Kanardia Aetos User manual

Aetos Installation Manual
© Kanardia d.o.o.
March 2020
Revision 1.1

Aetos Installation Manual
Contact Information
Publisher and producer:
Kanardia d.o.o.
Lopata 24a
SI-3000
Slovenia
Tel: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
A lot of useful and recent information can be also found on the Internet. See
http://www.kanardia.eu for more details.
Copyright
This document is published under the Creative Commons, Attribution-Share-
Alike 3.0 Unported licence. Full license is available on http://creativecommons.
org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode web page and a bit more human read-
able summary is given on
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/. In short, the license
gives you right to copy, reproduce and modify this document if:
 you cite Kanardia d.o.o. as the author of the original work,
 you distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license
to this one.
Credits
This document was written using TeX Live (L
A
T
E
X) based document creation
system using Kile running on Linux operating system. Most of the figures were
drawn using Open Office Draw, Inkscape and QCad applications. Photos and
scanned material was processed using Gimp. All document sources are freely
available on request under the licence mentioned above and can be obtained
by email. Please send requests to [e-mail].
Revision History
The following table shows the revision history of this document.
3 © Kanardia 2019–2020

Aetos Installation Manual
Rev. Date Description
1.0 Apr 2019 Complete manual rework.
1.1 Mar 2020 Changes accumulated from SW versions 3.4 – 3.6.
1.2 Oct 2020 Changes and clarifications for SW version 3.7
4 © Kanardia 2019–2020

Aetos Installation Manual CONTENTS
Contents
1 Introduction 9
1.1 Icons Used Trough the Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.2 Warnings .............................. 9
2 Display Installation 10
2.1 Placement Consideration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2 Main Display Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.3 TheCutout............................. 13
2.4 Mounting Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.4.1 Fixation with Supplied M3 nut and Lock Washer . . . . 14
2.4.2 Fixation with Self-Clinching Nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.4.3 Fixation with Threaded Rivet Nut Insert . . . . . . . . 16
2.4.4 Fixation with Spacer Stud and Epoxy . . . . . . . . . . 16
3 Power Installation 17
3.1 CircuitBreaker........................... 18
3.2 Aircraft Master Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.3 BackupBattery........................... 19
4 GNSS Antenna Installation 20
4.1 GNSS Signal Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5 Outside Air Temperature Sensor 23
5.1 Installation ............................. 23
5.2 Connection ............................. 25
6 Audio and Video 26
6.1 AudioConnection ......................... 26
6.1.1 Trig TY91/TY92 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
6.1.2 FunkeATR833 ....................... 27
6.1.3 DittelKRT2 ........................ 28
6.2 VideoConnection.......................... 29
5 © Kanardia 2019–2020

Aetos Installation Manual CONTENTS
7 USB 30
7.1 USBMemoryStick......................... 30
7.2 WiFiModule ............................ 30
7.3 USB Cable As Charger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
7.4 USB Cable As Tethering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
8 The CAN Bus 32
8.1 ConnectorandPlug ........................ 33
8.2 TheCANTopology......................... 33
8.2.1 T-Junction ......................... 34
8.2.2 Terminator Plug . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
9 Service Port 35
9.1 Terminal Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
9.2 Port 1 – Auxiliary RS-232 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
9.3 External Push Button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
9.4 AlarmSwitch............................ 37
10 RS-232 Ports 39
10.1Pinout................................ 39
10.2Configuration............................ 40
10.3 Connection Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
10.3.1 TQKRT2Radio ...................... 42
10.3.2 Funke ATR 833 Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
10.3.3 Trig TY91/TY92 Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
10.3.4 Funke TRT800H Transponder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
10.3.5 Trig TT21/TT22 Transponder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
10.3.6 TQ KTX2 Transponder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
10.3.7 PowerFlarm ........................ 46
10.3.8 TRX1500.......................... 48
10.3.9 AIR Traffic AT1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
10.3.10FlarmEagle......................... 52
10.3.11 uAvionix echoUAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
6 © Kanardia 2019–2020

