Auralic ALTAIR User manual

ALTAIR Wireless Streaming DAC
USER’S GUIDE
For Firmware Version 4.0 and Above
Revision 1.0
AURALIC HONG KONG LIMITED
Room 1501(114), 15/F SPA Centre, 53-55 Lockhart Road, Hong Kong
Phone: [phone]. Fax: [phone]
Email: [email protected] | Website: www.auralic.com

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Copyright © 2008-2016 AURALIC HONG KONG LIMITED (AURALiC) and licensors.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication including but not limited to, graphics, text,
code or interactive features, may be reproduced without the express written permission
from AURALiC or its licensors. The content of this manual is provided for information use
only, is subject to change without notice, and should not be construed as a commitment by
AURALiC. AURALiC assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies
that may appear in this manual. AURALiC, inspire the music, Lightning Streaming, Ac-
tiveUSB, AFN402, Alire, Purer-Power, ORFEO and their graphic logos are trademarks or
registered trademarks of AURALiC in the Hong Kong and/or other countries. AURALiC's
trademarks may not be used in connection with any product or service that is not AURAL-
iC's, in any manner that is likely to cause confusion among customers or in any manner
that disparages or discredits AURALiC. All other trademarks not owned by AURALiC that
appear on this site are the property of their respective owners, who may or may not be
affiliated with, connected to, or sponsored by AURALiC.

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Welcome
Thank you for choosing AURALiC product. ALTAIR is a perfect single-box music source for
your modern HiFi system. It combines a High-End DAC with world class wireless stream-
ing solution.
l High-End Wireless Streaming
ALTAIR is equipped with AURALiC’s award-winning Lightning streaming technology
that supports DXD and Quad-Rate DSD playback through Wi-Fi network. It also sup-
ports several advanced features such as gapless playback, multiple-room func-
tions. Memory Playback, the latest feature added to Lightning streaming technology
allows ALTAIR to fetch and cache the entire track in its on-board memory or system
storage in advance, and then to play locally without any network data transfer needed,
in order to improve the sound quality to the highest level.
l 15 Input Sources, More to Come
ALTAIR functions as a home music center designed for virtually all kinds of digital input
sources. By joint-used with Lightning DS, you can stream TIDAL, Qobuz and listen to
Internet Radio lively at any time. ALTAIR’s AirPlay, Songcast and Bluetooth inputs pro-
vide alternative ways to stream your favorite music from Apple Music, Spotify and
other service providers from a smartphone or a computer. The rest of inputs include
AES/EBU, Coaxial, Tosl i nk and USB connection designed for a Computer-as-Source
system.
l Femto Master Clock
The dual-frequency Femto Master Clock inside the ALTAIR is specially designed and
optimized for its ESS Sabre DAC chip: with one frequency for 44.1K and multiple of
44.1K, and with another working frequency for 48K. This design makes ALTAIR to lock
on with highest clock precision (equal to the VEGA’s “EXACT” mode) at all time without
dropouts.
l Full Linear Power Supply
With more and more DACs at this price range starting to use switching power sup-
plies, AURALiC insists on using high performance but costly Purer-Power™ linear
power supply technology on the ALTAIR. With this technology, the noisy AC power
firstly goes into a power purification module, and the DC current and noise from both
within and outside audio frequencies can be reduced by as much as 90dB.
l Flexible Filter Mode
ALTAIR has four built-in filter modes that allow users to customize sound best befitting
their personal preference. Those filter modes were developed from AURALiC’s well
known Flexible Filter Mode in the VEGA Digital Audio Processor, with each containing
several digital filters optimized for a corresponding sampling rate.

