Drypower IFM12-90E3 User manual

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Please read all contents of this user’s guide prior to
use the battery.
Drypower Lithium Iron Phosphate
12V Smart Battery
User Guide
12V Smart Battery
User Guide

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Contact Information...................................................................................................................3
2 Safety Information.....................................................................................................................3
3 Before You Start .......................................................................................................................5
4 Installation.................................................................................................................................6
5 Charging The Batteries.............................................................................................................9
6Discharging The Batteries.......................................................................................................11
7 Battery performance................................................................................................................12
8Integrated Protection............................................................................................................16
9Trouble Shooting ..................................................................................................................17
10 Tips For Optimizing Performance .........................................................................................21
11 Maintenance And Storage 21
12 Transportation And Shipping.................................................................................................22
13 Battery Overheating..............................................................................................................22
14 Disposal Of Batteries ............................................................................................................23
15 Use In Life Support Applications...........................................................................................24
12V Smart Battery
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1Contact Information
Head Office:
Master Instruments Pty Ltd
Address:
33-39 SloaneStreet, MarrickvilleNSW Australia 2204
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Website: www.master-instruments.com.au
Email: [e-mail]
Western Australia State Office:
Victoria State Office:
Queensland State Office:
Telephone: [phone]
Telephone: [phone]
Telephone: [phone]
2Safety Information
The battery must be used in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications and guidelines
for recommended use. When used properly and in accordance with these instructions, the
battery is a safe, reliable and convenient energy storage solution.
CAUTION:
Misuse or abuse of the battery may result in personal injury or fire.
Keep all original packaging. International law dictates that the batteries are shipped under
UN 3480, Class 9 rules for hazardous goods/dangerous materials.
Burn Hazard.
Abusive operation of the battery (e.g. overcharge, crush, puncture, excessive heat or
moisture) may produce smoke. In such an event, ventilate the area.
Extinguish any flames with copious amounts of water, use a carbon dioxide, dry-powder fire
extinguisher, or cover with sand or mud (therefore removing excess oxygen from the flame).
DO NOT disassemble, crush, puncture, or incinerate.
DO NOT short circuit external contacts.
DO NOT expose to temperatures above 50℃(122°F).
NEVER charge the battery without charge protection circuitry and equipment approved by
Drypower.
Remove all jewelry or other metallic objects during the installation of the battery.
Exercise care in handling any charged battery, particularly when placing it inside a container
with metal objects
DO NOT throw the battery away in the trash.
12V Smart Battery
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Dispose of the battery properly in accordance with local regulations.
DO NOT connect Drypower 12V smart LiFePO4 battery to other chemistries, lots,
manufacturers, series, impedance or capacity 12V battery.
Your battery may contain symbols, defined as follows:
Symbol Definition
Important safety information will follow.
DO NOT dispose of battery in a fire.
RECYCLE! Battery may require recycling
in accordance with local laws. Regardless
recycling is encouraged. Contact local
regulatory authorities for more
information. DO NOT include battery with
lead acid battery recycling.
DO NOT dispose of battery in the trash.
Shock Hazard - Labels may be located on
or inside the equipment to alert people
that dangerous voltage may be present.
Burn Hazard - Labels may be located on
or inside the equipment to alert people
that surface temperatures may be
dangerous.
2.1 Internal Protection Features
The battery has several features built-in to protect against the effect of abusive conditions:
12V Smart Battery
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Drypower Lithium Iron Phosphate technology in every cell provides lithium-ion advantages
of high energy, light weight, and long life withoutthe fear of thermal runaway under abuse
conditions.
Built-in PCM can offer over voltage, under voltage, over current and over temperature
protection and balancing.
The 12V smart battery can offer communication and fuel gauge indicator which make the
battery much more easy to use and maintenance.
3BEFORE YOU START
3.1 Caution
Please read all the safety information provided in this document prior to installing and/or
operating the battery.
The Drypower battery should be professionally installed and handled. Please contact Drypower
for free consultation if you have any questions aboutthe handling, operation and safe use of this
battery proceeding further.
CAUTION:
Performing any of the following actions will immediately void your warranty on the product and
could lead to a potentially dangerous situation.
Breaking the lid and exposing the circuit boards and battery assemblies.
