Basler BE1-951 User manual

INSTRUCTION MANUAL
FOR
OVERCURRENT PROTECTION SYSTEM
BE1-951
Publication: 9328900990
Revision: L 06/07

9328900990 Rev L BE1-951 Introduction i
INTRODUCTION
This instruction manual provides information about the operation and installation of the BE1-951
Overcurrent Protection System. To accomplish this, the following information is provided:
•General information, specifications, and a Quick Start guide.
•Functional description and setting parameters for the inputs and outputs, protection and control
functions, metering functions, and reporting and alarm functions.
•BESTlogic programmable logic design and programming.
•Documentation of the preprogrammed logic schemes and application tips.
•Description of security and user interface setup including ASCII communication and the human-
machine interface (HMI).
•Installation procedures, dimension drawings, and connection diagrams.
•Description of the front panel HMI and the ASCII command interface with write access security
procedures.
•A summary of setting, metering, reporting, control, and miscellaneous commands.
•Testing and maintenance procedures.
•Description of BESTCOMS graphical user interface (GUI).
•Appendices containing time overcurrent characteristic curves and an ASCII command-HMI cross
reference.
Optional instruction manuals for the BE1-951 include:
•Distributed Network Protocol (DNP) 3.0 (9328900992)
•Modbus™(9328900991).
WARNING!
To avoid personal injury or equipment damage, only qualified personnel should
perform the procedures in this manual.
NOTE
Be sure that the relay is hard-wired to earth ground with no smaller than 12 AWG
copper wire attached to the ground terminal on the rear of the unit case. When
the relay is configured in a system with other devices, it is recommended to use a
separate lead to the ground bus from each unit.

ii BE1-951 Introduction 9328900990 Rev L
First Printing: March 1999
Printed in USA
© 1999-2007 Basler Electric, Highland Illinois 62249 USA
All Rights Reserved
June 2007
It is not the intention of this manual to cover all details and variations in equipment, nor does this manual
provide data for every possible contingency regarding installation or operation. The availability and design
of all features and options are subject to modification without notice. Should further information be
required, contact Basler Electric.
BASLER ELECTRIC
ROUTE 143, BOX 269
HIGHLAND IL 62249 USA
http://www.basler.com, [email protected]
PHONE [phone] FAX [phone]
CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
of Basler Electric, Highland Illinois, USA. It is loaned for confidential use, subject
to return on request, and with the mutual understanding that it will not be used in
any manner detrimental to the interest of Basler Electric.

9328900990 Rev L BE1-951 Introduction iii
REVISION HISTORY
The following information provides a historical summary of the changes made to the BE1-951 hardware,
firmware, and software. The corresponding revisions made to this instruction manual (9328900990) are
also summarized. Revisions are listed in reverse chronological order.
BESTCOMS Software
Version and Date Change
2.06.00, 06/07 •Added Russian language support.
2.05.00, 08/06 •Increased upper limit of Delta Angle setting of Sync-Check function to
99.
2.04.03, 06/06 •Added “G”, “R”, and “C” to Case options in Style Chart Drawing to
support Normally Open Alarm type.
2.04.01, 08/05 •Aligned viewing capability of the 25 Sync Check screen with all
versions of firmware.
•Corrected text box alignment on the Breaker Monitoring screen.
•Enhanced Settings Compare feature.
•Corrected event type alignment issue on the on the Fault Summary
screen.
•Enhanced capability of the Phase and Ground CT Ratio entry screen.
•Added Landscape RTF print setup capability.
2.04.00, 04/05 •Added ability to compare two settings files.
•On the System Setup Summary, Protection and Control tab, the user
can hold the curser over any of the LEDs located next to a function
name and be taken to the setup screen for that function.
•Added DNP settings/scaling screens.
•Improved printout of settings files with extensive comments.
•Inputs 1-4 are referred to as “Energized” or “De-Energized” instead of
“Open” or “Closed”.
2.03.04, 11/04 •60FL can be chosen as a setting to monitor in the Setting Group
Automatic Control Settings.
•Added popup message alert notifying the user to check Vnom setting
if the file was saved by a previous version of BESTCOMS.
2.03.03, 10/04 •The default value of SG-NOM changed from 120 volts to 69.3 volts.
2.03.02, 07/04 •Corrected a 67N Polarization screen so it displays the selected
polarization method.
2.03.01, 02/04 •Changed an incorrect 481 BESTlogic screen label.
•Resolved a problem obtaining the app program version information.
•Resolved a high range error on 81 Inhibit setting.
2.03.00, 12/03 •Resolved a 25 Delta Angle error problem.
•Fixed a problem when using a special character in the File Comments
field.
2.02.00, 01/03 •Fixed a problem with the Setting Range Error Message not
recognizing displayed units.
•Resolved a problem where the 16-bit BESTCOMS will give an error
message after converting most types of database files.
•Improved the Metering screen.
•An error is reported if the name labels are left blank for the Virtual
Test Switch, Virtual Inputs, Virtual Outputs, or the BESTlogic scheme.
•Allows printing of a report even if the SG-ID2 is left blank.

