Elster enCore FC1 User manual
FC1-BA4.2-EN b 2014-12-12
i 2014-12-12
From AFB version: 03-00
Flow Computer
enCore
FC1
Manual
Volume 4.2
: Gas Quality AFB
enCore FC1
Gas Quality AFB
Page 3 of 75
Contents
1The enCore/enSuite Concept 5
2About these Instructions 6
2.1 The enCore FC1 Manual at a Glance 7
2.2 Text Labelling 8
2.2.1 Presentation of Instructions 8
2.2.2 Paragraph Formats 9
2.2.3 Character Formats 10
2.2.4 Character Formats in Flow Charts 11
3Functional Description 12
3.1 Defining Measurement Monitoring and Substitution Strategy
(Preprocessing) 15
3.1.1 Substitution Values and Substitution Strategies 16
3.1.2 Monitoring Warning and Alarm Limits (Optional) 22
3.1.3 Results of Preprocessing Operations 24
3.2 Parameterize Input Values and their Base Conditions (Source) 25
3.2.1 Pressure p, Temperature tand Gas Composition 28
3.2.2 Density ρb, Relative Density rd and Heating Values at Base
Conditions (Source) 31
3.3 Calculating Gas Characteristics (End base conditions) 35
3.4 Calculating the Velocity of Sound According to AGA10 (Optional) 39
3.5 Functioning at a Glance 40
3.5.1 Flowchart 40
3.6 Warnings and Alarms 42
3.6.1 List of Warnings and Alarms of Preprocessing Operations 42
3.6.2 List of Error Messages of the Gas Quality AFB 43
4Display and Operation 46
4.1 Displays at a Glance 47
4.2 Displays in Detail 47
Contents
Page 4 of 75
Gas Quality AFB
enCore FC1
5FAQs 53
5.1 The Alarm Behavior of Preprocessings – an Example 53
5.2 Treatment of the Input Value for Neopentane (neo-C5H12) 57
5.3 Split up the Input Value for Hexane (C6H14) in Percentage for all the
Higher Hydrocarbons 58
5.4 For a Better Understanding: Base Conditions for Calculating Heating
Value and Density at Base Conditions 59
5.5 Display Error Messages 61
5.6 Accepting Warning and Alarm Messages 62
5.7 Calling up the Main Display 2 for the Second End Base Conditions 63
6Appendix 65
6.1 Nomenclature 65
6.2 International Calculation Methods 69
6.2.1 Overview 69
6.2.2 Required Input Values and their Parameterization 71
6.3 Three-digit Error Code 72
7Index 74
Page 5 of 75
Gas Quality AFB
enCoreFC1
1 The enCore/enSuite Concept
enCore is the name of an Elster product platform for advanced
measurement devices. All enCore devices are based on the same hardware
components and software concepts. Both the hardware and software of
enCore devices have a modular design; the configuration of the process
board equipment is variable, just like the arrangement of software
components. On one hand, the software components consist of basic
functionalities, which are provided by the Basic System with its System
Function Blocks (abbreviated as: SFBs), and on the other hand of
application-related functionalities, which come with different Application
Function Blocks (abbreviated as: AFB). Owing to this modular design
principle, each device can be optimally adapted to individual requirements.
enSuite is the name of the PC software supporting all enCore devices along
with a number of other Elster devices. The enSuite software provides tools
for configuration, parameterization, diagnosis, software downloads and other
services.
Parameterization in enSuite
Please note that the changes that you make in parameterization
of enSuite are enabled in the device only when you activate the
action Transfer parameterization to device and the device FC1
restarts automatically.
See volume 3a of FC1 manual for the configuration of device
software.
Page 6 of 75
Gas Quality AFB
enCoreFC1
2 About these Instructions
Part 4 of the enCore FC1 manual has a modular design and consists of
individual volumes that document an Application Function Block . The
advantage of this feature is that you can specifically compile documents of
those AFBs used in your application.
The present volume 4.2 describes the basic functionalities and operation of
the Gas Quality AFB. Parameterization is explained in this document
only by way of example as the meaning of individual parameters is
documented in detail in the online help of enSuite.
Calling up the online help
In enSuite, you can call up the general help in the Assistent
window by clicking Show online help.
Open the context-sensitive help directly from the desired branch
in parameterization with [F1].
