Compartible Systems Corporation RISC 2600i User manual

RISC Router 2600i
Installation Guide
Compatible Systems Corporation
4730 Walnut Street
Suite 102
Boulder, Colorado 80301
303-444-9532
800-356-0283
www.compatible.com

RISC Router 2600i Installation Guide, Version 2.0
Copyright(c) 1997, Compatible Systems Corporation
All rights reserved. MicroRouter, RISC Router, and
RouterView are trademarks of Compatible Systems Corpo-
ration. Other trademarks are the property of their respective
holders.
Part number: A00-1346
FCC Notice: This product has been certified to comply
with the limits for a Class A computing device, pursuant to
Subpart J of Part 15 of FCC Rules. It is designed to provide
reasonable protection against radio or television communi-
cation interference in a commercial environment. Opera-
tion of this equipment in a residential area could cause
interference with radio or television communication.

iii
Chapter 1 - Introduction 7
ABOUT THE RISC ROUTER 2600I7
A NOTE ABOUT FIREWALLS 7
A NOTE ABOUT ON-DEMAND INTERNETWORKING 7
RISC ROUTER 2600IINSTALLATION OVERVIEW 8
Chapter2 - Getting Started 8
Chapter 3- Network Installation 9
Chapter 4 - CompatiView Software Installation 9
Chapter 5 - Command Line Preparation 9
Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide 9
Appendices 9
Chapter 2 - Getting Started 10
A FEW NOTES 10
Please Read The Manuals 10
Getting HelpWith the RISC Router 2600i 10
WHAT YOU WILL NEED TOGET STARTED 11
Supplied with the RISC Router 2600i 11
Needed For Installation 11
Ethernet Connection Requirements 11
10Base-T Twisted-Pair Ethernet 11
Telco Line Connection Requirements 12
V.35 Interface 12
Chapter 3 - Network Installation 13
Mounting the Router 13
19" Rack Front Mount 14
19" Rack Center Mount 14
Wall Mount 14
Connecting the Router to the Ethernet 14

iv
Connecting to Thick Ethernet 14
Connecting to Twisted-Pair Ethernet 14
Connecting a Line Device to the RISC Router 2600i 15
Connecting Devices to the V.35 Interfaces 15
Connecting an Out-of-Band Management Console 15
Powering Up the Router 15
Chapter 4 - CompatiView Software Installation 17
CompatiView for Windows 17
System Requirements 17
Installation and Operation 17
Transport Protocols and CompatiView 18
Chapter 5 - Command Line Management 19
Out-of-Band Command Line Management 19
Temporarily Reconfiguring a Host for Command Line Management 19
Setting Up Telnet Operation 20
Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide 22
ETHERNET INTERFACE CONFIGURATION 22
IP Protocol 23
Required for IP 23
Suggested for IP 23
IPX Protocol 23
Required for IPX 23
Suggested for IPX 24
WAN INTERFACE PPP CONFIGURATION 24
IP Protocol 24
Required for IP 24

v
Suggested for IP 24
IPX Protocol 25
Required for IPX 25
Suggested for IPX 25
PPP Link Configuration 25
Required for Dedicated/Leased Line Operation 25
Suggested for Dedicated/Leased Line Operation 26
Required for Dial-On-Demand Operation 26
Suggested for Dial-On-Demand Operation 26
WAN INTERFACE FRAME RELAY CONFIGURATION 27
IP Protocol 27
Required for IP 27
Suggested for IP 27
IPX Protocol 28
Required for IPX 28
Suggested for IPX 28
Frame Relay DLCI Mappings 28
IP Protocol 28
Required for IP Numbered Interface 29
Required for IP Unnumbered Interface 29
Suggested for IP 29
IPX Protocol 30
Required for IPX 30
Suggested for IPX 30
Physical Communications Settings 30
SMDS Addressing 31
SAVING ACONFIGURATION FILE TO FLASH ROM 31
Appendix A - Shipping Defaults 32
Ethernet Interface 32
IP Routing Defaults 32
IPX Routing Defaults 32
WAN Interfaces 32

vi
IP Defaults 32
IPX Defaults 32
V.35 (WAN 0) Link & Physical Defaults 32
Appendix B - Connector and Cable Pin Outs 33
Pin Outs for DB-26 to V.35 Male Cable 33
Pin Outs forDIN-8 to RS-232 Console Cable (DTE/Female) 34
Appendix C - LED Patterns and Test Switch Settings 36
RISC Router 2600i LED Patterns 36
Power On, NoTraffic 36
Ethernet Traffic Indicators (Ethernet LED Bar) 36
Other Indicators (on All LED Bars) 36
Panic Indicators 36
RISC Router 2600i Switch Settings 37
Appendix D - Downloading Software From Compatible
Systems 38
Appendix E - Terms and Conditions 39

