 W
24 VDC,
19 W
(AC
adapter) 50 W
USB Ports 2 1 1 0 6 1
Serial Port no (see
Notes) no (see Notes) no no no no
Realtime Clock yes yes no no yes yes
Case metal metal plastic plastic metal metal
Environment IP67 IP67(ME4)/Indoor(KM3) IP67 Weather
Resistant Indoor IP67
Encryption HW/SW HW/SW SW SW HW/SW HW/SW
TRoIP yes yes yes no yes yes
Modbus yes yes yes no yes yes
SNMP yes yes yes no yes yes
Packet Capture yes yes yes no no yes
Gateway Mode yes yes yes no yes yes
Performance
Tests yes yes yes no yes yes
Max Peers per
Transceiver 250+ 250+ 250+ 50 0 250+
RTLS (see
Notes) yes yes yes no no yes
Notes:
Ethernet ports also adapt to standard slower speeds.
Unless stated otherwise, all PoE wattages are @ 24 V.
Add 2 W per heated radio and 2.5 W per powered USB peripheral.
JR2 included TRoIP settings but no USB port for using TRoIP.
Performance Tests are available with firmware version 11.19 or later.
KM3 is an indoor version of ME4.
To provide a serial port, ME4 has serial pins documented on the Amphenol connector and supports
modbus protocol on that connector.
To provide a serial port, ME4 can use an optional cable assembly with serial pins.
To provide a serial port, KM3 requires a special USB cable.
To provide a serial port, LX5 has serial pins documented on the Amphenol connector and supports
modbus protocol on that connector.
Real Time Location System (RTLS)
18

1. Introduction to BreadCrumbs
Rajant Corporation’s ( http://www.rajant.com) BreadCrumbs utilize the IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) wireless net-
working standards to form a wireless mesh network. The network is mobile, self-integrating, self-mesh-
ing, self-healing and secure. The focus is on flexibility, adaptability and simplicity.
The BreadCrumb Kinetic Mesh Network is intended for rapid deployment of a broadband wireless net-
work into a situation or “hot zone.” The network can be deployed as a stand-alone wireless network or
bridged to another network (such as the Internet) utilizing available reach-back communication links
(such as a DSL, cable, or satellite modem).
BreadCrumbs provide high bandwidth for applications to stream video, audio and data over large dis-
tances. The network traffic can be secured by using different security features available on the
BreadCrumb. This makes the network optimal for tactical deployments as well as emergency response
situations since it offers robustness, stability and ease of setup in mission critical activities.
1.1 What is a BreadCrumb?
A BreadCrumb is an IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) and Ethernet compatible networking device that can connect to
other BreadCrumbs or networking devices to form a BreadCrumb network. The BreadCrumb is specifi-
cally designed for the following scenarios:
Temporary Wireless Network: Network that must be established quickly and with minimal effort
for short-term use (e.g., a temporary network established in a tactical situation).
Mobile Wireless Network: Network in which the network infrastructure itself is mobile, in addition
to client devices (e.g., a convoy viewing a video stream from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV).
Wireless Network Extension: Extension to a wireless network to quickly enable wireless communi-
cation around or through an obstacle (e.g., urban canyon, tunnels/caves, etc.)
Wired Network Extension: Wireless connection between two or more wired local area networks
(LANs) at different locations (e.g., to securely connect combat service support computers with logis-
tics bases)
Any combination of the above: Most BreadCrumb deployments include elements from more than
one of these scenarios.
In many cases, BreadCrumbs will perform all of these tasks as shipped with no configuration necessary,
providing an instant Tactical Area Network (TAN). Moreover, because BreadCrumbs use industry-standard
802.11 communication protocols, client devices (such as laptops or cell phones) require no special hard-
ware or soware and little or no configuration to access a BreadCrumb network.

 Note Note
Although any BreadCrumb can be an access point, most access points do not provide mesh capability.
Although any BreadCrumb can be an access point, most access points do not provide mesh capability.
Traditional access points simply allow wireless devices within range to connect to a wired network; tra-
Traditional access points simply allow wireless devices within range to connect to a wired network; tra-
ditional access points do not extend range through other access points.
ditional access points do not extend range through other access points.
1.2 The Mesh Network
The key feature of a BreadCrumb Mesh network is the ability for BreadCrumbs to connect, or mesh, with
each other. While meshing is generally handled automatically by BreadCrumbs, complex deployment sce-
narios require a basic understanding of how BreadCrumbs establish and maintain a mesh.
1.2.1 Mesh – A Definition
A mesh is a collection of BreadCrumbs (or other network devices), each of which is linked to one or more
other BreadCrumbs. Data can move between BreadCrumbs via these links, possibly passing through sev-
eral intermediate BreadCrumbs before arriving at a final destination.
The intelligence of a BreadCrumb network is demonstrated by the rapid creation or destruction of links in
the mesh as devices are moved, switched OFF or ON, blocked by obstructions, interfered with by other
19

devices, or otherwise affected. This adaptation takes place automatically and immediately as needed.
1.2.2 BreadCrumb Mesh Connections
In order for two BreadCrumbs to establish a mesh link to each other, both BreadCrumbs must be set to
the same radio channel and have the same Network ID. The Network ID is computed from:
Network Name (simply a configurable name for the network; default value is “Rajant Mesh Network”)
Network Key (passphrase or key used to establish mesh connections and obfuscate unencrypted
network management traffic)
Packet cipher setting
MAC cipher setting
Per-hop verification setting
Key Sequence Number (default value is 0)
To modify these BreadCrumb configuration settings, a BC|Commander user must be logged in to the
BreadCrumbs with the User role co (Crypto Officer) and the corresponding password.
20