This part of documentation is intended for specialist personnel who are
responsible for the service activities of the following tasks after the
successful assembly of FC1 and installation of the current enSuite version
on PC:
•adaptation of device parameterization to the measuring task
•test of all data points and commissioning
•other service activities
The illustrations in this manual serve to depict the facts that are being
explained, and therefore may differ from the actual design depending on the
configuration of FC1 and enSuite.
Saving documentation on service-PC
This volume of the FC1 manual is provided in electronic format.
We recommend that you save the document on the PC intended
to be used for service activities so that it can be accessed at any
time.
About these Instructions 2
enCoreFC1
Gas Quality AFB
Page 7 of 75
You can download all parts of the FC1 manual in PDF format from
our Docuthek (www.docuthek.com). The documents are
regularly updated.
2.1 The enCore FC1 Manual at a Glance
The FC1 manual is made up of four parts in all:
•Part 1: Brief Instruction
The first part describes the legally relevant properties of the FC1
flow computer in brief. It comprises the general device description,
technical data, display and operation of the device as well as a brief
description of basic functions and the essential AFBs. The appendix
contains the approval certificate and other legally relevant docu-
ments (if applicable).
•Part 2: Operating Instructions
The second part describes the assembly, installation, commis-
sioning and maintenance of the FC1.
•Part 3: Configuration of device software and description of Basic
System
The third part has a modular design:
−Volume 3a documents the configuration of device software.
−Volume 3b describes the Basic System which consists of the
System Function Blocks.
•Part 4: Functionality of Application Function Blocks
The fourth part also has a modular design and comprises the
documentation of available AFBs; they are published as individual
volumes.
2About these Instructions
Page 8 of 75
Gas Quality AFB
enCoreFC1
Part 1 and part 2 are product components
The Brief Instruction and Operating Instructions are product
components. Therefore, these must always be kept in immediate
the vicinity of the FC1 and easily accessible to the installation,
operational, maintenance and cleaning personnel.
Part 1 and part 2 are delivered in printed form with the device.
Safety information
All safety information is contained in the second part of the FC1
documentation (Operating Instructions); the present volume of
documentation does not contain any safety information.
Make sure you carefully read through the second part of the
manual (Operating Instructions) prior to commencing any work on
or with the FC1, in particular prior to commissioning.
The manufacturer assumes no liability for damages and mal-
functions that result from non-compliance with these instructions.
2.2 Text Labelling
Texts containing different contents are labelled differently. With the help of
following characteristics, you can identify which content of the text is pro-
vided to you:
2.2.1 Presentation of Instructions
Safety Instructions
Safety instructions include notes and information which can lead to functions
not working correctly or not working at all. if disregarded
Safety instructions are described below:
About these Instructions 2
enCoreFC1
Gas Quality AFB
Page 9 of 75
Safety instruction (optional)
Safety instruction text
Tips and Recommendations
Tips include notes and information that make it easier for the user to operate
the FC1.
Tips are described below:
Heading (optional)
Tip text
2.2.2 Paragraph Formats
►This triangle prompts you for an action.
This character will show you the immediate result of your action.
For the FC1 symbol, the result of your operation is shown in running
operation of the device after you have transferred an enSuite para-
meterization to the device and the FC1 is restarted with this parameteri-
zation.
Example:
Multi-row examples are marked by two continuous blue lines and the
keyword “Example”.
2About these Instructions
Page 10 of 75
Gas Quality AFB
enCoreFC1
2.2.3 Character Formats
Example: Use
Flow Conversion AFB Names of the individual SFB and AFB
software elements of the FC1.
see chapter 3 Functional
Description (p. 12)
References to additional information are
marked with an arrow. If the arrow refers to
information within document, these
references are formatted as hyperlinks in
blue font. You directly go to corresponding
text passage by clicking the blue text.
Tab Parameters Marking of graphic screen elements or
messages which you find again on the
screen. These include, for example, menu
items, marking of tabs and parameters.
[OK]
[F1]
Marking of buttons and keys are additionally
framed with square brackets.
<Flow Conversion AFB> Place holders are specified in angle-
brackets and represent the corresponding,
current value of your system – as in the ex-
ample the name of the Flow Conversion
AFB.
[Group 1.]Flow
Conversion 1
Optional information is specified in square
brackets. In the example, Group 1 is shown
only when this group has been created in
your device.
admin1 Texts which you enter in enSuite in the
corresponding field.
www.docuthek.com links (Hyperlink)
About these Instructions 2
enCoreFC1
Gas Quality AFB
Page 11 of 75
Example: Use
Hold function You can navigate through different displays
of FC1 via hyperlinks.