Punching or otherwise physically damaging the battery casing, circuit boards, battery cells or
any other part of the battery mechanism.
Operating the battery in an environment where the temperature is higherthan 50℃(122°F).
If you believe that in the course of using the Drypower battery, you will conflict with any of the
above listed conditions or any other safety precautions listed in this manual, please DO NOT
proceed any further. Contact your place of purchase immediately for guidance and information.
VISUAL INSPECTION
Please inspect each battery carefully. Report any damage from shipping to Drypower immediately.
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION LIMITS
The smart batteries are UL Recognized as a standalone battery only and has not been evaluated
for series and/or parallel configuration. If you need connect them in series/parallel for extended
applications, kindly obey the below system configuration limits,
Battery model12V Smart Battery
Maximum System Voltage 24V (2 pcs in series)
Maximum Number of Batteries in Parallel 3 pcs in parallel *
Table 1: System Configuration
Note: see section 4.6 (page 9) and section 6.1 (page 12)
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3.2 Definition
Drypowerdefines battery components and batteries as follows:
Cell – A single LiFePO4 battery representing 3.2V.
Cell Block – A group of cells configured in parallel.
Battery Pack – A group of batteries in series or in parallel. Hereafter, we will say battery.
12V Smart Battery – Drypower12.8V LiFePO4 battery with SMbus communication & fuel
gauge indicator.
Figure 1 IFM12-90E3 Figure 2 IFM12-200E3 Figure 3 IFM12-420E3
See section 7 (page 13) to know more details of the above batteries.
4INSTALLATION
IMPORTANT! Remove all jewelry or other metallic objects from your hands and body
during the installation of the battery and peripherals. Turn off power to the device prior to
installation of the battery.
4.1 Tips
Do not install batteries above heat generating equipment.
Ensure that all batteries are at same state of charge prior to connecting together. Contact
your place of purchase for suggestions on howto perform this task.
Use flexible insulated copper cables, like welding cable, or equivalent bus bar for serial or
parallel power connections if needed.
Right side up is recommended. If the battery must be mounted on its side to fit in the
application, we recommend the terminals be positioned towards the top of the battery.
4.2 Installation Steps for Basic Hook Up
1. Fasten the battery in position via means supplied in the device.
2. Attach negative cable from the device to the negative terminal on the battery.
3. Attach positive cable from the device to the positive terminal on the battery.
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4.3 Installation Steps for a Battery or Multiple Batteries Installation
1. Add additional jumpers to complete the series string as depicted in figure 4.
2. Batteries must be connected in parallel before the series string is connected as depicted in
figure 5.
3. Please contact Drypower if the system includes more than 6 batteries.
NOTE:
1) The jumper cable must be the same gauge cable as the positive and negative
terminal cables;
2) The length of jumper cable for parallel string should be the same;
3) Batteries should be at the same state of charge, voltage & impedance when wiring
them in parallel or series;
4) Do not connect the 12V LiFePO4 battery to other chemistries, lots, manufacturers,
series，impedance or capacity 12V battery. For example, do not connect IFM12-90E3
(12.8V9.0Ah) to a lead-acid 12V7Ah or IFM12-200E3 (12.8V20Ah) battery.
4.3.1 Series Installation
Batteries are configured in a series when increased voltage is needed. As shown below, three
batteries are connected with jumpers. For example, assume these are 12V batteries. Connecting
them in this configuration results in added voltage to yield 24V but the capacity stays the same.
Figure 4 Installation of batteries in series (2S1P configuration)
•Two batteries in series: 2 x 12.8 V = 25.6 V (nominal) for 24 V applications
NOTE:
1. Do not connect more than two 12V batteries in series, as the total voltage exceeds the
limits of the built-in PCM. Compromising the PCM increases the risk of an over-voltage or
over-temperature event that may damage the battery and the device.
2. When connect the smart battery in series/parallel, you can read each battery
information via its communication port one by one only!
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4.3.2 Parallel Installation
The battery configuration in figure 5 shows a simultaneous parallel and series format. The
parallel configuration allows for capacity to increase while voltage remains the same.
1. Before wiring multiple 12V batteries together, all batteries must be individually charged to
100% SOC using a specified current limit (see specification).
