Dynabyte 5100 User manual
5100
Computer Unit
Technical Manual
400676
7.
CONTENTS
Fault Location
Power Supply Module Voltages And
Adjustment
Removing Assembl
ies
. .
REFERENCE
S-100
Bus
Schematics and Replaceable Parts
Technical Manual Revisions .
ILLUSTRATIONS
Figure
1-'
-
5100
Computer
Figure
2-1
-
5100
Computer -Front Panel
Table
2-1
-
5100
Computer -
Front
Panel
Controls and Indicators
Figure 2-2A -
5100
Computer -Rear Panel
Figure 2-2B -
5100
Computer-
Rear Panel
Table 2-2 -
5100
Computer -Rear Panel
Controls and Connectors . . . . .
Figure 2-3 -
5100
Computer -Interior
Table 2-3 -
5100
Computer -Interior Major
Assemblies
..........
.
Figure 3-1 -
5100
Computer Functional Block
Diagram
Table
4-1
-
5100
Computer Functional
Specifications
Page 2
PAGE
31
31
32
37
37
37
37
PAGE
1
4
4
6
6
7
10
11
14
17
ILLUSTRATIONS
Table 4-2 -
5100
Computer Physical
Specifications
Figure 5-1 -
5100
Computer Installed In A
Dynabyte Desk Enclosure
Figure 5-2 -Central Processing Unit -Option
Switch Settings . . . . . . . . . .
Figure 5-3 -64K Random Access Memory -
Option Switch Settings
......
.
Figure 5-4 -Disk Controller -Option Switch
Settings
...........
.
Figure
6-1
-Dynabyte Identification Plate .
Figure 6-2 -Power Supply Module Voltage Test
Points -
BS1
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Table 6-1 -Troubleshooting
Chart.
.
Table 7-1 -Dynabyte S-100 Bus Pin Assignments
Figure 7-1 -
5100
Computer Chassis Wiring
Diagram
..........
. .
Table 7-2 -
5100
Computer Replaceable Parts List
Table 7-3 -
5100
Computer Assembly/Part
Number Cross Reference -Old To Current
. Table 7-4 -
5100
Computer Assembly/Part
Number Cross Reference -Current To Old .
Table 7-5 -
CPU
-Serial and Parallel I/O Pin
Assignments • . . . . . . . . . .
PAGE
20
22
26
27
28
31
31
35
38
43
44
46
47
48
1.
GENERAL
1.01 This
manual
provides a physical
and
func-
tional
description
and
operating
theory
necessary
for
effective field service
of
the
5100
Computer.
Prior
to
May
1,
19S0,
the
5100
Computer
was designated
the
DBS/1
Computer
and
was
documented
using
an
eight-digit:
part
number
system. This
manual
uses
the
current
Dynabyte
six-digit
part
number
system.
Part
7
includes cross-reference
tables
for
referencing
old
part
numbers
to
current
part
numbers.
Features
1.02
The
5100
Computer,
illustrated
in
Figure 1-1, is supplied individually
or
as a
system
component
to
a larger
Dynabyte
computer
system: Series
5300,
5600,
5700
and
5900.
It
is
an
S-100 Bus
computer
which
includes a
central
processing
unit
(CPU),
random
access
memory
(RAM)
and
input
and
output
(I/O)
ports.
A high degree
of
flexibility
has
been
designed
into
the
5100
Computer
for field servicing
and
provision
for
expansion
to
the
user's
computer
system.
Features
of
the
5100
include
the
following:
•
Z-SO
microprocessor
operating
at
4 MHz.
•
Two
serial,
software
programmable
110
to
76,SOO
baud
ports.
Each
of
the
port's
data
lines
may
be
configured
to
an
RS-232C
level
or
20
mA
current
loop
data
communi-
cation
line interface.
•
One
parallel
port
with
full
handshaking
logic.
•
Application
of
the
ac line
power
causes
the
5100
to
jump
to
a
switch-optioned
starting
address
in
memory.
This
option
is disabled
when
the
5100
is
configured
with
a
5010
Dual
Diskette
Storage
Unit.
•
Ten
internal
timers.
• Sixteen
prioritized
vectored
interrupts.
• A real
time
clock.
400676
• Memory is available in
4SK
or
64K
con-
figurations. Additionally,
optionally
bank
switching
to
400K
bytes
can
also
be
pro-
vided
with
multiple
memory
cards.
•
The
power· supply
module
features
pre-
regulation
to
minimize
operational
problems
.
from
brown
outs
and
line voltage surges.
•
Efficient
cooling
of
the
5100
S-100 cards
and
power
supply
is
assure~
by
a 4-5/S inch
metal
axial
fan(s)
furnishing
air
through
the
chassis
and
exhausted
out
through
the
rear
panel.
•
The
backplane
is shielded
and
fully
socketed
for
12
S-100
card
positions.
• Heavy
duty
metal
construction
with
cast
aluminum
bezels
front
and
rear
is used.
•
The
front
panel switches POWER
and
RESET-HALT are illuminated.
• A line fuse is provided for ac line
protection.
