Garmin GPS 165 User manual

Av. Kit Install. Manual
190-00066-02 Rev. J
Page 1
GPS 165
INSTALLATION MANUAL
GARMIN INTERNATIONAL, INC. PART NUMBER: 190-00066-02
1200 E. 151st STREET REVISION J, 27 MARCH 1998
OLATHE, KANSAS 66062-3426

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© Copyright 1994-1998
GARMIN Corporation
All Rights Reserved
This publication is the proprietary property of GARMIN International, Inc. It may not
be reproduced or transmitted in any form whether printed or electronic, without the
expressed written consent of GARMIN International.
GARMIN International, Inc.
1200 E. 151st Street
Olathe, KS 66062
U.S.A.
Initial Rev. A, 18 Mar 1994 Initial release
3160 Rev. B, 01 Jun 1994 Add Crimp/Extract Tools & Access. List, Misc.
3405 Rev. C, 12 Sept 1994 Add Electronics International fuel flow interface
selection, update output unit list, Fig. 1-3,
installation requirements and wiring diagram
4841 Rev. D, 09 Nov 1995 Add Mid-Continent as option
5219 Rev. E, 29 Jan 1996 Add MCI options, JST connector details, misc
5827 Rev. F, 28 June 1996 Chg to barrel type crimp connectors
7708 Rev. G, 10 Dec 1997 Add additional antenna install. instructions
8322 Rev. H, 28 Jan 1998 Update install. dwg.
8383 Rev. J, 27 Mar 1998 Add to/from voltage & mod status/misc chgs.
REVISION RECORD
ECO # Rev. Date of Rev. Description FAA Approval

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS
1.2.1 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
1.2.2 OPERATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS
1.2.3 INTERFACES
1.2.3.1 37 PIN CONNECTOR (J101)
1.2.3.2 26 PIN CONNECTOR (J102)
SECTION 2 INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS
2.1 ANTENNA CONSIDERATIONS
2.1.1 SATELLITE VISIBILITY
2.1.2 NOISE SOURCES
2.1.3 ELECTRICAL BONDING
2.1.4 VHF COMM INTERFERENCE
2.2 UNIT ACCESSIBILITY
2.3 CABLING AND WIRING
2.4 COOLING AIR
2.5 EXTERNAL ALTITUDE INPUT
2.6 MINIMUM INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS
SECTION 3 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE
3.1 INSTALLATION ACCESSORIES
3.2 ANTENNA INSTALLATION
3.3 CABLE INSTALLATION
3.4 GPS 165 INSTALLATION AND REMOVAL
SECTION 4 POST INSTALLATION CONFIGURATION AND CHECKOUT
PROCEDURE
4.1 TEST MODE OPERATIONS
4.2 INSTALLATION CONFIGURATION
4.2.1 SELECTED COURSE CALIBRATION
4.2.2 I/O CHANNEL 1
4.2.3 RS-422 CHANNEL
4.2.4 ARINC 429 CHANNEL
4.2.5 CONFIGURATION
4.2.6 I/O CHANNEL 2
4.3 GROUND TEST
4.3.1 CDI AND FLAG TEST
4.3.2 OBI TEST
4.3.3 COMMUNICATIONS LOOPBACK TEST
4.3.4 ANNUNCIATOR TEST

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4.3.5 EXTERNAL SWITCH TEST
4.3.6 ALTITUDE INPUT TEST
4.3.7 POWER TEST
4.3.8 SIGNAL ACQUISITION TEST
4.3.9 VHF COMM INTERFERENCE CHECK
SECTION 5 CERTIFICATION
SECTION 6 CONTINUED AIRWORTHINESS
APPENDIX A CERTIFICATION DOCUMENTS
APPENDIX B CONNECTOR CHANGES
APPENDIX C REFERENCE DISCRETE SWITCH/ANNUNCIATOR INSTALLATION
APPENDIX D STC PERMISSION

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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
FIGURE
1-1 PINOUT DEFINITION, 37 PIN DSUB
1-2 PINOUT DEFINITION, 26 PIN HD-DSUB
1-3 INTERCONNECT SCHEMATIC
2-1 ANTENNA INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS
2-2 GPS INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS
3-1 REMOTE BATTERY PACK ASSEMBLY
3-2 GA 56 ANTENNA INSTALLATION
3-3 FLANGE MOUNT GA 56 ANTENNA INSTALLATION
3-4 COAX CABLE INSTALLATION
3-5 GPS 165 FACE DIMENSIONS
3-6 AVIATION RACK INSTALLATION