iv BE1-951 Introduction 9328900990 Rev L
BESTCOMS Software
Version and Date Change
2.01.00, 10/01 •Vpn distinction is lost when loading a saved file with Vpn values.
•Removed confusing layout of the 25VM logic screen.
2.00.02, 09/01 •Fixed print out errors involving S#27R, S#25VM, and S#x81 settings.
—, 06/99 •Initial 16-bit release.
Application Firmware
Version and Date Change
2.59.00, 08/06
1.59.00, 08/06 •Style # and firmware version # added to fault summary reports and
sequence of events.
2.58.01, 12/05 •Minor software enhancements.
2.57.00, 03/05
1.57.00, 03/05 •Added DNP scaling in firmware.
1.57.00, 03/05 •Enhanced the Sync Check (25) feature to sync down to 25 Hz.
2.56.01, 01/05 •Enhanced the Sync Check (25) feature to sync down to 25 Hz.
•Improved timing curve “M” of the 51 function.
•Improved IQ metering.
•Enhanced 60FL so it has ability to change the setting group.
•Enhanced the way trip events are recorded.
•Improved IRIG function.
•Improved setting of clock through COM1 (rear RS-232) port.
1.56.00, 12/04 •Improved timing curve “M” of the 51 function.
•Improved IQ metering.
•Enhanced 60FL so it has ability to change the setting group.
•Enhanced the way trip events are recorded.
•Improved IRIG function.
•Improved setting of clock through COM1 (rear RS-232) port.
2.55.00, 04/04
1.55.00, 04/04 •Improved performance of the 60FL function.
•Defined phase-neutral secondary voltage as nominal voltage.
2.54.01, 01/04
1.54.01, 01/04 •Corrected 3-wire, ACB rotation, Max Torque angle problem.
•Enhanced Comtrade config file time stamp calculation to improve
accuracy for large frequency step changes.
•Added Generator and Bus Frequency to the Fault Summary Report
and Comtrade files (Oscillography).
•Updated Comtrade format so that both ’91 and ’99 Comtrade
Standard files can be downloaded.
2.53.01, 08/03
1.53.01, 08/03 •Incorporated 79 reclosing enhancements from BE1-IPS100
development.
•Added 60FL to the Major Alarm as default.
•Enhanced operation of 51 elements applied in directional applications
where load current is in the non-trip direction and is above pickup of
the element.
2.53.00, 08/02
1.53.00, 09/02 •Added negative values for RE-KWH and RE-KVARH.
•Improved stability of the 32 function for 0 power conditions (120 volts,
0 amps).
•Enhanced operation of 62 timers for settings over 10 seconds.
•Enhanced setting group switch initiated by the 79 reclosing function.

9328900990 Rev L BE1-951 Introduction v
Application Firmware
Version and Date Change
2.52.02, 04/02 •Added Reset capability of the BKR OPCNTR when HMI is on Screen
4.3.1.
•Enhanced reporting of the firmware version and increased number of
relay ID characters.
2.52.01, 10/01 •Added real-time clock with 8 hour capacitor backup on all BE1-951
version 2 relays.
•Added support for 4,000 point load profile demand log.
1.51.00, 03/01 •Added the 32 overpower element.
•Added the 159X auxiliary overvoltage element.
•Added the 86 and 186 virtual lockout switches.
•Updated the 25 Sync Check so that when operating in FG>BF mode,
a minimum slip frequency is required for a sync output.
•Updated the 67 function to be user selectable for reference and
tripping elements.
•The relay now performs a 2-cycle pre-dropout fault recording for use
when the BE1-951 does not trip.
•Removed the 79F logic bit (bit 29 in the logic variable status report)
and replaced it with 79RST.
1.50.02, 08/00 •Corrected bug in 25VM, Sync Check Voltage Monitor function logic.
•Revised the 60FL, VT Fuse Loss function logic. The old algorithm
required breaker status to be TRUE (“closed”) to enable the function.
•Corrected the bug in automatic setting group selection associated
with changing groups based upon recloser shot counter.
•Revised target display function for the front panel HMI to include
Distance to Fault.
1.50.01, 06/00 •Revised 60FL function. Reduced fixed time delay from 100 ms to 50
ms and coordinated order of processing of this function with voltage
tripping functions that it supervises.
•Revised the 81, Over/Underfrequency function logic. (The old
algorithm allowed a trip on two consecutive cycles beyond the
threshold setting.)
•Revised DNP protocol to pass level 2 compliance testing.
1.02.02, 04/00 •This version was released after release of version 1.50.00, which was
a major upgrade in functionality for the relay. This version was
released to correct bugs in the original functionality and was mailed to
all purchasers of the BE1-951.
•Revised power fail recovery logic and self-diagnostics function to
prevent inadvertent resets of the microprocessor when operated on
marginal AC power supply source.
•Corrected bugs in Modbus protocol.
•Revised the COMTRADE oscillographic download function to prevent
an invalid COMTRADE file from being created if the oldest record is
being overwritten by a trigger in the middle of the process of
transferring the file.

