Campbell SDM-AO4A User manual

SDM-AO4A
Four-Channel
Analogue Output
Module
Revision: 01/2021
Copyright © 1986 – 2021
Campbell Scientific
CSL I.D - 915

Guarantee
This equipment is guaranteed against defects in materials and workmanship.
We will repair or replace products which prove to be defective during the
guarantee period as detailed on your invoice, provided they are returned to us
prepaid. The guarantee will not apply to:

Equipment which has been modified or altered in any way without the
written permission of Campbell Scientific

Batteries

Any product which has been subjected to misuse, neglect, acts of God or
damage in transit.
Campbell Scientific will return guaranteed equipment by surface carrier
prepaid. Campbell Scientific will not reimburse the claimant for costs incurred
in removing and/or reinstalling equipment. This guarantee and the Company’s
obligation thereunder is in lieu of all other guarantees, expressed or implied,
including those of suitability and fitness for a particular purpose. Campbell
Scientific is not liable for consequential damage.
Please inform us before returning equipment and obtain a Repair Reference
Number whether the repair is under guarantee or not. Please state the faults as
clearly as possible, and if the product is out of the guarantee period it should
be accompanied by a purchase order. Quotations for repairs can be given on
request. It is the policy of Campbell Scientific to protect the health of its
employees and provide a safe working environment, in support of this policy a
“Declaration of Hazardous Material and Decontamination” form will be
issued for completion.
When returning equipment, the Repair Reference Number must be clearly
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is returned with your goods. Please note your Repair may not be processed if
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Note that goods sent air freight are subject to Customs clearance fees which
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About this manual
Please note that this manual was originally produced by Campbell Scientific Inc. primarily for the North
American market. Some spellings, weights and measures may reflect this origin.
Some useful conversion factors:
Area: 1 in2(square inch) = 645 mm2
Length: 1 in. (inch) = 25.4 mm
1 ft (foot) = 304.8 mm
1 yard = 0.914 m
1 mile = 1.609 km
Mass: 1 oz. (ounce) = 28.35 g
1 lb (pound weight) = 0.454 kg
Pressure: 1 psi (lb/in2) = 68.95 mb
Volume: 1 UK pint = 568.3 ml
1 UK gallon = 4.546 litres
1 US gallon = 3.785 litres
In addition, while most of the information in the manual is correct for all countries, certain information
is specific to the North American market and so may not be applicable to European users.
Differences include the U.S standard external power supply details where some information (for
example the AC transformer input voltage) will not be applicable for British/European use. Please note,
however, that when a power supply adapter is ordered it will be suitable for use in your country.
Reference to some radio transmitters, digital cell phones and aerials may also not be applicable
according to your locality.
Some brackets, shields and enclosure options, including wiring, are not sold as standard items in the
European market; in some cases alternatives are offered. Details of the alternatives will be covered in
separate manuals.
Part numbers prefixed with a “#” symbol are special order parts for use with non-EU variants or for
special installations. Please quote the full part number with the # when ordering.
Recycling information
At the end of this product’s life it should not be put in commercial or domestic refuse but
sent for recycling. Any batteries contained within the product or used during the
products life should be removed from the product and also be sent to an appropriate
recycling facility.
Campbell Scientific Ltd can advise on the recycling of the equipment and in some cases
arrange collection and the correct disposal of it, although charges may apply for some
items or territories.
For further advice or support, please contact Campbell Scientific Ltd, or your local agent.
Campbell Scientific Ltd, 80 Hathern Road, Shepshed, Loughborough, LE12 9GX,
UK Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
www.campbellsci.co.uk