• A
switched
ac
power
outlet
is
provided
for
auxiliary
equipment,
e.g., a
5010
Dual
Diskette
Storage Unit.
• Each
internal
subassembly is
modular
and
is
unit
replaceable
for
ease
in
servicing.
• A
woodgrain
veneer enclosure
top
is
provided.
•
Each
5100
carries a ISO-day
warranty
on
parts
and
labor
from
the
date
of
shipment
.
from
Dynabyte.
• Each
5100
is
burned
in
for
a
minimum
of
72
hours.
1.03
Dynabyte
maintains
hardware
and
software
compatibility
with
Dynabyte
S-100 cards
used
in
the
Dynabyte
S-100 Bus
only.
S-100
I/O
cards, e.g.,
modems,
clocks
and
parallel
ports
from
other
manufacturers
will
be
compatible
with
the
Dynabyte
S-100 Bus
in
most
cases.
Con
tact
Dynabyte
for
specific applications.
Page 3
400676
Figure
2-1
~
5100
Computer -Front Panel -
801387
Table
2-1
-5100 Computer -
Front
Panel Controls and Indicators
Key Element Function
1 POWER
ON
OFF
Applies
the
ac line
to
the
5100
Computer
and
the
ac
power
Switch
and
Indicator
receptacle
on
the
rear
panel.
Refer
to
Figure 2-2, Key
3.
The
indicator
lights
when
+8 V
dc
is available from
the
power
supply.
2 RESET Switch
and
Momentarily grounds
the
S-100 Reset line generating a Power
On
HALT
Indicator
Clear
(PaC)
sequence:
(1) CPU Program
Counter
is reset,
(2) Disk Controller is reset.
When
the
indicator
is
lit,
the
CPU has
stopped
at
a Z-80
HL
T
(76H)
instruction
in
the
program.
Page
4
2. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
2.01 The
5100
Computer
illustrated in Figure 1-1
is
an
integrated piece
of
electronic equip-
ment
incorporating all necessary
component
assemblies.
The
principle assemblies are:
(1) Power Supply Module,
(2) Central Processing
Unit
(CPU),
(3) 8-100 Bus Card Cage
and
Motherboard,
(4)
Random
Access Memory (RAM).
Some
of
the
optional
assemblies are:
(5)
Quadraport,
(6)
Octaport,
(7) Disk Controller.
Details
on
these individual assemblies, as well as
their
schematic diagrams
and
replaceable
parts
lists, are furnished
under
separate cover as individual
technical manuals. These assemblies have
been
enclosed in an exceptionally
compact
package
measuring
52
cm
x
47
cm
x
18
cm
(20.5 in. x
18.5
in. x 7
in.)
weighing
25
kg
(about
55
lbs.).
2.02 The
5100
draws nominally
313
VA
of
115
Vac,
60
Hz commercial power.
It
may
be
factory
optioned
for
operation
from a
230
Vac,
50
Hz line.
2.03 The
5100
is designed
to
operate
efficiently
in
an
environment
with
an
ambient
temper-
ature
range
from
10~
C fo 35°C (50°F
to
95°
F)and
with
a relative
humidity
from
20
to
80
per
cent.
2.04 Figures 2-1
through
2-3 provide
number
key callouts
of
all
components
located
on
the
front,
rear
and
interior
of
the
5100.
Associated
Tables 2-1
through
2-3 provide a cross reference
for
each callout, identifying
the
respective
part
as
to
function, description
and/or
designation.
Front
Panel
2.05 Refer
to
Figure 2-1 for
the
description
which follows. The
5100
Computer
Front
Panel has only
two
operating
controls
with
which
the
user should
be
concerned.
400676
(1)
The
POWER ON
OFF
Switch
turns
the
computer
on
and
off. The switch also
connects
the
ac line
power
to
a convenience
receptacle
on
the
rear
panel
for
powering a
mass storage device such as
the
Dynabyte
5010.
The switch also contains
an
indicator
which
lights
when
there
is an
output
from
the
internal
+8 V
dc
power
supply.
IMPORTANT
The
5100
Computer
should
never
be
turned
on
or
off
while
a
diskette
is
installed
in a drive.
(2)
The
RESET
Switch
is
used
to
restart
the
computer
if
it
should
become
locked
up
due
to
a software
or
hardware
malfunction.
Operating
the
RESET
Switch causes
the
S-100
Reset Line, Pin
75,
to
be
active low. The Reset
Line is an
input
to
the
Power
On
Clear (POC)
circuits
and
resets
the
CPU Program Counter,
Disk Controller,
etc.
Then
the
CPU initiates
a
reboot
by
jumping
to
a
starting
address
appropriate
for
the
user's system. The switch
also
contains
an
indicator, which,
when
lit,
indicates
the
CPU has read a
Halt
(HLT)
instruction
and
has
stopped.
Rear Panel
2.06 Figure 2-2A and Figure 2-2B illustrate
Revision A
and
Revision B
of
the
5100
Rear Panel.
