intinor Direkt 2000IP User manual

Intinor Direkt
router
2000IP
User guide
version 3.0.0 rev. 15412
www.intinor.com

2

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Contents
1 Description 5
1.1 Functions ...................................... 6
1.2 Customizations ................................... 6
2 Technical overview 7
2.1 Input ......................................... 7
2.2 Transport in and out ................................ 7
2.3 Output ....................................... 8
3 Usage 9
3.1 User interfaces ................................... 9
3.2 Transport methods ................................. 9
3.3 Adaptive bitrate .................................. 12
3.4 ISS - system for statistics and supervision .................... 12
3.5 IP1, IP2 ... ..................................... 14
3.6 IP2 as management ................................. 15
3.7 Access control .................................... 16
3.8 Record files ..................................... 16
3.9 Profiles and active settings ............................ 17
3.10 Peak Programme Meter (PPM) .......................... 18
3.11 Configure via display and keypad ......................... 19
3.12 The web interface .................................. 23
4 Receivers 28
4.1 Intinor Direkt receiver ............................... 28
4.2 IP-TV boxes from Amino ............................. 28
4.3 PC:s ......................................... 29
5 Firewalls 30
5.1 To send web TV using RTMP (Adobe) - option ................. 30
5.2 To send UDP, RTP, RTP+FEC, UDP bonding or TCP (live broadcasting) . 31
5.3 TCP on request (distribution) ........................... 31

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5.4 Upgrade and ISS .................................. 32
5.5 Web interface .................................... 32
5.6 Cheat sheet - receiver for live broadcasting ................... 33
5.7 Cheat sheet - Direkt link for live broadcasting .................. 33
6 Trouble shooting 34
6.1 Use ISS ....................................... 34
6.2 Network ....................................... 34
6.3 Streams ....................................... 35
7 Technical specifikations 36
7.1 Compatibility .................................... 36
7.2 IP in and out .................................... 36

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Chapter 1
Description
The Intinor Direkt router receives video and audio from Direkt link and other Direkt router
via computer networks, monitors and re-sends to one or multiple destinations. Direkt router
2000IP with options can also transcode the video streams to other formats. The live-
broadcasted material can be received by different receivers for live-editing or distribution to
TV viewers.
Intinor Direkt router is very easy to use and is configured in a web interface. Configurations
can be adjusted via a display and keypad.
Figure 1.1: Intinor Direkt router 2000IP
The Direkt router 2000IP is a robust construction with few moving parts. Intinor provides
support, can monitor and remote control links and help to ease network trouble shooting.
Similar to all Intinor products, the Direkt router 2000IP can be supplemented with options
and customizations. In this way, the customer is offered desired functionality without making
the unit complex and hard to use.

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1.1 Functions
The following functions are standard on Direkt router 2000IP:
 Can receive video streams (MPEG2 and H.264) from a number of different types of
senders
 With access control, administrator can allow input streams only from specific senders
 multiple output streams TCP (error correction with buffring)
 flera utstr¨ommar UDP, unicast och/eller multicast
 RTP+FEC - error correction with low latency
 Network failover - if Direkt router can not transmit using the first network interface,
it automatically switches to the second etc.
 Network bonding - video streams can be transmitted over multiple networks for in-
creased video quality and robustness
 Easy to configure via display and keypad
 Can be controlled via web interface over network
 Can be supervised, trouble shooted and remote controlled via ISS — Intinors system
for statistics and supervision
 Backup settings can be handled via the web interface or ISS
 Software upgrade can be handled via the web interface, ISS or USB memory
 Peak Programme Meter (PPM) for easy calibration of audio level
 Settings can be stored in profiles for different broadcast locations or destinations
 Can record to files, in the video format it receives
 Recorded files can be fetched via the web interface
 Can share Internet access to devices connected to the second network port (IP2)
1.2 Customizations
Direkt router can be cusomized using options. See Intinor home page or contact a sales
person at Intinor.