Safety
DANGER —MANY HAZARDS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH INSTALLING, USING, MAINTAINING, AND WORKING ON
OR AROUND TRIPODS, TOWERS, AND ANY ATTACHMENTS TO TRIPODS AND TOWERS SUCH AS SENSORS,
CROSSARMS, ENCLOSURES, ANTENNAS, ETC. FAILURE TO PROPERLY AND COMPLETELY ASSEMBLE,
INSTALL, OPERATE, USE, AND MAINTAIN TRIPODS, TOWERS, AND ATTACHMENTS, AND FAILURE TO HEED
WARNINGS, INCREASES THE RISK OF DEATH, ACCIDENT, SERIOUS INJURY, PROPERTY DAMAGE, AND
PRODUCT FAILURE. TAKE ALL REASONABLE PRECAUTIONS TO AVOID THESE HAZARDS. CHECK WITH YOUR
ORGANIZATION'S SAFETY COORDINATOR (OR POLICY) FOR PROCEDURES AND REQUIRED PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT PRIOR TO PERFORMING ANY WORK.
Use tripods, towers, and attachments to tripods and towers only for purposes for which they are designed. Do not
exceed design limits. Be familiar and comply with all instructions provided in product manuals. Manuals are
available at www.campbellsci.eu or by telephoning [phone] (UK). You are responsible for conformance
with governing codes and regulations, including safety regulations, and the integrity and location of structures or land
to which towers, tripods, and any attachments are attached. Installation sites should be evaluated and approved by a
qualified engineer. If questions or concerns arise regarding installation, use, or maintenance of tripods, towers,
attachments, or electrical connections, consult with a licensed and qualified engineer or electrician.
General
•Prior to performing site or installation work, obtain required approvals and permits. Comply with all
governing structure-height regulations, such as those of the FAA in the USA.
•Use only qualified personnel for installation, use, and maintenance of tripods and towers, and any
attachments to tripods and towers. The use of licensed and qualified contractors is highly recommended.
•Read all applicable instructions carefully and understand procedures thoroughly before beginning work.
•Wear a hardhat and eye protection, and take other appropriate safety precautions while working on or
around tripods and towers.
•Do not climb tripods or towers at any time, and prohibit climbing by other persons. Take reasonable
precautions to secure tripod and tower sites from trespassers.
•Use only manufacturer recommended parts, materials, and tools.
Utility and Electrical
•You can be killed or sustain serious bodily injury if the tripod, tower, or attachments you are installing,
constructing, using, or maintaining, or a tool, stake, or anchor, come in contact with overhead or
underground utility lines.
•Maintain a distance of at least one-and-one-half times structure height, or 20 feet, or the distance
required by applicable law, whichever is greater, between overhead utility lines and the structure (tripod,
tower, attachments, or tools).
•Prior to performing site or installation work, inform all utility companies and have all underground utilities
marked.
•Comply with all electrical codes. Electrical equipment and related grounding devices should be installed
by a licensed and qualified electrician.
Elevated Work and Weather
•Exercise extreme caution when performing elevated work.
•Use appropriate equipment and safety practices.
•During installation and maintenance, keep tower and tripod sites clear of un-trained or non-essential
personnel. Take precautions to prevent elevated tools and objects from dropping.
•Do not perform any work in inclement weather, including wind, rain, snow, lightning, etc.
Maintenance
•Periodically (at least yearly) check for wear and damage, including corrosion, stress cracks, frayed cables,
loose cable clamps, cable tightness, etc. and take necessary corrective actions.
•Periodically (at least yearly) check electrical ground connections.
WHILE EVERY ATTEMPT IS MADE TO EMBODY THE HIGHEST DEGREE OF SAFETY IN ALL CAMPBELL
SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTS, THE CUSTOMER ASSUMES ALL RISK FROM ANY INJURY RESULTING FROM IMPROPER
INSTALLATION, USE, OR MAINTENANCE OF TRIPODS, TOWERS, OR ATTACHMENTS TO TRIPODS AND TOWERS
SUCH AS SENSORS, CROSSARMS, ENCLOSURES, ANTENNAS, ETC.