vi BE1-951 Introduction 9328900990 Rev L
Application Firmware
Version and Date Change
1.50.00, 04/00 •This version was released to provide major upgrades to the original
functionality provided by the BE1-951 and was mailed to all
purchasers.
•Added support (metering and recording) for optional VX, Auxiliary
Voltage input sensing.
•Added 25/25VM, Sync Check with Voltage Monitor function.
•Added 27X, Auxiliary Undervoltage element.
•Revised 59X, Auxiliary Overvoltage function to allow it to monitor the
frequency measured on the VX, Auxiliary Voltage input.
•Added 24, Volts/Hertz Overexcitation element.
•Added 67, Directional Control for all overcurrent tripping elements.
•Added Distance to Fault function.
•Added optional load profile recording function.
•Revised the COMTRADE oscillographic recording function to allow
the 240 cycles of oscillographic memory to be partitioned into 6 to 16
records. Added *.hdr, COMTRADE header file to record the fault
summary and active settings associated with the fault.
•Revised power fail recovery logic and self-diagnostics function to
prevent inadvertent resets of the microprocessor when operated on
marginal AC power supply source.
1.02.01, 11/99 •Corrected bugs in Modbus protocol.
•Revised power fail recovery logic and self-diagnostics function to
reduce the possibility of inadvertent resets of the microprocessor
when operated on marginal AC power supply source.
1.02.00, 11/99 •Revised the ASCII command interface to use SG0CTG as the
command to set the CT ratio for the Optional Independent Ground
input. Originally, the command was SG-CTN. The change was made
to make it consistent with the conventions used. IN, the neutral
element, is the residual of the three-phase current input. IG, the
ground current, is the current measured at the independent ground
current input.
NOTE: The above change makes all previous versions of
firmware incompatible with BESTCOMS, graphical user interface
software.
•Revised the 60FL, VT Fuse Loss function to allow automatic blocking
logic to be individually set for current and voltage functions.
•Corrected bug in 51/27R voltage control phase time overcurrent
function that blocked overcurrent tripping for a 60FL condition when
voltage control was set to Mode C but disabled by setting (S#-
27R=0,C).
1.01.00, 08/99 •Revised oscillographic recording function to increase memory
allocation to 240 cycles of sample data.
•Revised the target reporting function to allow various functions to
adapt the targets that they post based upon user setup parameters.
•Revised the TCM, Trip Circuit Monitor function to allow its application
with AC tripping voltages.
•Revised watt/VAR metering and demand functions for full four-
quadrant metering.
•Revised the V2, negative-sequence voltage measurement function to
properly scale to V phase to neutral base regardless of the three-
phase VT connection parameter setting.
1.00.01, 05/99 •Initial release.

9328900990 Rev L BE1-951 Introduction vii
Hardware
Version and Date Change
Version 2, 08/01 •Added real-time clock with 8-hour capacitor ride through.
•Added battery backup option for real-time clock.
•Added board level input voltage jumpers.
Version 1, 05/99 •Initial release.
Manual
Revision and Date Change
L, 06/07 •Increased 25 Sync-Check phase angle setting from 45 to 99.
•Added style number and firmware version to fault summary reports
and sequence of events screen shots.
•Added manual part number and revision to footers.
K, 06/06 •Added Figure 4-68, Reporting and Alarm Screen, VT Monitor tab.
•Added Figure 14-4, Reporting and Alarms tab.
•Added DNP Table B-13.
•Removed Equations 5 and 6 from Section 3. Re-numbered remaining
equations.
•Updated style chart and drawings to support Normally Open Alarm
output option.
J, 09/05 •Added Section 14, BESTCOMS Software.
•Removed Appendix C, Relay Settings Record.
•Added Registration of Relay and Updating Firmware.
•Added BESTCOMS screens and descriptions throughout manual.
H, 10/04 •Added a discussion of Vnom and Inom to the Measurement Functions
Setup subsection in Section 3, Input and Output Functions.
•Changed the default value of Nominal Volts in Table 3-1 to 69.3.
•Updated Figure 4-30, 60FL Element Logic and Table 4-38, Logic
Parameters in Section 4, Protection and Control.
G, 11/03 •Updated the manual to include the S1 Double-ended case.
•Revised Section 4, Protection and Control, 67 Directional Overcurrent
Element.
•Removed Negative Sequence Overcurrent and added Directional
Power to Table 6-13, Protective Functions with Targets.
•Added 86/186 Lockout Protection to Table 7-1, Logic Variable Names
and Descriptions.
•Revised the test procedure for Negative Sequence Voltage
Polarizing, Ground Overcurrent Elements as discussed in Section 13,
Testing and Maintenance, Directional Overcurrent (67).
F, 08/02 •Updated the procedure in Section 13, Testing and Maintenance that
illustrates how to replace the battery for the real-time clock.
E, 10/01 •Updated Sections 1, 3, 4, 12, and 13 to reflect required information
about battery backup, real time clock, and control input jumper
configurations.
D, 03/01 •Updated Section 4 to reflect the changes in the protection and control
elements.
•Updated the remaining sections of the manual in accordance to the
relays new functions.

