XZERES Wind Skystream 3.7 User manual

SKYSTREAM 3.7
Owner ’s Manual
(NORTH AMERICA and EUROPE) Edition
3-CMLT-1054 Rev O
Installation
Operation
Maintenance
(North America)
(Europe)
© 2013 XZERES Corp
All Rights Reserved

Skystream Owner’s Manual 3-CMLT-1054 Rev O XCO 1191 Pg. 2
XZERES Wind
Congratulations on your purchase and welcome to our family!
Dear Skystream 3.7®Owner,
Thank you for your purchase of Skystream. You have just selected the most technologically advanced,
cost-effective renewable energy appliance available for a home or small business. We congratulate you
on your choice and are confident you will experience years of dependable service.
Before going any further, please complete and return the enclosed Warranty Registration Card. The
conditions of your warranty are dependent upon the proper installation of Skystream.
Furthermore, this will assure you of being kept up-to-date with the latest developments from XZERES
Wind. These include new options, performance tips, and updated software to maximize output and user
notices. It is important to know that we do not sell or distribute your information to any third party. We
understand your privacy is important.
If you have any questions or comments, we would like to hear from you. Please call during working
hours (Monday-Friday 8:00 am to 5:00 pm - Pacific Time Zone).
Our phone number is 503-388-7350 or Toll Free: 1-877-404-9438.
For technical support, contact [e-mail]
Again, welcome to our family and thank you for investing in the future of wind energy with Skystream.
Sincerely,
XZERES Wind
The CE marking is a mandatory compliance requirement in EMEA and the UK and although it is self-
certified, testing and evidence to support the testing is preferred from an independent test house. All
XZERES Wind turbines are third party tested and fulfill all the relevant provisions of the following
directives:
Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC, Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/EC, Electromagnetic Compatibility
Directive 2004/108/EC. The report and the declaration of conformity are available for inspection on
request.
The serial number stated on the inside front cover of this owner’s manual refers to a specific XZERES
Wind product. This product is considered compliant to CE.

Skystream Owner’s Manual 3-CMLT-1054 Rev O XCO 1191 Pg. 3
In this Manual
IMPORTANT:
Please take note
TIP: Helpful information to ease
the installation
Professional installation
highly recommended
Warning: Risk of injury or death
- proceed with extreme caution
Important Safety Instructions
Read these instructions in their entirety before installing or operating.
Professional Installation: XZERES
Wind strongly recommends Skystream be installed by trained professionals.
1) SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS. This manual contains important instructions for Skystream that
must be followed during installation and maintenance of the Wind Turbine generating system.
2) Read, understand and respect all warnings.
3) Turn Skystream “OFF” if “growling” or unusual noise or operation is observed. Contact XZERES
Wind Technical service.
4) Install Skystream on a calm day - no wind at ground level.
5) Install Skystream in accordance with National Electric Code (NEC) and local building codes.
6) Always obtain a building permit before construction.
7) A minimum of 2 adults are required to safely lift or move Skystream.
Use proper equipment such as hydraulic hoists to lift Skystream.
8) Always wear appropriate protective personal
equipment such as closed toe work shoes, hard hat,
work gloves, and safety glasses when working on or
installing Skystream.
9) Turn Skystream “OFF” if ice accumulates on blades
to avoid possible injury resulting from ice flying off
blades.
10) This wind generator complies with international
safety standards, and therefore the design or its
installation must never be compromised.
a. Do not open the inverter cover; doing so without
factory authorization will void the warranty.
b. Apply the proper torque to all fasteners.
c. Torque field wire connections to Skystream to
2.0 N·m.
Refer to the table for torque specifications.
The Tightening torque, allowable wire size, and type, for the Field- Wiring Terminals
Circuit
Tightening torque
(in./lbs)
Wire size
(AWG/kCmil/MCM)
Wire type
Wire Temperature
rating
Output
18-19 inch pounds
(2.0 N·m)
6-14 AWG
Copper Conductors
Only
75C
AC equipment
ground (Neutral)
18-19 inch pounds
(2.0 N·m)
6-14 AWG
Copper Conductors
Only
75C
Refer to Electrical Connections section of this manual (Section 2.1.2).
d. Install only on a Professional Engineer (PE) certified tower.
e. Do not paint the blades.