Chapter 1 - Introduction 7
Chapter 1 - Introduction
About the RISC Router 2600i
Congratulations on your purchase of the RISC Router 2600i multiport
wide area router. The RISC Router 2600i supports the IP and IPX
protocols, with leased-line and/or dial-on-demand operation using the
PPP, Frame Relay and/or SMDS wide area protocols.
A Note About Firewalls
The RISC Router 2600i can be configured to be a very effective packet
screening firewall. However, you must carefully set up your network
and add packet filters in order for it to be effective in this role.
THE SHIPPING CONFIGURATION IN YOUR RISC ROUTER 2600i
DOES NOT PROVIDE AUTOMATIC FIREWALL PROTECTION.
YOU MUST FIRST PROGRAM YOUR ROUTER TO WORK IN
THIS ROLE ON YOUR NETWORK.
Note:Due to the nature of the IP protocol, IP packet filtering can be
quite complicated. If you are attempting to design and implement a
comprehensive set of filters, or an Internet Firewall, there are a number
of references you should consult. Two good starting points are:
Building Internet Firewalls, by Brent Chapman, O’Reilly and
Associates, 1995, and Firewalls and Internet Security: Repelling the
Wily Hacker, by William R. Cheswick and Steven M. Bellovin,
Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1994.
A Note About On-Demand Internetworking
The RISC Router 2600i can be configured to provide cost effective
on-demand connections over a wide area communications link (typi-
cally a voice phone line, a switched 56 line, or an ISDN line). Your
network traffic and the configuration you place in the router will deter-
mine how often and for how long such a link is connected.
THE SHIPPING CONFIGURATION IN YOUR RISC ROUTER 2600i
DOES NOT PROVIDE AUTOMATIC ON-DEMAND INTERNET-
WORKING. YOU MUST FIRST PROGRAM YOUR ROUTER TO
WORK IN THIS ROLE ON YOUR NETWORK.
YOU SHOULD CAREFULLY MONITOR PHONE LINE USAGE TO

8Chapter 1 - Introduction
BE SURE THAT YOUR ROUTER CONFIGURATION IS
ALLOWING THE ROUTER TO DROP THE COMMUNICATIONS
LINK WHEN IT ISN’T NEEDED.
RISC Router 2600i Installation Overview
This manual will help you install the RISC Router 2600i to connect a
local Ethernet to up to 4 remote networks and/or remote PPP client
computers. These connections can be made to other Compatible
Systems routers, routers from other vendors, or PPP compliant dial-in
software packages running on a variety of computers. The wide-area
interfaces on the RISC Router 2600i may be used to interconnect your
network with other corporate networks, and to make your network’s
resources available to dial-in clients.
In short, the installation steps are:
1. Install the RISC Router hardware and connect it to one or more
line communication devices (including 56K CSU/DSUs, ISDN
Terminal Adapters, and fractional or full T1/E1 CSU/DSUs).
2. Select the management method you wish to use with the router. If
you want to use the CompatiView management software, you must
install the software on a Windows PC which is connected to your
network.
3. Configure the RISC Router LAN and WAN parameters using the
management method you have chosen.
4. Connect the secondary WAN ports to external line communication
devices (including modems, 56K CSU/DSUs, and ISDN Terminal
Adapters).
If you have any difficulties during the installation or use of the RISC
Router that are not answered by this guide, please call Compatible
Systems Corporation or your RISC Router 2600i reseller. Compatible
Systems' phone number is listed on the front of this guide. We will be
happy to help you.
The manual is divided into several sections that should provide you
with all the information you will need to use the RISC Router 2600i on
your network.
Chapter 2 - Getting Started
This part of the manual describes the contents of the RISC Router 2600i
package and emphasizes the preparation and equipment you will need