The
5100
Computers shipped
after
August
1,
1980,
incorporate
a Revision B Rear
Panel. Table 2-2 tabulates
and
describes each
of
the
rear panel elements. Ac line
and
computer
Input
Output
(I/O)
connections are
through
the
rear panel.
At
the
right,
the
ac line
is
connected
through
an
IEC
connector.
This permits
the
5100
to
be
connected
domestically
to
115
Vac,
60
Hz
with
a National ElectricalManufacturersAssociation
(NEMA)
cord
set
or
internationally
with
a
cord
set
appropriate
for
that
country.
A line fuse
provides
protection
for
the
5100
and
equipment
powered
from
the
ac convenience receptacle above.
CAUTION
Power
consumption
from
the
ac
convenience
receptacle
is
limited
to
200
VA.
Page 5
400676
Figure 2-2A -5100 Computer -Rear
Panel
-Revision A - 802470
Figure 2-2B -5100 Computer -Rear
Panel
-Revision B - 800266
Page
6
Key
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
400676
Table 2-2 -
5100
Computer -Rear Panel Controls and Connectors
Element
Ac Line Receptacle
(J6)
Ac Line Fuse
(F1)
SWITCHED AC
OUTLET
Receptacle (J7)
Axial Fan(s)
Dynabyte
Identification
Plate
SERIAL
1
PRINTER
Port
Receptacle
SERIAL
2
TERMINAL
Port
Receptacle
PARALLEL
I/O
Port
Receptacle
FLOPPY DISK
I/O
Receptacle
Hard Disk
I/O
Access
Hole
and
Clamp
I/O
Port
Connector
Area
Function
IEC
standard
three-wire male receptacle. Provides
for
ac line,
neutral
and
a
third
wire
bonded
to
the
chassis frame. Mates
with
Belden P-2392 ac
cord
set
for
U.S.
domestic
use
or
the
appropriate
cord
set
for
the
export
country.
Provides ac line
overcurrent
protection:
(1)
115
Vac - 6 A.
(2)
230
Vac - 3 A.
Early serial
number
units
are provided
with
a
circuit
breaker
in this
position.
NEMA three-wire female receptacle provides
for
the
ac line,
neutral
and
third
wire
bonded
to
the
chassis frame. This
receptacle
is
switched
by
the
POWER ON Switch
on
the
front
panel, refer
to
Figure 2-1,
Key
1,
and
is
protected
by
fuse,
Key
2, above.
This
outlet
normally
supplies
power
to
a
5010
Dual
Diskette
Storage
Unit,
200
VA
maximum.
Provides
for
drawing
heat
from
the
power
supply
module
and
-
internal
heat
dissipating
pc
assemblies.
Furnishes
the
model
and
serial
number
necessary
for
warranty
service.
Refer
to
Figure 6-1.
DB-25-S
connector.
Optionally
EIA
RS-232C
or
20
rnA
current
interface.
Connection
point
for
the
EIA
cable
to
the
Serial Printer.
DB-25-S
connector.
Optionally
EIA
RS-232C
or
20
rnA
current
interface.
Connection
point
for
the
EIA
cable
to
the. Video
Terminal.
DB-25-S
connector.
Eight-bit parallel
I/O
connection
point
to
25-conductor
cable
to
a parallel
printer.
50-conductor
ribbon
connector.
Provides a
connection
point
for
the
cable
to
the
Dynabyte
5010
Dual
Diskette
Storage
for
I/O
data,
control
and
status
lines.
Furnishes a
hole
and
clamp
for
the
cable
to
the
Dynabyte
5012
Cartridge Module Drive.
Provides
positions
for
DB-25-S
connectors.
Figure 2-2 illustrates
connectors
for:
(1) Three
ports
from
the
CPU,
(2) Up
to
16
ports
from
the
Octaport.
Page]
400676
2.07 A four-inch fanes) draws
heat
dissipated
internally
out
the
rear panel.
Air
is drawn
into
the
5100
cabinet
through
louvers provided
in
the
bottom
of
the
cabinet. Refer
to
Figure 2-3.
IMPORTANT
Install
the
5100
Computer
so as
not
to
obstruct
the
air
flow
through
the
louvers
in
the
bottom
of
the
cabinet
and
allow
a three-inch clearance from
the
rear
of
the
fan.
Desk-type system cabinets supplied from
Dynabyte
aredesigned
to
assure
constant
air
flow
through
the
computer.
2.08 Several mass storage devices can
be
used
with
the
5100.
The
rear
panel
furnishes
connector
access
for
these devices.
(1) A fifty-pin
ribbon
cable
connector
provides
for
disk I/O signals,
control
signals
and
status signals
to
a
Dynabyte
5010
Dual Diskette
Storage Unit.
(2) A rectangular hole provides access
for
a
multi-wire
ribbon
cable
for
disk
I/O
signals,
control
and
status
to
a
Dynabyte
5012
Cartridge
Module Drive.
2.09 Eight (sixteen) positions are provided
on
the
rear panel
for
DB-25-S
connectors
and
are used
for
I/O
signals
to
the
system peripheral
devices such as:
(1) Serial Printers,
(2) Video Terminals,
(3) Parallel
I/O
Printers,
(4) Acoustical Coupler
or
Modems,
(5) Plotting Terminals.