Aetos Installation Manual CONTENTS
11 Service Settings 55
11.1Parameters ............................. 55
11.1.1 Parameter Editing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
11.2FlapSettings ............................ 58
11.3Recorder............................... 59
11.4TrimSensitivity........................... 59
11.5VideoInput............................. 60
11.6SerialPorts ............................. 60
11.7 Internal CO Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
11.8Backup ............................... 61
11.9Restore ............................... 61
12 AHRS-Leveling 62
12.1 Yaw Misalignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
12.2 Roll and Pitch Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
12.3InitialPitch............................. 64
13 Engine & Sensors 64
13.1EngineModel............................ 65
13.2SwitchFunction .......................... 65
13.3Channels .............................. 66
13.3.1 Channel Editing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
13.3.2 Min/Max .......................... 69
13.3.3 Offset ............................ 70
13.3.4 Tank............................. 71
14 Tank 71
14.1FuelLevelSensors ......................... 71
14.1.1 LinearShape ........................ 71
14.1.2 UserShape ......................... 72
14.1.3 Predefined Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
14.2 Simulated Fuel Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
15 Offset 76
7 © Kanardia 2019–2020

Aetos Installation Manual CONTENTS
16 Autopilot 78
17 Special 78
18 CAN Devices 78
18.1 Indu/Digi Layout Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
18.2 Enable/Disable Magnetic Heading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
19 Joyu 79
19.1 Device/Action Pairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
19.2Configuration............................ 81
20 Calibrated Airspeed 82
8 © Kanardia 2019–2020

Aetos Installation Manual 1. Introduction
1 Introduction
First of all we would like to thank you for purchasing our product. Aetos
is a complex instrument and we strongly recommend reading manuals before
installation. You may be interested in reading:
 Aetos Installation Manual (this manual),
 Aetos User’s Manual,
 DAQU Installation Manual,
 MAGU Manual,
 Autopilot Installation Manual,
 our web page www.kanardia.eu.
This manual assumes that you are familiar with the Aetos user interface
system.
1.1 Icons Used Trough the Manual
A few icons appear on the side of the manual, which have special meanings:
This icon denotes information that needs to be taken with special
attention. An injury or even death is possible if instructions are
not obeyed.
Failing to follow the instructions may lead to the equipment dam-
age.
This icon denotes background information about the subject.
This icon denotes a tip.
1.2 Warnings
The following warnings and limitations apply during installation.
 Software based fuel flow and software based fuel level can be very danger-
ous and misleading. They affect also range and endurance calculation.
Never trust any of these values. Make sure that you have some reliable
way to check the actual fuel level during the flight.
9 © Kanardia 2019–2020

Aetos Installation Manual 2. Display Installation
 Before installing the instrument, you shall carefully read and understand
this manual and any other supplementing manual.
 The manual is not a substitute for an approved aircraft specific main-
tenance manual, installation or design drawing. Attempting to install
Aetos and corresponding equipment by reference to this manual only
(without planning or designing an installation specific to aircraft) may
compromise the safety and is not recommended.
2 Display Installation
This section covers the installation of the Aetos display.
2.1 Placement Consideration
There are several consideration which affect the display position on the in-
strument panel.
 The display must be in direct view field of the pilot without any ob-
structions.
 The display supports landscape orientation only. Portrait orientation is
not possible.
 The display has a modest power consumption. It is cooled trough top
and bottom openings in the housing. Please make sure that cooling air
will be able to circulate trough the housing openings.
 Avoid to place the display next to the heater vents or into any kind of
direct stream of hot air.
 Monitor the internal display temperature. It must not exceed maximal
internal rated temperature of the display. If this temperature comes
close or even exceeds maximal rated temperature, a cooling system must
be built into the instrument panel compartment, to keep the compart-
ment temperatures low enough.
 The display housing extends behind instrument panel and some extra
space must also allocated for the connectors, cables and tubes. See
Figure 1 for more details.
10 © Kanardia 2019–2020

