Diamond Systems ZIRCON-MM User manual

ZIRCON-MM
8-Bit Resolution Analog & Digital I/O
PC/104 Module
User Manual V2.11
Copyright 2002
Diamond Systems Corporation
8430-D Central Ave.
Newark, CA 94560
Tel [phone]
Fax [phone]
[email protected]
www.diamondsystems.com

ZIRCON-MM User Manual v2.11 © 2002 Diamond Systems Corporation P. 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. General Description..............................................................................................................3
2. ZIRCON-MM I/O Header Pinout............................................................................................4
3. Base Address Configuration..................................................................................................5
4. Interrupt Configuration..........................................................................................................5
5. Analog I/O Configuration.......................................................................................................6
6. Zircon-MM Board Drawing ....................................................................................................8
7. Register Map ........................................................................................................................9
8. Register definitions .............................................................................................................10
9. Digital I/O Operation...........................................................................................................13
10. Counter/Timers (ZMM-DX only) ..........................................................................................14
11. Analog I/O ..........................................................................................................................15
12. Analog Input Formulas........................................................................................................16
13. Analog Output Formulas.....................................................................................................16
14. Specifications .....................................................................................................................17

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1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
ZIRCON-MM is a PC/104 format I/O module with 8 analog inputs, 1 analog output, 24 digital I/O
lines, 3 16-bit counter/timers (DX version), and 1 interrupt line. Both the analog input and output
resolution are 8 bits (1/256). The analog circuitry requires no calibration over the lifetime of the
product.
The digital I/O is based on an 82C55 chip with 3 8-bit ports and one configuration register. All I/O
lines are TTL and CMOS compatible.
The counter/timers are based on an 82C54 chip with 3 16-bit counter/timers and one configuration
register. Two counters are cascaded together to form a 32-bit counter/timer; The input to this
combined counter/timer is driven by an on-board 4MHz clock oscillator. The third counter/timer is
available at the I/O header. All I/O lines are TTL and CMOS compatible.
ZIRCON-MM is an 8-bit bus module and conforms to the physical and electrical specifications for 8-
bit PC/104 modules published in the PC/104 Specification, Version 2.1, July 1994. As it is an 8-bit
module, it does not contain the 16-bit expansion bus connector.
One 50-pin right-angle pin headers is provided for all I/O. The pinout of this header is defined at the
end of this manual. All digital I/O signals are TTL compatible.
Three versions are available:
ZMM-LC: Contains no counter/timer; all analog I/O is unipolar (positive voltages) only.
ZMM-DX: Contains the counter/timer; analog I/O can be unipolar or bipolar.
ZIRCON-MM operates on +5V power supply only. Model ZMM-DX provides an on-board DC/DC
converter to provide +/-5V for the analog circuitry. Model ZMM-LC uses the system +5V and ground
for the analog supply.

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2. ZIRCON-MM I/O HEADER PINOUT
J3 is the I/O header for Zircon-MM. It is a standard 50-pin dual row male header.
Analog In 7 12Analog In 6
Analog In 5 34Analog In 4
Analog In 3 56Analog In 2
Analog In 1 78Analog In 0
Analog Gnd 910 Analog Gnd
Analog Out 11 12 Analog Gnd
Analog Gnd 13 14 Analog Gnd
+5 Analog 15 16 -5 Analog
Analog Gnd 17 18 Analog Gnd
Digital Gnd 19 20 External Trigger
Gate 1/2 21 22 In 0
Gate 0 23 24 Out 0
A7 25 26 A6
A5 27 28 A4
A3 29 30 A2
A1 31 32 A0
C7 33 34 C6
C5 35 36 C4
C3 37 38 C2
C1 39 40 C0
B7 41 42 B6
B5 43 44 B4
B3 45 46 B2
B1 47 48 B0
+5 Digital 49 50 Digital Gnd
Definitions
Analog In 7 -0 Analog input channels; range depends on configuration
Analog Out Analog output channel; range depends on configuration
In 0, Gate 0, Out 0 Counter 0 input (clock), gate, and output pins
Gate 1/2 Counters 1 and 2 gate control pin
External Trigger External Trigger for interrupt-based A/D conversions
A7 -A0 Digital I/O port A (82C55)
B7 -B0 Digital I/O port B (82C55)
C7 -C0 Digital I/O port C (82C55)
+5 Digital, Digital Ground Access to main PC/104 power supply voltages
+5 Analog ZMM-DX: +5V from the on-board analog power supply;
ZMM-LC+5 Digital
-5 Analog ZMM-DX: -5V from the on-board analog power supply;
ZMM-LC: No connection
Analog Ground Ground reference for the analog input/output signals