i
Table of Contents
PDF viewers: These page numbers refer to the printed version of this document. Use the
PDF reader bookmarks tab for links to specific sections.
1. Introduction................................................................ 1
2. Specifications ............................................................ 1
3. Power Supply............................................................. 2
4. Physical Connections ............................................... 2
5. Addressing................................................................. 4
6. Operational Modes .................................................... 4
7. Programming ............................................................. 6
7.1 CRBasic ...............................................................................................7
7.1.1 SDMAO4A() Instruction ..............................................................7
7.1.2 SDMSpeed() Instruction ...............................................................8
7.2 Programming Example.........................................................................9
7.2.1 CR1000X Program Example.........................................................9
Figures
4-1. Front Panel of the SDM-AO4A ...........................................................3
6-1. Synchronous Mode...............................................................................5
6-2. Sequential Mode...................................................................................6
Tables
4-1. Description of Terminal Block Connections........................................3
5-1. SDM-AO4A Addressing ......................................................................4
7-1. Bit Period Values .................................................................................8
CRBasic Example
7-1. CR1000X SDM-AO4A Program Example ..........................................9

1
SDM-AO4A Four-Channel Analogue
Output
1. Introduction
The SDM-AO4A is designed to output four continuous voltages at levels set by
a Campbell Scientific data logger.
For Edlog and other retired data logger support, view an older
version of this manual at www.campbellsci.com/old-manuals.
2. Specifications
± 5 V mode 10 V mode
Vsupply 12 V Nominal (9.6 to 16 V)
Iq (no load, Vout = 0, Vsupply = 12 V) 11 mA typical 21 mA typical
Iq (no load, Vout = Fullscale, Vsupply = 12 V) 13 mA typical 28 mA typical
Iq (w/ load, Vsupply = 12 V) 13 mA + load typical 28 mA + 2.4 × load typical
Iq (power down mode, Vsupply = 12 V) 1.1 mA typical
Range ± 5 V 0-10 V
Resolution 167 µV
Accuracy @ 25°C (20 kOhm load) ± (0.05% of |Vout(V)| + 500 µV) max
Accuracy @ -40° to 60°C (20 kOhm load) ± (0.1% of |Vout(V)| + 500 µV) max
Additional Fullscale Error w/ 50 mA load –1.3 mV typical –1.5 mV typical
Max Iout per Channel 50 mA
Max Iout Total 100 mA
Overcurrent shutdown point 130 ± 15 mA
Size 13.46 × 8.51 × 2.41 cm (5.3 × 3.35 × 0.95 in)
Weight 175 g (6.2 oz)
Operating Temperature Range –40 to 60 °C
View EUdeclaration ofconformity at: www.campbellsci.eu/sdm-ao4a.
NOTE

SDM-AO4A Four-Channel Analogue Output
2
3. Power Supply
The data logger power supply is typically used to power the SDM-AO4A. Use
a rechargeable lead-acid battery, float charged by AC power or a solar panel,
for long-term operation. The PS150 and PS200 power supplies are ideal for
this application. The BPALK alkaline battery pack is rated at 7 amp-hours and
will power one SDM-AO4A for less than one month. This supply is not
recommended for continuous long-term operation.
The SDM-AO4A may also be powered from an external 12 Volt supply,
independent from the data logger supply. The low side of an external 12 Volt
supply should be connected to data logger ground and not directly earth
grounded.
4. Physical Connections
FIGURE 4-1 (p. 3) shows the front panel of the SDM-AO4A. The terminal block
on the left isused for connection to the data logger and the terminal block on
the right provides the continuous analogue output. The two ground ports on
the left block are identical and connected internally.
TABLE 4-1 (p. 3) describes the terminal block connections. Multiple SDM-
AO4As may be used by connecting the data logger side of one SDM-AO4A to
the next as long as each SDM-AO4A isset to a unique address.
The CABLE5CBL-Lor similar cable isused to connect the module tothe data
logger. A 1-ft cable length should be sufficient when both data logger and
module are housed within an ENC12/14 enclosure; a 2-ft length may be
required if thedata logger and SDM-AO4A are housed at opposite ends of an
ENC16/18 enclosure.
CRBasic data loggers should use the SDMSpeed() instruction if thecable
length is longer than 20 feet (see Section 7.1.2, SDMSpeed() Instruction (p. 8)).
Cables connecting the terminals of the data logger and SDM
device must be as short as possible to minimize the risk of
corruption of the signal and damage from induced surges.
When first powered up, the device is in low-power mode until the first valid
SDM instruction is received. In this mode, outputs are pulled to GND.
The order of connections is critical. ALWAYS CONNECT
GROUND FIRST, followed by 12V and then the Control
Ports.
Shielded twisted pair cabling is recommended for wiring the continuous
analogue outputs.
CAUTION
CAUTION