viii BE1-951 Introduction 9328900990 Rev L
Manual
Revision and Date Change
C, 09/00 •Updated the drawings and text of the manual to reflect the UL and
CSA approval.
•Added a new testing section.
•Completed a general read through of the manual, updating text in
order to clarify given information and complete an overall consistency
in the manuals appearance.
B, 05/00 •Manual was revised to reflect Phase II information. This included
adding new functions such as the 24, 25, and 67 elements. Auxiliary
elements for 27 and 59 elements were added. Distance to fault was
added. Added information on Variable Length Oscillographic
recording. Increased the style number to 7 digits. Revised the manual
to a single volume binder from a three-volume bound set.
A, 10/99 •Volume 1, Section 4, Protection and Control, VT Fuse Loss Detection
was updated to cover enhancements made to the 60FL function.
•A combined index for both volumes was placed at the end of each
volume.
•Minor revisions and corrections were made throughout the manual.
—, 10/99 •Initial release.

9328900990 Rev L BE1-951 Introduction ix
CONTENTS
SECTION 1 •GENERAL INFORMATION ................................................................................................ 1-1
SECTION 2 •QUICK START....................................................................................................................2-1
SECTION 3 •INPUT AND OUTPUT FUNCTIONS................................................................................... 3-1
SECTION 4 •PROTECTION AND CONTROL......................................................................................... 4-1
SECTION 5 •METERING......................................................................................................................... 5-1
SECTION 6 •REPORTING AND ALARM FUNCTIONS.......................................................................... 6-1
SECTION 7 •BESTlogic PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC............................................................................... 7-1
SECTION 8 •APPLICATION....................................................................................................................8-1
SECTION 9 •SECURITY.......................................................................................................................... 9-1
SECTION 10 •HUMAN-MACHINE INTERFACE ................................................................................... 10-1
SECTION 11 •ASCII COMMAND INTERFACE..................................................................................... 11-1
SECTION 12 •INSTALLATION .............................................................................................................. 12-1
SECTION 13 •TESTING AND MAINTENANCE .................................................................................... 13-1
SECTION 14 •BESTCOMS SOFTWARE.............................................................................................. 14-1
APPENDIX A •TIME OVERCURRENT CHARACTERISTIC CURVES...................................................A-1
APPENDIX B •COMMAND CROSS-REFERENCE.................................................................................B-1
APPENDIX C •TERMINAL COMMUNICATION.......................................................................................C-1

x BE1-951 Introduction 9328900990 Rev L
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9328900990 Rev L BE1-951 General Information i
SECTION 1 •GENERAL INFORMATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1 •GENERAL INFORMATION ................................................................................................1-1
DESCRIPTION.......................................................................................................................................1-1
FEATURES............................................................................................................................................1-1
Input and Output Functions................................................................................................................1-1
Protection and Control Functions.......................................................................................................1-2
Metering Functions.............................................................................................................................1-3
Reporting and Alarm Functions..........................................................................................................1-3
BESTlogic Programmable Logic ........................................................................................................1-4
Write Access Security ........................................................................................................................1-5
Human-Machine Interface (HMI)........................................................................................................1-5
Communication...................................................................................................................................1-5
PRIMARY APPLICATIONS ...................................................................................................................1-5
MODEL AND STYLE NUMBER DESCRIPTION...................................................................................1-6
General...............................................................................................................................................1-6
Sample Style Number ........................................................................................................................1-6
OPERATIONAL SPECIFICATIONS ......................................................................................................1-7
Metered Current Values and Accuracy ..............................................................................................1-7
Metered Voltage Values and Accuracy..............................................................................................1-7
Metered Frequency Values and Accuracy.........................................................................................1-7
Calculated Values and Accuracy .......................................................................................................1-8
Energy Data Reporting.......................................................................................................................1-8
Real Time Clock.................................................................................................................................1-8
IRIG....................................................................................................................................................1-8
Contact Inputs Recognition Time.......................................................................................................1-9
Time Overcurrent Functions...............................................................................................................1-9
Time Current Characteristic Curves...................................................................................................1-9
Instantaneous Overcurrent Functions................................................................................................1-9
Directional Element (67)...................................................................................................................1-10
Volts/HZ (24) ....................................................................................................................................1-10
Directional Power (32, 132)..............................................................................................................1-11
Sync-Check (25)...............................................................................................................................1-11
Sync-Check, Voltage Monitor (25VM)..............................................................................................1-11
Phase Undervoltage Function (27P)................................................................................................1-11
Auxiliary Undervoltage Function (27X).............................................................................................1-12
Negative-Sequence Voltage Protection (47)....................................................................................1-12
Phase Overvoltage Function (59P)..................................................................................................1-12
Auxiliary Overvoltage Function (59X, 159X)....................................................................................1-13
Over/Underfrequency Functions (81, 181, 281, 381, 481, 581).......................................................1-13
VT Fuse Loss Detection (60FL) .......................................................................................................1-13
Reclosing Timers (79) ......................................................................................................................1-13
Breaker Fail Timer (BF)....................................................................................................................1-13
General Purpose Timers (62, 162)...................................................................................................1-14
Automatic Setting Group Characteristics.........................................................................................1-14
BESTlogic Update Rate ...................................................................................................................1-14
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS.............................................................................................................1-14
AC Current Inputs With 5 A CT........................................................................................................1-14
AC Current Inputs with 1 A CT.........................................................................................................1-14
Phase AC Voltage Inputs.................................................................................................................1-15
Auxiliary AC Voltage Inputs..............................................................................................................1-15
Analog to Digital Converter ..............................................................................................................1-15
Power Supply ...................................................................................................................................1-15
Output Contacts ...............................................................................................................................1-15
Control Inputs...................................................................................................................................1-15
Communication Ports.......................................................................................................................1-16
Display..............................................................................................................................................1-16