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Table of Contents
Warranty'............................................................................................................................'6"
Unpacking'..........................................................................................................................'6"
Placement'and'Cabling'.......................................................................................................'7"
Placement".........................................................................................................................."7"
Check"Your"AC"Mains"Voltage"............................................................................................"7"
Cabling"..............................................................................................................................."8"
Operation'.........................................................................................................................'10"
Power"On/Off"..................................................................................................................."10"
Operation"by"RC-1"Remote"Control"................................................................................."10"
Operation"by"Rotary"Switch"............................................................................................."13"
To'use'ALTAIR 'as'a'streame r'..............................................................................................'14"
To'use'ALTAIR 'as'stand -alone'USB'DAC'.............................................................................'15"
Operation'Menu'...............................................................................................................'16"
1."INPUT"....................................................................................................................."16"
2."BALANCE"................................................................................................................"16"
3."PHASE"....................................................................................................................."16"
4."FILTER"....................................................................................................................."16"
5."SYSTEM".................................................................................................................."17"
6."SYSTEM"(PAGE"2)"...................................................................................................."18"
Maintenance'&'Service'.....................................................................................................'19"
Maintenance"...................................................................................................................."19"
Service"............................................................................................................................."19"
Contact"............................................................................................................................."19"
Troubleshooting'...............................................................................................................'20"
No"Power"........................................................................................................................."20"
No"Sound"or"Low"Output"................................................................................................."20"
Distorted"or"Partial"Sound"..............................................................................................."20"
Noise"/"Hum"....................................................................................................................."20"
Specifications'...................................................................................................................'21"

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IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
l All safety and operating instructions must be read before actual operation, and re-
tained for future reference.
l This product should be connected only to the type of power source indicated on the
back of the unit. If you are not sure of the type of your mains power supply, please
consult your dealer or local power company.
l To completely disconnect this product from the AC mains, disconnect the power
supply cord plug from the AC receptacle.
l Do not use the product near water, i.e. near a bathtub, kitchen sink, laundry tub, in
a wet basement, near a swimming pool etc.
l Do not install the product near heat sources such as radiators, heat registers,
stoves, or other apparatus that produce heat. See “Placement and Cabling” on
page 7.
l Do not let objects or liquids fall into the product. Do not expose the product to drip-
ping or splashing. Do not place a vessel containing liquid on top of the product.
l Clean only with a soft, dry cloth.
l Do not attempt to service this product yourself. Opening or removing covers may
expose you to dangerous voltage. Refer all servicing to authorized service person-
nel. See “Service” on page 19.

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Warranty
AURALiC offers a 1-Year factory warranty from the date of purchase that can be extended
to a 3-Year lim ited warranty. The additional Two (2) Years Extended Limited Warranty is
available for ALTAIR. This non-transferable warranty is available to the original owner of
the product by completing the product registration including the original sales information
from your authorized AURALiC dealer within 30 days of the purchase date.
IMPORTANT: BY USING YOUR ALTAIR, YOU ARE AGREEING TO BE BOUND BY THE
TERMS OF THE AURALIC ONE (1) YEAR LIMITED WARRANTY (“WARRANTY”) AS
SET OUT BELOW.
http://www.auralic.com/en-us/Lightning/EULA.html#Warranty
Warranty coverage includes all parts and labors. Warranty is void if damage is due to abuse,
neglect or unauthorized modifications. Costs associated with the return of this product are
the sole responsibility of the owner. All repair work must be done by AURALiC or by an
authorized AURALiC repair agency. Work done by unauthorized persons will avoid any
and all warranty coverage. AURALiC products are uniquely identified with a serial number
(S/N) on the back of the unit. This number is required to validate your warranty. Please
provide your serial number if service is required. Before the product can be returned for
service, an RMA (Return Material Authorization) number must be issued by AURALiC.
Contact your dealer or AURALiC for further information. Units without an RMA number will
not be accepted for service.
Unpacking
Please check that the following items are in the box:
l ALTAIR
l AC Power Cable and USB Cable
l Remote Control
l User’s Guide (this book)
l Wi-Fi Antennas (2 pieces)
Carefully unpack each piece, if there is any damage, or if anything is missing, please con-
tact your AURALiC dealer or us directly ([e-mail]). Please be sure to retain
the original shipping carton and all packing materials as they are specially designed to
protect the unit during transportation or shipping when future factory upgraded may be
needed.
ONLY SHIP THIS PRODUCT IN ITS ORIGINAL PACKING!