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Chapter 2
Technical overview
Intinor Direkt router 2000IP receives video, compressed using MPEG-2 or H.264, from com-
puter networks and re-sends via IP net to one or multiple destinations. 2000IP handles six
concurrent input streams - channels.
Figure 2.1: technical overview
2.1 Input
The Direkt routers input is a RJ45-connector (TP) Ethernet 10/100/1000. The input is
called “IP1”.
2.2 Transport in and out
Direkt router 2000IP received and re-sends MPEG transport streams over IP either using
UDP, RTP, RTP+FEC, UDP bonding or TCP.
Transport methods are described more detailed in chapter 3.2.
The Direkt router can be configured to listen for multiple transport methods simultaneously.

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2.3 Output
Direkt router’s output is a RJ45-connector (TP) Ethernet 10/100/1000. The primary output
is “IP1”, but also “IP2” can be used as output.

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Chapter 3
Usage
3.1 User interfaces
Intinor Direkt router has three user interfaces:
a) The web interface gives access to all configuration options. The web interface is de-
scribed in chapter 3.12
b) The display and keypad on the Direkt router gives access to basic configurations. The
display can be used when the web interface is unavailable. See chapter 3.11
c) ISS is used for supervision, status, remote control and trouble shooting. See chapter
3.4
(a) Web interface (b) PPM, display and keypad (c) ISS for supervision and trou-
ble shooting
Figure 3.1: Different user interfaces
3.2 Transport methods
Direkt router supports different technologies for both transport in from Direkt links and
transport over IP networks to one or several receivers.
3.2.1 UDP multicast
Multicast streams can only be used if it is supported in the network where it is to be
used for broadcasting of video and audio. This issue should be discussed with the network
administrator as this is usually not supported.
If there is support for multicast, it is usually possible to find multicast addresses and ports
on your own. Multicast is addresses between 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255.

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If multicast is used, it does not matter what IP-address the receiver is configured to. Several
receivers can be simultaneously linked to the stream.
UDP multicast is a suitable transport methods for distribution
to many receivers on the same local network (e.g. IPTV appli-
cations and internal distribution on a LAN).
3.2.2 UDP unicast
If there is no support for multicast, then unicast is to be used to stream to each receiver.
IP-numbers on receiver must be known and configured in one of the following ways:
a) The receiver has a static IP-number. Intinor Direkt receiver and Direkt router can be
configured easily via display and keypad.
b) The receiver uses DHCP and always receives the same IP-number from the DHCP-
server on the local network. Contact the network administrator.
3.2.3 Stream TCP
Direkt link and Direkt router can “Stream TCP” (i.e. broadcast TCP-streams) to one or
several receivers. The receiver must be configured to receive the stream - TCP (receive).
The receiver buffers for a couple of seconds before it playing video and audio. If packets are
lost, there is a request to resend them. This means that only major network interruptions
result in video disturbances.
The size of the TCP buffer can be configured on the receiving unit. A value between 0.3 and
0.5 is good for an interview with studio feedback. For a transmission during a longer period
of time without feedback, 3-10 seconds is recommended.
IP-number on receiver must be known and configured as for “UDP unicast” above.
3.2.4 RTP and RTP + FEC
RTP (Real Time Protocol) is a layer on top of UDP for video and audio in realtime. It
allows the receiver to handle in a better way certain types of errors during the transmis-
sion. FEC includes extra data which allows the receiver to handle small packet loss without
compromising or affecting the image quality.
Both RTP and FEC requires multiple UDP ports in the range between transmitter and
receiver. We recommend 10 ports reserved starting by an even number. For example, UDP
port 6010-6019 for the first RTP stream and 6020-6029 for the next.
RTP and FEC are send as UDP. The Intinor receivers are therefore configured to receive a
UDP streams and detect the RTP and FEC used on top of the UDP packets in the stream.