ii BE1-951 General Information 9328900990 Rev L
Isolation............................................................................................................................................1-16
Surge Withstand Capability..............................................................................................................1-16
Radio Frequency Interference (RFI).................................................................................................1-16
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)..........................................................................................................1-17
CE Qualified .....................................................................................................................................1-17
UL Recognition.................................................................................................................................1-17
CSA Certification..............................................................................................................................1-17
GOST-R Certification .......................................................................................................................1-17
DNP Certification..............................................................................................................................1-17
Environment .....................................................................................................................................1-17
Shock................................................................................................................................................1-17
Vibration ...........................................................................................................................................1-17
Weight ..............................................................................................................................................1-17
Case Sizes .......................................................................................................................................1-17
Figures
Figure 1-1. Style Chart ..............................................................................................................................1-7
Tables
Table 1-1. Burden....................................................................................................................................1-16

9328900990 Rev L BE1-951 General Information 1-1
SECTION 1 •GENERAL INFORMATION
DESCRIPTION
The BE1-951 Overcurrent Protection System is an economical, microprocessor based, multifunction
system that is available in a drawout, H1 (half-rack), S1, and S1 double-ended packages. BE1-951
features include:
•Directional Three-Phase Overcurrent Protection
•Directional Ground Overcurrent Protection
•Directional Negative-Sequence Overcurrent Protection
•Directional Power Protection
•Control Protection
•Breaker Failure Protection
•Automatic Reclosing
•Voltage Protection
•Frequency Protection
•Breaker Monitoring
•Metering Functions
•Communication
BE1-951 relays have four programmable contact sensing inputs, five programmable outputs, and one
alarm output. Outputs can be assigned to perform protection, control, or indicator operations through
logical programming. For example, protection functions could be programmed to cause a protective trip.
Control functions could be programmed to cause a manual trip, manual close, or automatic reclose.
Indicators could be configured to annunciate relay failure, a settings group change, and others.
Protection scheme designers may select from a number of pre-programmed logic schemes that perform
the most common protection and control requirements. Alternately, a custom scheme can be created
using BESTlogic.
A simplified Getting Started procedure for BE1-951 users is provided in Section 2, Quick Start.
FEATURES
The BE1-951 relay includes many features for the protection, monitoring, and control of power system
equipment. These features include protection and control functions, metering functions, and reporting and
alarm functions. A highly flexible programmable logic system called BESTlogic allows the user to apply
the available functions with complete flexibility and customize the system to meet the requirements of the
protected power system. Programmable I/O, extensive communication features, and an advanced HMI
(human-machine interface) provide easy access to the features provided.
The following information summarizes the capabilities of this multifunction device. Each feature, along
with how to set it up and how to use its outputs is described in complete detail in the later sections of this
manual.
Input and Output Functions
Input functions consist of Power System Measurement and Contact Sensing Inputs. Programmable
Contact Outputs make up the output functions. Input and Output functions are described in the following
paragraphs.
Power System Measurement Functions
Three-phase currents and voltages are digitally sampled and the fundamental is extracted using a
Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) algorithm.
The voltage sensing circuits automatically configure themselves internally for single-phase, three wire or
four wire voltage transformer circuits. Voltage sensing circuitry provides voltage protection, frequency
protection, and watt/var metering. Neutral (residual) and negative voltage magnitudes are derived from
the three-phase voltages. Digital sampling of the measured frequency provides high accuracy at off-
nominal values.
An auxiliary voltage sensing input provides protection capabilities for over/undervoltage monitoring of the
first and third harmonic of the VT source connected to the Vx input. This capability is useful for ground
fault protection or sync-check functions.
Each current sensing circuit is low burden and isolated. Neutral (residual) and negative current
magnitudes are derived from the three-phase currents. An optional independent ground current input is
available for direct measurement of the current in a transformer neutral, tertiary winding, or flux balancing
current transformer.