2. Connect batteries together not to exceed 2S3P (2 in series,3 in parallel).
3. The entire group of batteries should then be float charged at a specified current (see
specification) according tothe number of series (13.8 V for 1S, 27.6 V for 2S). This float
should be held for at least 24 hours to allow the batteries in the system to fully balance.
4. We strongly recommend to charge each battery alone before use.
5. To recharge the group, repeat the process starting at step 3. This will ensure that all cells
are once again properly balanced in preparation for the next discharge.
4.3.3 Parallel & Series Installation
As shown in figure 5, a combination of the parallel and series format allows for increased
capacity and voltage resulting in longer run time. For example, if each battery shown below is
a 12V battery, the combined parallel and series installation will result in 24V and twice the
capacity.
Figure 5 Installation of batteries in parallel and in series (2S2P configuration)
Ensure that parallel connections between batteries are completed prior to connecting the
batteries in series.
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5CHARGING THE BATTERIES
5.1 Charging batteries
Failure to follow the following safety instructions may result in personal injuries or
damage to the device!
•Do not connect more than two batteries in series. Connecting more than two batteries in
series might exceed the voltage limit of the built-in PCM, leaving the battery without critical
safety features such as over-voltage and over-temperature protection.
•Do not short circuit the 12V batteries.
The 12V LiFePO4 battery is compatible with 12V lead-acid battery charger of 6 A or less (if
applicable) although it would lead to lower discharging capacity. Chargers that automatically
detect voltage at the terminals and charge accordingly may fail to wake the 12V from a state of
under-voltage protection. Constant Voltage (CV) chargers may result in an inrush of current due
to the low impedance of the cells, interrupting the charge. Reset the charger and continue
charging normally if the charger trips. Determine the end-of-charge voltage for the battery
system by multiplying the number of batteries connected in series by the maximum
recommended charge voltage of a single battery (14.6V), as shown in Equation 1.
Eq. 1(Number of batteries in series) x (Recommended Maximum Charge Voltage, battery) =
Charge Voltage, String
To prevent damage to 12V batteries connected in series from a current inrush during charging,
ensure that the difference between battery system voltage and charger voltage is never greater
than 10.0V and limit the peak inrush current to 10A(if applicable). Limit the peak inrush current
by minimizing charger capacitance and/or providing current limiting circuitry between the charger
and battery system. To charge a single 12V battery, the maximum charge voltage is 14.6V and
the maximum charge and inrush current is 10A(if applicable). We recommend to charge each
battery alone before use.
Refer to the following table for recommended charge currents and voltage.
Example Description
Example 1 If the battery string has 2 batteries in parallel (2P), and the recommended charge
current per battery is 9.0 A, then the charge current for this parallel string is 9.0 A.
Example 2 If the battery string has two batteries in series (2S), and the recommended charge
voltage per battery is 14.6 V, then the end of charge voltage for this series string is
29.2 V: (2 batteries, series) x (14.6 V) = 29.2 V
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Example 3 If the battery string has 2 batteries in series and 2 batteries strings in parallel (2S2P),
the recommended charge voltage per battery is 14.6 V, and the recommended charge
current per battery is 10 A, then the charge current and charge voltage for the string is
10 A and 29.2 V: (2 batteries, series) x (14.6 V) = 29.2 V (2 batteries, parallel) 10 A
Table 2 Examples for Charging
Once you reach end-of-charge voltage, apply a constant voltage hold at this voltage until the
current decays to almost zero. This charges the batteries to 100% state of charge (SOC). Refer
to figure 6 for an illustration
Figure 6 Battery Voltage and Current During Recharge
5.2 Relationship Between Charge Limits and Temperature
Due tothe chemistry of LiFePO4 cells, the batteries cannot accept as much charge current at
lower temperatures without risking permanent loss of capacity. As the cells’ temperature rises
during the charging process, they can gradually accept higher currents. To maintain optimum
performance and durability of the 12V, Drypower recommends the following charge limits
based on ambient temperature:
Temperature (
℃
)
Recommended Charge rate
0≤C/10
5≤C/5
10 ≤C/2
20 ≤1C(if applicable)
Table 3 Charge Rate by Temperature
12V Smart Battery
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