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FEC provides error correction over the Internet with lower delay than TCP as described
above. However it requires more bandwidth and also adds some delay compared to UDP or
RTP without FEC. The advanced user can adjust the FEC settings in the web interface to
achieve low latency or robust link which can handle more dropped UDP packets in a row.
3.2.5 Network bonding
Network bonding is an extended network functionality for Direkt router which allows the
capacity from multiple physical connections to be aggregated. The sender can use several
Internet connections at once to increase the capacity. It can also be used for redundancy.
Network bonding means the Direkt router can use multiple 4G/LTE-modems and land-line
Internet connections in different combinations.
UDP Unicast, RTP, FEC, UDP bonding and Stream TCP are
suitable transport methods for live broadcasts.
The Intinor receivers can be configured to receive both UDP
unicast and Stream TCP. It detects the incoming signal, and no
configuration is needed to switch between transport methods.
3.2.6 RTMP for web TV (option)
Direkt router can have an option to also send streams in RTMP (Real Time Messaging
Protocol) and RTMPT (RTMP over HTTP - makes it easy to send through firewalls) format.
By using RTMP, one can send directly to a number of different providers of streaming for
web TV. RTMP can only be configured using the web interface.
3.2.7 Network Failover
Direkt router sends on the first interface which has Internet access (or all interfaces if protocol
UDP bonding is used). A Direkt router can be connected using IP1 to one Internet
connection and IP2 to another at the same time. If the first network works, it will send
using it, but if it’s not connected or doesn’t work, it will send over IP2. If IP1 Internet fails
during a transmission, Direkt router will switch within a few seconds to transmit over IP2.
An ongoing transmission using IP2 will not switch to IP1 as long as IP2 works.
Also the connection to ISS for management will failover to the first interface with Internet
connection.
A network interface which is not connected to Internet is tested every 10 seconds. If the
interface has link (or modem connected) the following connections are tested:
1. iss.intinor.se port 22017
2. iss.intinor.se port 80
3. 8.8.8.8 port 53

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If any of those servers accept the connection, the Internet is considered to work on the
interface and the test is finished.
3.2.8 TCP on request
If “TCP on request” is activated on the Direkt router, it is possible for one or more receivers,
to actively request data streams - TCP (on request) on the receiver. Error correction func-
tions as described in “Stream TCP” above.
IP-numbers on Direkt router must be known and configured in one of the following ways:
a) A static IP-number that can be easily configured via display and keypad.
b) It uses DHCP, and always receives the same IP-number from the DHCP-server on the
local network. Contact the network administrator for more information.
3.2.9 Multiple transport methods at the same time
The inputs on Direkt router can be configured for multiple transport methods at the same
time. When it does not have a input signal, it can wait for both UDP and TCP and it does
not need to be reconfigured when the sender switches from UDP to TCP.
If encoding is not adaptive, it is possible to use multiple transport
methods on the output - The Direkt link can broadcast TCP
streams to some receivers, while sending an RTMP stream and
deliver TCP-streams on demand to other receivers.
3.2.10 Summary of transport methods
3.3 Adaptive bitrate
Adaptive bitrate in a network functionality for an interruption-free transmission between
sender and receiver. It means that the sender adapts to the current capacity for the Internet
connection/connections in use, which happens at once. Adaptive bitrate provides safty and
simplicity for the user, who can focus on the live broadcast instead of worry about the
Internet connection to maybe loose capacity.
Adaptive bitrate can only be used for one stream using transport method TCP or UDP
bonding.
3.4 ISS - system for statistics and supervision
ISS is Intinor’s system for statistics, supervision, alarms and remote control of Direkt link,
Direkt router and Direkt receiver. Units connects to a ISS server and regularly sends in-