SDM-AO4A Four-Channel Analogue Output
3
FIGURE 4-1. Front Panel of the SDM-AO4A
TABLE 4-1. Description of Terminal Block Connections
SDM-AO4A to Data Logger Connections
12V - 12 volt supply
G - ground
G - ground
C1 C1 (SDM-C1 on CR3000)1
C2 C2 (SDM-C2 on CR3000)1
C3 C3 (SDM-C3 on CR3000)1
SDM-AO4A to Analogue Output Connections
1
⏚
2
⏚
3
⏚
4
⏚
-analogue output #1
-ground
-analogue output #2
-ground
-analogue output #3
-ground
-analogue output #4
-ground
1The CR3000 has a dedicated SDM port with three terminals.

SDM-AO4A Four-Channel Analogue Output
4
5. Addressing
The SDM-AO4A isa synchronously addressed data logger peripheral. Control
Ports 1, 2, and 3, are used to address an SDM-AO4A and send out the digital
millivolt settings for subsequent analogue output. Addressing allows multiple
SDM peripherals to be connected to one data logger.
The SDM-AO4A hassixteen possible addresses, asshown in TABLE 5-1. The
address ishardware selectable using the rotary switch onthe SDM-AO4A. All
SDM-AO4As are shipped with the address set at zero. Address 15 (switch
setting F) isreserved for the SDMTrigger() instruction.
TABLE 5-1. SDM-AO4A Addressing
Address
Rotary
Switch
0 0
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
6 6
7 7
8 8
9 9
10 A
11 B
12 C
13 D
14 E
15 (reserved) F
6. Operational Modes
The SDM-AO4A can be operated in ±5 V mode or 10 V mode. In each of these
modes, the SDM-AO4A can operate synchronously or sequentially.
In synchronous mode, all channels are set at the same time. This mode is
slower since for large changes in voltage it may take multiple charging cycles
to arrive at the final voltage. The steps occur at 5 ms intervals, thus, for a 10V
step in output voltage it may take up to three charge cycles (or 15 ms) to settle
to the 16-bit level. For most slowly changing signals, it will settle in a single
charge cycle.

SDM-AO4A Four-Channel Analogue Output
5
FIGURE 6-1. Synchronous Mode
In sequential mode, the channels are set sequentially. The output signal can
take from 600 µsecs to 1 ms (worst case) to settle to 16-bit resolution with a
10V step change. The four outputs then update 1 ms apart.
SDM Transmission
Vout 1 to Vout 4

SDM-AO4A Four-Channel Analogue Output
6
FIGURE 6-2. Sequential Mode
7. Programming
Compatible CRBasic data loggers are programmed to use the SDM-AO4A
with the CRBasic Editor or Short Cut, included with PC400 and LoggerNet.
In CRBasic, the SDMAO4A() programming instruction allows the user to set
four separate voltage levels in one SDM-AO4A, or more voltage levels with
multiple SDM-AO4As. Voltage levels are reset each time the instruction is
executed.
This section describes how to write an SDM-AO4A program
using CRBasic. An SDM-AO4A program can also be generated
using Campbell Scientific’s Short Cut Program Generator.
NOTE
SDM Transmission
Vout 1
Vout 2
Vout 3
Vout 4