Chapter 1 - Introduction 9
to install the router.
Chapter 3 - Network Installation
Here you will find step-by-step instructions on how to physically install
the RISC Router 2600i and connect it to your local Ethernet and your
wide area network(s). Instructions are included for twisted-pair
Ethernet environments as well as 56K CSU/DSUs, ISDN terminal
adapters, and fractional or full T1/E1 CSU/DSU’s.
Chapter 4 - CompatiView Software Installation
This part of the manual describes how to install CompatiView, Compat-
ible Systems’ GUI (Graphical User Interface) management software
which is included with your router.
Chapter 5 - CommandLine Preparation
This part of the manual provides basic instructions on setting up
command line management and text-based configuration.
Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide
This section provides a list of parameters that must be entered into a
router for proper operation.
Appendices
This part of the manual includes additional information that might be of
interest to you such as technical specifications, default settings
(including the default factory password) and instructions for down-
loading current software.

10 Chapter 2 - Getting Started
Chapter 2 - Getting Started
A Few Notes
Please Read The Manuals
The manuals included with your RISC Router 2600i contain some very
important information about the RISC Router 2600i and local and wide
area networking in general. Please read this manual thoroughly, and
refer to the management reference guides as required. It’s worth the
few minutes it will take.
Also, please fill out the warranty registration card and return it to us
today. This will help us keep you informed of updates to the RISC
Router 2600i and future products available from Compatible Systems.
You can also register on the web at http://www.compatible.com. If
you’d like to be notified via e-mail about new products and receive
important news from Compatible Systems, please join our email list on
the web.
The RISC Router 2600i is covered by the Compatible Systems Inte-
grated Support Package, which includes a lifetime comprehensive
warranty, a twenty-four hour advanced replacement program, unlimited
phone support, and software upgrades for the life of the product.
Compatible Systems maintains copies of current software updates on
the Internet. For more information on downloading software, see the
appendices for this manual.
Getting Help With the RISC Router 2600i
If you have a question about the RISC Router 2600i and can’t find the
answer in one of the manuals included with the product, please visit the
technical support section of our Web site (http://www.compatible.com).
This site includes extensive technical resources which may answer
many of your questions. You can also request technical support by
filling out a brief form. Technical support requests received via the Web
form will receive expedited treatment. You may also call Compatible
Systems Corporation or send support questions via e-mail to
[e-mail]. Compatible Systems' phone number is listed
on the front of this guide. We will be happy to help you.

Chapter 2 - Getting Started 11
What You Will Need To Get Started
Before connecting the RISC Router 2600i, please check the list below
to make sure that you have received all of the items that are supplied
with the RISC Router 2600i package.
You should also make sure you have any additional items that are
necessary to connect the router to your network.
Supplied with the RISC Router 2600i
Please check your shipping package for the following items:
• RISC Router 2600i unit
• Wall-mount power supply
• One DB-25 to DB-25 data and auxiliary interface cable
• CD-ROM including:
CompatiView software
Operating software
HTML versions of product documentation (which can be viewed
with your favorite web browser)
•CompatiView Management Software Reference Guide
•Text-Based Configuration and Command Line Management Refer-
ence Guide
• Warranty registration card
Needed For Installation
Before connecting the RISC Router 2600i to your network, you need to
make sure that you have the necessary equipment for connecting to the
local Ethernet and the wide area transmission device(s) (modem, 56K
CSU/DSU, ISDN terminal adapter, T1 CSU/DSU).
Ethernet Connection Requirements
The RISC Router 2600i’s Ethernet interface directly supports 10BaseT
twisted-pair Ethernet. Other Ethernet cabling types (such as thin
Ethernet, thick Ethernet, fiber optic cabling or pre-10BaseT
twisted-pair) can be supported using a 10BaseT mini-hub or other
conversion device.
10Base-T Twisted-Pair Ethernet
To connect the router's Ethernet interface to twisted-pair Ethernet
cabling you will need an unshielded twisted-pair station cable that is