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formation about status on software, hardware, networks and disturbances in the incoming
signal.
Connection to ISS uses failover in the same way as outgoing video streams. See chapter
3.2.7.
Figure 3.2: ISS for statistics and supervision
ISS eases installation and test - the user can log on by him/herself, or the Intinor support
can assist with this. Via ISS it is possible make sure that:
 The Direkt link’s network is functioning as intended.
 The Direkt link is not blocked by a firewall.
 The Direkt link has an incoming signal (test picture or video from camera/editing).
 The Direkt receiver’s network is correctly configured and functioning as intended.
 The Direkt receiver is receiving a video stream from the Direkt link.
When web TV is sent using RTMP one can not supervise the
receiver using ISS. But ISS shows warnings in case not all data
that is sent arrives at the receiver / CDN. Check for warnings
(purple color).
When broadcasting live, it is valuable to know that the Internet has enough bandwidth.
Therefore, it is wise to test a broadcast to the Direkt receiver and to use ISS to make sure
that the received video stream does not contain interference.
If interference is detected in ISS, one or more of the following actions can be considered:
 Is it possible to upgrade the network connection, or in other ways fix it?
 Is it possible to accept lower video quality? - If so, switch encoding mode or activate
adaptive bitrate
 Using UDP? Add RTP+FEC. Is it possible to accept longer delay? - If so, switch to
TCP.
When the connection is functioning to satisfaction, it is recommended that the link remains
on until the actual broadcasting begins. Use ISS to look for interference; only accept a

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few interferences per hour during a longer period of time. If there are more occurrences
of interference, follow the description above. Please, contact Intinor support for assistance
when needed.
Using ISS, it is also possible to configure alarms to be sent via SMS and e-mail if the
network connection is dropped, if there is no incoming stream, or if fans or hard disks are
not functioning properly.
If there is a problem with a unit, it is also possible to view graphs showing the temperature,
fan speed and voltage. This information can be useful when troubleshooting.
From ISS, a unit can also be remote controlled, also if it’s behind
a firewall. The ISS user can use the local web interface if access
is confirmed from the display or web interface. The need for
confirmation can be disabled by a non-user system configuration
if an easier behavior is preferred.
Intinor support is also able to view the unit’s configurations, status etc. from ISS, and
thereby assist in setting up configurations and upgrading. This is possible even when the
user is unable to connect to the unit’s web interface.
3.5 IP1, IP2 ...
Direkt router has two network interfaces on the back marked IP1 and IP2.
IP1 should be connected to the Internet so that Direkt router can connect to ISS and send
and receive IP streams. The IP number for IP1 shows in ISS, on the display and that
is used when accessing Direkt router’s web interface via IP1
IP2 is per default configured as management - a service interface that can be used to
activate and use Internet access, for easy access to ISS and web interface on Direkt
router. IP2 can also be configured as an extra Internet connection for network failover
or bonding.
3.5.1 More optional interfaces
Direkt router can be equipped with additional wired network interfaces as an option.

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3.6 IP2 as management
With IP2 as management, Direkt router act as a network router.
If compared to a home Internet router, IP1 is WAN and IP2
is LAN. By connecting units on IP2, Internet can be accessed
and also settings on Direkt router. To do this IP2, must be in
management mode (default). Do not connect IP2 to your office
LAN - it will create conflicts with your DHCPserver/router.
Figure 3.3: IP2 can be used for configuration and supervision
3.6.1 Log on to the Internet
A computer connected to IP2 can get access to the Internet through Direkt router. If Inter-
net access requires log in with user name and password (common at hotels and conference
centers), it’s possible to open a web browser on the computer and log in for Direkt router.
3.6.2 Supervise using ISS
Go to iss.intinor.se using the web browser and log in with user name and password from
Intinor. Then you can supervise and trouble shoot the units you have access to.
3.6.3 Configure Direkt router
Log in to Direkt router by connecting to its IP-number (check network ->Current IP using
display and keypad) using a web browser to access local status and all configuration.
3.6.4 Watch outgoing video stream on computer
Use VLC and watch outgoing video stream using TCP according to chapter 4.3. TCP on
request must be active on Direkt router.