1-2 BE1-951 General Information 9328900990 Rev L
Contact Sensing Inputs
Four programmable contact sensing inputs (IN1, IN2, IN3, and IN4) with programmable signal
conditioning provide a binary logic interface to the protection and control system. Each input function and
label is programmable using BESTlogic. A user-meaningful label can be assigned to each input and to
each state (energized and de-energized) for use in reporting functions.
Contact Outputs
Five programmable general-purpose contact outputs (OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, OUT4, and OUT5) provide a
binary logic interface to the protection and control system. One programmable, fail-safe contact output
(OUTA) provides an alarm output. Each output function and label is programmable using BESTlogic. A
user-meaningful name can be assigned to each output and to each state (open and closed) for use in
reporting functions. Output logic can be overridden to open, close, or pulse each output contact for testing
or control purposes. All output contacts are trip rated.
Protection and Control Functions
Protection functions consist of Overcurrent, Voltage, Frequency, Breaker Reclosing, Fuse Loss, Breaker
Failure Protection, and general-purpose logic timers. Setting Groups and Virtual Control Switches make
up the control functions. The following paragraphs describe each protection and control function.
Directional Overcurrent Protection
Directional overcurrent protection is provided by six instantaneous overcurrent functions and four time
overcurrent functions. Digital signal processing filters out unwanted harmonic components while providing
fast overcurrent response with limited transient overreach and overtravel.
Each instantaneous overcurrent function has a settable time delay. Phase elements include 50TP,
150TP. Neutral elements include 50TN, and 150TN. Negative elements include 50TQ and 150TQ.
Inverse time-overcurrent functions are provided for phase, neutral, and negative protection. A 51P phase
element, 51N and 151N neutral elements, and a 51Q negative element are provided. Time-overcurrent
functions employ a dynamic integrating timing algorithm covering a range from pickup to 40 times pickup
with selectable instantaneous or integrated reset characteristics. Time overcurrent curves conform to the
IEEE PC37.112 document and include seven curves similar to Westinghouse/ABB CO curves, five curves
similar to GE IAC curves, a fixed time curve, and a user programmable curve. Phase time overcurrent
functions can be voltage restrained or controlled for generator backup applications.
Each overcurrent element can be individually set for forward, reverse, or non-directional control.
Voltage Protection
One volts per hertz protective element provides overexcitation protection for a generator and/or
transformer (24).
One phase overvoltage and one phase undervoltage element provides over/undervoltage protection
(27P, 59P). Phase overvoltage protection can be set for one of three, two of three, or three of three logic.
When a four-wire voltage transformer connection is used, overvoltage protection can be set for either
phase-to-phase voltage or phase-to-neutral voltage.
Two auxiliary overvoltage and one auxiliary undervoltage element provides over/undervoltage protection
(27X, 59X, 159X). Auxiliary voltage protection elements can be set to individually monitor the auxiliary
voltage fundamental, third harmonic or phase 3V0voltages. Ground unbalance protection is provided
when the optional auxiliary voltage input is connected to a source of 3V0such as a broken delta VT.
With the optional auxiliary voltage input connected to the bus, one sync-check function provides
synchronism protection (25). Sync-check protection checks for phase angle difference, magnitude
difference, frequency difference (slip) and, optionally, if the three-phase VT frequency is greater than the
auxiliary VT frequency. Two voltage monitor outputs (25VM1 and 25VM2) provide independent dead/live
voltage closing logic.
One negative-sequence overvoltage element provides protection for phase unbalance or a reverse
system phase (47).
Voltage transformer circuit monitoring adds security by detecting problems in the voltage transformer
sensing circuits and preventing misoperations of the 27P, 47, 59P, and the 51/27 function (60FL).
Directional Power Protection
One directional power element (32) is included in the BE1-951 and can be set for forward or reverse
power protection. The relay can be used for any application requiring directional power flow detection