Skystream Owner’s Manual 3-CMLT-1054 Rev O XCO 1191 Pg. 4
11) Use only proper grounding techniques as established by the NEC.
12) Properly complete the warranty registration card; failure to complete and return the card may
affect your warranty.
13) Skystream must be installed in accordance with this manual and local and national building
codes. Failure to comply with the manual and local codes will affect and possibly void your
warranty.
14) Skystream uses high voltage and is potentially dangerous. Be sure to use all safety precautions at
all times.
Radio (RF) Interference (USA)
Skystream 3.7 has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a class B digital device, pursuant
to Part 15 of the FCC Rules (US Federal Communications Commission). These limits are designed to
provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. Skystream
generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance
with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no
guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If Skystream does cause harmful
interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the Skystream on and
off, you are encouraged to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
•Reorient or relocate the Skyview Interface Module or Remote Display.
•Increase the separation between Skystream and Skyview Interface Module or Remote Display.
Radio (RF) Interference (EU)
Complies to European Standards EN 61000-6-3 (2007), EN 61000-6-2 (2005),
EN 61000-3-2 (1995), EN 61000-3-3 (2000).

Skystream Owner’s Manual 3-CMLT-1054 Rev O XCO 1191 Pg. 5
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Important Safety Instructions ................................................................................................................3
Radio Interference................................................................................................................................4
Skystream 3.7®Specifications..............................................................................................................6
European Grid Standards.....................................................................................................................8
PRIOR TO INSTALLATION .................................................................................................................9
Intended Use........................................................................................................................................9
Unintended Use....................................................................................................................................9
Shipment Content...............................................................................................................................10
Typical Skystream Installation.............................................................................................................11
Siting –Finding the Best Location for Skystream................................................................................13
Local Requirements............................................................................................................................13
INSTALLATION .................................................................................................................................14
Introduction.........................................................................................................................................14
Wire Sizing .........................................................................................................................................14
Grounding...........................................................................................................................................16
Utility Panel Connections....................................................................................................................16
Electrical Connections to Skystream..............................................................................................17-18
Installing Skystream on A Tower.........................................................................................................19
Bolting Skystream to the Tower .....................................................................................................19-21
Blades, Nosecone and Antenna Assembly ....................................................................................22-24
OPERATION ......................................................................................................................................25
Manual Operation of Skystream..........................................................................................................25
Maintenance..................................................................................................................................25-26
Service ...............................................................................................................................................26
Troubleshooting..................................................................................................................................26
Emergency Shutdown.........................................................................................................................26
Key Operating Characteristics ............................................................................................................27
Disposal of Skystream........................................................................................................................28
Frequently Asked Questions...............................................................................................................29
APPENDICES
Appendix A: Electrical Diagrams
North America
1 Grid Connection Option A...............................................................................................................30
2Grid Connection Option B...............................................................................................................31
3Grid Connection Option C...............................................................................................................32
4 Grid Connection Option D...............................................................................................................33
5Skystream Block Diagram ..............................................................................................................34
Europe
6TYPICAL Grid Connection: 230 V, 50 Hz, 1 Phase, Junction Box at Tower Base...........................36
Appendix B: Tower Grounding
1Introduction ...............................................................................................................................39-44
Appendix C: Lightning Protection
1Introduction ....................................................................................................................................47
2Lightning Protection Data ..........................................................................................................48-52
Appendix D: Compliance/Certification
1UL Certificate of Compliance (US & Canada).................................................................................54
2 CE Declaration of Conformity (Europe)...........................................................................................55

Skystream Owner’s Manual 3-CMLT-1054 Rev O XCO 1191 Pg. 6
Skystream 3.7®Technical Specifications
Model
Skystream 3.7
Rated Power1
2.1 kW at 11 m/s (24.6 mph)
Nominal Power
2.4 kW at 13 m/s (29 mph)
Weight
170 lbs. / 77 kg
Rotor Diameter
12 feet / 3.72 metres
Swept Area
115.7 ft2/ 10.87 m2
Type
Downwind rotor with stall regulation
control
Direction of
Rotation
Clockwise looking upwind
Blades
3 Fiberglass reinforced composite
Rotor Speed
50 - 330 rpm
Shutdown Speed
370 rpm
Tip Speed
66 - 213 f/s / 9.7 - 63 m/s
Alternator
Slotless permanent magnet brushless
Yaw Control
Passive
North America - Grid Feeding
120 / 240 Volt, 60 Hz, 2 Phase (split single
phase);
120 / 208 Volt, 60 Hz, 3 Phase
Europe - Grid Feeding
230 Volt, 50 Hz, 1 Phase
Braking System
Electronic stall regulation w/redundant relay switch
control
Cut-in Wind Speed
3.0 m/s (6.7 mph)
User Monitoring
Wireless 2 way interface remote system
Survival Wind Speed
140 mph / 63 m/s
Total Harmonic Distortion
2.7% at 2400W, meets UL1741 and IEEE1547.1
requirements IEC/EN 61000-3-2; Class A EU
Limits;
IEC 61400-21
Maximum output fault current (ac) and duration
720 A, Instantaneous
Maximum output overcurrent protection
25 A, Fused
Normal operation temperature range
-40° C to +50° C (-40° F to +122° F)
Maximum (continuous) output power @ +25° C (+77° F)
2.3 kW
Maximum (continuous) output power @ +50° C (+122° F)
1.5 kW
Limits of accuracy of frequency measurement
+ 0.05 Hz
Limits of accuracy of Voltage measurement
+/-2.0 V L-N
Trip Time Accuracy
+/- 32 ms
Surge Rating
IEEE 1547 Surge Rating B
European Requirement IEC 61000-4-5
Sound Pressure Level
46.4 dB(A) at 60 m, 8 m/s
1 Power performance testing by WINDTEST, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Koog, Germany; November 14, 2008 - March 22, 2009. With
Combined Standard Uncertainty. Reference air density: 1.22 kg/ m3.
1 Power performance testing by WINDTEST, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Koog, Germany; November 14, 2008 - March 22, 2009. With
Combined Standard Uncertainty. Reference air density: 1.22 kg/ m3.