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SECTION 1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
This manual describes the physical, mechanical, and electrical characteristics and
the installation requirements for the GPS 165 Aviation Kit.
After installation of the GPS 165 system, FAA Form 337 must be completed by an
appropriately certificated agency to return the aircraft to service.
1.2 TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS
The GPS 165 is a full-featured GPS navigator intended for fixed installation in a
Dzusrail mounted aviation rack.
For TSO Compliance, see Appendix A.
The conditions and tests required for TSO approval of this article are minimum
performance standards. It is the responsibility of those desiring to install this article
either on or within a specific type or class of aircraft to determine that the aircraft
installation conditions are within the TSO standards. The article may be installed only
if further evaluation by the applicant documents an acceptable installation and is
approved by the Administrator.
1.2.1 PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Width: 5.75 inches
Height: 2.25 inches
Depth: 5.00 inches
GPS 165 Weight: 2.0 lbs.
Low Profile Antenna Weight: 4 oz.
Max Air Speed: Subsonic
(Structural rating for antenna)
1.2.2 OPERATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS
Operating Temperature Range: -20 oC to +55 oC
Humidity: 95% non-condensing
Altitude Range: 0 to 50,000 ft.
Power Input: 10 to 33 VDC, 5 watts Max.
1.2.3 INTERFACES
The GPS 165 provides interfaces to various general aviation instruments. Figure 1-
1 defines the function of each pin on the 37 pin DSUB connector (J101) located at the
back of the unit. Figure 1-2 depicts the function of each pin in 26 pin HD-DSUB
connector (J102) located above the 37 pin connector at the back of the unit. Figure
1-3 depicts the interconnects between the unit and other instruments. Appendix

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C depicts the interconnect between the rack and other instruments using discrete
switch annunciators. The following interfaces are provided.
1.2.3.1 37 PIN CONNECTOR (J101)
CDI: Capable of driving up to three 1000 ohm parallel
(Pins 1 and 5) CDI loads.
To/From: Capable of driving up to three 200 ohm parallel to/
(Pins 2 and 6) from loads. Units without Mod Status 1: +82 millivolts
full scale deflection. Units with Mod Status 1: +190
millivolts full scale deflection.
Nav Flag: Capable of driving up to three 1000 ohm parallel flag
(Pins 3 and 4) loads.
OBI data: Output providing bearing to waypoint data for a
(Pins 7, 8, and 23) Bendix/King RMI (KI 229 or equivalent).
Message annunciators: Output capable of driving negative logic message
(Pin 20) annunciators by sinking up to 500mA. Indicates an
unread message is available for viewing.
RS232 chan 1 output data: Output capable of driving devices as listed in Section
(Pin 24) 4. Conforms to the EIA specification EIA-232C.
RS232 chan 2 output data: Output capable of driving devices as listed in Section
(Pin 19) 4. Conforms to the EIA specification EIA-232C.
RS232 chan 1 input data: Input capable of receiving data from devices as listed
(Pin 17) in Section 4. Conforms to the EIA specification EIA-
232C.
GPS arrival alarm: Output capable of driving negative logic annunciator
(Pin 12) by sinking up to 500mA. Indicates arrival at a
prescribed GPS waypoint
GPS approach annunciator: Output capable of driving negative logic annunciator
(Pin 13) by sinking up to 500mA. See GPS 165 Pilot's Guide,
(GPN 190-00065-00), for more information.
ARINC 429 Output A & B: Output capable of driving ARINC 429 devices as listed
(Pins 15 and 16) in Section 4.
NAV Super Flag Output: Output capable of driving positive logic NAV Super
(Pin 10) Flag by sourcing up to 500mA for flag out of view
(NAV valid).

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RS422 input: Input capable of receiving serial OBS data from
(Pins 11 and 27) Collins Pro Line 2 EFIS DSP unit.
GPS approach select switch: Input, when grounded, arms approach mode.
(Pin 9)
GPS OBS: Capable of interfacing with a standard OBS
(Pins 14, 35, and 37) resolver.
ARINC 429 Input A & B: Input capable of receiving data from ARINC 429
(Pins 32 and 33) devices as listed in Section 4.
1.2.3.2 26 PIN CONNECTOR (J102)
Altimeter input: Capable of receiving encoded output data from any
(Pins 14-24) parallel altimeter device. (Gillham/Greycode).
GPS Sequence Switch: Input, when grounded, activates HOLD mode. See
(Pin 13) the GPS 165 Pilot's Guide, (GPN 190-00065-00), for
more information.
SECTION 2 INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS
Careful planning and consideration of the suggestions in this section are required
to achieve the desired performance and reliability from the GPS 165.
2.1 ANTENNA CONSIDERATIONS
2.1.1 SATELLITE VISIBILITY
The GARMIN GA 56 Low Profile GPS Antenna must be mounted on top of the aircraft.
For best performance select a location with an unobstructed view of the sky above the
aircraft when in level flight. Figure 2-1 illustrates a typical antenna installation.
For rotorcraft, locate the GA 56 antenna:
1) As far from the main rotor hub as possible. This reduces the percentage of time
the blade blocks the antenna.
2) As far below the blade surface as possible if installing the antenna under the blade.
This reduces signal distortion caused by the blades.
2.1.2 NOISE SOURCES
The antenna should be located at least 3 ft from transmitting antennas such as VHF
Comm, HF transmitter, DME, Transponder, and Radar. Cabling for the GPS 165
should not be routed near components or cabling which are sources of electrical noise.