Each installation will vary depending
upon
the
selection
of
peripheral devices
and
the
appli-
cations programs in use. Three
I/O
ports
are
furnished as
part
of
the
CPU. These are
shown
connected
to
the
rear panel illustrated
in
Figure 2-2
and
2-3.
In
applications requiring
additional
ports,
a
Quadraport
or
an
Octaport
may
be
installed
Page 8
into
the
8-100 Bus
and
interconnected
to
the
rear
panel.
Both
the
front
and
rear panels
are
secured
to
their
respective bezel
by
6-32 Kep
nuts.
Each bezel is secured
to
the
base
plate
by
6-32
screws.
Both
panel
and
bezel
may
be
easily removed
for
servicing
or
installation
of
additional
I/O
ports
in
the
field.
Card Cage -
S-1OO
Bus
2.10
Refer
to
Figure 2-3
for
the
description
which follows. The card cage furnishes a
rigid
support
structure
for
the
8-100 Bus cards
when
they
are inserted
into
the
8-100 Bus. The
Motherboard PC Assembly contains
12
8-100 Bus
receptacles
or
jacks,
J1
through
J12.
Each
jack
has
100
separate pins. The
actual
bus consists
of
100
parallel traces
on
the
pc
board
connecting
the
same
pin
on
each jack. Each line
has
a
ground
trace
between
it
and
the
adjacent line
to
minimize
coupling between signal lines.
2.11 The 8-100 Bus lines are described
by
function
in
Part
3
of
this manual. Physically
they
make
up
five groups:
(1) Power
and
common
lines. These are con-
nected
to
the
power
supply
module
discussed
in
2.17.
8ix lines.
(2) , Address lines. Six lines.
(3)
Data
In
and
Out
lines.
16
lines.
(4) Control Signal lines.
40
lines.
(5)
Dynabyte
Reserved lines.
22
lines.
The
Motherboard PC Assembly,also contains a few
descrete
components
which
make
up
the
Halt
Detector.
The
Halt
Detector
and
Reset line are
connected
to
the
front
panel
by
a four-conductor
receptacle,
J13,
connected
to
plug,
P13,
mounted
at
the
front
edge
of
the
Motherboard PC Assembly.
S-100 Bus Cards
2.12
Dynabyte
8-100 Bus cards are
pc
assemblies
normally measuring 5 x
10
inches.
A 100-pinedge
connector
mates
with
the
8-100 Bus
connector
on
the
motherboard.
This
connector
is
offset
by
5/8
inch from
the
card
centerline, i.e.,
an
8-100 Bus
card
cannot
be
inserted
into
a
jack
backwards.
2.13
Dynabyte
S-100 Bus cards
may
have
one
or
more
on-board regulators
for
regulating
and
distributing
the
dc
power
supply voltages
from
the
bus
to
the
logical elements
on
the
card.
NOTE
An
S-100
Bus
card
should
never
be
inserted
or
removed
from
the
bus
when
the
ac line
power
is
on.
2.14 A solder
mask
is applied
to
the
component
and
non-component
sides
of
the
pc
boards
when
it
is
manufactured
and
before
it
is loaded
with
components.
This
mask
covers all surfaces
except:
(1) The
100
gold-plated fingers
of
the
edge
connectors,
(2) Each
of
the
plated-through holes.
The solder
mask
assures
there
will
be
no
bridges
between
traces. The soldering
operation
can
then
only
take
place
at
a
hole
where normally solder
joins a
component
lead
and
a pad.
2.15
Dynabyte
S-100 Bus cards usually provide
sockets
for
most
multi-lead active devices
to
facilitate fault location
and
servicing.
2.16 Options for
Dynabyte
S-100 cards are
provided
by
three
methods:
(1) Dual-In-Line packaged (DIP) switches
of
one
to
nine
poles, SPST, are normally used
in
functions which
may
have
to
be
set
to
the
user's individual installation.
IMPORTANT
Never
change
the
settings
of
an
Option
Switch
without
referring
to
the
Option
Switch
Tables
in
the
individual
Dynabyte
S-100
Bus
Card
Technical
Manual.
(2) Bare wire straps are soldered
into
the
pc
board
for
options
which are installed
at
the
factory. These are
not
to
be
changed
in
the
field
except
by
instructions
from
Dynabyte
Customer
400676
Support
or
when specified in
the
individual
Dynabyte
S-100 Bus Card Technical Manual.
(3) Instructions are
written
into
a program-
mable read-only
memory
(PROM)
at
the
Dynabyte
factory resulting in a read-only mem-
ory
(ROM). In some applications a ROM can be
phantomed
into
a desired range
of
addressed
RAM. Phantoming means a
memory
segment
can replace
another
under
program
control.
In
the
5100/5010
configuration,
when
the
5100
is
set
to
POWER
ON
or
RESET
is operated,
the
CPU
jumps
to
the
starting address
of
the
disk
controller
ROM. The ROM
boot
instructions
are overlaid
at
the
common
address location.