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3.7 Access control
With access control, one can control on Direkt router which senders it accepts video streams
from.
Access control works for transport methods UDP multicast, UDP unicast, RTP, RTP+FEC,
UDP bonding and stream TCP (see chapter 3.2). Without access control, Direkt router
locks itself on the Direkt link which it first receives from.
Intinor’s Direkt links can be identified in two different ways - either using IP numbers or
keys.
The advantage of using keys is that Direkt router can receive from a specific Direkt link
without knowing its IP number. The key for a Direkt link can be found under the system
tab in its web interface. For key identification to work, the difference in system time between
sender and receiver must be less than 30 seconds.
Direkt-router har ingen egen access-nyckel. Om accesskontroll
ska anv¨andas ¨aven p˚a en mottagare som Direkt-router sprider
signalen vidare till m˚aste man p˚a mottagaren anv¨anda:
a) nyckel fr˚an Direkt-l¨anken som skapar videostr¨ommen
b) IP-nummer fr˚an Direkt-router som skickar till mottagaren.
If multiple Direkt links, which are accepted on Direkt router sends simultaneously, it locks
on the IP number which comes first.
Access control is configured using the web interface (see chapter 3.12.2).
3.8 Record files
Direkt router can record video files on one of the following:
a) Internal hard disk - option
b) Storage unit with USB support
Internal hard disk is more suitable in combination with options such as automatic file syn-
chronication to FTP server, share files to local network etc. A USB storage unit in easy to
move to another computer for post production or other use.
Menues for recording and file handling appears in display and web interface when storage
unit is available.
Recording means that the video stream Direkt router is broadcasting also is stored on the
storage unit. “Storage unit” can be a hard drive, a USB-memory, P2-reader, NAS-RAID
etc. One limitation is that Direkt router only communicates with one USB unit, this being
the first unit that is detected.

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The following file systems are supported on Direkt router:
File system Support in operating sys-
tem
Max file size
FAT32 Windows, Mac, Linux Max 4GB
NTFS Windows, Linux Larger than 4GB
ext3 Linux Larger than 4GB
Formating can be carried out from display or web interface.
Recording is activated via display or web interface. Or using an external mixer control
(option). Direkt router creates file names based on the time when the recording was started.
Tip - set Direkt router’s clock using the web interface if ISS is not used.
When Direkt router has recorded 1 GB (default) it begins recording to a new file. The size
and path of generated files can be changed from the web Interface.
Files are saved as MPEG-transport streams (MPEG-TS) and/or in Flash format (.flv) and
can be played on a PC with, for example, VLC see chapter 4.3).
Files from Direkt router can also be sent to streaming provider for web TV.
When recording is in progress the menu option changes name to ”stop recording”.
3.9 Profiles and active settings
A profile is a collection of settings for, among other things, easing broadcasting from different
locations when Direkt router 2000IP receives streams from multiple Direkt links. Profiles
consist of configurations for network, inputs and output streams.
From the web interface, profiles can be added, changed and renamed.
3.9.1 The following is included in a profile
In a profile all configurations are included, except test picture on/off, recording to storage
medium on/off and customized test picture.
3.9.2 Active settings
The configurations that Direkt router uses are active settings. When the user chooses to use
a profile with a particular name, the settings of the profile is copied to the active settings of
Direkt link, which the starts using them. Current settings are removed and replaced by the
settings defined in the profile.