SDM-AO4A Four-Channel Analogue Output
7
7.1 CRBasic
7.1.1 SDMAO4A() Instruction
The SDMAO4A() instruction is used to set the voltage to an SDM-AO4A.
The SDM-AO4A is backwards compatible with the SDMAO4()
CRBasic instruction. Therefore, programs written using the
SDMAO4() instruction will work with an SDM-AO4A but will
not take advantage of any of the SDM-AO4A’s additional
features. If the older instruction is used, the device will use the
default option code 1.
The SDMAO4A() instruction has the following syntax:
SDMAO4A (Source, SDMAO4ADest, SDMAddress, SDMAO4AStartChan,
Reps, SDMAO4AOption )
The SDMAO4A() instruction has the following parameters:
Source: The Source parameter is the variable or variable array that holds the
voltage(s), in millivolts, that will be sent to the SDM-AO4A(s). If multiple
SDM-AO4As are to be triggered with one instruction, this parameter must be
dimensioned to the total number of channels for all the devices being set (e.g.,
if all four channels are being set on two SDM-AO4 devices, Source must be
dimensioned to eight).
SDMAO4ADest: The SDMAO4ADest parameter is a variable that holds a
status code indicating success or failure of the instruction.
Response Code Description
240 Successful
241 Signature error
242 Current overload error
243 Current overload and signature error
A current overload error occurs when current overload protection is triggered
(130 mA, +/- 15 mA). A signature error usually indicates noise on the line.
Any other response code returned indicates failed communication.
SDMAddress: The SDMAddress parameter defines the address of the first
SDM-AO4A to which a voltage should be applied. Valid SDM addresses are 0
through 14. Address 15 is reserved for the SDMTrigger() instruction.
SDMAO4AStartChan: The SDMAO4StartChan parameter is used to define the
first channel on the SDMAO4A that should be set. Any reps will occur on
subsequent channels.
Reps: The Reps parameter determines the number of SDM-AO4A output
channels that will be set. If this parameter is greater than four (i.e., voltage is
being set for more than one SDM-AO4 device), voltage is set on the next
consecutively addressed SDM-AO4A device. In this case, the SDM-AO4As
must have sequential SDM addresses.
NOTE

SDM-AO4A Four-Channel Analogue Output
8
SDMAO4AOption: The SDMAO4AOption parameter is used to set the
operating mode for the SDMAO4A.
Option Code Description
0 Power down
1 5V synchronous
2 5V sequential
3 10V synchronous
4 10V sequential
In the synchronous mode, all channels are set at the same time. This mode is
slower since for large changes in voltage it may take multiple charging cycles
to arrive at the final voltage. The steps occur at 5 ms intervals, thus, for a 10V
step it may take up to three charge cycles (or 15 ms) to settle to the 16-bit level.
In sequential mode, the channels are set sequentially. The output signal can
take from 600 usecs to 1 ms (worst case) to settle to 16-bit resolution with a
10V step change. The four outputs then update 1 ms apart.
7.1.2 SDMSpeed() Instruction
The SDMSpeed() instruction is used to change the bit period that the data
logger uses to clock the SDM data. Slowing down the clock rate may be
necessary when long cable lengths are used to connect the data logger and
SDM devices.
The syntax of this instruction is as follows:
SDMSpeed (BitPeriod)
The BitPeriod argument can be an integer or a variable. If the SDMSpeed()
instruction is not in the program, a default bit period is used. If 0 is used for the
argument, the minimum allowable bit period is used. TABLE 7-1 shows the
default, minimum allowable, and maximum bit period for each of our CRBasic
data loggers.
TABLE 7-1. Bit Period Values
Data Logger
Default
Bit Period
Minimum
Allowable
Bit Period
Maximum
Bit Period
CR6, CR1000X 28.8 μsec 10 μsec 1 msec
CR3000 26.04 µsec 8.68 µsec 2.2 msec
CR800, CR850 26.04 µsec 8.68 µsec 2.2 msec
CR1000 26.04 µsec 8.68 µsec 2.2 msec
The equation used to calculate the bit rate depends on the data logger used. The
data logger will round down to the next faster bit rate.