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Placement and Cabling
Placement
ALTAIR should be placed on a solid and stable surface with good ventilation condition. Do
not install this product near any heat sources such as radiators or other products (such as
amplifiers) that produce heat. Site the product so that its location or position does not in-
terfere with its proper ventilation. For example, it should not be situated on a bed, sofa, rug,
or similar surface that may block the ventilation openings, or placed in a built in installation
such as a bookcase or cabinet that may impede the flow of air through the ventilation
openings.
Ventilation Requirement
ALTAIR dissipates up to 30 Watts of power during normal operation. It
should be installed in a space with at least one inch of clearance above,
behind and on both sides of its enclosure to provide adequate ventilation.
Avoid placing it directly above other equipment that produces heat.
Check Your AC Mains Voltage
ALTAIR is shipped with its mains voltage preset for operations in the destination country /
region. The mains voltage setting is written on the back of the unit, besides the power cord
socket. Mains voltage setting is not intended to be changed by the user. If it needs to be
changed, contact your dealer or AURALiC.
The power cord has a three-wire grounding type plug (a plug having a third pin for ground-
ing). It will only fit into a grounding type power outlet. If you are unable to insert the plug
fully into the outlet, contact your dealer or AURALiC. Do not defeat the safety purpose of
the grounded type plug.
ALTAIR MUST BE USED WITH CORRECT
MAINS VOLTAGE AND PROPERLY EARTHED!

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Cabling
The I/O ports on the rear of the unit are shown as following:
1
Right Balanced Analog Output
8
USB 2.0 High Speed Input
2
Right Single-Ended Analog Output
9
USB DAC Output
3
Left Single-Ended Analog Output
10
USB Storage Input
4
Left Balanced Analog Output
11
Ethernet Connectors
5
AES/EBU Balanced Digital Input
12
WiFi Antenna Connectors
6
Coaxial Digital Input
13
Main Power Switch
7
Tos l ink Digital Input
14
Main Power Inlet Socket
Please make sure to power off all units in your system before any cabling job, failed to
follow this instruction may result in permanent damage to the device and void any warranty.
ALWAYS POWER OFF ALTAIR BEFORE CABLING!
l Analog Outputs
The balanced and single-ended analog outputs of ALTAIR are buffered individually.
These two outputs groups can be used simultaneously. However, we suggest you to
disconnect unused ports to avoid any potential electromagnetic interference induced
by cables.
The amplitude of analog outputs is adjustable with maximum level at about 4.4Vrms
on both XLR and 2.2Vrms on RCA outputs. Please pay double attention NOT to short
any pin of any analog output to ground.

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NEVER SHORT ANY OUTPUT OF ALTAIR TO GROUND!
FAILED TO DO THAT WILL DAMANGE THE UNIT
PERMANENTLY AND WILL VOID FACTORY WARRANTY!
l WiFi, Ethernet for Lightning Streaming
The Lightning Streaming can be activated through Wi-Fi or Ethernet connection.
Please refer to page 14 for detailed instruction on how to setup ALTAIR in your home
network.
l USB Storage Input
The USB storage port can deliver 5V/500mA current to power USB drive. We suggest
you to use self-powered USB drive for better sound quality consideration. To play mu-
sic stored on the USB drive, you need to connect ALTAIR to your home network first,
please refer to page 14 for instruction.
l USB DAC Output
When using ALTAIR as a Lightning streamer, you may connect ALTAIR to a USB DAC,
making it as a digital streamer only. To use this function, you will need to connect
ALTAIR to your home network first, please refer to page 14 for instruction.
l AES/EBU, Coaxial and Toslink Digital Inputs
The AES/EBU, Coaxial and Toslink digital inputs are individually buffered. Maximum
sampling rate supported by these ports is 24 Bit / 192 KHz.
l USB 2.0 High Speed Input
The USB 2.0 Input uses asynchronous transmission mode and is buffered by AURAL-
iC's ActiveUSB technology to further reduce jitter effects. The USB input supports
PCM signals up to 32 Bit / 384KHz, DSD streams at 2.8224 MHz and 5.6448 MHz
through DoP V1.1 protocol and DSD256 through Native DSD on Windows PC with
selected compatible playback software or through other Linux based streamer. The
specific driver is required for proper functioning under Windows PC system, please
refer to ‘To use A LTA IR as s tan dal o ne US B D A C’ on page 15.
l Main Power Inlet Socket
We suggest you to use standalone power supply for the ALTAIR to provide isolation
from other digital source components using switching power supply. The power con-
sumption of ALTAIR is less than 30W, so a heavy gauge power cord is not recom-
mended as the weight of the power cord connector may damage the power cord
socket on the back of the unit. Please double check the AC mains voltage on the back
of the unit before connecting to the power.

