Dynamax Dynamet 5 User manual

DYNAMET 5
Weather Station
User Manual v. 1.1

Dynamet 5
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Copyright 2016 Dynamax Inc
All Rights Reserved
Version 1.1
This manual refers to Lascano-Van Bavel ETP computation algorithm, implementation of the algorithm in
Dynamet 5 weather station, including PC400 data logger support software for Dynamet 5 Weather
station.
Specifications are subject to change. Dynagage is a new product for experimental purposes under
development. DYNAMAX Inc assumes no liability for customer assistance, infringements of patents or
copyrights arising from the use of this product. US Patents covering the construction of various stem flow
gauges are No 5,337,604 and 5,269,183. DYNAMAX does not warrant or represent that any license,
either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, or other intellectual property right
of DYNAMAX relating to this product, or process. There are no implied warranties of merchantability or of
fitness for a particular purpose given with the sale of any goods. DYNAMAX Inc shall not be liable for
consequential, incidental or special charges.
Dynagage, Dynamet, Flow32, Flow32W and Dynamax are trademarks of Dynamax Inc
Lascano-Van Bavel ET algorithm and CR200/CR1000 (Dynamet) program for the same are copyrights of
Dynamax Inc.
IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines
PC208W PC400 and LoggerNet are trademarks of Campbell Scientific Inc
Windows, Windows 95, Window 98, Windows NT, Windows2000, Windows Millennium, Microsoft Office,
Microsoft Excel are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
Updated: 5/12/2017

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Includes documentation for Lascano-van Bavel RCM ET computation algorithm. Programs
written and algorithms verified by
Dr. Robert J. Lascano
Dr. Cornelius van Bavel,
Michael van Bavel, BSEE
Sai P. Gonuguntla, MSEE
Program and algorithms, Copyright, Dynamax, Inc., 2006
Portions of the manual are courtesy of Campbell Scientific, Inc and are subject to Copyright ©
2016, Campbell Scientific, Inc.
Trademarks used are property of their respective owners.
Wind direction
sensor
SC32B
Voltage
Regulator for
Solar panel
Internal
battery
12V, 5 AHr

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION TO DYNAMET 5...............................................................................................7
1.1 Unpacking, Bill of materials........................................................................................................8
1.1.1 Bill of materials......................................................................................................................9
1.2 Communication Options............................................................................................................10
2.0 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION......................................................................................................11
2.1 PC400 Installation......................................................................................................................12
2.1.1 Working Directory Location................................................................................................13
2.2 Lascano-VanBavel ET program for Dynamet 5 .....................................................................14
3.0 DYNAMET 5 AND SENSOR INSTALLATION...........................................................................15
3.1 List of Tools required ................................................................................................................16
3.2 Dynamet 5 and Tripod Installation..........................................................................................19
3.2.1 Tripod Installation:...............................................................................................................20
3.2.2 Solar Panel Installation ........................................................................................................22
3.2.3 Install Dynamet 5 Enclosure................................................................................................23
3.3 Sensor Installation......................................................................................................................24
3.3.1 MaxiMet (GMX500)............................................................................................................24
3.3.2 Solar Radiation (LI200S).....................................................................................................28
3.3.3 Rain Gauge (TE525)............................................................................................................30
3.3.4 Soil Temperature Sensor (TM-10).......................................................................................31
3.3.5 Soil Moisture Sensor (ML3 –Theta Probe).........................................................................31
4.0 Lascano-VanBavel ETP Program..................................................................................................32
4.1 Application of ETP Information...............................................................................................32
4.2 ET Program Basics ....................................................................................................................34
4.2.1 Elevation and Average Barometric Pressure Calculation....................................................34
4.3 ET Variables and complete algorithm.....................................................................................35
4.4 CR1000 Program for Dynamet 5 and ET computation..........................................................37
4.5 Customizing the Program..........................................................................................................39
5.0 USING PC400.................................................................................................................................42
5.1 Setup, Program Logger And Communications.......................................................................42
5.2 Connect To Logger.....................................................................................................................45

