AirBorn ELECTRONICS PG8952 User manual

1PG8952
V1.01
ELECTRONICS
Suite 201, 19-21 Berry Street, P O Box 1491,
North Sydney, NSW 2060, Australia
ELECTRONICS Internet: [email protected]
Data/Fax [phone]
Tel [phone]
DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS
• Erases, Programs & Verifies Atmel 40 pin micros
• 89C51/52 Devices use FLASH program memory
- Can be reprogrammed 1000 times per chip
- 10ms electronic erasure, vs. 30 minute UV
• Programmer interface is PC serial compatible
- 9600 Baud, 8 data, 2 stop bits, no parity
- Accepts standard Intel Hex files
- Programs on the fly - during serial download
• Stand-alone test switch
-AllowschipoperatingtestwithoutPCdownload
- Tests for blank chip without PC download
-Reads &Verifies chipdata againstlast checksum
PG8952
89C51/89C52/89C55 Programmer - Intel Hex serial ELECTRONICS
Reissue: 17 October 2008
DB9 Serial
Connector
Device
Socket
PG8952 LAYOUT
• Green/Red Indicator LEDs
• Programs Security bits, if required
- Dipswitch selectable
• One Step program operation, as set by dipswitch
- Download starts Test/Erase/Program/Verify
• No special PC software required
• Programs 89C51, 89C52, 89C55, 89LV51,
89LV52, 89C55
• Fast operation - programs 4kbytes in 12 sec (typ)
• Powered by DC plug pack (supplied)
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
ThePG8952isadevelopmentprogrammerfortheATMEL
AT89C51 family, - Referred to as the 89C51. References
made here to the 89C51 apply equally to the 89C52/55.
The PG8952 allows testing, erasure, programming, verifi-
cation and security protection of 89C51 devices. The
programmer is fast, small and simple to use.
The Programmer may be connected to a PC or other host
by a serial cable. The data to be downloaded to the
programmer is transmitted in Intel Hex format. The
programmerwill erase& program,verify, writeprotect and
security protect as it receives the file, according to the
settings on its Dip switches.
The PG8952 can be used stand-alone by inserting an
89C51 and pushing the Manual test switch, in this mode it
indicates Tested, Blank and Verified checksum conditions.
In normal use device programming consists of:
• Insert an 89C51 (Manual Test if desired)
• Download intel hex file (Causes programming)
• Watch LEDs (Indicatessuccessorfailure)
The speed of programming is limited by the speed of
download, and for a 4 kilobyte file - the capacity of the
89C51- thiswill typicallybe 12seconds. Shorter programs
will complete more quickly. The PC serial should be run at
9600 Baud, no parity, 8 data bits, 2 stop bits - do not using
other settings when downloading data.
The 89C51 should be inserted into the programmer with
pin 1 at the top left position of the socket.
Indication
LEDs
ON DIP
1 2 3 4
Dip Switch
Power
Supply
Pin 1 on
Device
Test Switch

ELECTRONICS
2PG8952
V1.01
The Pinout of the PG8952 Connector is:
Pin 1,4,6 Looped together DCD,DTR,DSR
Pin 2 TxD (Unused) RxD on PC
Pin 3 RxD on PG8952 TxD on PC
Pin 5 Ground Gnd on PC
Pin 7,8 Looped together RTS,CTSonPC
Pin 9 No connection RI on PC
For hosts other than a PC the only two connections that
mustbemadeareRxD(Pin3)andGround(Pin5). TxD(Pin
2) should be connected if possible for future upgradeability.
Signal level should be compliant with the EIA232 standard.
SERIAL PROTOCOL
Downloaded files should be Intel(tm) Hex format, Serial at
9600 Baud, 8 data bits, 2 stop bits, no parity. Ensure that
the full 8 bits and 2 stop bits is present in your configuration
of the PC serial port.
CARE & ENVIRONMENT
In common with most development programmers, the
PG8952 is supplied as a bare board with rubber feet.
Protect the unit from short circuit, liquid spills, impact,
humidity, and foreign matter.