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Operation
The front panel of ALTAIR and the display of main screen are shown below:
1
Operation Indicator
5
Special Function Indicators
2
Input Indicator / Playback Status
6
Power LED Indicator
3
Sampling Indicator / Play Timer
7
Rotary Switch
4
Output Volume Indicator
8
Headphone Output
Power On/Off
ALTAIR will power on when the main power switch (13 on the rear of the unit) is toggled
to ‘I’ position and will power off when the power switch is at ‘O’ position.
As soon as ALTAIR is powered on, it will go to sleep mode. In the sleep mode, ALTAIR will
only shut-down some parts of digital circuits, keep all analog on and the Femto clock active.
The Operation Indicator (1) will display at low brightness in sleep mode.
Operation by RC-1 Remote Control
The layout of buttons and key numbers of RC-1 remote control are shown below:

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l Start Work
When powered on, ALTAIR will be in sleep mode automatically. To start work, just press
POWER (01) button, ALTAIR will run self-test and start. This operation is only available
at main screen and is disabled in menu.
l Adjust Volume
Based on your settings, volume can be set by VOL- (05) and VOL+ (06) or DOWN (11)
and UP (10) buttons. A single press will change volume in one step, keep pressing will
change volume continuously. ALTAIR will measure the length you press the buttons and
apply corresponding change acceleration, the longer the volume button is pressed, the
faster the volume will change. This operation is only available at main screen and is
disabled in menu.
l Input Selection
Input can be selected and switched immediately by pressing one of the IPOD (51), USB

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(14), AES (17), COAX (18) and TOS (15) buttons. The corresponding Input Channel
Indicator (2) will show up at main screen. If you want to use streaming, AirPlay, Blue-
tooth and other input channels related to streaming, please use IPOD (51). This
operation is only available at main screen and is disabled in menu.
l Display ON/OFF
Display screen can be manually switched off by pressing the DISPLAY (09) button and
can be re-activated by pressing any button on the remote control. This operation is only
available at main screen and is disabled in menu.
l MUTE/UNMUTE
Pressing the MUTE (02) button on the remote control will change between MUTE and
UNMUTE in sequence. The volume value on the main screen will flash when the unit is
set to MUTE.
l Streaming Transport Control
When used with Lightning streaming input, the following function will be mapped to the
key on the remote control:
Function
Remote Control Button
Play/Pause
Button 0C
Stop
Button 0D
Fast Forward
Button 0B
Backward
Button 0A
Next Track
Button 07
Previous Track
Button 08
Shuffle
Button 1D
Repeat
Button 1C
l Menu Operations
n Enter and Exit Menu
To en t er se tup m enu , p res s MENU (4A) button at main screen. To exit menu at
any position, press EXIT (03) or POWER (01). Any previous operation will not
be saved except for balance setting (see page 17) after an exit operation is ap-
plied. If no operation is applied for 15 seconds, ALTAIR will quit to main screen
automatically.
n Menu Item Selection and Confirmation

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There are two ways to select a menu item. The first is to use navigation buttons
UP (10), DOWN (11), RIGHT (12) and LEFT (13) in any position of the menu.
The alternative way is to use the number buttons 1 to 6 (41 to 46) to select a
menu item with corresponding number. To confirm the operation or enter se-
lected menu, press OK (0F) button. If no operation is applied for 15 seconds,
ALTAIR will quit to main screen automatically.
l Sleep
Press button #01 (POWER) on remote control, a dialog box will appear to confirm the
operation, select YES (by default) and press button OK (0F), the unit will go to sleep
mode or select NO to quit. If no operation is applied for 15 seconds, ALTAIR will quit
to main screen automatically. You can press and hold button #01 (POWER) for 5 se-
conds to put the unit into sleep directly without need to select Yes as confirmation.
Operation by Rotary Switch
ALTAIR uses also a Rotary Switch (7) to make all operations if you don't want to use the
remote control. The rotary switch can be rotated in clockwise or anti-clockwise order at 20
steps for a full cycle and be pushed for confirmation.
l Start Work
After powered on, ALTAIR will be in sleep mode. To start the unit, press the rotary
switch briefly, ALTAIR will run self-test and start.
l Adjust Volume
The easiest way to change the volume is to operate the rotary switch at main screen.
A clockwise rotation will increase volume and an anti-clockwise rotation will decrease
volume. ALTAIR can detect the speed of rotation and apply corresponding acceleration.
At low speed, a single step of rotation means one step of volume change, the higher
speed you rotate, the more steps of volume it will change.
l Menu Operation
To enter setup menu, press the rotary switch briefly to display the menu items, rotate
the switch will highlight the selected menu item in sequence. To enter the selected
menu item or confirm the operation, press the rotary switch briefly. If no operation is
applied for 15 seconds, ALTAIR will quit to main screen automatically.
l Sleep
Press and hold the rotary switch at main screen for 3 seconds, a dialog box will appear

