Garmin PERSONAL NAVIGATOR GPS 95 XL User manual

GPS 95 XL
PERSONALNAVIGATORTM
OWNER'S MANUAL
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GPS 95 XL
Personal NavigatorTM
OWNER'S MANUAL

© 1994 GARMIN, 9875 Widmer Road, Lenexa, KS 66215, USA
Printed in Taiwan.
All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying and recording, for any purpose without the
express written permission of GARMIN.
Information in this document is subject to change without notice.
GARMIN reserves the right to change or improve their products and to
make changes in the content without obligation to notify any person or
organization of such changes or improvements.
August, 1994 190-00080-00 Rev. A

i
PREFACE
GARMIN thanks you for selecting our high performance, full featured
Personal NavigatorTM. The GPS 95 represents our continued commitment
to provide you with a portable navigation unit that is versatile, extremely
accurate, and easy to use. We are confident you will enjoy using your unit
for many years to come.
TheGPS95'sruggedconstructionandqualitycomponentsofferthereliability
demanded by the harshest operating environments. It may be used in
aircraft,marinevesselsandlandvehicles,aswellasbyhunters,hikers,and
militaryforces. Theunitmaybeoperatedportablyusingitsownbatterypack,
or it may use a 5-40 volt DC external power source for fixed mounted
applications. You can even use a 115- or 230-volt AC adaptor for planning
trips at home.
This manual and accompanying quick reference guide provide complete
informationonsafelyoperatingtheGPS95toitsfullpotential. Sampletrips
have been planned for you to practice your navigation skills using the built-
insimulator. Afterwards,tryatripofyourowntorealizethevalueoftheGPS
95 as your Personal NavigatorTM. If you have any questions or comments,
ourProductSupportDepartmentiseagertoserveyouat1-800-800-1020or
913-599-1515. GARMINisfullycommittedtoyoursatisfactionasacustomer.
GARMIN / Europe Ltd.
Robert House, Station Approach
Romsey, Hampshire SO51 8DU UK
GARMIN International
9875 Widmer Road
Lenexa, KS 66215 USA

ii
CAUTION
TheGPSsystemis operated by thegovernmentofthe United States which
issolelyresponsibleforitsaccuracyandmaintenance. Thesystemisunder
developmentandissubjecttochangeswhichcouldaffecttheaccuracyand
performance of all GPS equipment. Although the GPS 95 is a precision
electronic NAVigation AID (NAVAID), any NAVAID can be misused or
misinterpreted,andthereforebecomeunsafe. UsetheGPS95atyourown
risk. To reduce the risk, carefully review and understand all aspects of this
Owner'sManualandthoroughlypracticeoperationusingthesimulatormode
prior to actual use. When in actual use, carefully compare indications from
theGPS95toallavailablenavigationsourcesincludingtheinformationfrom
otherNAVAIDs,visualsightings,charts,etc. Forsafety,alwaysresolveany
discrepancies before continuing navigation.
NOTE
This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class
Bdigitaldevice, pursuant toPart15of the FCCRules. Operationis subject
to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful
interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired operation.
This device generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if
not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause
harmfulinterferencetoradiocommunications. However,thereisnoguarantee
thatinterference will notoccur inaparticular installation. Ifthisdevice does
cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be
determined by turning the device off and on, you are encouraged to try to
correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
· Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
· Increase the separation between this device and the receiver.
· Connectthisdevicetoanoutletonadifferentcircuitthanthattowhich
the receiver is connected.
· Consult the dealer or an experience radio/TV technician for help.
This device contains no user-serviceable parts. Repairs should only be
performedby anauthorized GARMINservicecenter. Unauthorizedrepairs
ormodificationstothisdevicecouldvoidyourwarrantyandyourauthorityto
operate this device under Part 15 regulations.

iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE
1 INTRODUCING THE GARMIN GPS 95 1-1
1.1 Capabilities 1-1
1.2 Aviation Database 1-2
1.3 Basic Package 1-3
1.4 Optional Accessories 1-5
1.5 OperationalMode 1-6
2 GETTING STARTED 2-1
2.1 Front Panel 2-1
2.2 Softkey Operation 2-1
2.3 Cursor and Fields 2-2
2.4 Keypad Operation 2-2
2.5 Entering Data 2-4
2.6 Viewing Messages 2-5
2.7 Turning the GPS 95 On 2-5
2.8 Turning the GPS 95 Off 2-7
2.9 Learning to Use the GPS 95 2-8
3 WAYPOINTS AND AIRSPACES 3-1
3.1 Waypoint Categories 3-2
3.2 AirportInformation 3-3
3.3 VOR Information 3-6
3.4 NDB Information 3-7
3.5 IntersectionInformation 3-8
3.6 User Waypoint Information 3-9
3.7 Creating User Waypoints 3-10
3.8 Waypoint List 3-12
3.9 Using Waypoints 3-13
3.10 Using Waypoints by Scanning 3-14
3.11 Reviewing Waypoints 3-16
3.12 Nearest Waypoints 3-17
3.13 SUA Page and Messages 3-18