Aetos Installation Manual 2.2 Main Display Dimensions
 The display does not need special harness for the installation. It is
mounted directly to the instrument panel.
 Fix/glue mounting nuts behind the instrument panel for simple instru-
ment removal.
 The instrument panel must be flat. If instrument panel is not-flat,
internal stresses will appear and they may damage the instrument bezel.
2.2 Main Display Dimensions
The display main dimensions are shown on Figures 1 – 3 and Figure 4 shows
the cutout.
22 17 3038
Extra space
for cables and tubing
Figure 1: Aetos side view with dimensions.
The knob and part of the bezel protrude 23 mm in front of the instrument
panel. On the back side, the housing requires 37 mm space. This space already
includes thickness of the instrument panel. Pito-static connectors protrude
extra 18 mm backwards. At least 30 mm is also required for the cables and
pito-static tubing.
11 © Kanardia 2019–2020

Aetos Installation Manual 2.2 Main Display Dimensions
175.8
121.7
CAN CAN PORT 2 PORT 3 PORT 4
PWR USB SERVICE OAT AUDIO
Pstatic Ptotal PS
Figure 2: Back view with dimensions.
The bezel width is 192 mm and the height is 127 mm. Back side housing
width is 176 mm, height 122 mm.
Figure 3 shows Aetos top view. Cooling openings are clearly visible. Same
cooling openings are also on the bottom side. It is very importnat that bottom
and top cooling openings are not obstructed – cooling air must freely circulate.
Figure 3: Aetos top view.
12 © Kanardia 2019–2020

Aetos Installation Manual 2.3 The Cutout
2.3 The Cutout
Cut your instrument panel according to your Aetos display size using cut-out
dimensions and cut-out templates. The cut-out drawing can be downloaded
from our web page: www.kanardia.eu/support/manuals/, search for the
Aetos Cutout.pdf or Aetos Cutout.dxf. Please note that the cutout tol-
erance was already added to the green cutout line. Figure 4 illustrates the
cutout dimension.
Figure 4: Aetos cutout dimensions. The figure is not actual size!
Some mounting notes:
 The display is mounted from front.
 The display is shipped with a set of mounting hardware (four screws and
nuts). You can replace screws and nuts with more appropriate ones, Do
not use screws with head larger than 5.5 mm in diameter.
 Do not re-drill holes in the bezel.
13 © Kanardia 2019–2020

Aetos Installation Manual 2.4 Mounting Procedure
Print the template on a hard paper. After printing, take a precise ruler or
measuring tape and make sure that printed sizes are correct. This procedure
is necessary, because some printers or PDF rendering software may slightly
adjust the document size, producing wrong cut-out dimensions.
If possible, make a cutout with a CNC equipment. You can use the dxf file
to program the CNC. This will make excellent results.
2.4 Mounting Procedure
Once the appropriate opening is made in the instrument panel, test mount
the display. Adjust the opening if necessary.
There are several ways to fix the Aetos into the panel:
 using supplied M3 nut and lock washer,
 using self-clinching nut insert,
 using threaded rivet nut insert,
 using spacer stud and epoxy.
Details are shown in next subsection.
2.4.1 Fixation with Supplied M3 nut and Lock Washer
This is the most straightforward method of fixation. Figure 5 shows an ex-
ample.
1
O Aetos aluminium bezel.
2
O Instrument panel plate.
3
O M3 bolt with head colored black.
4
O External teeth lock washer.
5
O Standard M3 nut.
Please do not use excessive force on M3 bolt/nut to avoid damage of plastic
bezel.
This fixation principle has one disadvantage – it makes Aetos service removal
a bit difficult as nut on the back side may be difficult to access.
14 © Kanardia 2019–2020

