Hittite HMC-T2100 User manual

Synthesized Signal Generator, 10 MHz to 20 GHz HMC-T2100
125790 Rev00.0409
User Manual
Installation, Operation & Maintenance Guide
Analog & Mixed-Signal ICs, Modules, Subsystems & Instrumentation
20 Alpha Road Chelmsford, MA 01824
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WHAT WEDO
Hittite Microwave Corporation is an innovative designer and manufacturer of
analog and mixed-signal ICs, modules, subsystems and instrumentation for
RF, microwave and millimeterwave applications covering DC to 110 GHz. Our
RFIC/MMIC products are developed using state-of-the-art GaAs, GaN, InGaP/
GaAs, InP, SOI, SiGe, CMOS and BiCMOS semiconductor processes utilizing
MESFET, HEMT, pHEMT, mHEMT, HBT and PIN devices. Our broad portfolio
include 18 product lines:
We also design and supply highly integrated custom ICs, modules, subsystems and instrumentation that combine multiple functions
for specic requirements. We select the most appropriate semiconductor and package technologies, uniquely balancing digital and
analog integration techniques.
Our custom and standard products support a wide range of wireless / wired communications and radar applications for the following
markets:
Every component is backed by Hittite Microwave’s commitment to total quality. HMC is ISO 9001:2000, AS9100 B and ISO/TS
16949:2002 certied. Every Hittite employee and subcontractor is responsible for maintaining the highest level of quality. We
are constantly working towards improvement of our procedures and processes, thus providing our customers with products that
meet or exceed all requirements, are delivered on-time and function reliably throughout their useful life.
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Notice
Hittite Microwave Corporation has prepared this manual for use by Hittite personnel and customers as a
guide for the proper installation, operation, and maintenance of Hittite equipment and computer programs.
The drawings, specications, and information contained herein are the property of Hittite Microwave Corpora-
tion, and any unauthorized use or disclosure of these drawings, specications, and information is prohibited;
they shall not be reproduced, copied, or used in whole or in part as the basis for manufacture or sale of the
equipment or software programs without the prior written consent of Hittite Microwave Corporation.
Table Of Contents
Introduction 4
PackageContents 4
General Overview of Instrument Capabilities 5
Installation of Equipment and Safety 5
OperationandSetup 6
Maintenance 18
Programming 20
TechnicalSupport 21
Warranty 21
Appendix 21
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1. I n t r o d u c t i o n
This User’s Manual describes the HMC-T2100 10MHz to 20GHz Synthesized Signal Generator unit (SG). Most
of the pertinent information can be quickly located through the table of contents and highlighted sections.
The following conventions and indicators are used in this user’s guide:
This indicator calls attention to critical or important information, concerning an operation or
maintenance procedure or practice, which if not strictly followed and observed, could potentially
result in serious injury to operating personnel. An example is the proximity of high AC line
voltage.
This indicator draws attention to a situation relating to the equipment set-up, operating or
maintaining the equipment, which if not observed, could result in permanent damage to sensitive
microwave devices or other electronic components.
This indicator highlights a required equipment preparation, fundamental procedure, practice,
condition or statement. Other indicators in bold Blue capital lettering emphasize important points
of information, input or output connections and signal generator specication headings.
The following nomenclature is affixed to the signal generator front and back panels:
HITTITE MODEL NUMBER: HMC-T2100 four-digit alphanumeric, front panel.
This user’s guide should be thoroughly read in depth and reviewed again completely before
attempting to unpack, install or operate the SG unit.
2. Package Contents
The SG unit and packaging material weigh approximately 8 lbs. Before unpacking, check for any
physical damage to the shipping container. If any noticeable damage is observed, immediately
contact Hittite Microwave Corporation. Carefully open the shipping container and inspect the SG
unit for any visible signs of damage. Save the shipping container to repackage the SG unit, or
for submitting necessary damage claims to the transporter. Remove the documentation packet
and any other separately supplied components before attempting to remove the SG unit from the
shipping container. It is highly recommended as a preventative measure, to exercise antistatic
safeguards when handling the SG unit.
Verify that all of the following components are included with the shipment:
Item Quantity
HMC-T2100 Signal Generator 1
AC Wall Power Supply 1
AC Power Cord 1
CD ROM (Contains User manuals and software) 1
Calibration Certicate 1
HMC-T2100 Quick Start Guide 1
Table 1: Packing List
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3. General Overview of Instrument Capabilities
The HMC-T2100 is a single channel frequency synthesizer. The block diagram for this unit is shown in
gure 1. This unit provides one RF output channel with programmable output frequency and output power.