HARDWARE
DC POWER SOURCE
The PG8952 programmer unit is supplied with a DC plug
pack power supply (Also called an AC adaptor). Use only
this DC plug pack with the unit to avoid damage to the
programmer. Thecurrentconsumptionoftheprogrammer
unit is less than 75ma, and the voltage of the DC power
supply under this small load is a nominal 16VDC, negative
to the centre pin of the 2.5mm DC power socket.
SERIAL CONNECTOR
The connector required for interface to the PG8952 pro-
grammer is a DB9 male. The cable required from a PC to
the PG8952 is DB9 female to DB9 male straight through -
meaning pin 1 of the first connector goes to pin 1 of the
second connector, pin 2 to pin 2 and so forth. If the PC
serial port has a DB25 connector, a DB25 to DB9 adaptor
will also be required. Cable length should not exceed 6m.
The DB9F-DB9M cable and the DB25-DB9 adaptor are
standard accessories available from PC hardware suppliers.
The PG8952 unit requires no handshaking signals, how-
ever many PC programs need correct assertion of hand-
shake signals before they will transmit. The PG8952 loops
back the PC handshake outputs so that the inputs are
correctly asserted.
HOST SOFTWARE
DEVELOPMENT SOFTWARE
The89C51usesthe8051instructionsetandI/O-theserial
port, all timers, interrupts, registers and instructions (includ-
ing Long Jumps and Calls) are implemented. Other mem-
bers of the Atmel 40 pin micro family have additional
features. 89C51 software development can use standard
8051 assemblers, C compilers (in Tiny mode), and library
code.
DOWNLOAD
On a PC, the data may be downloaded by any program that
can transmit data out through the COM port. From the
DOS prompt this can be performed using the copy com-
mand after the serial port is appropriately configured using
the mode command. The two commands are:
Mode COM1:9600,N,8,2
Copy Myfile.hex COM1
Where the source file name should replace "Myfile.hex",
and COM2 might need to be specified instead of COM1.
During the development process, a batch file is usually
executed to compile and/or assemble then link the code.
These two command lines can be appended to the end of
the batch file to automatically program a new device after
each assembly.
A final batch file might look like:
Tasm -51 example.asm example.hex
@echo Insert an 89C51 into programmer
@pause
mode COM1:9600,N,8,2
copy example.hex COM1
Downloadcan alsobe achievedusing aterminal emulatorin
ASCII Transfer mode. A number of products will do this
satifactorily, including Telix and Windows Terminal. Using
one of these products to download can be a very useful way
tostart usingthe PG8952,when perhapsthe serialconnec-
tionisnot100%proven,oroneofanumberofdifferentfiles
may need to be downloaded.
DOWNLOAD DATA
More than one Intel Hex file may be transmitted to the
PG8952, as long as they follow in rapid succession - no
morethan asecond betweenfiles. For thisreason, multiple
files should be read from your hard disk, not a floppy drive.
The "Intel Hex terminator" is not required, and is ignored if
sent.
Download data should not have two values for the same
locationinmemory. Thiscausesthelocationtobeoverwrit-
ten - something that is usually not possible with PROM. A
Hexfilethatwritestothesamebytelocationtwicecancause
each programming attempt to fail - which is very confusing
to the operator, as it is normally a chip failure that causes
this. Thiscaution isneeded whenusing thePG8952 andall
other programming equipment using Hex files.
BINARY DATA
Most 8051 development software is capable of producing
Intel Hex files. To program a binary file using the PG8952
itis necessaryto translateit intoIntel Hexformat first,using
a utility such as the program BINTOHEX.

3PG8952
V1.01
ELECTRONICS
Suite 201, 19-21 Berry Street, P O Box 1491,
North Sydney, NSW 2060, Australia
ELECTRONICS Internet: [email protected]
Data/Fax [phone]
Tel [phone]
If LOCK is desired, WRITE PROTECT should be set ON as
well. Attemptstoreadfromasecureddevicewillreturn"Bad
Chip" result code, but the device will still execute. The
security setting may be overridden by erasing the 89C51
device and then reprogramming in entirety.