In the example, you change to the Hold
function display.
Hold Actions are also marked in the FC1 display
as hyperlinks. You carry out a specific func-
tionality when you activate an action. In the
example, the present values are frozen.
readme.txt All the alphabetical strings which depict
sheer ASCII character strings such as
identifier for physical quantities, directory or
file names.
Table 2-1: Character formats
2.2.4 Character Formats in Flow Charts
The individual elements are highlighted in the flow charts as shown in the
following. That way, they can be distinguished properly even on a black-and-
white printout:
Example: Use
[V input] enSuite parameters are presented with
square brackets and font color [green].
generated counters
Export values, e.g. generated Flow
Conversion AFB counters, have a non-
proportional font and blue font color.
“Event messages” Event messages which are activated or
reset by an AFB are marked in quotation
marks and orange font.
Table 2-2: Character formats in flow charts
Page 12 of 75
Gas Quality AFB
enCoreFC1
3 Functional Description
The Gas Quality AFB is an Application Function Block for enCore
devices. It calculates the characteristics for flow conversion according to
international calculation standards based on a fix parameterized or a
measured gas quality. The heating values and density can for instance be
calculated according to ISO 6976 and the conversion factor Caccording to
the procedures based on AGA8-92 DC (ISO 12213-2), SGERG-88
(ISO 12213-3) or AGA-NX19.
The Gas Quality AFB can be used for various applications and is thus
combined with other AFBs.
The most frequent application is the flow conversion: The flow conversion of
the FC1 is based on the close interaction of the three software elements –
Basic System, Gas Quality AFB and Flow Conversion AFB.
The volume at base conditions Vbis calculated with the help of the gas
equation for compressibility:
Vb= Vm× p
pb
× Tb
T× 1
K
Where:
Vm
Vb
p
pb
T
Tb
K
volume at measurement conditions
volume at base conditions
pressure at measurement conditions
pressure at base conditions
temperature at measurement conditions (in Kelvin)
temperature at base conditions (in Kelvin)
compressibility ratio (K factor)
The scope of function between the three components is distributed as
follows for the flow conversion of FC1:
•Basic System
Comprises the connections, parameterization and management of
used measurement devices such as gas meters, pressure and
temperature transmitters and, if required, gas quality measurement
devices.
Functional Description 3
enCoreFC1
Gas Quality AFB
Page 13 of 75
The Basic System prepares the input data. It provides the
pressure p, the temperature tand (optionally) the essential gas
characteristics to the Gas Quality AFB, and the volume at
measurement conditions Vmand the flow rate Q to the Flow
Conversion AFB.
See chapter 3.1 Defining Measurement Monitoring and
Substitution Strategy (Preprocessing) (p. 15).
•Gas Quality AFB
The Gas Quality AFB can process a measured gas quality as
well as constant values, depending on whether or not you are using
a gas quality measurement device. The AFB also provides essen-
tial gas characteristics, such as density (ρm, ρb) and volume- and
mass-based heating values.
The Gas Quality AFB calculates the K factor Kfor the flow
conversion based on the behavior of the compressibility factors Zm
and Zb:
K = Zm
Zb
Where:
Z
m
Zb
compressibility factor at measurement conditions
compressibility factor at base conditions
It calculates the conversion factor C(C-factor) with the help of state
equation and makes it available for Flow Conversion AFB as
export value:
C = p
pb
× Tb
T× 1
K
Where:
C
conversion factor (C-factor)
See chapter 3 Functional Description (p. 12).
3Functional Description
Page 14 of 75
Gas Quality AFB
enCoreFC1
•Flow Conversion AFB
The Flow Conversion AFB calculates the flown volumes at
base conditions Vb, the energy Eand the mass Mbased on the
input values from the Basic System and the Gas Quality AFB.
The standard calculation method used is as follows:
Vb= Vm× C
E = Vb× HVol
M = Vb× ρb
Where:
H
Vol
ρb
volume-based heating value
density at base conditions
The Gas Quality AFB provides the values C, HVol and ρb.
Flow Conversion AFB see part 4.1 of FC1 manual.
In order to be able to carry out a flow conversion the FC1 requires at least
one Flow Conversion AFB and one Gas Quality AFB, besides the
Basic System. This configuration depicts a single-stream operation with one
flow direction.