The output frequency range is programmable from 10 MHz to 20 GHz in 10 KHz increments. The synthesizer
provides an internal 10 MHz reference source which can be overridden by an external source. An AC wall
type power supply is provided to generate the required DC power for the unit. The detailed performance
specications for the synthesizer are listed in the datasheet on the Hittite website.
The user may control the frequency, power, and RF Standby functions from either the Front Panel or the
peripheral interfaces which include a USB, Ethernet[1], and GPIB interface [1]. The RF Standby function will
apply the maximum attenuation to the RF output.
REF
IN
REF
OUT
RF
OUT
FRONT PANEL
I/O
USB I/O
CONTROLLER
SYNTHESIZER
10 MHz - 20 GHz
SYNTHESIZER
CONTROLLER
POWER
CONTROL
50 MHz
TCXO
50 MHz
REF PLL
+12 VD
C
HMC-T2100
GPIB
ENET
USB
RS232
÷5
Figure 1: HMC-T2100 Block Diagram
4. Installation of Equipment and Safety
The guidelines shown below must be followed for proper installation of the SG equipment:
• The SG equipment was designed for LABORATORY USE ONLY and is not protected against
moisture.
• Utilize appropriate ESD handling procedures and precautionary measures when installing this
equipment.
• The SG unit is intended for placement on a laboratory workbench.
• During install make certain there are no obstructions that would impede air ow to the venting of
the unit on the sides of the enclosure, or the fans located on the rear panel.
• Ensure that all external components and RF/microwave coaxial cables are in proper condition.
• A grounded, three pin AC power receptacle should be used to connect power to the AC wall
power supply. It is recommended that the ON/OFF power switch on the front panel be used to
interrupt power to the unit. Interrupting power by pulling out the AC cord may result in injury or unit
damage.
[1] Ethernet & GPIB Interface are not operational until June 2009.
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• The detachable AC power cord, and the power switch on the front panel must be easily accessible
to facilitate removal of power from the unit.
• Verify the facility AC line voltage is within specications before applying power to the unit, or the
applied DC power source is within the specications of the unit. See paragraph. 5.2.6 to determine
the acceptable input AC voltage, and frequency range.
• The DC power connector has GND pins which connect to the chassis. Both of these must be
connected to GND for safe operation of the unit.
5. Operation and Setup
The SG unit control features and setup are detailed in this section.
5.1 Equipment Setup and Operation
Before the SG unit can be operated, external coaxial cables, equipment and instrumentation are
required to be set-up. The instruction steps listed below must rst be completed:
Use appropriate ESD precautions when connecting cabling, and external equipment to the HMC-T21001.
Signal Generator.
Verify that the front panel power switch is switched to the “OFF” (Button not depressed) position.2.
Connect DC power cable to rear panel (DIN style DC power connector).3.
Ensure that the ON/OFF switch on the AC power adapter is in the OFF position.4.
Connect the AC power cable to an appropriate 3 prong AC receptacle.5.
Place the ON/OFF switch on the AC power adapter in the ON position. The LED indicator located on6.
the adapter should be illuminated green in this condition.
Connect the RF output to the peripheral equipment using an SMA compatible connector.7.
If desired, connect the USB, GPIB, or Ethernet connectors to the Host PC or equivalent.8.
If desired, connect the appropriate BNC connectors to external equipment to provide an external 109.
MHz reference.
If desired, connect the 10 MHz reference input to external equipment.10.
Press the front panel power switch to the “ON” (labeled 1) position.11.
It is recommended that the user allows a minimum of 30 minutes warm-up time before using the12.
instrument.
Verify the unit is powered on by monitoring the front panel LCD display.13.
Using either the Front Panel Controls or the peripheral interfaces, control the operation of the SG.14.
5.2 Hardware Interfaces
The front panel of the unit contains a multi-function rotary knob, an RF Standby switch, power On/Off
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switch, LCD display, and the connector for the RF output. See gure 2 for a view of the front panel. The
rear panel of the unit contains the connectors for the External Reference Input, Reference Output, DC
power, GPIB, Ethernet, and USB interface. See gure 3 for a view of the rear panel.
Figure 2: Front Panel view of the HMC-T2100
Figure 3: Rear Panel view of the HMC-T2100
5.2.1 RF Output Standby
The RF output is delivered via an SMA connector located on the front panel. The RF output may be
commanded to the Standby State by either the RF Standby switch on the front panel, or by commanding
the unit via one of the peripheral interfaces. When in the Standby State, the output power attenuators are
set for maximum attenuation. The RF output specications are located in the data sheet on the Hittite
website. Please note that while the SG unit is in the Stand-by state, there is still a minimal level of RF
power at the signal generator RF output.