12 Chapter 2 - Getting Started
connected to a 10BaseT-compatible twisted-pair hub.
Note:Ethernet cables and cable connectors are not supplied with the
RISC Router product. Please contact your reseller or your Compatible
Systems representative for information on obtaining the correct
Ethernet cabling supplies.
Telco Line Connection Requirements
The RISC Router 2600i is not a line communications device. In order
to connect to a wide area transmission line, you must use a 56K
CSU/DSU, ISDN Terminal Adapter, or T1/E1 CSU/DSU. Which of
these devices you use depends on the type of telco line you are
connecting one of the router’s wide area interfaces to.
Note:Before attempting to connect the RISC Router 2600i to a
leased telco line, use the loopback features of your CSU/DSU’s to check
the line. This can save you a considerable amount of time, since the
more equipment you have on the line, the more difficult it becomes to
determine where a problem is occurring.
The RISC Router 2600i provides four high-speed V.35 synchronous
interfaces, each of which can be independently configured for PPP or
Frame Relay operation. The V.35 interfaces are capable of communi-
cating to another router or a PPP client machine over a 56K CSU/DSU,
an ISDN Terminal Adapter, or a T1/E1 CSU/DSU.
V.35 Interface
The RISC Router 2600i includes four V.35 cables. These cables termi-
nate in a male V.35 connector, which fits the female V.35 connector
supplied by virtually all V.35 line communications devices. The
pinouts for this cable are shown in Appendix B.
Note:Please use only the supplied cables when connecting your V.35
line communication device to the RISC Router 2600i’s interfaces. The
cables provided with other equipment will generally not have the same
internal connections.
Note:For international applications, V.11 cables are available from
Compatible Systems or your reseller.

Chapter 3 - Network Installation 13
Chapter 3 - Network Installation
RISC Router 2600i Back Panel
This section of the manual describes how to connect the RISC Router
2600i to your Ethernet network and your wide area communications
device(s). In summary, the steps for installation are:
1. Make sure the router is powered down and unplugged from the
wall.
2. Connect the router to the Ethernet network.
3. Connect the router to the wide area line communications device(s).
4. Power up the line communications devices.
Note:You should either wait to connect a synchronous line device
such as a CSU/DSU until after the interface has been configured as a
synchronous port, or power up the router before powering up the
CSU/DSU. (See Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide for more infor-
mation on configuring the router.)
5. Plug in the power cable and power up the router.
Mounting the Router
The RISC Router 2600i can be mounted in a variety of different ways,
or can be left standalone on a desktop or equipment table.
Note:When stacking other equipment on the RISC Router 2600i, do
not exceed 25 pounds of evenly distributed weight on top of the router.
Additional weight may bend the case.
A rack/wall mounting kit is included with the router.

14 Chapter 3 - Network Installation
19" Rack Front Mount
Install the rack-mount ears on the sides of the case towards the front
using the screws provided. Position the ears so that they are flush with
the front of the case. The slotted holes in the ears will mate with the
mounting holes in a standard 19" rack.
Note:The RISC Router 2600i is 1U high when its bottom-mounted
rubber feet are removed. If you intend to mount the unit in a 1U space,
make sure your equipment rack is well ventilated. Otherwise, thermal
problems may occur.
19" Rack Center Mount
Install the rack-mount ears using the mounting holes midway along the
sides of the case, using the screws provided. The slotted holes in the
ears will mate with the mounting holes in a standard 19" rack.
Wall Mount
Install the rack-mount ears on the middle of the case, using the screws
provided. Position the ears so that they are flush with the bottom of the
case. The slotted holes in the ears will mate with wood screws or other
attachment methods.
Note:Wood screws are not provided with the rack-mount kit.
Connecting the Router to the Ethernet
For thick Ethernet networks, you should have installed your Ethernet
cabling before you install the RISC Router 2600i.
If you are installing a twisted-pair connection, and the twisted-pair hub
is already in place, you can connect the router to an active network
without interrupting network activity.
Connecting to Thick Ethernet
To connect the router to a thick Ethernet network, simply plug one end
of a transceiver cable into the DB-15 transceiver connector located on
the back panel of the unit. Then, plug the other end of the transceiver
cable into the transceiver which should already be attached to the thick
Ethernet cable.
Connecting to Twisted-Pair Ethernet
Before connecting the router to twisted-pair cabling you need an
unshielded twisted-pair cable that is already connected to your
10BaseT-compatible twisted-pair hub.