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3.9.3 To change active settings
The user can select a particular profile and change e.g. IP-number or port for input stream.
This is a change to the active setting, but does not affect the profile that the settings come
from. Thus, the user does not mistakenly “mess up” the profile with the keypad. The display
displays “Manual conf.”.
3.9.4 Save as a new profile
If the user saves a new profile, the current settings are stored. The first new profile that is
saved gets the name “new profile #1”, the other one “new profile #2” and so on. Via the
web interface it is possible to edit, rename or delete the new profiles.
3.9.5 Edit profile
Profiles can only be edited and renamed via the web interface.
3.10 Peak Programme Meter (PPM)
Direkt router has a built-in peak programme meter (the four diodes to the left of the display).
This can be used as a measure to make sure the sound levels are OK. Note that the PPM
should not be used as a precision instrument for in-measurement.
On Direkt router, PPM displays only audio level for stream received on IP input 1.
The peak programme meter is based on IEC 60268-18, and displays if the maximum value
of the left and right audio channel is above a certain level.
Peak Programme Meter (PPM)
PPM (dBFS)
⇒-12 (green) -9 (orange) -6 (red) Top diode can have three colors.
⇒-15 (green) -3 (red)
⇒-21 (green) -1 (red)
⇒-27 (green) Lowest diod indicates audio signal in
To comply with EBU-R68, the following must be valid:
 Calibration level (0dB) should correspond to -18dBFS - two green LEDs
 Maximumum level for normal program is -12dBFS - max three green LEDs
 Maximumum allowed peaks are -9dBFS - the top LED should never turn orange
If Direkt router detects a audio distortion, it blinks red with all
four diodes on the PPM.

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3.11 Configure via display and keypad
The display on Direkt router displays status information and can, together with the keypad,
be used to configure.
With the keypad, the user can choose settings from a profile, change the active settings and
store configurations as a new profile. It is also possible to turn the test picture and recording
on and off. These configurations are not saved in profiles, they are global configurations.
With the keypad, it is not possible to change the profiles, but
only the active settings.
3.11.1 Status information
Figure 3.4: status mode
When the Direkt router starts, the display is in status mode. In
this mode, the status information is displayed (current bit rate out
or input signal missing).
3.11.2 Main menu
Figure 3.5: keypad
If OK is pressed - the green symbol - the main menu is activated
where it is possible to access different configurations and test func-
tionality. In the main menu, there is several options that can be
selected by using the arrow up, and down, on the keypad.
A star in the menu (*) indicates that a menu option is activated
e.g. dynamic IP.
Main menu
Network Network settings Active settings
IP stream in 1..6 configure the input
streams
Profiles Select or save configuration profile
Start/Stop recording (not
saved in profile)
Record stream to storage-
unit
Show if storage unit is
connected
Recording status
Configurations that are made in the menus “Network” and “IP stream in” affect the Direkt
router’s active settings i.e. the configurations currently in use. They does not affect the
profile that might be used, but can be saved as a new profile after the configurations has
been done.

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3.11.3 Network
In the network menu, the network is controlled and configurations can be made. Configura-
tions are only valid for the Ethernet port labeled “IP1”.
Network
Test Internet conn. Make sure Direkt router can access the Internet.
Current IP Show the current IP number on Direkt router
Static IP Switch to or change static network configurations
Dynamic IP Change to dynamic IP-number and get a IP-number with
DHCP
Show network status Show if the network is connected, the port’s speed 10, 100
or 1000mbps and full or half duplex.
Show MAC-address Can be useful to know when configuring the DHCP-server
on the network in order to make Direkt router always receive
the same IP-number.
Test bandwidth Check available bandwidth by uploading data to and down-
loading data from one Intinor server
Test Internet Conn.
The menu option makes the Direkt router connect to a name server on the Internet (8.8.8.8).
Also connection to ISS is tested. The Internet does not need to be operational in order to
set up a video link in a private network. Without the Internet, ISS and software upgrade
don’t work.
Static IP
When choosing static IP, Direkt router is configured with a static IP-number, a network
mask and a default gateway. The configurations are not activated until “Activate static IP”
is selected.
Dynamic IP
Dynamic Internet configuration means that Direkt router, when starting up, asks the network
with DHCP which network configurations to be used.
If OK on Dynamic IP is pressed, the option to activate is given. This means that Direkt
router requests an IP-number from the network and uses it. Later, it is advisable to return
to “Current IP” to make sure that Direkt router received an IP-number. This configuration
is saved directly.