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to confirm the operation, select YES (by default) and press rotary switch to confirm,
or select NO and press rotary switch to quit. If no operation is applied for 15 seconds,
ALTAIR will quit to main screen automatically.
To use ALTAIR as a streamer
To use ALTA I R as a s t rea m er, you w i ll need to c o nn e ct the de v ice to y o ur hom e net w or k
and control it through AURALiC Lightning DS control software. Lightning DS is available
for download free of charge in Apple App store, you will need to have an iPad (iPad 2 or
later model), iPhone (iPhone 4S and later model) or iPod touch (5th generation or later
model) to operate the device. ALTAIR’s streaming function will also compatible with 3rd
party OpenHome/UPnP control software or Roon, It is however the initial setup, such as
WiFi network setup can only be done through Lightning DS.
Lightning DS has built-in animated guide which will help you to setup ALTAIR in your home
network, we highly recommend you to follow the guide to finish the device setup.
Since the ALTAIR device firmware and Lightning DS are designed to update with new fea-
tures from time to time, please visit our online support center to get latest document and
user’s guide.
Please visit SUPPORT.AURALIC.COM to get the latest
version of Lightning Streaming user’s guide for ALTAIR.

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To use ALTAIR as stand-alone USB DAC
Apple Mac OS X 10.6.4 or later, specific Linux system supporting USB 2.0 audio device,
and all AURALiC Lightning streaming bridges such as ARIES do not need driver installation.
USB driver is required for proper operations under all Microsoft Windows operation sys-
tems including Windows 7 / 8 / 10. Please be noticed that Windows XP and Vista operation
are no longer supported.
You can download the latest version of USB drive for Windows operation system through
our support website at: SUPPORT.AURALIC.COM.
No driver is required for Mac OS and Linux based streamer.
Please visit SUPPORT.AURALIC.COM to get the latest version of
USB Audio driver for Windows system (Windows 7, 8, 10 and above)

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Operation Menu
1. INPUT
1. AES
Switch to AES/EBU input channel.
2. COAX
Switch to COAXIAL input channel.
3. STREAM (Default)
Switch ALTAIR to work as a streamer.
4. TOSLINK
Switch to TOSLINK input channel.
5. USB HS
Switch to USB High Speed input channel.
6. BACK
Back to previous menu.
2. BALANCE
This menu is to adjust volume balance between left and right channel. If left and
right channel volumes are not equal, a small icon: will appear on the main
screen at right top corner to remind you of using this option. The default value for
this menu is left = right.
3. PHASE
1. NORMAL (Default)
Set analog output's phase without change.
2. INVERT
Invert the analog output's phase. A small icon: will appear on the main
screen at the right bottom corner to remind you of using this option.
3. BACK
Back to previous menu
4. FILTER
1. PRECISE (default)
PRECISE offers best measurement performance with flat frequency response
well extended to treble. This mode has very small in-band ripple and best stop-
band attenuation performance. PRECISE is best for the playback of orchestral

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music.
2. DYNAMIC
DYNAMIC exhibits a gentler roll-off curve of frequencies; it maintains great in-
band, stop-band performance while trades off small attenuation at treble. DY-
NAMIC is best for the playback of light jazz, chamber music and piano solo.
3. BALANCE
BALANCE is designed to minimize the 'pre-ringing' and 'echo' effects. As a result,
this mode sounds very smooth. However, due to the slow roll-off at high frequency,
it may lose some details in treble for certain kinds of music. BALANCE is best for
vocal, jazz and pop music.
4. SMOOTH
All filters in this mode are designed to optimize the subjective listening experience
at maximum. By using minimum phase design, there is no 'pre-ringing' effect in
this mode, the 'echo' effect is also been reduced as much as possible SMOOTH
is the 'all-best' option for music enjoyment.
5. BACK
Back to previous menu.
5. SYSTEM
1. VOL.MOD
1. MASTER
All input channels will use same volume setting. Default volume at first use is
20 (-40dB).
2. INDVDL (default)
Each input channel has its own volume setting. When you switch to new input
channel, ALTAIR will fade in slowly to avoid sudden loud sound. Default volume
for every input channel is 20(-40dB).
3. BACK
Back to previous menu.
2. DISPLAY
1. KEEP ON (default)
Display will keep on till manually switch off by remote control. Display will light
again by any button on the remote control or the rotary switch.
2. AUTO OFF
The display switches off automatically after 15 seconds without any operation.
And it will light again by any button on the remote control or the rotary switch.
3. DIM
Set display brightness to low.
4. NORMAL (default)
Set display brightness to middle.