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5.3 Monitor Data In Real Time.......................................................................................................46
5.4 Data Collection...........................................................................................................................47
5.5 Advanced PC400 Features ........................................................................................................49
5.5.1 View data and Graphics.......................................................................................................49
5.5.2 SHORT CUT/ SCWIN.........................................................................................................49
5.5.3 CRBasic –Program Editor...................................................................................................49
6.0 DATA FORMAT, VIEW AND GRAPHS......................................................................................50
6.1 File Format .................................................................................................................................50
6.2 Dynamet 5 Data Format............................................................................................................51
6.3 Open Data –Using “View”........................................................................................................53
6.4 Open Data –Using EXCEL.......................................................................................................55
7.0 COMMUNICATIONS ....................................................................................................................57
7.1 RF Modem (RFMX)...................................................................................................................59
7.1.1 Specifications.......................................................................................................................60
7.1.2 List of Hardware ..................................................................................................................60
7.1.3 Programming........................................................................................................................61
7.1.4 Antenna/ Tower....................................................................................................................61
7.1.5 Host Modem Installation......................................................................................................62
7.1.6 Remote Station Installation..................................................................................................62
7.1.7 Use of Repeater....................................................................................................................63
7.2 Dual band cellular wireless Modem (GSM).............................................................................64
7.3 Short-haul Modem (SHM) ........................................................................................................67
7.3.1 Specifications.......................................................................................................................67
7.3.2 Hardware Configuration.......................................................................................................68
7.3.3 Troubleshooting ...................................................................................................................68
7.4 Modes of Communication .........................................................................................................69
7.4.1 Modes of Configuration.......................................................................................................69
7.4.2 A sample large scale setup.......................................................................................................72
Appendix A: LASCANO-VAN BAVEL ITERATIVE ET ALGORITHM................................................75
Appendix B: REFERENCES .....................................................................................................................77
Appendix C: SENSOR SPECIFICATIONS..............................................................................................78

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1.0 INTRODUCTION TO DYNAMET 5
The Dynamet 5 weather station is completely pre-wired, and assembled in a weatherproof
enclosure, including software to read data from weather sensors. Data is collected and stored in
the data logger non-volatile memory. Up to 500,000 records (180 days) can be stored in the
data logger. A block diagram of Dynamet 5 weather station logger is shown on the following
page. Data logger and weather sensors are installed on a 6ft. (2 m) tripod with collapsible legs,
ground stakes, and slide collars for leveling. A crossbar is used for mounting the wind set,
pyranometer and leveling stand, and a 12-plate radiation shield for RH/temperature probe are
installed as shown in the figure below. Grounding rod, Lightening arrestor, and ground rod
cables are required to protect system from lightening surges. The Dynamet 5 weather station is
a specially designed automated system to record the critical weather parameters affecting the
growth and harvest yield of crops.
Each station includes software for weather data retrieval, and RCM ETP algorithm, Lascano-
Van Bavel Evapotranspiration (ETP), for computing ETP in mm/hr, with daily water use. Crop
growth models and Crop Water Index are developed with this information for grower
applications of irrigation, pest control, and performing the optimum harvest. Many other crop
manager decisions can benefit from the hourly weather records, and current information.
Standard evapotranspiration modeling software is packaged with the Dynamet 5 weather
station. The purpose is to compute the potential evapotranspiration from short grass (ETP) in
mm per hour on an hourly basis. A daily total in mm is also computed. The algorithms are based
on the method originally proposed by Penman, but with several modifications by Dr. C.H.M. Van
Bavel and Dr. Robert J. Lascano, that updated the procedure.
Dynamet 5 system Features
Portable 2 meter (6 ft) tripod,
o3 meter (10 ft) optional
Sealed enclosure
MaxiMet GMX500 Weather Station
Ultrasonic wind speed & direction
Built in ETo iterative RCM calculation
CR1000 data logger
10 Watt solar panel, mast mounted
Battery and charger circuit
Scientific grade weather sensors
500,000 data values in recorded data memory
2MB Total program and storage memory
RS-232 Interface, USB and PC 9-pin cable (3m)
Power Up Program Start
PC400 support software
Mast - Enclosure specifications