STANDARD SETTINGS: NORMAL OPERATION
The illustrated dipswitch settings are suitable for normal
operation - Download will cause Erase then Programming
of the 89C51device. The device may be subsequently
verified.
STANDARD SETTINGS: SECURITY OPERATION
The illustrated dipswitch settings are suitable for security
operation - Download will cause Erase, programming, then
security bit locking. The device will be subsequently unread-
able.
WhenSECURITY OPERATION(as distinctfrom NORMAL
OPERATION) is selected for the PG8952, the 89C51
VERIFICATION operation occurs prior to setting the lock
bits,so theLED STATUSINDICATIONS arecorrect forthe
programmingoperation. Furthermanualtestwillreturnthe
"Bad Chip" indication, as the signature cannot be read.
PG8952 OPERATION
POWER ON
At power on the PG8952 programmer unit indicates
operation by flashing the Red and Green indication LEDs
rapidly. The PG8952 changes to an idle-condition display
after a short period where the both indication LEDs are
illuminated at half brightness. From the idle condition the
PG8952 is ready for Manual test or download.
MANUAL TEST SWITCH
The PG8952 can be used stand-alone by inserting an
89C51 and operating the Manual test switch, in this mode
the PG8952 Tests, Blank checks, and Verifies the check-
sum. Checksum verification works only for micros of the
same memory size as that in the programmer at download.
The Test results are listed under LED STATUS INDICA-
TIONS. Themanual testswitch verifiesthe checksumof the
device against the checksum of the last PC download.
Secured devices - devices programmed and then locked to
unreadablebysettingthesecuritybit-willtestas"BadChip".
DOWNLOAD AND PROGRAMMING
Downloading an Intel Hex file to the PG8952 triggers
89C51 TESTING and then programming, as selected by
theDIPSWITCHSETTINGS,then89C51VERIFICATION.
By selecting the correct Dipswitch options, the program-
mingoperation becomesautomatic, andit isonly necessary
to insert the device, download, and watch the LEDs for the
result.
89C51 TESTING
The 89C51 is tested when the manual test switch is
operated or when an Intel Hex download begins. The test
consists of powering up the chip and reading the device
signature. Ifavalidsignaturecannotbereadfromthedevice
then the BAD CHIP indication is shown (see LED STATUS
INDICATIONS). If a valid signature is read, the test is
passed.
89C51 VERIFICATION
DuringManualtestandafterprogramming,the89C51data
is verified by reading all bytes and comparing the checksum
withthat ofthe lastdownload. The resultis displayedon the
LED STATUS INDICATORS.
1 2 3 4 ON DIP
Normal operation
Erase, Program on
(May be verified)
1 2 3 4 ON DIP
Security operation
Erase,Prog,Lock on
(Reads as 'Bad Chip')
DIPSWITCH SETTINGS
There are four Dipswitches, each controlling a program-
ming function. There is a special case when all four
dipswitches are off. When all four dipswitches are off, no
erase program or security setting operation occurs during
the download, so the 89C51 chip data is verified byte-for-
byte by comparison with the download data instead. LEDs
show the verify result.
Special download software outside the scope of this docu-
ment may temporarily override the dipswitch settings.
1. ERASE DIPSWITCH
When this dipswitch is ON, the 89C51 will be erased when
thestart ofan IntelHex fileis recievedby thePG8952. This
readiesthe89C51forprogramming. IftheERASEdipswitch
is on and all others are off, the device is erased but not
programmed by the download. When erased, the entire
89C51 FLASH program memory is set to hex value 0FFh.
2. PROGRAM DIPSWITCH
When this dipswitch is ON the 89C51 will be programmed
with the data in the Intel Hex file recieved by the PG8952.
If the ERASE dipswitch is off and the PROGRAM dipswitch
is on, the device programming is attempted without first
erasing the device.
3. WRITE PROTECT DIPSWITCH
When this dipswitch is ON further programming of the
89C51 FLASH memory is disabled, when the current
download to the PG8952 has completed. This setting may
be overridden by erasing the 89C51 device and then
reprogramming in entirety.