5.2.2 Front Panel Rotary Control Knob
The large rotary knob on the front panel is used to control the synthesizer’s frequency and power output.
When the knob is depressed it will cycle through its functions. The functions consist of the following:
Increment/Decrement frequency with 10 KHz steps1.
Increment/Decrement frequency with 100 KHz steps2.
Increment/Decrement frequency with 1 MHz steps3.
Increment/Decrement frequency with 10 MHz steps4.
Increment/Decrement frequency with 100 MHz steps5.
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Increment/Decrement frequency with 1 GHz steps6.
Increment/Decrement Output Power with 0.1 dB steps7.
Increment/Decrement Output Power with 1.0 dB steps8.
Rotation of the knob will increment or decrement the synthesizer’s selected function.
Note: When the front panel controls have been locked out due to computer commands via one of
the peripheral interfaces, the rotary knob may be depressed for ~1.5 seconds to re-enable front panel
controls, and disable computer controls.
5.2.2.1 Setting Synthesizer GPIB Address
If unit is in the Remote mode, press and hold front panel rotary knob for ~1.5 seconds to exit the
Remote mode. Then, press and hold front panel rotary knob for ~1.5 seconds to go to the GPIB
address menu. Rotate the knob to select a GPIB address between 0 and 15. Press and hold the
rotary knob for ~1.5 seconds. This will store the selected GPIB address, and then the LCD display will
change to display the unit’s Serial Number, along with Software and Hardware revision information.
Press and hold the rotary knob for ~1.5 seconds to switch to normal operation, and display power and
frequency.
5.2.3 Front Panel LCD Display
At power turn-on the LCD will display the units Serial Number, Model Number, as well as the rmware
revision. Sometime thereafter the LCD will change to display its operational state. The operational state
provides the information listed in the Table below.
Function Units Comments
Frequency MHz Output Frequency
RF Output Power dBm Commanded Output Power
RF Status N/A Output ON or OFF
Unit Status N/A F – Fan failure, RF output disabled
L – PLL loss of lock
R – Remotely controlled via one of the peripheral interfaces.
Reference Source N/A INT (Internal) EXT (External)
Selected Function Indicator N/A Underlined character indicates whether rotary knob controls
frequency or power, and determines the resolution step size.
RF Power Status N/A Blank – Output Power Leveled
UNLVLD – Output Power Un-Leveled
Table 2: Front Panel Display
5.2.3.1 Front Panel Power Level Status
The HMC-T2100 includes a power level indicator on the Front Panel display which can be monitored
by the user to determine if the output power specied by the user is within the instruments calibrated
output range (See the data sheet). When the instrument is commanded to a Frequency and Power
combination which is beyond the units specied calibration range, the “UNLVLED” indicator will
appear on the display.
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Figure 4: Un-calibrated output power indicator
5.2.4 Computer Peripheral Interfaces
The synthesizer’s status and programmable functions are identied in the Programmer’s guide
document.
5.2.4.1 USB Interface
The USB connector is located on the rear panel. The USB interface is compliant with USB 1.1, and USB
2.0. The mating connector for this unit is a USB Series B plug style connector.
5.2.4.2 Ethernet Interface
The Ethernet connector is located on the rear panel. The mating connector is a standard RJ-45 plug style
connector. The Ethernet interface is a 10/100 Base T interface.
5.2.4.3 GPIB Interface
The GPIB connector is located on the real panel. The mating connector is a standard 24 pin male
connector. The GPIB interface is compliant with IEEE 488.2.
5.2.5 External Reference/Internal Reference
5.2.5.1 Internal Reference Out
The HMC-T2100 includes a single precision 10 MHz reference. The internal 10 MHz reference connects
to one of the BNC connectors on the rear panel. The performance of this reference output is specied in
the datasheet on the Hittite website. The internal reference out feeds through the external reference in.
5.2.5.2 External Reference In
The internal reference can be overridden by connecting an external reference to the BNC connector
located on the rear panel. The unit automatically detects and uses the external reference if present.
5.2.6 Power Input
The unit is powered using the supplied AC wall supply.
5.2.6.1 AC Power adapter
The unit will operate from a single phase AC source of 100 to 240 VAC, with a frequency of 47/63 Hz
supplying current of between 1.25 and 0.5A. The internal AC to DC power supply automatically adjusts
to the connected power source. A 110 VAC, USA standard wall type power supply and cable is provided
with this unit. The AC power adapter contains a power switch, and a power on indicator LED.