SDM-AO4A Four-Channel Analogue Output
9
Equation for CR800 series and CR1000:
bit_rate = INT((k × 72)/625) × Resolution
Where:
k = the value entered in BitPeriod
Resolution = 8.68 microseconds
Equation for CR6, CR3000, CR1000X:
bit_rate = INT((k × 144)/625) × Resolution
Where:
k = the value entered in BitPeriod
Resolution = 4.34 µsec
7.2 Programming Example
The following program example is given to help the user understand the
general principles involved in the use of the SDM-AO4A with Campell
Scientific data loggers.
This example program is for weather stations with a data logger measuring
wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and relative humidity. Each parameter
is then scaled to 0 to 1000 mVDC, and output to a strip chart recorder through
the SDM-AO4A.
7.2.1 CR1000X Program Example
Although this program is for a CR1000X data logger, programming for other
CRBasic data loggers is similar.
CRBasic Exampe 7-1. CR1000X SDM-AO4A Program Example
'CR1000X SDM-AO4A Program Example
'Measure wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and humidity.
'Scale measurements to 0 to 1000 mV range and output to a strip chart recorder
'through the SDM-AO4A.
'Declare variables
'Example wind variables WS_ms and WD_0_360
Public WS_ms
Public WD_0_360
Public WD_0_540
'Example temperature and relative humidity variables
Public Temp_C
Public RH
'Example SDM-AO4A variables
Public AO4AOutput(4)
Public AO4AResponse
Alias AO4AOutput(1) = WSOut
Alias AO4AOutput(2) = WDOut
Alias AO4AOutput(3) = TempOut
Alias AO4AOutput(4) = RHOut
'Wiring
'Data logger to SDM-AO4A
'G- G

SDM-AO4A Four-Channel Analogue Output
10
'12V- 12V
'C1- C1
'C2- C2
'C3- C3
'SDM-AO4A output
'Strip chart recorder #1- 1 and ground
'Strip chart recorder #2- 2 and ground
'Strip chart recorder #3- 3 and ground
'Strip chart recorder #4- 4 and ground
'Define OneMin DataTable
DataTable(OneMin,1,-1)
DataInterval(0,1,Min,0)
WindVector (1, WS_ms,WD_0_360, IEEE4, 0, 0, 0, 0)
Average(1,Temp_C,IEEE4,0)
Sample(1,RH, IEEE4)
EndTable
BeginProg
Scan(1,Sec,1,0)
'Code for wind measurements, WS_ms & WD_0_360:
PulseCount(WS_ms, 1,P1, 1, 1, 0.75, 0.2)
BrHalf(WD_0_360, 1,mV1000, 1,Vx1, 1, 1000, True, 1000,60, 355, 0)
' Code for temperature/humidity measurements, Temp_C and RH:
VoltSe(Temp_C,1,mV5000,2,0, 0, _60Hz,0.1,-40.0)
VoltSe(RH,1,mV5000,3,0, 0, _60Hz,0.1, 0)
'Call Data Table
CallTable(OneMin)
'Convert 0-360 WD to 0-540 for strip chart use:
If WD_0_540 >= 270 AND WD_0_360 <180 Then
WD_0_540 = WD_0_360 + 360
Else
WD_0_540 = WD_0_360
EndIf
'Scale the measurements for the SDM-AO4A to output 0-1000 mV
WSOut = WS_ms*20 'WS: 0-50 m/s = 0-1000 mV
WDOut = WD_0_540 *1.852 'WD: 0-540 deg = 0-1000mV
TempOut= 10*(Temp_C+40) 'Temp: -40-60 deg C = 0-1000 mV
RHOut = RH *10 'RH: 0-100 % RH = 0-1000 mV
'Send mV outputs to SDM-AO4A at SDM Address 12 (Rotary Switch at C)
SDMAO4A (AO4AOutput(),AO4AResponse,12,1,4,1)
NextScan
EndProg

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