Skystream Owner’s Manual 3-CMLT-1054 Rev O XCO 1191 Pg. 7
North America
Voltage and Frequency Trip Points (North American)
Utility Interconnection VAC trip limits and times.
240 / 120 V Mode
208 / 120 V Mode
Magnitude
Max Time
Magnitude
Max Time
Overvoltage / Fast (120%)
288 / 144
0.16 sec
249.6 / 144
0.16 sec
Overvoltage / Slow (110%)
264 / 132
1 sec
228.8 / 132
1 sec
Undervoltage / Slow (88%)
211.2 / 105.6
2 sec
183 / 105.6
2 sec
Undervoltage / Fast (59%)
120 / 60
0.16 sec
104 / 60
0.16 sec
High
60.5 Hz
0.16 sec
60.5 Hz
0.16 sec
Low
59.3 Hz
0.16 sec
59.3 Hz
0.16 sec
Refer to production test result printout included with shipment.
Tower Data (Loads calculated at 145 mph - 65 m/s)
Note: Loads do not include safety factor. XZERES Wind recommends minimum safety factor of 1.5
Shaft Thrust 630 lbs (2802 N)
Downward 210 lbs (932 N)
Bending Moment 1130 lb-ft (1532 N·m)
Europe
Voltage and Frequency Trip Points
Configuration
Condition
UK
Italy
France
Germany
Units
Voltage Stop, minimum
207.0
184.0
194.0
184.0
Volts
Voltage Stop, maximum
264.0
276.0
266.0
264.5
Volts
Voltage Fast Stop, minimum
115.0
115.0
195.5
184.0
Volts
Voltage Fast Stop, maximum
276.0
277.0
264.5
276.0
Volts
Voltage Start, minimum
208.0
185.0
196.5
185.0
Volts
Voltage Start, maximum
263.0
275.0
263.5
252.0
Volts
Frequency Stop, minimum
47.0
49.3
49.5
47.5
Hz
Frequency Stop, maximum
50.5
50.3
50.5
50.2
Hz
Frequency Start, minimum
47.1
49.4
49.6
47.4
Hz
Frequency Start, maximum
50.4
50.2
50.4
50.1
Hz
Minimum Start Time after fault
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
Seconds
Tower Data (Loads calculated at 145 mph - 65 m/s)
Note: Loads do not include safety factor. XZERES Wind recommends minimum safety factor of 1.5
Shaft Thrust 630 lbs (2802 N)
Downward 210 lbs (932 N)
Bending Moment 1130 lb-ft (1532 N·m)

Skystream Owner’s Manual 3-CMLT-1054 Rev O XCO 1191 Pg. 8
European Grid Standards
Skystream 3.7 complies with the relevant grid connection requirements taken from the following
European Grid Codes:
• Verband der Electrizitätswirtschaft – VDEW –e.V. “Eigenerzeugungsanlagen am
Niederspannungsnetz” (generation units at low voltage level), 4th Edition, 2001, Germany
• ENA Energy Networks Association “Engineering Recommendation G83/1 –Recommendations for the
connection of small-scale embedded generators (up to 16 A per phase) in parallel with the public low
voltage distribution networks”’ September 2003
• EDF Référentiel Technique “Modele de Contrat de raccordment, d’accés et d’exploitation pour une
installation de production de puissant ≤ 36 kVA rac cordée au Réseau Public de Distribution basse
tension Conditions Générales” / Standard Form Agreement for the Connection, Access and Operation
of Power Generating Stations ≤ 36 kVA Connected to the Public Low Voltage Distribution Network
General Terms and Conditions”, Referentiel technique –NOPRES_55E, Vesion V6, 2006, France.
• DIN V VDE V 0126-1-1 (VDE V 0126-1-1) “Automatic disconnection device between a generator and
the public low voltage grid”, February 2006 Germany.
• Italian Standard CEI 11-20 “Electrical energy production systems and uninterruptible power systems
connected to LV and MV networks”
• ÖVE/ÖNORM prEN 50438 “ Requirements for the connection of micro-cogenerators in parallel with
public low-voltage distribution system”, 01.10.2004