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1.1 Unpacking, Bill of materials
Using the following bill of materials, open the cartons and check off the items to see that all
material was received in good condition. Notify Dynamax no later than 10 days after receipt if
there are any discrepancies. Notify the shipper and Dynamax immediately if goods are
damaged in transit by mishandling. The white Dynamet 5 enclosure contains the CR10000
logger, voltage regulator for solar panel (some times voltage regulator may be installed at the
back of the solar panel). Sensor cables with sensors installed on the end, and 5' RS232
interface cable, exit from the bottom of the system enclosure. Each sensor lead is labeled with a
sequence number.
Be careful at all times not to step on or otherwise bend the gage connector leads.
A CD Rom Containing your programs includes:
PC400 software supplied with Dynamet 5 systems. A PC400 manual is included in a pdf form.
Dynamet 5 data logger programs directory with the standard program, and a test program.
A directory with your custom program tuned for your weather application, to run the logger with
additional sensors, and a specific solar sensor supplied for your weather station.

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1.1.1 Bill of materials
1. CM106 –10ft Tripod with Grounding Kit
2. Mounting arm –Cross Mount
3. LI200S Pyranometer Sensor
4. LI2003s Pyranometer Leveling Base
5. Pyranometer Mounting Stand
6. CR1000 Data Logger
7. GM500 MaxiMet –Ultrasonic Wind Speed, Wind Direction, Relative Humidity,
Temperature, Barometric Pressure, Dew Point
8. 6ft SDI-12 Cable
9. TE525 Tipping Bucket Rain Gage with 25ft lead
10.TM10 Soil Temperature Probe
11.10W Solar Panel & Mounts
12.5Ahr, 12V Battery
13.Enclosure 10 x 8 Mounting Brackets & Hardware
14.Serial (RS232) to USB Adapter
15.1” SCH40 Aluminum Pipe x 48”

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1.2 Communication Options
Dynamet 5 weather station based on CR1000 logger offers a variety of communication choices
of user to connect between logger and PC using PC400 or LoggerNet for advanced network
applications. Optional RS232, 150 to 250 ft RS232 extension cables can be added for direct
communication at 1200 baud. In addition, Dynamet 5 supports remote communication options
given below with easy to use software features.
(Model DNX9600) Landline Modem for remote field retrieval and control:
Customer provides telephone connections and PC MODEM (Hayes compatible) at computer
location. Many models are supported by the telecommunication software package included in
PC400 or LoggerNet.
(Model: SHM) Short haul modem for communication using 4-wire cable:
For cable communication of up to 4Miles not possible using 9-wire serial cable. DIP switch
selectable. Easy to install and establish communication. Short-haul modems are line-powered,
i.e. powered from communicating device PC or Data Logger. Refer to sections 8.2 for a detailed
discussion on Modem setup and hardware required.
(Model: RFMX) Radio Modem 900 MHz/ 2.4GHz:
Stand-alone radio modems provide efficient and low-cost serial communication to remote
installations for long distances of up to 40 Miles @ 9600 baud rate. RFMX modems allow point-
to-point and point-to-multi-point configurations between central PC and multiple data loggers
connected to it. RFMX modems can be setup using PC400 or LoggerNet software. RFMX is
also offered in a modem kit (Model: RFMXMK) with surge protector, high-gain antenna,
connectors assembled in a weatherproof enclosure, and optional solar panels for continuous
powering the modem. Refer to sections 8.1 and 8.3 for a detailed discussion on Modem setup
and hardware required. For frequency (product) selection suitable to your project contact a
Dynamax representative.
(Model: GSM) Dual-band GSM Cellular modem (900/1800, 850/1900):
GSM cellular modem for serial data rates of up to 115,200 bps, using a cellular network where
available. GSM modem is very low power modem with 5 Ahr battery capacity of 33Hours of
communication and 20Days on idle. GSM modem installed in remote site can be connected to
PC using a 56K landline modem (Model: DNX9600) and telephone network. GSM-CMK is a
cellular modem kit that includes modem, surge protector, antenna and 15' long antenna cable
assembled in a weatherproof enclosure, optional solar panels for continuous powering the
modem. Software setup for GSM modem is same as that of Data Modem. For frequency
(product) selection suitable to your project contact a Dynamax representative.