The modularity of FC1 facilitates the realization of various extended oper-
ational and technical-measurement requirements. The number of measure-
ment streams and their flow directions which the FC1 can process is variable
and is determined by the number of board slots as well as the configuration
of hardware and software (see part 1 of FC1 manual).
Example
For a single-stream operation with two flow directions, you combine, 2 Flow
Conversion AFBswith only 1 Gas Quality AFB and one Basic
System.
The Gas Quality AFB is divided in the following functional areas:
Functional Description 3
enCoreFC1
Gas Quality AFB
Page 15 of 75
3.1 Defining Measurement Monitoring and Substitution Strategy
(Preprocessing) (p. 15)
0
Parameterize Input Values and their Base Conditions (Source)
(p. 15)
3.3 Calculating Gas Characteristics (End base conditions) (p. 35)
3.4 Calculating the Velocity of Sound According to AGA10
(Optional) (p. 39)
A workflow depicting the interaction of the individual functional areas is avail-
able in chapter 3.5.1 Flowchart (p. 40).
3.1 Defining Measurement Monitoring and Substitution
Strategy (Preprocessing)
Preprocessing operations allow to react to erroneous measurement inputs
with a flexible alarm and substitution strategy, and to replace erroneous
values with valid measurements. Additionally you can parameterize limit
monitoring.
Monitor every measurand using a preprocessing
We recommend to monitor each measured input value with a
preprocessing operation, so that the best possible values are
used for the calculations of the Gas Quality AFB in case of an
error.
This basically means:
•Avoid using measurements directly as import values for the
calculations of the Gas Quality AFB.
•Instead, manage each of the measured input values of pressure p
and temperature tin a single preprocessing operation, and the gas
composition in a preprocessing group (see chapter 3.1.1
Substitution Values and Substitution Strategies, p. 16).
3Functional Description
Page 16 of 75
Gas Quality AFB
enCoreFC1
•Import the validated results obtained by the preprocessing
operations as the basis for the calculations of the Gas Quality
AFB.
The preprocessing operations consist of the following functional areas:
3.1.1 Substitution Values and Substitution Strategies (p. 16)
3.1.2 Monitoring Warning and Alarm Limits (Optional)(p. 22)
3.1.3 Results of Preprocessing (p. 24)
3.1.1 Substitution Values and Substitution Strategies
A substitution strategy offers up to six levels for measured input values. The
levels are prioritized, thus the value of Level 1 having the highest and each
of the other levels having a lower priority. Moreover, a fixed keypad value
has the lowest priority.
A simple substitution strategy is a two-stage operation and consists of one
measured input value (Level 1) and one Keypad value, wherein the keypad
value substitutes the measurement if the measured value is erroneous. In
case of a multi-level substitution strategy, you can assign up to six redun-
dant measured input values (Level 1 up to Level 6) and one Keypad value.
An erroneous value is replaced in stages with the next error-free value
during the operation. This (error-free) value is used until an error-free value
having a higher priority level is provided again.
If all the measured input values of the defined Level 1 up to Level 6 are
erroneous, then the parameter Substitute value mode indicates whether
the last valid (and intermediately stored by FC1) measured input value is
provided as result – when available – or the parameterized Keypad value.
Preprocessing operations always check all parameterized levels 1 to 6
whether the individual values are error-free or erroneous.
Generally speaking, a level of a single preprocessing operation is con-
sidered erroneous in the below stated cases:
•The particular measured input value is internally marked erroneous,
e.g. because the transmitter or the input board is defective.
See chapter 6.3. Three-digit Error Code (p. 72).
Functional Description 3
enCoreFC1
Gas Quality AFB
Page 17 of 75
•The input value violates an alarm limit that has been paramterized
for this preprocessing operation.
See 3.1.2 Monitoring Warning and Alarm Limits (Optional)
(p. 22).
A level of the preprocessing group (see below) is considered erroneous if at
least one value of a particular preprocessing operation is marked errorneous
at this level.
The Gas Quality AFB manages preprocessing operations for two
different types:
•as single preprocessing operation (folder Preprocessings)
This helps you monitor measured input values that are measured
by individual transmitters. 1 to 6 transmitters, which redundantly
measure the same physical quantity, are allowed per measurand.
Use one preprocessing for pressure pand one for temperature t,
even if your measurement device measures only with one trans-
mitter.