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3. BASE ADDRESS CONFIGURATION
The base address is the address of the lowest location in the board’s I/O map. Zircon-MM's base
address is set with header J5, located at the lower right corner of the board. Seven different base
addresses are available; see the table below. The default setting is 300 Hex. "Open" means an open
position, and "Inst" means a position with a jumper installed. Note that 3 jumpers are never installed,
only 0, 1 or 2.
Base Address Header J5 Position
Hex Decimal CBA
240 576 Open Open Open
280 640 Open Open Inst
2C0 704 Open Inst Open
300 768 (Default) Open Inst Inst
340 832 Inst Open Open
380 896 Inst Open Inst
3C0 960 Inst Inst Open
4. INTERRUPT CONFIGURATION
Interrupt operation is configured with header J6, located in the lower center of the board.
One position is used for the PC/104 1KΩpulldown resistor to enable interrupt sharing. This resistor
should be connected if interrupts are used. Only one resistor should be connected to any interrupt
line on the bus. Interrupts on Zircon-MM are driven by a tristate driver. When an interrupt is pending,
the interrupt line is driven high, and when it is not pending, the output is in high-impedance mode,
and the 1KΩresistor pulls it down to a logic 0 state.
Once an interrupt request is generated by Zircon-MM, it is reset by reading from the A/D converter
(read from base + 0 or base + 1).
Interrupts are enabled, disabled, and reset under software control. This header is used only to select
the level and the resistor configuration.
Position Function Open Jumper
R1KΩResistor No pulldown Pulldown (max 1 per level)
2IRQ2
3IRQ3 Install only one jumper in
4IRQ4 any of these 6 locations
5IRQ5 to select the interrupt level
6IRQ6
7IRQ7

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5. ANALOG I/O CONFIGURATION
This section describes how to configure the analog input and analog output full-scale ranges. The
full-scale range for the analog inputs is the maximum range that an input signal can swing, still be
readable by the board and not cause damage to the board. The full-scale range for the analog output
is the maximum range of voltages that the board can generate on the analog output.
Model ZMM-LC has unipolar analog input and output ranges. This means that the analog inputs can
only accept positive voltages, and the analog output can only create positive voltages. The input and
output ranges are always the same on these models. The analog input/output range on these models
can be set to either 0 -1.25V or 0 -2.5V.
Model ZMM-DX has both unipolar and bipolar ranges, meaning that the analog inputs can accept
both negative and positive input voltages, and the analog output can create both negative and
positive voltages. The analog input range on this model can be set to 0-1.25V, 0-2.5V, or 0-5V in
unipolar mode and +/-1.25V, +/-2.5V, or +/-5V in bipolar mode.
Header J4 at the top of the board is used to configure the analog input and output ranges. This 2x4
header had the labels “D R B U” above the four positions. The meanings of these positions are
described below. However the simplest way to configure the board is just to refer to the table at the
bottom of page 7.
Note: All settings are valid for model ZMM-DX. However, only two settings are valid for ZMM-LC.
These settings are marked with an asterisk in the table.
Note: There is an additional header labeled J7 near J4. The jumpers on this header are set at the
factory and should not be altered. For ZMM-LC, both jumpers should be in the right positions (over
the middle and right pins). For ZMM-DX, both jumpers should be in the left positions (over the middle
and left pins). Do not alter the positions of these jumpers, since doing so will prevent the board from
functioning properly.