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2.0 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION
Dynamet 5 is a completely integrated weather station capable of reading a variety of scientific
grade weather sensors. Sensor readings are then stored in data loggers memory of 1MB
memory. In addition removable storage modules are available for expanding the available data
memory. Data from the logger is available for down load using data logger support software.
Down loaded data from the logger contains measurements from individual sensors at the
interval defined in the program and calculated ETP in mm/hour using Lascano-Van Bavel
Evapotranspiration (ETP) algorithm on an hourly basis and accumulated daily ETP mm/day.
Dynamet 5 weather station is based on CR1000 data logger. Hence can be operated using any
of the following data logger support software,
PC400
LoggerNet
For Procedure to connect, program download data refer to chapter 5. In this manual we
describe working with Dynamet 5 weather station using PC400. As described above full
capabilities of Dynamet 5 weather station is obtained by using two sets of software programs,
1. Data logger support software - PC400 (Logger Net software for advanced
applications
2. Data logger program Dynamet 5.cr1 to load in to CR1000 data logger for reading
variety of weather sensors, compute weather data from electrical measurements
and store to logger memory.
3. In addition custom weather station configurations may require a modified version
of Dynamet 5.cr1 program.

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2.1 PC400 Installation
PC400 Logger utilities software is provided in a CD-ROM. Insert the CD into the CD-ROM. It
should automatically present the installation panels. If it does not then open windows explorer
(My Computer) to view the following list of files on the install CD.
Enter the PC400 Directory, click on it.
Then find the installation autorun icon.
Double click on autorun.exe to launch the installation. The installation wizard will guide you
through the process. Any of these directories can be used for installation.
C:\CampbellSci\Program Files\PC400 (Default install directory) or
D:\CampbellSci\Program Files\ PC400 or
E:\CampbellSci\Program Files\ PC400 or
C:\CampbellSci\ PC400 or
D:\CampbellSci\ PC400 or
E:\CampbellSci\ PC400
Refer to next page for working directory installation.

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2.1.1 Working Directory Location
PC400 install wizard prompts for working directory location. By default working directory is
C:\CampbellSci\PC400\
This can be changed by specifying a different path location on the hard-drive. Location of
working directory will not affect the operation of PC400 or Flow32w software. This directory
stores temporary files. Following is a typical list of working directory when working directory and
PC400 executables are stored in different locations.

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2.2 Lascano-VanBavel ET program for Dynamet 5
Each Dynamet 5 station is supplied with a standard Dynamet 5 program Dynamet 5.cr1 and a
test program Dynamet 5Tst.cr1. These programs are supplied in a CD along with the system.
Dynamet 5.cr1 program is loaded into the logger before it is shipped out. Copy Dynamet 5.Cr1
and Dynamet 5Tst.Cr1 programs to the PC and save them to a preferred location on the PC.
These are READ ONLY files. Any changes to these files are not allowed; you can make
changes in the CRBasic editor and save the modified program with a new file name.
In addition if the Dynamet 5 system shipped is a custom one, with additional soil moisture
sensors etc., these are shipped with custom programs Dynamet 5Cust1.Cr1 and Dynamet
5Cust1Tst.Cr1 or similar names in a CD disk.
Create a directory for your weather station control program, and data retrieval location called:
C:\\Dynamax\Dynamet 5\
Copy the contents of CD ROM Dynamet 5-V 1.X.X shown above to:
C:\\Dynamax\Dynamet 5\
If you wish to have an on-line manual, copy the .pdf file in the CD root directory to your directory
above as well.