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5.2.6.2 Power On/Off
Power is turned On/Off with the switch located on the front panel of the enclosure.
5.3 Environmental Requirements
The unit is designed to be operated in an environment meeting the following requirements:
Environment Condition Value
General Usage Indoors
Temperature 0 to 35 degrees C
Humidity 15% to 95% non-condensing
Altitude Less than 3000 meters
Table 3: Environmental Operating Conditions
5.4 Fan Air Inlets
The unit utilizes fans, mounted on the rear panel for cooling. Please ensure that the fans, and vent
openings are not obstructed or the unit may overheat and damage may result.
5.5 GUI Instrument control
The instrument may be controlled from a computer using the Hittite Supplied GUI application. The features
of the GUI are described in this section. A picture of the GUI is shown in gure 5.
Figure 5: GUI application
5.5.1 Hardware Selection and Control
The application software supports multiple HMC-T2100 synthesizers being connected to the computer
at one time. With the supplied software GUI, only one HMC-T2100 synthesizer can be selected and
controlled from the GUI application at one time. Multiple HMC-T2100’s can be programmed by the user to
be controlled simultaneously. Please refer to section 7.0 herein. The Control Menu may be accessed by
pointing to the GUI and performing a Right Click with the mouse. The functions available from this menu
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are ReMap Hardware, Open, Close, Refresh, and Disable Power Checks. The top right pull-down menu
will provide a list of connected T2100 synthesizers after the application has been opened. Some of the
features below may be accessed through the button below the hardware pull-down menu. The function
of this button changes depending on the state of the software.
5.5.2 ReMap Hardware
If synthesizer’s are added to the computer after the application has been opened, the ReMap Hardware
function may be used to force the computer to go and check for any new synthesizer units.
5.5.2.1 Open
The Open function is used to establish a connection to a specied synthesizer. A synthesizer is selected
with the upper right hand pull-down menu.
5.5.2.2 Close
The Close function is used to disconnect the currently selected synthesizer. A new synthesizer may then
be selected with the upper right hand pull-down menu, and the Open function.
5.5.2.3 Refresh
Once a synthesizer has been selected with the Open command, the Refresh function may be used
to read the current status of the synthesizer. If the GUI checkbox for Remote and Local Lockout has
not been checked, the Refresh function will read the current status of the unit as commanded via the
synthesizer’s front panel.
5.5.2.4 Disable Power Checks
Within the menu this function may be selected to disable software power level checking.
5.5.3 Synthesizer Selection Menu
This is a pull-down menu at the top right hand side of the GUI. All synthesizers which have been
detected by the software are displayed in this menu. If synthesizers are added to the computer after the
application has been started, use the ReMap Hardware function to force the software to check for other
synthesizers.
5.5.4 Remote and Local Lockout
The Remote and Local Lockout feature is enabled by a checkbox available within the GUI. When the
checkbox is selected, computer controlled operation via the USB is enabled. Front panel control of the
unit is disabled. If this checkbox is not selected, the software application will not change any settings
in the synthesizer. However in this state, if the Refresh button is depressed, the current Frequency and
Power elds will be updated with the current settings within the synthesizer.
5.5.5 Frequency Field
When the Remote and Local Lockout checkbox is selected, the Frequency of the synthesizer may be con-
trolled with the text-box. The desired frequency can be either typed into the provided text-box, or either
the up and down arrows on the keyboard, or the GUI eld may be used to increment or decrement the
frequency by the amount indicated in the Step box. After a new frequency has been entered, the appli-
cation attempts to set the synthesizer to the commanded frequency. If for any reason (Example: outside
the calibration range) the unit does not go to the commanded frequency, the eld will be highlighted in
yellow.
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5.5.6 Power eld
When the Remote and Local Lockout checkbox is selected, the Power of the synthesizer may be controlled
with the text-box. The desired power can be either typed into the provided text-box, or either the up and
down arrows on the keyboard, or the GUI eld may be used to increment or decrement the frequency by
the dBm indicated in the Step box. After a new power level has been entered, the application attempts
to set the synthesizer to the commanded frequency. If for any reason (Example: outside the calibration
range) the unit does not go to the commanded power, the eld will be highlighted in yellow.
5.5.7 RF Output On
When the Remote and Local Lockout checkbox is selected, the RF Output On checkbox is used to
enable and disable the RF output of the Signal Generator.