These instructions are for
the
CPU
to
read
Track
0,
Sector 1 from Drive A. This particular
operation
is called
the
ROM
Boot.
Track
0,
Sector
1 contains additional
instructions
which
are loaded
into
RAM
and
executed.
These
instructions cause
the
CPU
to
read
the
Dynabyte
Disk Operating System from
the
diskette
or
disk. This second
operation
is
called
the
Disk
Boot.
The ROM is
then
switched
out.
NOTE
Dynabyte
ROMs
are
individually
marked
with
a
Dynabyte
part
number.
The
part
number
represents
an
individual
program
for
a
specific
equipment
configuration.
The
R
OM
part
numbers
are
tabulated
for
various
equipment
configurations
in
the
specific
S-100
Bus
Card
Technical
Manual.
Changes in
options
of
this
type
are
made
by
exchanging
the
particular ROM. ROMs are only
available from
Dynabyte.
2.17
Dynabyte
S-100 Bus cards
carry
a distinc-
tive white silkscreened marking
on
the
component
side
of
the
pc
assembly.
(1) The card name
and
part
number.
This
facilitates
board
identification
and
refer-
encing for reordering, servicing
and
referencing
the
appropriate
Dynabyte
S-100 Card Technical
Manual, schematic
or
replaceable
parts
list.
(2)
Component
reference designators are
marked
when practical.
They
facilitate
locating
the
individual
part
on
a schematic
or
parts
list.
Page 9
400676
2 1
Figure 2-3 -5100 Computer -Interior
Page
10
Key
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
700676
Table 2-3 -
5100
Computer
-Interior Major Assemblies
Element
Axial Fan(s)
Power
Supply
Module
800057
Card Cage
and
Motherboard
PC Assembly
800038
Front
Panel
Indicator
Connector
J13
Front
Panel Power
Connector
CPU
I/O
Cable
800285
Disk Interface
I/O
Cable
800228
Random
Access Memory
PC Assembly
800589
CPU PC Assembly
803439
Main Disk Controller
PC Assembly
800741
Cabinet Louvers
Function
Provides forced
air
cooling
to
the
power
supply
module
and
internal
heat
dissipating
pc
assemblies.
Accepts
115
or
230
Vac, 50-60 Hz
and
supplies
the
following
preregulated voltages
to
the
S-100 Bus
and
other
assemblies:
(1) +16 Vdc,
(2) +8 Vdc,
(3) Power
Supply
common,
(4)
-16
Vdc.
Provides
12
pc
assembly positions. Power
and
signal busses are
tabulated
by
function
in Table 7-1.
A four-position
connector
which provides a
connection
point
for
the
cable
to
the
POWER ON,
HALT
indicators
and
the
RESET
switch
on
the
front
panel.
A
two-position
connector
which provides a
connection
point
for
the
cable
to
the
POWER ON switch
on
the
front
panel.
Provides
for
the
interconnection
of
data,
status
and
control
between
the
CPU PC Assembly
and
the
rear
panel
I/O
ports.
Refer
to
Figure 2-2, Key 6, 7
and
8.
Provides
for
the
interconnection
of
data,
status
and
control
between
the
Controller PC Assembly
and
the
Rear Panel.Disk
I/O
receptacle. Refer
to
Figure 2-2, Key 9.
Provides storage
for
the
Operating System, Application Program
and
variables during program
execution.
Provides a
central
processor,
interrupt
logic,
two
serial
I/O
ports
and
one
parallel
I/O
port.
Provides
the
logic,
status
registers
and
ROM
bootstrap
to
support
the
Dynabyte
diskette
drives. A Controller is
normally
supplied
with
the
diskette
storage
unit
and
is
shown
in Figure 2-3
for
reference
only.
Provides air inlets
for
drawing air
into
the
cabinet
for
ventilation.
Page 11
400676
Most
Dynabyte
pc
assemblies derive
the
major
component
reference designators
from
a row-
column
matrix
silkscreened
onto
the
pc
board.
For
example, rows are A
to
D'
and
columns are
1
to
18
on
the
64K
RAM card. An integrated
circuit
located
in
the
upper
left
corner
is A1
and
the
one
located
in
the
lower
right
corner
is
D18.
2.18
Input/Output
(I/O) Signals
not
affecting
the
S-100 Bus'are transferred over special
multi-pin
connectors
normally
located
at
the
top
of
the
pc assembly. Cable harnesses which
mate
.with these
connectors
are
normally
made
up
of
flat multi-pair
or
flat twisted multi-pair cable.
Figure 2-3, Keys 6
and
7,
show
typical flat
I/O
cables.
Page
12
Power Supply Module
2.19
The
power
supply
module
is
located
at
the
rear
of
the
5100
cabinet
between
the
card
cage and
the
rear panel. The
power
supply
operates
on
115
or
230
Vac,
50
or
60
Hz
line,optioned
.'
internally
by
straps.
It
utilizes a phase-controlled
regulator
to
provide ac line
and
load regulation.