9328900990 Rev L BE1-951 General Information 1-3
including intertie protection (interconnects between an electric utility and a source of non-utility
generation). The power measurement algorithm is adapted as appropriate for any possible three-phase or
single-phase voltage transformer connection. Directional Power is calibrated on a three-phase basis
regardless of the voltage transformer connection used.
Frequency Protection
Six over/underfrequency protection function blocks are provided: 81, 181, 281, 381, 481, and 581. Each
function block can be set for overfrequency or underfrequency operation.
Breaker Failure Protection
One breaker failure protection block (BF) provides programmable breaker failure protection.
Fuse Loss Protection
A fuse loss function protects against false tripping due to a loss of voltage sensing.
General Purpose Logic Timers
Two general-purpose logic timers (62, 162) with six modes of operation are provided.
Setting Groups
Four setting groups allow adaptive relaying to be implemented to optimize BE1-951 settings for various
operating conditions. Automatic and external logic can be employed to select the active setting group.
Virtual Control Switches
BE1-951 virtual control switches include one virtual breaker control switch and four virtual switches.
Trip and close control of a selected breaker can be controlled by the virtual breaker control switch (101).
The virtual breaker control switch is accessed locally from the front panel human machine interface (HMI)
or remotely from the communication ports.
Additional control is provided by the four virtual switches: 43, 143, 243, and 343. These virtual switches
are accessed locally from the front panel HMI or remotely from the communication ports. Virtual switches
can be used to trip and close additional switches or breakers, or enable and disable certain functions.
Virtual Lockout Protection
The BE1-951 includes two virtual lockout functions (86 and 186) that emulate electric reset lockout relays
and operate as a simple flip/flop. When the trip input is asserted, the output of the function toggles to the
true state and when the reset input is asserted, the output of the function toggles to the false state. If both
inputs are asserted at the same time, the trip input always has priority. The state of the lockout (latch) is
stored in non-volatile memory.
Metering Functions
Metering is provided for all measured currents, voltages, and frequency and all derived neutral and
negative-sequence currents and voltages. Three phase watts, vars, and power factor is provided. Per
phase watts and vars is also provided when the VT connection is 4W.
Reporting and Alarm Functions
Several reporting and alarm functions provide fault reporting, demand, breaker, and trip circuit monitoring,
as well as relay diagnostic and firmware information.
Energy Data Reporting
Energy information in the form of watt-hours and var-hours is measured and reported by the BE1-951.
Both positive and negative values are reported in three-phase, primary units.
Relay Identification
Two free-form fields are provided for the user to enter information to identify the relay. These fields are
used by many of the reporting functions to identify the relay that the report is from. Examples of relay
identification field uses are station name, circuit number, relay system, purchase order, and others.
Clock
A real-time clock is included with a capacitor backup and is available with an optional battery backup.
Depending upon conditions, capacitor backup maintains timekeeping during an eight to 24 hour loss of
operating power. Battery backup maintains timekeeping when operating power is removed for five years
or longer.

1-4 BE1-951 General Information 9328900990 Rev L
IRIG
A standard IRIG input is provided for receiving time synchronization signals from a master clock.
Automatic daylight saving time compensation can be enabled. Time reporting is settable for 12 or 24-hour
format. The date can be formatted as mm/dd/yy or dd/mm/yy.
General Status Reporting
The BE1-951 provides extensive general status reporting for monitoring, commissioning, and
troubleshooting. Status reports are available from the front panel HMI or communication ports.
Demand Reporting
Ampere demand registers monitor phase A, B, C, Neutral, ±Power (kW), ±Reactive Power (kvar), and
Negative-Sequence values. The demand interval and demand calculation method are independently
settable for phase, neutral, and negative measurements. Demand reporting records today's peak,
yesterday's peak, and peak since reset with time stamps for each register.
Breaker Monitoring
Breaker statistics are recorded for a single breaker. They include the number of operations, accumulated
interrupted Ior I2, and breaker time to trip. Each of these conditions can be set to trigger an alarm.
Trip Circuit Monitoring
A trip circuit monitor function is provided to monitor the trip circuit of a breaker or lockout relay for loss of
voltage (fuse blown) or loss of continuity (trip coil open). The monitoring input is internally connected
across OUT1. Additional trip or close circuit monitors can be implemented in BESTlogic using additional
inputs, logic timers, and programmable logic alarms.
Fault Reporting
Fault reports consist of simple target information, fault summary reports, and detailed oscillography
records to enable the user to retrieve information about disturbances in as much detail as is desired. The
relay records and reports oscillography data in industry standard IEEE Comtrade format to allow using
any fault analysis software. Basler Electric provides a Windows® based program called BESTwave that
can read and plot binary or ASCII format files that are in the COMTRADE format.
Sequence of Events Recorder
A 255 event Sequence of Events Recorder (SER) is provided that records and time stamps all relay
inputs and outputs as well as all alarm conditions monitored by the relay. Time stamp resolution is to the
nearest half-cycle. I/O and Alarm reports can be extracted from the records as well as reports of events
recorded during the time span associated with a specific fault report.
Alarm Function
Extensive self-diagnostics will trigger a fatal relay trouble alarm if any of the relay core functions are
adversely affected. Fatal relay trouble alarms are not programmable and are dedicated to the Alarm
output (OUTA) and the front panel Relay Trouble LED. Additional relay trouble alarms and all other alarm
functions are programmable for major or minor priority. Programmed alarms are indicated by major and
minor alarm LEDs on the front panel. Major and minor alarm points can also be programmed to any
output contact including OUTA. Over 20 alarm conditions are available to be monitored including user
definable logic conditions using BESTlogic.
Active alarms can be read and reset from the front panel HMI or from the communication ports. A
historical sequence of events report with time stamps lists when each alarm occurred and cleared. These
reports are available through the communication ports.
Version Report
The version of the embedded software (firmware) is available from the front panel HMI or the
communication ports. The unit serial number and style number is also available through the
communication port.
BESTlogic Programmable Logic
Each BE1-951 protection and control function is implemented in an independent function element. Every
function block is equivalent to its single function, discrete device counterpart so it is immediately familiar
to the protection engineer. Each independent function block has all of the inputs and outputs that the
discrete component counterpart might have. Programming with BESTlogic is equivalent to choosing the