Chapter 3 - Network Installation 15
To connect the router to the twisted-pair network, simply plug the
twisted-pair cable into the RJ-45 connector on the back of the unit.
Connecting a Line Device to the RISC Router 2600i
The RISC Router 2600i supports high-speed synchronous operation
over the included V.35 cables, or V.11 with a special cable available
from Compatible Systems.
The RISC Router 2600i independently supports PPP and Frame Relay
link protocols on each WAN interface.
Connecting Devices to theV.35 Interfaces
These interfaces can be used to connect to a wide variety of line
communications devices, including those which support either leased or
dialed operation. Examples include leased 56K CSU/DSU’s, switched
56K CSU/DSU’s, fractional T1 CSU/DSU’s, ISDN terminal adapters,
and full T1/E1 rate CSU/DSU’s.
You may select either dial-on-demand, redial if down ("always up"
mode), or leased line operation. This interface may also be set to
receive ISDN or switched 56 incoming calls.
To connect a device, first make sure that both units are powered off.
Then, simply connect a V.35 cable between the router and the device.
Connecting an Out-of-Band Management Console
If you wish to connect an out-of-band management console, use the
supplied cable and connect to the Console interface on the back of the
RISC Router 2600i. You can use a dumb terminal or a computer
equipped with VT100 terminal emulation.
The default settings for the Console interface are VT100 terminal
emulation, 9600 bps, 8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, no Flow Control.
Powering Up the Router
Power up all CSU/DSU’s and TA’s before powering up the router. This
allows the router to immediately sense which of its interfaces are
connected. At power-up, the router will take approximately one minute
to become visible to CompatiView.
Note:If you want to use Telnet as a management method, you must
first configure an IP address into the router using an out-of-band
console, or reconfigure the IP address on an IP host or workstation on

16 Chapter 3 - Network Installation
the same Ethernet segment as the router. See Chapter 5 - Command
Line Management for more information.

Chapter 4 - CompatiView Software Installation 17
Chapter 4 - CompatiView
Software Installation
All of the routers in Compatible Systems’ internetworking and VPN
families, including all RISC Router and MicroRouter models, can be
managed from a single GUI management platform called CompatiView.
CompatiView for Windows is included on the CD-ROM which was
shipped with your RISC Router 2600i.
Note:An older version of CompatiView for Mac OS was included on
the CD-ROM shipped with your router, but does not contain some of the
features of the newest Windows version.
CompatiView for Windows
CompatiView for Windows allows you to manage the RISC Router
2600i from an IBM-compatible PC running Windows 95/98 or
Windows NT. The PC can either be configured as an IPX client on a
Novell NetWare internet, or as an IP WinSock client on an IP internet.
System Requirements
In order to successfully run CompatiView for Windows, you need:
• IBM PC or compatible w/486 or later processor
• Microsoft Windows 95/98, or Windows NT installed
• VGA or better monitor
• IP - A WinSock-compatible transport stack
- and/or -
• IPX - A Netware or Microsoft Client installation
Note:To choose the active transport protocol on a Windows machine
which has both IPX and IP installed, select “Options” from the Admin-
istration menu and click the appropriate radio button under “Default
Transport.”
Installation and Operation
The Windows version of the CompatiView program can be found in the
Network Management/CompatiView/Windows directory on the
CD-ROM that was included with your RISC Router 2600i.
Run the auto-installation program (CV5x file) by double-clicking on it.
The installation program will ask you to select (or create) a directory in