The supply operates
at
relatively high efficiency
and
utilizes a
minimum
of
components
resulting
in
high reliability.
The
ac chassis wiring
to
the
power
supply
module
includes
an
EMI filter
to
minimize
radiation
of
power
supply switching transients
over
the
ac line.
3.
FUNCTIONAL
DESCRIPTION
3.01
Part
3 will furnish
the
user
with
an
overview
of
the
5100
Computer
and
the
8-100
Bus. Detailed
information
on
individual
Dynabyte
8-100 cards is
provided
in
its technical
manual.
NOTE
An
* sUffix
to
a signal
name
indicates
logical
NO
T
and
active
10
w.
3.02 Figure 3-1 illustrates
the
5100
Computer
in
block
diagram.
It
should
be
used
in
conjunction
with
the
schematic
diagrams in
Part
7
to
familiarize
the
user
with
the
circuits:
The
5100
Computer
chassis
can
be
divided
into
three
logical
sections:
(1)
Operational
Controls,
(2)
Power
8upply
Module,
(3) 8-100 Bus.
3.03
Two
operation
controls
are
provided
on
the
5100
Computer.
(1)
The
POWER
switch
applies ac line voltage
to
the
fans, ac convenience
receptacle
and
power
supply
module.
The
POWER
ON
indicator
is
lit
when
the
power
supply
module
outputs
nominally
+8 Vdc.
(2)
The
RE8ET
switch
pulls
the
Reset
line,
Pin 75,
of
the
.8-100 Bus
low
to
initiate
a
restart
of
the
CPU,
etc.
The
reset
switch
housing
cont~ns
a
lamp
and
indicates a
halt
when
lit. A
Halt
Detector
is
part
of
the
8-100
Motherboard
PC Assembly. This
detector
moni-
tors
the
HLT
A line, Pin
48.
When
this
status
line goes high, a
HLT
instruction
has
been
executed.
The
HALT
indicator
is lit.
3.04
The
Power
Supply
Module
converts
ac line
voltage
to
low
dc
voltages
for
the
8-100 Bus
and
monitoring
circuits.
It
provides
regulation
against ac line
fluctuations
and
load
variations
of
the
8-100 Bus.
The
output
voltages are
nominally:
(1) +16 Vdc,
400676
(2) +8 Vdc,
(3)
-16
Vdc.
One
adjustment,
R2
on
the
Modulator
PC Assem-
bly
and
part
of
the
power
supply
module,
is used
to
set
the
+8 V
dc
supply
output
voltage.
The
other
voltages
are
nominal
and
track
the
+8 Vdc.
Refer
to
Figure 6-2
for
the
tolerance
range.
3.05 Regulation is provided
by
a
triac
modulating
the
ac line applied
to
the
low
voltage
power
transformer.
The
+8 Vdc
output
line is
monitored
and
a
feedback
loop
is
used
to
control
the
con-
duction
of
the
triac resulting
in
phase-controlled
regulation.
3.06
All
power
supply
output
voltages are
passively filtered. Ripple
on
the
+8
Vdc
line
is
0.3
to
1 Volt.
3.07
The
S-J
00
Bus
system
consists
of
a
set
of
signal lines used
to
carryall
information,
interface
messages
and
device-dependent
messages
among
interconnected
devices.
3.08 The bus
structure
is organized
into
seven
sets
of
signal lines:
(1)
Data
Lines,
(2) Address Lines,
(3)
8tatus
Bus,
(
4)
Control
Output,
(5)
Control
Input
Bus,
(6)
Vectored
Interrupt
Bus,
(7) Utility Bus.
Refer
to
Table 7-1
for
the
description
which
follows.
NOTE
In
and
Out
References
are in
respect
to
the
CPU.
Page'13
[8~JThfID
Line
-600
VA
Neutral
I[wTICHEQgQul''Lill
Line
-200
VA
Neutral
I
I
~
1/0 Ports
Central
Processing
Unit
Random
Access
Memory
50
Interconnect
.--
.....
_--.,L---
__
_
Input Output
Ports Diskette
Controller
-------7-~D~y=na~by=te~S.~100~B~US~--~------------~--------------~--
1 60
Hz
Reference
Line Filter
and
Power Supply
FANS
t---------
+16Vdc
1-----.----
+8
Vdc
1-----+---
-16
Vdc
,--
----,
I IlpOWERI
S2
Halt
Detector
Figure 3-1 -
5100
Computer
Functional Block Diagram
11
3.09 The
data
bus consists
of
16
lines grouped
as
two
unidirectional 8-bit busses
for
byte
operations.
(1)
Data
output
appears
on
the
data
output
bus DOD -
D07.
D07
is
the
most
signifi-
cant
bit.
(2)
Data
input
appears
on
the
data
input
bus
DID
-DI7. DI7 is
the
most
significant
bit.
3.10 The address bus consists
of
16
signal lines
used
to
select a specific
location
in
memory
or
a specific
input/output
device
for
communi-
cations during
the
current
bus cycle. The
memory
address bus consists
of
16
lines specifying 1
of
64K
memory
locations. These
16
lines are
named
AD
through
A15, where
A15
is
the
most
significant
bit. The
I/O
device address bus consists
of
lines,
AD
through
A
7,
specifying 1
of
256
I/O
devices,
with A7 used as
the
most
significant
bit.