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4 GETTING THERE FAST - GOTO 4-1
5 NAVIGATION INFORMATION 5-1
5.1 Navigation Summary Page 5-1
5.2 Map Display 5-3
5.3 MapConfiguration 5-5
5.4 Present Position 5-6
5.5 Sample Trip 5-7
6 ROUTES 6-1
6.1 RouteDefinition 6-2
6.2 Creating and Copying Routes 6-3
6.3 Activating and Inverting Routes 6-4
6.4 Editing Routes 6-4
6.5 Deleting Routes 6-5
6.6 Active Route 6-5
6.7 Route List 6-6
7 AUTOSTORETM 7-1
7.1 Creating Waypoints with AutoStoreTM 7-1
7.2 Building Routes with AutoStoreTM 7-2
8 GPS STATUS AND MENU PAGES 8-1
8.1 Bar Graph Page 8-2
8.2 Satellite Status Page 8-3
8.3 Satellite Skyview Page 8-4
8.4 Menu Pages 8-4
8.5 Operating Mode/Nearest Airport Search 8-5
8.6 Units/Heading Setup 8-6
8.7 Map Datum Selection 8-7
8.8 Audio and Display Setup 8-8
8.9 Track Log Setup 8-9
8.10 SUA Alarms 8-11
8.11 Arrival Alarm / CDI Setup 8-12
8.12 Input/OutputSetup 8-14
8.13 Beacon Receiver Setup 8-16
8.14 Messages 8-17

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8.15 Density Altitude / True Airspeed / Winds Aloft 8-17
8.16 Trip and Fuel Planning 8-18
8.17 Date/Time Settings 8-20
8.18 Sunrise/Sunset Planning 8-21
8.19 Vertical Navigation Planning 8-22
9 SAMPLE TRIP USING ROUTES 9-1
10 SUA FEATURES EXPLAINED! 10-1
10.1 Flying Toward and Entering an SUA 10-1
10.2 Flying Near an SUA's Boundary 10-3
10.3 Sectorized Airspace - Near versus Ahead 10-4
10.4 Multiple SUAs 10-5
APPENDICES
A MESSAGES A-1
B GLOSSARY AND NAVIGATION TERMS B-1
B.1 Definitions B-1
B.2 Course To Steer (CTS) B-3
C INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE C-1
C.1 Specifications C-1
C.2 Electrical Wiring C-3
C.3 Yoke Mount Installation C-4
C.4 Yoke Mount Operation C-8
C.5 Surface Mounting C-10
C.6 Portable Antenna Installation C-12
C.7 Battery Pack Operation C-12
C.8 Maintenance C-13
C.9 Product Support C-14
D MAP DATUMS D-1
E UTC TIME TO LOCAL TIME OFFSET E-1
F INDEX F-1

1-1
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCING THE GARMIN GPS 95
1.1 CAPABILITIES
The GPS 95 provides a host of powerful capabilities which were previously
found only in much larger systems:
·Performance: MultiTracTM receiver tracks and uses up to eight
satellites with high sensitivity, fast first fix, and continuous navigation
updates.
·Portability: Goes anywhere - air, sea or land. Built-in simulator for
trip planning or practicing navigation skills anywhere.
·EaseofUse: Graphicscreensandintuitiveguidancefromthedisplay
offer ease of operation.
·Convenience: Extensivedatabase(AmericasorInternational),covers
airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections, special-use airspaces and
controlled airspaces. Update the database at home or in your office
using your PC.
·Navigation: Stores500 alphanumericuserwaypoints;20reversible
routes of 30 waypoints each. GOTO function sets instantaneous
coursetowaypointofyourchoice. AutoStoreTM functionbuildsroutes
asyougo. Aflashing message annunciator keeps youfullyinformed
of your navigation status.
·Personalized: Customizeyour unitbyselecting distanceandspeed
units,CourseDeviationIndicator(CDI)sensitivity,keypadanddisplay
features, map datums, and interface options.
·LowPowerConsumption: BatterySaveroperationdrawslessthan
1.5 watts; provides up to four hours of continuous operation with the
AA battery pack.
·TripPlanning:Analyzedistance,time,andfuelrequirementsforyour
trip. Compute time of sunrise/sunset at your destination. Calculate
density altitude before you take off and true airspeed as you fly.
Verticalnavigationguidesyoutoyourcruisingaltitudeandputsyouin
the traffic pattern before landing.

1-2
·Alarms:AnalarmclockandtimerallowtheGPS95towatchtheclock
for you. Arrival, CDI and special-use/controlled airspace alerts help
you safely navigate your aircraft.
·Interfaces: Interface with PC-based moving map programs using
NMEA 0183 output, with Differential GPS (DGPS) beacon receivers
usingRTCM(SC-104version2.0)input,orwithmarineautopilotsand
graphic plotters using NMEA 0180/0182/0183 outputs. An optional
PCkitisalsoavailabletodownloaduserwaypointsandroutestoyour
PC for permanent record.
We encourage you to read this manual and experiment using the built-in
simulator. ThiswillhelpyouquicklymasterthemanyfeaturesoftheGPS95.
1.2 AVIATION DATABASE
TheGPS95featuresaJeppesendatabaseprovidingdirectaccesstoeither
AmericasorInternationalnavigationinformation. WhentheGPS95isturned
on the display will show which database the unit contains. Information
contained in the database is as follows:
·Airports:Identifier,city/state,country,facilityname,latitude,longitude,
elevation, and fuel services.
·VORs: Identifier,city/state,country,facilityname,latitude,longitude,
frequency and co-located DME (or TACAN).
·NDBs: Identifier,city/state,country, facilityname,latitude, longitude
and frequency.
·Intersections: Identifier, country, latitude and longitude.
·Communication Frequencies: ATIS, ground, tower, multicom and
unicom. (Multicom and unicom frequencies are grouped together
under a “unicom” designation.)
·Runways: Runway designations, length, surface, lighting (including
frequencyforpilot-controlledlighting),andgraphicrunwayconfiguration.
·Special-use and Controlled Airspaces: Alert, caution, danger,
MOA,restricted,training,warningandprohibitedareas. ClassB/CTA
and Class C / TMA airspaces.
The Americas Database covers North, Central and South America. The