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2.1.3 ELECTRICAL BONDING
No special precautions need to be taken to provide a bonding path between the
antenna and the aircraft structure.
2.1.4 VHF COMM INTERFERENCE
On many panel-mounted aircraft the VHF COMM radiates strong harmonics from the
unit and the antenna. If the antenna is found to be the problem a 1.57542 GHZ notch
filter (GPN 330-00067-00) may be installed in the VHF COMM coax as close to the
COMM as possible. If the box is found to be radiating the following can be done:
1) Place the antenna as far from the VHF COMM unit and antenna as possible.
2) Replace or clean VHF Comm rack connector to assure good coax ground.
3) Place a grounding brace between the GPS 165, VHF COMM and ground.
4) Shield the VHF COMM wiring harness.
2.2 UNIT ACCESSIBILITY
Plan a location which gives the pilot complete and comfortable access to the entire
keypad and which is plainly visible from the pilots perspective. Check that there is
adequate depth for the unit and connectors in the instrument panel. A location away
from heating vents or other sources of heat generation is optimal. In order to minimize
accumulation of dirt and residues on the face of the unit, it is best to mount the unit
with its face vertically positioned. Figure 2-2 illustrates a typical aviation rack
installation.
2.3 CABLING AND WIRING
The recommended antenna cable type is M17/155-0001 (RG-58A/U) per MIL-C-17.
Maximum allowable length for this cable type is 40 feet. Other cable types with 50
ohms nominal impedance and longer lengths can be used, provided the installer
insures that the attenuation does not exceed 10dB at 1.5 GHz for the specific
installation. Check that there is ample space for the cabling and mating connectors.
Avoid sharp bends in cabling and routing near aircraft control cables.
2.4 COOLING AIR
Cooling air is not required for the GPS 165, however as with any electronic equipment,
reduced operating temperature can contribute to increased reliability. Additionally,
location of the GPS 165 in a stack of other power dissipating equipment can produce
unacceptably high ambient air temperatures around the unit.

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2.5 EXTERNAL ALTITUDE INPUT
Pressure altitude input from an external source may be derived from a RS-232
compatible serial altitude input or Parallel Greycode/Gillham Altitude as described
in Section 4 of this manual. Gillham Altitude is not required when serial altitude is
used.
2.6 MINIMUM INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS
Below is a list of required devices for A1 and A2 certification. Figure 1-3 shows various
equipment that can be used. For a specific list of equipment used in the initial STC,
see GPN 190-00065-07. Deviations from this equipment should be approved by the
FAA or the governing organization.
Pressure Altitude Device
This device delivers pressure altitude data to the GPS 165. This data can come
from an encoder or serializer.
Manual Course Device
This device delivers the manual course selected to the GPS 165. Course
information can come from an analog resolver, or from an EFIS via the ARINC
429 bus or RS 422 bus.
HSI/CDI Device
This device displays Nav Flag, Left/Right and To/From. This can be displayed
on an EFIS or HSI.
External Annunciators and Switches
NAV/GPS Switch/Annunciator
GPS Sequence Switch/Annunciator
Approach Switch/Annunciator (not required for A2)
Message Annunciator
Arrival Annunciator
The installer is advised to ensure that the switches and annunciators are the
functional equivalent to and perform at least as well as the GARMIN devices
used in the initial STC. The GARMIN switches and annunciators are sunlight
readable and in the primary view of the pilot. See Appendix C for what GARMIN
used in the initial STC installation. For other information concerning
switches/annunciators see the Generic Airplane Flight Manual Supplement
(190-00066-04) as well as current FAA directives.
Qualified GPS Antenna
This antenna must be one of those listed in the accessories list.
Remote Battery Pack (010-10041-00)
This device provides power to the GPS 165 during momentary power interrup-
tions.