4. LOCK AFTER PROGRAM DIPSWITCH
WhenboththeWRITEPROTECTandtheLOCKdipswitches
are ON, further programming of the 89C51 FLASH mem-
ory,and furtherverification ofthe 89C51FLASH memory,
is disabled when the current download to the PG8952 has
completed.

ELECTRONICS
4PG8952
V1.01
ELECTRONICS
Suite 501A, 220 Pacific Hwy, P O Box 1491,
North Sydney, NSW 2060, Australia
Ph [phone] Fax [phone]
Original Copyright © 1997 AirBorn Electronics
LED STATUS INDICATION
Atpower-on thePG8952 programmerunit indicatesopera-
tion by flashing the Red and Green indication LEDs rapidly.
During the few seconds of download the Red and Green
indication LEDs will be active in response to the serial data
and programming operation.
Whenthe manualtest switchis operated,or aprogramming
operation has completed, the PG8952 indicates the condi-
tion of the 89C51 device on the status LEDs.
LED STATUS INDICATION CONDITIONS
A short period after power on, or any operation, the
PG8952 changes back to an idle-condition display where
both indication LEDs are illuminated at half brightness.
The89C51 testscorrectly andis blank. ABlank 89C51has
all bytes set to 0FFh.
89C51 VERIFICATION - the checksum matches. After
download this indication means the 89C51 data matches
the data downloaded.
Red/Grn flash - Blank
Grn solid - Program Verified
Red/Grn on - Idle
Red flash - Bad chip
GETTING STARTED
INSTALLATION AND TEST OF THE PG8952
•Connect the plug pack (refer to DC POWER SOURCE)
•Insert a new 89C51 device (note correct orientation of
the chip - refer to PG8952 LAYOUT)
•Pressthemanualtestswitch(refertoMAN.TESTSWITCH)
•Observe LEDs (refer to LED STATUS INDICATION)
•LEDs should indicate a Blank device
ConnectserialcabletoPC,refertoSERIALCONNECTOR.
Download is normally accomplished as part of a "make"
batch file when assembling (refer to DOWNLOAD). How-
ever for test it is often more convenient to use a terminal
emulator - such as Telix or Windows Terminal.
Using a terminal emulator set to 9600,N,8,2 as specified
underSERIALPROTOCOL,transmitasinglecoloncharac-
ter - ":". If the connections to the PG8952 are correct, and
the character is transmitted by the PC COM port correctly,
the PG8952 will respond to the single colon character by
testing the 89C51 in its socket.
If a terminal emulator is not available, a colon may be easily
transmittedfrom theDOS promptwith thecommand lines:
Mode com1:9600,N,8,2
Echo :>com1
COM2 may be used if required. This command works
withoutinterrupts,andalsofromaWindows"MSDOSbox".
If the PG8952 does not respond, some detective work will
berequired. Checktheterminalemulatorsettings,thecable
to the PG8952, the COM port itself, and interrupt settings
of both the COM port and other devices in the system (e.g.
network cards). Proprietry programs such as "CheckIt" and
devices such as RS232-LED testers may be helpful in
isolating the problem. An LED tester will show no signal
from the PG8952 - this is normal - COMs to the PG8952
is one way.
When the PG8952 responds to ":" the system is tested and
ready for use - set the Dipswitch to normal STANDARD
SETTINGS, download an Intel Hex file, and program!
89C51 TESTING Failed - the device signature inside the
89C51 chip could not be read - implying that the 89C51 is
not operating, the PG8952 socket is empty, or the chip is
secured.
The 89C51 TESTING was okay, but the data in the device
does not match the last download. The 89C51 is not
programmed correctly.
Duringmanualtest,thisindicationmeansthatthechecksum
of the 89C51 does not match the checksum of the last
download. Whenaspecialverifyoperationisperformed(All
Dipswitches off during download), this indication means
that the 89C51 data did not completely match the down-
load data on a byte for byte compare.
The"failed Prog"indication canbe causedby achip thatwill
notprogramcorrectly,dataerrorsduringthedownload,and
attempting to program over already programmed bytes
without erasing - this can occur when attempting to write
two different values to the same program location, or when
attempting to program without erasing.
Red solid - failed Prog,
or data didn't checksum