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5. BRIGHT
Set display brightness to high.
6. BACK
Back to previous menu.
3. REMOTE
1. VOL- / + (Default)
Use VOL- or VOL+ on the remote control to set the volume.
2. DOWN / UP
Use DOWN or UP button on the remote control to set the volume. Since TAU-
RUS PRE (our balanced preamplifier) uses VOL- or VOL+ to control the volume,
this setting separates volume operations from different units.
3. BACK
Back to previous menu.
4. RESET
Erase all user's settings, restore to factory defaults. A warning message will be
displayed before the operation is processed.
5. NEXT
Go to SYSTEM menu page 2.
6. BACK
Back to previous menu.
6. SYSTEM (PAGE 2)
1. WIFI AP
By using this operation, ALTAIR will create a WiFi network named ‘AURALiC-
Lightning’. By joining this network, you can connect to ALTAIR using Lightning DS
to control ALTAIR join particular home WiFi network or Ethernet. A warning mes-
sage will be displayed before the operation is processed.
2. NETWORK
Display ALTAIR’s current network connection status such as connection type, IP
address, WiFi network name and etc.
3. ABOUT
Display information of this unit including device type, S/N, hardware and firmware
versions.
4. BACK
Back to SYSTEM menu page 1.

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Maintenance & Service
Maintenance
ALTAIR does not require regular maintenance under normal use situation. However, there
are a few things that will help to keep it in good operating and cosmetic conditions:
Cleaning
Only clean the enclosure with a soft, dry cloth.
Extended Non-use
Disconnect ALTAIR from mains power when it will be left unattended or unused for an
extended period of time.
Service
If your ALTAIR encounters a problem, contact your dealer or AURALiC. Do not void the
warranty by allowing unauthorized personnel for repair attempt. Do not attempt to service
the product yourself. Opening the cover may expose you to dangerous voltage, as well as
void the warranty.
Before ALTAIR can be returned for service, an RMA (Return Material Authorization) num-
ber must be issued by AURALiC. Contact your dealer or AURALiC for further information.
Contact
If you have any question, please feel free to contact our technical support department:
AURALIC (Beijing) Technolgoy Co., Ltd.
1F, Building No.7, No.1A Chaoqian Road
Beijing, 102200
China
[email protected]
www.auralic.com

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Troubleshooting
No Power
l Make sure the power cord is connected to both the AC mains connector and an AC
wall outlet.
l Try to change for another power cord.
l Check the AC mains voltage indication on the back of the unit and see if it corresponds
to your local power voltage.
No Sound or Low Output
l Examine all cables to ensure a solid connection between the ALTAIR and associated
components.
l If you are using the USB port, make sure the playback software’s volume is set to an
audible level and not muted.
l Make sure all associated components are powered on.
l Make sure the associated components connected to the selected input has an audible
output signal.
l Try rebooting the ALTAIR (power off the ALTAIR, then power on again).
Distorted or Partial Sound
l Check the output cables between the ALTAIR and the preamplifiers / power amplifiers
/ active loudspeakers, make sure all are well connected.
l Make sure that all speaker connections are tight and that no stray strands of wire
shorting exist within the speaker terminals.
l Try rebooting the ALTAIR (power off the ALTAIR, then power on again).
Noise / Hum
l Check the output cables between the ALTAIR and associated components, make sure
all connections are well done.
l Make sure the output cables between the ALTAIR and the power amplifiers are not
settled near any AC cables, power transformers, or other EMI inducing devices.
l It may be helpful to plug all associated components into the same AC circuit in order
to share a common ground.