Skystream Owner’s Manual 3-CMLT-1054 Rev O XCO 1191 Pg. 9
PRIOR TO INSTALLATION
Intended Use
Skystream 3.7 is a wind powered electricity generator containing an integral AC power inverter. It is
designed to supplement the electrical power provided by the local electrical utility company in
residential applications by connecting directly to the main AC utility panel. Skystream 3.7 may also be
utilized to provide power with battery based residential electrical systems or utility grid connected
systems with battery backup. A typical Skystream installation is depicted in Figure 1 of this manual.
Skystream 3.7 is designed to operate at sites with average wind speeds less than 8.5 m/s - IEC
(International Electrotechnical Commission) Class II wind conditions. The installation of Skystream at
sites with higher average wind speeds will accelerate component wear and require more frequent
inspections.
Unintended Use
Utilizing Skystream 3.7 for other than its intended purposes or with inappropriate equipment or
modifying Skystream is not authorized by XZERES Wind and will void the warranty and may result in
serious or even fatal injury. Observe the following precautions.
•Disconnect power to Skystream prior to servicing –observe “Lock-out” and “Tag-out” procedures.
•Observe all Electrical Code Requirements including tower grounding requirements, electrical
disconnect switches, wire sizes and types. Reference the appendices in this manual.
•Skystream may only be installed on a tower approved by XZERES Wind for use with Skystream. Do
not install Skystream on roofs or on unauthorized towers.
•Do not use unauthorized fasteners. Use fasteners supplied with Skystream. Contact your dealer for
authorized replacement fasteners.
•Observe fastener torque requirements.
•Do not attempt to modify Skystream in any fashion –internally or externally.
•Do not install blades other than those supplied with Skystream. Use only genuine replacement
blades supplied by XZERES Wind.
•Do not attempt to use a power source other than the wind to power Skystream –for example
connecting pulleys or as water powered turbine.
IMPORTANT: Precautions listed here cannot address all the possible misuses of Skystream,
therefore contact XZERES Wind. If there is any doubt or question regarding the installation or
use of Skystream.

Skystream Owner’s Manual 3-CMLT-1054 Rev O XCO 1191 Pg. 10
Your Skystream Shipment Includes:
Your Skystream shipment includes the following components. For your convenience a small quantity of
spare fasteners is included with each Skystream. The quantities indicated below are quantities required
to assemble Skystream:
Turbine Assembly on Pallet
•Includes: turbine, nosecone, blade hub, blade plate (screwed to pallet), M42 hub mounting nut.
Blades (may be shipped separately)
•Blade mounting hardware
- M10 x 120, grade 10.9, hex head bolts (quantity 12)
- M10, grade 10.9, nut (quantity 12)
Nosecone Mounting Hardware
•M6 x 12 socket head screws, A2 stainless steel (quantity 3)
Skystream to Tower Mounting Hardware
•Vibration Isolators (quantity 8)
•Vibration Isolator Snubbing Washers (quantity 8)
•M12 x 90 hex head bolts, grade 10.9 (quantity 8)
•M12 nuts, grade 10.9 (quantity 8)
Yaw Shield
•Yaw shield halves (quantity 2)
•M5 x 12 socket head screws (quantity 4)
Strain Relief Cover
•Cover with ground wire (quantity 1)
•M5 x 12 socket head screws (quantity 4)
Miscellaneous
•RF antenna (quantity 1)
Skyview Interface Kit
•Permits remote monitoring of Skystream performance via personnel computer.
TIP: See exploded view on page 23.
Installation Personnel
XZERES Wind recommends professional installation of Skystream. While Skystream is not difficult to
install, and many homeowners have successfully installed their own Skystream, knowledge of local
zoning and building code requirements, construction techniques, as well as residential electrical
systems is required for a safe installation.
Skystream dealers displaying the following insignia have completed factory training on the correct and
safe installation of Skystream.