Aetos Installation Manual 2.4 Mounting Procedure
4
5
1
2
3
Figure 5: An example of fixation using supplied M3 nut and lock washer.
2.4.2 Fixation with Self-Clinching Nut
Instead of using standard nut and lock washer, a self clinching nut may be
used. They come in various forms, which depend on the instrument panel
material. Some special tools like arbor press may be required.
For instrument panels made of aluminum, a nut like shown on Figure 6 can be
used. The nut must be pressed into the panel before installing the instrument.
Once pressed, the nut shall not turn when Aetos is removed and this makes
servicing easier.
The hole size needs to be as accurate as possible. It is recommended to do a
few tests on a scrap part first.
2
3
13
Figure 6: Self-clinching nut suitable for instrument panels made of aluminum.
1
O Instrument panel plate.
15 © Kanardia 2019–2020

Aetos Installation Manual 2.4 Mounting Procedure
2
O M3 bolt.
3
O Self-clinching M3 nut.
2.4.3 Fixation with Threaded Rivet Nut Insert
Threaded rivet nut inserts (a.k.a. rivnuts) may be also used, especially on the
composite and thin panels. Again, they come in various forms. Some special
riveting tool is needed to fix the threaded rivet.
Get some aluminium M3 rivnuts. Drill a hole into the panel, as it is required
by the rivnut used. Then use the rivnut tool to fix the inserts. Be gentle, as
there is only minimal panel material between hole and the cutout chamfer.
Figure 7 shows an example.
There is a small disadvantage using rivnuts. As the rivnut head has some
minimal thickness, the Aetos bezel will probably not mount flush with the
panel – there will be a small gap.
1
2
Figure 7: Example of rivnuts inserts. Left: a rivnut before compressing.
Right: a compressed rivnut. 1 O – instrument panel, 2 O – rivnut.
2.4.4 Fixation with Spacer Stud and Epoxy
As another alternative, a M3 nut can be epoxied to the back of the instrument
panel. Standard M3 nut is a bit too small to be epoxied successfully. Thus a
M3 spacer stud at least 6 mm in length may be used instead.
1. The spacer surface shall be made rough using coarse sandpaper. If
spacer is coated, the coat shall be removed. A dremel tool comes handy.
2. Sand the back side of the panel where epoxy will be applied. Surface
must be dull.
16 © Kanardia 2019–2020

Aetos Installation Manual 3. Power Installation
3. Mix a small batch of epoxy together with some cotton flox or with milled
glass fibers. These add strength and also increase viscosity, which makes
epoxy application easier.
4. Apply a small amount of oil or grease on bolt thread. This will prevent
strong bond between epoxy and thread if epoxy is applied over the bolt
thread by accident.
5. Fix spacers in place using M3 bolts and apply the epoxy mix around
the spacers.
6. Wait for epoxy to cure.
1
2
3
4
Figure 8: Example of spacer stud fixed with epoxy: 1 O – spacer stud, 2 O
– panel surface sanded with 60 grid sandpaper, 3 O – spacer stud
sanded with dremel tool, coat removed, 4 O – spacer stud fixed with
epoxy mixed with cotton flox.
This fixation principle is a bit messy, but works very well in practice.
3 Power Installation
Aetos power input requirements are compatible with 12 and 24 V aircraft
power systems. Aetos accepts 10 – 30 V range.
The supplied power cable have two unterminated wires. The red wire must be
connected to the power (+12V or +24V) terminal. The blue wire connects to
the ground terminal. The other side of the power cable has a plastic connector.
This connector has a hook next to the red cable. Insert the connector into
Aetos at the back. The notch and the hook must match – they prevent wrong
cable orientation, see Figure 9.
When a slave Aetos is also connected to the system, it is powered with its
own power cable.
The cable side of power connector 1 O consists of the following parts:
17 © Kanardia 2019–2020