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DDouble the analog input range relative to the analog output range. For example, if the analog
range is set to +/-2.5V, inserting a jumper in this position sets the analog input range to +/-5V.
The analog output range, however, is still +/-2.5V. Doubling the analog input range is
accomplished by inserting a voltage divider in the path of the analog input signal to divide the
signal by 2. This means that the signal reaching the A/D converter is 1/2 the signal at the input to
the board, so the input signal can swing twice as wide as the A/D full-scale range.
The D position can only be used on model ZMM-DX. On model ZMM-LC, this jumper has no
effect, and the analog input and analog output ranges are always the same.
RRange. Installing a jumper in this position sets the range to 0-1.25V or +/-1.25V, and removing
the jumper sets the range to 0-2.5V or +/-2.5V. On ZMM-DX, the range setting is further modified
by the setting of D above.
BBipolar range. On ZMM-DX, installing a jumper in this position will configure the analog inputs
and output for bipolar ranges, depending on the position of D and R above.
WARNING: Do not install a jumper in this position on ZMM-LC, as the analog circuitry will
not function properly.
UUnipolar range. On ZMM-DX, installing a jumper in this position will configure the analog inputs
and output for unipolar ranges, depending on the positions of D and R above.
This jumper must be installed on models ZMM-LC and ZMM-LC2 for the board to function
properly.
WARNING: Do not install a jumper in both B and U on ZMM-DX, since doing so will short
the -5V supply to Ground.
The table below illustrates all valid settings for these jumpers and the resulting analog input and
output ranges.
Analog I/O Configuration Settings
DRBUInput range Output range
*Out Out Out In 0-2.5V 0-2.5V
Out Out In Out +/-2.5V +/-2.5V
*Out In Out In 0-1.25V 0-1.25V
Out In In Out +/-1.25V +/-1.25V
In Out Out In 0-5V 0-2.5V
In Out In Out +/-5V +/-2.5V
In In Out In 0-2.5V 0-1.25V
In In In Out +/-2.5V +/-1.25V
*These are the only valid settings for ZMM-LC.

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6. ZIRCON-MM BOARD DRAWING
This drawing will help to locate various key features on the board as described in the configuration
sections above.

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7. REGISTER MAP
Base + Write Read
0Analog Output A/D register
1Analog Output (duplicate) A/D register (duplicate)
2Start A/D conversion --
3Start A/D conversion (duplicate) --
4Control register Status register
5Control register (duplicate) Status register (duplicate)
6-- --
7-- --
8Digital I/O port A (82C55) Digital I/O port A
9Digital I/O port B Digital I/O port B
10 Digital I/O port C Digital I/O port C
11 Digital I/O configuration register --
12 Counter/timer 0 data (82C54) Counter/timer 0 data
13 Counter/timer 1 data Counter/timer 1 data
14 Counter/timer 2 data Counter/timer 2 data
15 Counter/timer configuration register Counter/timer configuration register
A/D, D/A, Control, and Status register definitions are shown starting on the next page. For digital I/O
and counter/timer register definitions, refer to the 82C55 and 82C54 datasheets, respectively.
Counter/timers are not available on model ZMM-LC.

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8. REGISTER DEFINITIONS
Base + 0 or 1: D/A Register (Write only)
Both these addresses map to the same physical register on the board.
Bit 76543210
Name D7D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
D7 -D0 8-bit digital value for output; D7 = most significant bit, D0 = least significant bit
See Section 11 for formulas to convert the desired output voltage to the corresponding input output
code.
Base + 0 or 1: A/D Register (Read only)
Both these addresses map to the same physical register on the board.
Bit 76543210
Name A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
A7 -A0 8-bit digital value from A/D; D7 = most significant bit, D0 = least significant bit
See Section 10 for formulas to convert this reading to the corresponding input voltage
Base + 2 or 3: Start A/D Conversion (Write only)
Both these addresses map to the same physical register on the board.
Writing to this register starts an A/D conversion. The value written does not matter.