18 Chapter 4 - CompatiView Software Installation
which it should locate CompatiView and its associated files and data-
base subdirectory.
Once the installation is complete, double-click on the CompatiView
icon to open the program. For further information on using Compati-
View, see the CompatiView Management Software Reference Guide
included with your router.
Note:For an up-to-date description of the changes (if any) made to
Windows system files by the installation program, see the
README.TXT file located in the CompatiView installation directory.
Transport Protocols and CompatiView
CompatiView will be able to use the transport protocol (IP or IPX) you
have selected to access Compatible Systems products anywhere on your
internetwork. Depending on your security setup, you may also be able
to use the IP transport option to manage devices across the Internet.
The IP protocol does not provide a method for CompatiView to auto-
matically discover the router. To initially contact the router over IP
using CompatiView, you must first enter a valid IP address into the
router. You can do this either on a console directly connected to the
router or by setting a workstation’s IP address to 198.41.12.2 with a
Class C subnet mask (255.255.255.0) so that it can communicate over
Ethernet with 198.41.12.1 (the shipping default of Ethernet 0). After
setting the router’s IP address, be sure to change the workstation’s
configuration back to its original settings.
The IPX protocol does allow CompatiView to automatically discover
the router. Compatible Systems devices are configured to autoseed the
two most common IPX frame types upon startup (802.2 and 802.3
(raw)). If CompatiView has the IPX/SPX protocol selected as its trans-
port, it will be necessary to either powerup the router before powering
up the workstation, or reboot the workstation after the router has
completed its boot sequence. This process will ensure that the worksta-
tion and the router have the proper IPX network bindings for communi-
cation.

Chapter 5 - Command Line Management 19
Chapter 5 - Command Line
Management
The command line interface allows you to configure and monitor the
router in-band via telnet or out-of-band with a terminal connected to the
RISC Router’s Console interface.
Note:Proper syntax is vital to effective operation of command line
management. Case is not significant – you may enter commands in
upper case, lower case, or a combination of the two.
Out-of-Band Command Line Management
You can use command line management and text-based configuration
out-of-band as a permanent management tool, or only temporarily in
order to set the router’s IP parameters to allow in-band Telnet access.
In order to access the command line out-of-band, do the following:
1. Set a terminal or a PC equipped with VT100 terminal emulation to
a baud rate of 9600, 8 bits, no parity, 1 stop bit and no Flow Con-
trol.
2. Connect it to the router’s Console interface using the cable which
was supplied with the RISC Router 2600i.
3. Press the <Return> key one or two times.
4. Enter the default password letmein at the password prompt. The
command line interface prompt will appear on the screen.
If you plan to use out-of-band access for ongoing management of your
router, you can find further information on configuring your router in
Chapter 6 - Basic Configuration Guide. Otherwise, see the section
later in this chapter on Setting Up Telnet Operation for information on
setting the router to allow Telnet access from hosts on its network.
Temporarily Reconfiguring a Host for Command Line
Management
You can temporarilyreconfigure an IP host in order to set the router’s IP
parameters to allow in-band Telnet access.
If you wish to set the router’s basic IP parameters in this fashion, the
host must be on the same Ethernet segment as the router’s Ethernet
interface. You can then do the following:

20 Chapter 5 - Command Line Management
1. Set the host’s IP address to 198.41.12.2, with a Class C subnet
mask (255.255.255.0) and then Telnet to 198.41.12.1.
2. Enter the default password letmein at the password prompt. The
command line interface prompt will appear on the screen.
3. Use the configure command and set the IPAddress, SubnetMask,
and IPBroadcast keywords in the IP Ethernet 0 section.
4. Use the save command to save the changes to the device’s Flash
ROM.
5. Change the host’s configuration back to its original settings
See the next section (Setting Up Telnet Operation) for information on
setting the router to allow Telnet access from hosts on its network.
Setting Up Telnet Operation
Telnet is a remote terminal communications protocol based on TCP/IP.
With Telnet you can log into and manage the RISC Router 2600i from
anywhere on your IP internetwork, including across the Internet if your
security setup allows it. To manage the router with Telnet, you must
1. Run Telnet client software on your local computer, which will com-
municate with the Telnet server built into the RISC Router 2600i.
2. You must also set some basic IP parameters in the router. The
required parameters for Telnet access to an interface are the IP
address, IP subnet mask, and IP broadcast address. There are sev-
eral ways to set them.
• You may set them using text-based configuration either
out-of-band via the Console interface or in-band via a recon-
figured IP host. Instructions for setting up these two methods
were given earlier in this chapter. Once you have set up the
command line interface, do the following:
A. Use the configure command and set the IPAddress,
SubnetMask, and IPBroadcast keywords in the IP
Ethernet 0 section.
B. Use the save command to save the changes to the device’s
Flash ROM.
• You may also use CompatiView from a reconfigured IP host (if
using the IP transport protocol), or anywhere on your network
(if using the IPX transport protocol). Instructions for these
two methods are given in Chapter 4 - CompatiView Software