Aetos Installation Manual 3.1 Circuit Breaker
12
Figure 9: Left: The power conector on cable. Right: Power connector on
Aetos back. 1 O – hook on the power cable connector, 2 O – notch
on Aetos back.
 plastic part with a hook . . . W¨urth Elektronik, PN 649 002 113 322,
 two female crimp terminals . . . W¨urth Elektronik, PN 649 006 137 22,
 0.75 mm2(about AWG 18) red and blue leads.
The terminals have finitive number of mating cycles. They belong to the 25
mating cycles quality class.
3.1 Circuit Breaker
The power input must be routed trough a circuit breaker. Aetos consumes
about 800 mA at 12V on full brightness. Various peripheral devices (Daqu,
Magu, Indu, etc.) are powered via Aetos and they add to total consumption.
A rough estimate is 250 mA per device.
So a circuit breaker rated at 1.5 to 2.5 A is needed for the systems with one
Aetos. In the case of two Aetos connected to the same circuit breaker, use
2.5 to 3.5 A rated circuit breaker instead.
It is recommended that each Aetos gets its own circuit breaker.
3.2 Aircraft Master Relay
Please make sure that aircraft master relay (in fact all relays) have a protection
diode (a flyback diode)1, which protects against voltage spikes. A coil in relays
without this diode may cause spikes that exceed 100 V and they propagate
on the system bus. Such spikes may cause permanent damage on Kanardia
equipment and other avionics.
1Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flyback_diode
18 © Kanardia 2019–2020

Aetos Installation Manual 3.3 Backup Battery
3.3 Backup Battery
This backup battery solution works only on 12V systems.
Aetos may be powered via an optional external backup battery system called
UPSU. The backup system consists of electronic circuit UPSU, a simple lead
VRLA AGM battery (1.2 Ah is typically used) and a DPDT (or DPST)
switch. Figure 10 shows the schematics.
The Aetos system is switched on/off by a double pole switch. This switch
turns on/off two circuits at the same time. The first one brings system power
into UPSU and the second one brings backup battery power into UPSU. When
there is enough voltage present on the system bus, system power is used and
if there is no voltage on the system bus, backup power is used. UPSU will
switch between both sources automatically. UPSU also charges the backup
battery when system voltage is high enough (13V or more).
Figure 10: Schematics of the UPSU backup system. Blue leads may be sup-
plied instead of black ones.
The electronics part of the UPSU is shown on the Figure 11.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Figure 11: UPSU electronics. Input power leads from system bus and backup
battery are on the left and the output power leads are on the right.
1
O Input power lead from the system 12V bus.
19 © Kanardia 2019–2020

Aetos Installation Manual 4. GNSS Antenna Installation
2
O Ground from the system bus.
3
O Ground from the backup battery.
4
O Input power lead from backup battery.
5
O Output power lead towards Aetos.
6
O Ground lead towards Aetos.
7
O Internal 10A fuse electronics fuse.
The following table shows approximate elapsed backup times2that were ob-
tained from 1.2 Ah 12 V battery for some typical configurations. Longer
elapsed time can be achieved by using a battery with larger capacity (2 Ah,
2.7 Ah, 3.4 Ah, . . . ) at the expense of weight increase.
Configuration Time
Aetos and DAQU 37 min
Aetos, DAQU, Digi TBD
Table 1: Backup times achieved on a full 1.2 Ah battery at 22◦C. All instru-
ments running at 100% brightness.
Reducing the LCD brightness level significantly increases backup times.
4 GNSS Antenna Installation
The GNSS system in Aetos consists of two parts: the GNSS module and GNSS
antenna. The module is an integral part of the AD-AHRS-GNSS device, which
is built in the Aetos and the antenna cable connects to the back side of the
Aetos.
Standard SMA male connector is used on the antenna coaxial 50 Ω cable to
connected to the Aetos, Figure 12.
For the most reliable performance, the antenna requires a clear view of the sky.
The supplied antenna shall be mounted inside the cockpit on a place, which
will give the best 360◦view of the sky. Top of the instrument panel, below the
windscreen is a typical place. Try to meet the following recommendations:
2Elapsed time when equipment is running solely on the power from backup battery.
20 © Kanardia 2019–2020