Address
lines
A15
-A8 are used as
an
I/O address modifier
in specific cases, i.e.,
the
Octaport.
3.11 The status bus consists
of
nine lines
that
identify
the
nature
of
the
bus cycle in
progress
and
qualify
the
nature
of
the
address
on
the
address bus.
The
mnemonics
for
status
lines
always begin with a lower case s
and
consist of:
(1) Memory Read -sMEMR
(2) Op-Code
Fetch
-
sMl
(3)
Input
-sINP
(4)
Output
-sOUT
(5) Write Cycle -sWO*
(6)
Interrupt
Acknowledge -sINTA
(7) Halt Acknowledge -sHLTA
(8) Memory Request -sMREQ*
(9)
Memory Refresh -
sRFSH*
3.12 The lines
of
the
control
output
bus
deter-
mine
the
timing
and
movement
of
data
during
any
bus cycle. The
mnemonics
for
the
control
output
lines always begin
with
a lower
case
p.
The
four
lines are:
400676
(1) pSYNC*, which indicates
the
start
of
a
new
bus cycle.
(2) pDBIN, a generalized read
strobe
that
gates
data
from
an
addressed slave
onto
the
data
bus.
(3) pWR*, a generalized
write
strobe
that
writes
data
from the
data
bus
into
an
addressed slave.
(4) pHLDA,
the
hold acknowledge signal
that
indicates
to
the
highest
priority
temporary
master
that
the
permanent
master
is
relinquishing
control
of
the
bus.
3.13 The five lines
of
the
control
input
bus
allow bus slaves
to
synchronize
the
opera-
tions
of
bus masters with
conditions
internal
to
the
bus slave, e.g.,
data
not
ready,
and
to
request
operations
of
the
permanent
master, e.g.,
interrupt
or
hold.
The five
control
input
lines are:
(1) RDY
(2)
XRDY
(3) INT*
(4) NMI*
(5) HOLD*
The
ready
lines are used
by
bus slaves
to
synchro-
nize bus masters
to
the
response speed
of
the
slave. Thus cycles are suspended
and
wait
states
inserted
until
both
ready lines are asserted. The
RDY line is
the
general ready line
for
bus
slaves.
It
is specified as
an
open
collector
line. The
XRDY line is a special ready line used
by
test
devices
to
stop
and single-step
bus
masters.
It
is
not
specified as
an
open
collector line
and
should
not
be
used
by
other
bus slaves since a
bus
conflict
may
exist.
3.14
The
two
interrupt
lines INT* and NMI* are
used
to
request
service
from
the
permanent
bus master.
The
INT* line
may
be
masked
off
by
the
bus master, usually via
an
internal
software
generation.
If
the
bus
master
accepts
the
interrupt
request
on
the
INT* line,
it
may
respond
with
an
interrupt
acknowledge bus cycle accepting vectoring
information
from
the
data
bus.
Page 15
400676
3.15 The NMI* line is a nonmaskable
interrupt
request line,
that
is,
it
may
not
be
masked
off
by
the
bus master. Accepting
an
interrupt
on
the
NMI* line will
not
generate
an
interrupt
acknowledge bus cycle.
An
interrupt
request
on
the
INT* line is asserted as a level,
that
is,
the
line is asserted
until
interrupt
service is
received.
An
interrupt
request
on
the
NMI* line,
on
the
other
hand,
is asserted as a negative-going
edge, since
no
interrupt
acknowledge cycle will
be
generated.
Both
lines are specified as open-collector
lines.
3.16 The
hold
request
line, HOLD*, is used
by
temporary
bus
masters
to
request
control
of
the
bu~
from
the
permanent
bus master
to
prevent
temporary
masters from gaining bus con-
trol.
The
HOLD* line is specified as
an
open
collector line
and
may
only
be
asserted
at
certain
times.
3.17 The eight lines
of
the
vectored
interrupt
bus are used
in
conjunction
with
the
generalized vectored
interrupt
request, INT*,
to
arbitrate
among eight levels
of
interrupt
request
priorities. The eight lines
of
the
vectored
interrupt
bus are
VIO*
through
VI7*, where VIO* is
considered
the·
highest
priority
interrupt.
The
vectored
interrupt
lines should
be
implemented
as levels;
that
is,
they
should be
held
active
until
service is received.
3.18 Power. in
the
Dynabyte
S-100 Bus systems
is
distributed
to
bus
devices as unregulated
voltages. A
total
of
six
bus
lines are used:
(1) +8 Volts, 2 lines,
(2) +16 Volts, 1 line,
(3)
-16
Volts, 1 line,
(4) Power
supply
common,
2 lines.
Page
16
3.19
The
system clock, 4 MHZ PHASE 2,
is generated
by
the
CPU.
The
control
timing
for
all
bus
cycles
must
be
derived
from
this clock. This signal is never transferred during
a
bus
exchange
operation.