9328900990 Rev L BE1-951 General Information 1-5
devices required by your protection and control scheme and then drawing schematic diagrams to connect
the inputs and outputs to obtain the desired operating logic.
Several preprogrammed logic schemes and a set of custom logic settings are provided. A
preprogrammed scheme can be activated by merely selecting it. Custom logic settings allow you to tailor
the relay functionality to match the needs of your operation's practices and power system requirements.
Write Access Security
Security can be defined for three distinct functional access areas: Settings, Reports, and Control. Each
access area can be assigned its own password. A global password provides access to all three functional
areas. Each of the four passwords can be unique or multiple access areas can share the same password.
A second dimension of security is provided by allowing the user to restrict access for any of the access
areas to only specific communication ports. For example, you could set up security to deny access to
control commands from the rear RS-232 port that is connected through a modem to a telephone line.
Security settings only affect write access. Read access is always available in any area through any port.
Human-Machine Interface (HMI)
Each BE1-951 comes with a front panel display with five LED indicators for Power Supply Status, Relay
Trouble Alarm, Minor Alarm, Major Alarm, and Trip. The lighted, liquid crystal display (LCD) allows the
relay to replace local indication and control functions such as panel metering, alarm annunciation, and
control switches. Four scrolling pushbuttons on the front panel provide a means to navigate through the
menu tree. Edit and Reset pushbuttons provide access to change parameters and reset targets, alarms
and other registers. In Edit mode, the scrolling pushbuttons provide data entry selections. Edit mode is
indicated by an LED on the Edit pushbutton.
The LCD has automatic priority logic to govern what is being displayed on the screen so that when an
operator approaches, the information of most interest is automatically displayed without having to
navigate the menu structure. The order of priorities is:
1. Recloser active
2. Targets
3. Alarms
4. Programmable automatic scrolling list
Up to 16 screens can be defined in the programmable, automatic scroll list.
Communication
Three independent, isolated communication ports provide access to all functions in the relay. COM 0 is a
9-pin RS-232 port located on the front of the case. COM 1 is a 9-pin RS-232 port located on the back of
the case. COM 2 is a two wire RS-485 port located on the back of the case.
An ASCII command interface allows easy interaction with the relay, using standard, off the shelf
communication software. The ASCII command interface is optimized to allow automation of the relay
setting process. Settings files can be captured from the relay and edited using any software that supports
the *.txt file format. These ASCII text files can then be used to set the relay using the send text file
function of your communication software.
ASCII, Modbus™, DNP 3.0, and Basler®TNP protocols are optionally available for the RS-485
communication port. A separate instruction manual is available for each available protocol. Consult the
product bulletin or the factory for availability of these options and instruction manuals.
PRIMARY APPLICATIONS
The BE1-951 Overcurrent Protection System provides complete circuit protection with multiple
overcurrent elements and is intended for use in any directional or non-directional overcurrent application.
Its unique capabilities make it ideally suited for applications where:
•Applications that require low burden to extend the linear range of CTs.
•Applications that require high accuracy across a wide frequency range such as for motor,
generator, and generator step-up transformer protection, or in co-generation facilities.
•Applications that require the flexibility provided by wide settings range, multiple setting groups,
and multiple coordination curves in one unit.

1-6 BE1-951 General Information 9328900990 Rev L
•Applications that require the economy and space savings provided by a multifunction, multiphase
unit. This one unit can provide all of the protection, control, metering, and local and remote
indication functions required on a typical circuit.
•Applications that require directional control and fault locating.
•Applications requiring protection of an intertie between dispersed storage and generation facilities
(DSG) and a utility.
•Transformer backup applications where overexcitation protection is required.
•Applications that require communications and protocol support.
•Applications where the capabilities of a digital multifunction relay are required, yet draw out
construction is also desirable.
•Applications where bus protection is provided by a high-speed overcurrent blocking scheme on
the transformer bus mains instead of a dedicated bus differential circuit.
•Applications where the small size and limited behind-panel projection facilitates modernizing
protection and control systems in existing substations.
MODEL AND STYLE NUMBER DESCRIPTION
General
The BE1-951 Relay electrical characteristics and operational features are defined by a combination of
letters and numbers that make up the style number. The model number, together with the style number,
describe the options included in a specific device and appear in the clear window on the front panel and
on a sticker located inside the case. Upon receipt of a relay, be sure to check the style number against
the requisition and the packing list to ensure that they agree.
Sample Style Number
Style number identification chart, Figure 1-1, defines the electrical characteristics and operational features
included in BE1-951 Relays. For example, if the style number were E3N1H0Y, the device would have the
following characteristics and features:
BE1-951
(E) - 5 ampere nominal system with 5 ampere independent ground input
(3) - Three-phase voltage sensing
(N) - Not applicable
(1) - 48/125 Vac/Vdc power supply
(H) - Half rack case, normally closed alarm output
(0) - ASCII communication
(Y) - 4000 point Data Array