5.5.8 Synthesizer Frequency Sweeping Controls
The GUI provides a number of controls to allow the user to perform sweeps of either frequency or power,
or both. The sweep rate, frequency, and power commands are generated by the software application.
The Remote and Local Lockout checkbox must be selected in order for any of the sweep functions to be
enabled.
5.5.8.1 Single Sweep / Start Continuous Sweep
When the start button is pressed, a single sweep is performed with the selected parameters. If “Continuous”
is selected, sweeping runs continuously for the parameters selected. Depressing the “Stop” button will stop
the current sweep. At the normal completion of any sweeps, the unit will remain at the last programmed
(STOP condition) power and frequency.
5.5.8.2 Sweep Frequency for each Power OR Sweep Power for each Frequency
Depending on which function is selected with the radio button, the software will either sweep the frequency
from the START value to the STOP value set in the GUI for each output power level, or will sweep the
power from the START value to the STOP value for each output frequency.
5.5.8.3 Sweep Frequency / Sweep Power
The user can select to sweep Power, Frequency, or both using the checkboxes on the GUI.
5.5.8.4 Start Frequency / Stop Frequency / Step Size
For sweep operations, the user can select the start frequency, the stop frequency, and the step size
between frequencies.
5.5.8.5 Start Power / Stop Power / Step Size
For sweep operations, the user can select the start power level, the stop power level, and the step size
between power levels. Power levels which are selected outside of the calibrated region of operation will
be highlighted in yellow.
5.5.8.6 Dwell Time
A text box is provided to enter the value of the “Dwell Time” for each step in the sweep. Valid values for
this eld are 0.001 secs to 3600 secs. The value may be entered by typing the desired value or using the
up and down arrows to increment or decrement the time duration.
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5.5.9 Software Installation
When installing the software from the CD follow the directions provided by the installation program. See
below for general installation process.
Select the desired components with the checkboxes, and select the install button. The default installation recommended.
Select Next.
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This window will be displayed during the install process. This window shows status of the install.
The software is being installed.
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Select Close.
Change the install directory if desired, and then select the large button on the top left.
It is recommended that the installation is to the default directory.
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Select the desired folder name and location, and select whether you want anyone who uses this computer to be able to run
the application. The default folder location is recommended.
Select the Program Group for installation. Hittite is the recommended group.
Select OK.
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This window displays software installation progress.
Select Close. The installation of all software components is done.
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6. Maintenance
The unit should be calibrated every 12 months. The unit is provided with calibration software so that
the user can perform periodic calibrations. The RF output connector should be cleaned as needed.
6.1 External Cleaning
Disconnect the power cable to the unit. Do not use any spray or liquid detergents to clean the
HMC-T2100 unit. These cleaning products typically employ chemicals or degreasers that could enter
the enclosure and damage electronic components. Only use a soft cloth that is slightly dampened
with a mild cleansing agent diluted in water, to clean the main SG enclosure, as well as the front and
back panels.
6.2 Instrument Calibration
The instrument is supplied with a Hittite software application to support the calibration of the unit’s
output power. A picture of the GUI is shown in gure 8. The software will provide information related
to the required equipment, and setup for the calibration. It is assumed that the user will perform the
synthesizer calibration with calibrated test equipment. Insure that the synthesizer has been powered
on for at least 30 minute prior to performing the calibration.
6.2.1 Calibration GUI Operation
Start the HMC-T2100 calibration software by opening the le: C:\Program Files\LCS\LCS.exe.1.
The following window should appear.2.
Figure 6: Calibration GUI
Select the “Information” button to show calibration system setup, see gure 9 herein.3.
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Figure 7: Calibration Setup
From the Select Power Meter pull down windows, select the model and GPIB address of the Power4.
Meter.
From the Optional precision attenuator pull down menu, select the amount of attenuation between at5.
the output of the HMC-T2100 and the Power Meter.
Verify power is ON to the HMC-T2100 and select “Initialize T2100” and verify the following window6.
appears:
Select OK
Select Calibrate.7.
The following error and warning messages may appear if the power meter has a channel with no power8.
sensor connected. Select OK until the Done window appears indicating that Instrument setup has been
veried.
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Select OK
Select OK
Select OK
Select Yes to begin calibration9.
7. Programming
The enclosed CDROM contains the necessary control software and drivers to support a smooth installation
with a Windows XP® operating system. Also included is a Programmer’s Reference Guide which provides
the primary software commands, GUI source codes and C language support that permits customized control
compatible with Labview® or LabWindows® routines.
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