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3.0 DYNAMET 5 AND SENSOR INSTALLATION
Dynamet 5 weather station is completely integrated system with data collection/ processing and
storage unit along with basic meteorological sensors. Dynamet 5.cr1 program supplied with the
system can read all the basic weather sensors (solar radiation, air temp., RH, Wind speed, wind
direction, rain gauge, soil temp., soil moisture), process data according to the applied algorithms
and constants, compute ETP and store in data loggers memory for retrieval at a later time. At
the time of order can be added to the Dynamet 5 weather station and these custom stations will
be assembled and programmed with a custom program before the units are shipped from our
factory. So, all the assembly and programming of the weather station is performed at our
factory. This leaves end-user with only installation of the weather station at the required site.
Dynamet 5 weather station installation on Tripod (Model#: CM6 or CM10) is explained in detail
in “Tripod Weather station Installation manual” supplied with Dynamet 5. This chapter
discusses basics of tripod installation, system mounting and sensor wiring and solar panel
installation. Selecting an appropriate site for installation of weather station is critical to obtain
accurate meteorological data. The site should be away from urban and natural obstructions
such as buildings and trees, sprinkler irrigation. This chapter explains steps involved in:
Tripod/ tower installation
Dynamet 5 weather station installation
Solar panel installation
Sensor installation on the tripod

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3.1 List of Tools required
Shovel
Rake
12” pipe wrench
Teflon tape or pipe dope
Small sledge hammer
12’ tape measure
Felt-tipped marking pen
Open-end wrenches: 3/8”, 7/16”, ½”, 9/16”
Socket wrench and 7/16” deep well socket
Level (12” – 24”)
5/64” Allen wrench
Straight-bit screwdrivers (small, medium, and large)
Magnetic compass
Calculator
Volt/ Ohm meter
Wire ties and tabs
Conduit and associated tools as required
6’ ladder
Data logger prompt sheet / manuals
Station log/ pen
Lock and key for enclosure

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Dynamet 5 Logger Assembly –wiring, internal battery, and solar charge
regulator.

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3.2 Dynamet 5 and Tripod Installation
Operation, Overview and Quick start guide
1. Site selection and preparation.
2. Unpacking system
3. Mounting Tripod CM6 or CM 10 explained in Tripod manual.
4. Mount Dynamet 5 enclosure, connect sensor cables, connect Power, and
Connect Grounding.
5. Install sensors on the tripod
6. Connect personal computer
7. Install data logger support software (PC400) (optional provided in CD) on PC
8. Copy Dynamet 5 program files (supplied in a CD) to PC
9. Using data logger support software connect to the Dynamet 5 weather station.
Set the logger internal clock with the PC time/date Click on the Set Datalogger Clk
10.Download Dynamet 5Tst.cr1 to logger Dynamet 5 weather station starts working and
collect data at the specified intervals. Monitor, sensor output and calculated ET data.
11.If the sensors data and ETP output are with in the acceptable ranges, means that the
sensors and system are installed properly.
12.Now modify the Dynamet 5.cr1 program, for site-specific parameters, save with a
different name. Compile the new program and send to logger. Now the data logger
collects sensor data every minute, compute ET every hour and store hourly and daily
data to the logger.
13.After few days down load data stored in the logger memory.
PC400 -> Connect -> Collect all button
Retrieve data, then its saved data into *.DAT files on disk directory.
14.The retrieved data contains two different files. One containing hourly output of sensor
data and computed ETP. The second file containing daily output of accumulated ET,
average/ maximum/ minimum values of the sensor output.