•as preprocessing in the preprocessing group
(branch Preprocessing groups)
This helps you simultaneously monitor several measurements
which are provided simultaneously by one measurement device. Up
to six redundant measurement devices can be used.
As soon as an erroneous measurement is identified in a level, then
not just the affected value but the whole group is shifted to the next
level. This way it is ensured that the resulting values for further
processing are always belonging together as they are coming from
the same measurement device.
Use the preprocessing group if you are using one or more gas
quality measurement devices (e.g. process gas chromatographs).
3Functional Description
Page 18 of 75
Gas Quality AFB
enCoreFC1
Parameterize substitution strategies in enSuite
Parameterize substitution strategies in enSuite
enSuite offers two different view for parameterizing preprocessing
operations. Preferably, use the simple view if you only require one
level:
•simple views
Only the parameters for a two-stage substitution strategy are
available, i.e one measurement (Level 1) and the Keypad
value. Optionally you can even define limit monitoring.
This view is directly displayed where you assign an input
value to the Gas Quality AFB, e.g. in folder <Gas Quality
AFB>, section Measurement conditions, parameter
p input.
•detailed view
All the parameters used for defining a multi-level prepro-
cessing are available in the detailed view. Optionally you can
define limit monitoring.
You open this view in the folder Preprocessingsor Prepro-
cessing groups.
Both types of parameterization are documented in detail in the
online help. The following documentation decribes the detailed
view.
►To define a new preprocessing operation, first state whether it is an
single preprocessing or a preprocessing that belongs to a preprocessing
group. As a general rule:
•For pressure pand temperature trespectively add a single prepro-
cessing operation in the folder Preprocessings on tab Para-
meters.
•For a gas composition add a single preprocessing operation for
each component in the folder Preprocessing groups on tab Para-
meters.
Functional Description 3
enCoreFC1
Gas Quality AFB
Page 19 of 75
The alarm behavior determines when preprocessing operations generate
warning and alarm messages at erroneous levels. The preprocessing result
is marked as erroneous as soon as an alarm message is generated.
To parameterize the alarm behavior for …
►… a single preprocessing, open the desired preprocessing in the folder
Preprocessings f.i. section por t.
OR
►… the preprocessing group, open the section Preprocessing group
(the folder <Gas Quality AFB>). The alarm behavior is valid for the
entire group.
►Define the sensitivity in the parameter Alarm behavior by selecting one
of the following entries from the drop-down list:
•non-sensitive (default)
−Warning level <x>
A warning is generated for each erroneous level, if at least one,
but not all levels are erroneous.
−Alarm level <x>
An alarm is generated for each erroneous level as soon as all
the levels are erroneous.
•sensitive
−(Warning messages are not generated.)
−Alarm level <x>
An alarm is generated for every erroneous level.
•deactivated
−Warning level <x>
A warning is generated for every erroneous level.
−(Alarm messages are not generated.)
The result of the preprocessing operations is always considered as …
•… error-free
as long as only warning messages are generated.
3Functional Description
Page 20 of 75
Gas Quality AFB
enCoreFC1
The result is considered to be error-free even if the value comes
from an erroneous level.
•… erroneous
as long as an alarm message is generated.
The result is considered to be erroneous even if the value comes
from an error-free level.
An erroneous result of preprocessing operations is internally
marked erroneous, i.e. marked with an error code (see 6.3
Three-digit Error Code, p. 72).
To add a prepocessing…
►… click the plus sign on tab Parameters.
A new prepocessing <x> with the corresponding parameters is
created.
►Enter a descriptive identifier for preprocessing operations, such as tfor
temperature in the parameter Name.
►Select the measurand in the parameter Physical quantity, which you
want to manage with a preprocessing.
The following measurands are typically relevant for the calculations of a
Gas Quality AFB:
•Absolute pressure
preprocessing for pressure pat measurement conditions
•Temperature (default)
preprocessing for temperature tat measurement conditions
•Molar fraction
preprocessing for a gas component, such as methane (CH4)
Gas components should be managed in a preprocessing group
because they are generally measured as analysis of one measure-
ment device (e.g. a process gas chromatograph).
Presetting in case of simple preprocessing
If you define a simple preprocessing directly with one input value,
then the parameters Physical quantity and Physical unit are
correctly preset by enSuite. Gas components are thus automa-
tically assigned to the preprocessing group.
Other manuals for enCore FC1
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