3.20
Another
line, called CLOCK, is specified
as a 2 MHz,
0.5
percent
tolerance, signal
with
no
relationship
to
any
other
bus
signal.
It
is used
by
counters, timers, baud-rate generators,
etc.
3.21 System reset functions are divided
into
two
lines:
(1) RESET*, is
an
open
collector
input
line
that
requests a Power On Clear (POC).
(2)
POC*,
power
on
clear is active
on
power
on
and
when
requested
by
RESET*,is specified
as having a
minimum
active period
of
10
ms.
3.22 The
memory
write
strobe,
MWRT, is gener-
ated
by
the
permanent
bus
master
and
is
defined as:
MWRT =
pWR.
sOUT* (logic equation)
3.23
Another
line, PHANTOM*, is provided
for
overlaying bus slaves
at
a
common
address
location. When
this
line is activated,
phantom
bus
slaves are enabled
and
normal
bus slaves are
disabled. This line is specified as an open-collector
line.
3.24
The
remaInIng lines are d.esignated as
Dynabyte
reserved
and
for
use
in
future
8-100 card
and
system designs.
400676
4. SPECI FICATIONS (2)
The
specific
Dynabyte
S-100 cards installed
in
the
bus, i.e.,
the
hardware.
4.01 Part 4 furnishes
the
user
with
information
for
shipping
and
installation
and
should
be
used
to
establish acceptance tests
if
they
are
performed. Minor deviations
from
the
specifications
tabulated
in
Tables 4-1
and
4-2 which
do
not
affect
the
5100
Computer
are excluded
from
the
Dynabyte
Warranty.
4.03 Table 4-1 summarizes
the
5100
Computer
Functional
Specifications
with
the
following
hardware:
(1) Central Processing Unit,
(2)
64K
Random
Access Memory.
4.02 "The functional specifications
of
the
5100
Computer
are
determined
by:
For
other
hardware configurations
the
user
should
refer
to
the
individual
Dynabyte
S-100 Card
Technical Manual Specifications.
(1)
The
Dynabyte
Disk Operating System
and
the
particular application program running,
i.e.,
the
software.
Table
4-1
-
5100
Computer Functional Specifications
Parameter Characteristics
Front
Panel Section
Power Switch
Alternate
action. Lit
in
POWER
ON
condition.
Reset Switch
Momentary
action. Lit
when
the
CPU
is
in
the
Halt
condition.
Card Cage Section
System
Dynabyte
S-100 Bus
Capacity
12
positions
EMI Fully shielded backplane
Processor Section
Type
Z-80A
Clock
Rate
4 MHz
Instruction
Set
158
Interval Timer
Number
10
Time
Unit
64
IlS
per
count
Range 1
to
255
units
(64 IlS
-16.32
ms)
Interrupt
Interrupts
on
0
count
under
program
control
Real Time Clock
Frequency
Ac line
synchronous
Indication Sets
status
bit
or
causes
interrupt
Page
17
400676
Table
4-1
-
5100
Computer Functional Specifications (Continued)
Parameter
Interrupts
Number
Priority, Highest
Priority, Lowest
Levels
of
Interrupt
Masking
Levell
Level 2
Off
Card
Interrupts
Input/Output
Section
Serial Ports
Rates
Rate Selection
Connector
Data
In
Data
Out
Signal
Common
Data
In
Data
Out
Parallel
Port
Input
Page
18
Input
Ready
Flag
Input
Sense
Output
Output
Strobe
Output
Flags
Connector
16
Timer 6
Timer 7
Port
Interrupt
Timer 8
Characteristics
Serial 2 Receive
Data
Available
Serial 2
Transmit
Data
Available
Timer 9
Timer
10
or
Parallel
Port
Input
Bit 7
Timer 1
Timer
2
Real Time Clock
Timer 3
Serial 1 Receive
Data
Available
Serial 1
Transmit
Buffer
Empty
Timer 4
Timer 5
2
Masks all
interrupts
Individual masking
of
interrupts
One maskable
One unmaskable
2
110, 150,
300,
880,
1200,
2400,
4800,
9600,
19,200,
38,400,
76,800
baud
Software
control
DB-25-S
EIA RS-232C
EIA RS-232C
EIA RS-232C
20
rna
current
loop
20
rna
current
loop
1
8 bits
Edge triggered
1
bit
8
bits
1
bit
2
DB-25-S'
400676
Table
4-1
-
5100
Computer Functional Specifications (Continued)
Parameter Characteristics
Memory Section
Random
Access
Address
16
bit
Size
65,536
bytes
(64K)
Type Dynamic
Cycle Time
400
ns
Optional Bank switching
Size
400K
bytes
maximum
Power Supply Section
Type Phase-controlled regulator
Voltages ±16 Vdc
at
6 A
+8 Vdc
at
20
A
Adjustment
1
Rear Panel Section
DB-25-"S
Connector
Positions 8
or
16
Diskette Storage
Connector
50-conductor
ribbon
Convenience Receptacle Two-wire
and
grounded NEMA
200
VA
maximum
Page
19
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