MIDI Boutique mkc64x User manual

mkc64x MIDI keyboard encoder
* user’s guide *
1. Purpose
mkc64x is a small electronic unit, designed for retrofitting old
mechanical keyboard instruments like pianos, organs etc. turning them
into standard MIDI keyboard controllers capable to control external MIDI
sound modules (expanders, synthesizers etc.) or P MIDI software.
During play mkc64x transmits NoteOn, NoteOff, AllNotesOff,
ProgramChange and BankChange MIDI messages, depending on settings. See
Table 1 for details about settings.
2. Connecting
The full wiring diagram is shown in Appendix A.
This unit expects the keyboard to be arranged in scanmatrix, where
key contacts are grouped in up to 8 groups, each of 8 contacts. This
arrangement allows minimizing the wiring between the encoder unit and
keyboard, but requires diode per key contact.
The unit can work alternatively with standard MIDI gear connected
thru DIN5 connector or with P connected thru Game/MIDI DSUB15 connector
but never both!
•Connecting to standard MIDI gear
The unit can be used for controlling standalone MIDI synthesizers
as well as various MIDI-controllable devices, providing that they have
standard MIDI input. The connection between mkc64x and the listening
device must go thru standard MIDI cable that has DIN5 male connectors
from both sides. In this case the unit needs powering from power supply
adapter capable to source 50 mA A /D at 9-12 V. The connection between
ythe unit and the power supply adaptor goes thru 0.1” co-axial connector
on board. Any power supply adaptor capable to supply 50mA A / D or ore at
9-12V can be used for powerin this unit. In case of direct current (D )
adaptor the polarity does not matter as there is on-board diode bridge
that takes care boput polarity.
•Connecting to PC
For connecting to P , simple conversion cable is necessary
(schematic shown on wiring diagram) that has HU5 (5 pin) header from one
side and DSUP15 male connector from the other. This cable is not included
in package and could be additionally purchased. In this case no power
supply is necessary as the unit is port-powered. Moreover, using external
power supply while the unit is connected to PC GA E/ IDI port could
damage the PC sound card and the unit itself!
•pecial functions
The first 16 contacts (keys) have second function that may be
accessed only in ‘Program’ mode (Table 2). The unit is in ‘Program’ mode
while ‘Program’ button is depressed and held down.
3. Using mkc64x.
Once mkc64x is installed in your keyboard, it is turned into
standard MIDI keyboard controller. Table 1 shows the default parameter
values set by manufacturer. Each of them can be changed using special
keyboard functions (shown in Table 2).

mkc64x © JDP’2008 MIDI Gadgets Boutique Inc.2
Table 1. Initial preset of main parameters
Parameter Initial value Changeable by user/
Memorized
MIDI Channel 1 (physically 0) Yes/Yes
tarting Octave 4 Yes/Yes
tarting Note 36 ( - Do) Yes/Yes
Velocity 127 (maximal) Yes/Yes
AllNotesOff message Disabled Yes/Yes
NoteOff message Enabled Yes/Yes
MIDI Program 0 Yes/No
MIDI Bank 0 Yes/No
The first 16 keys (scanpoints) on the keyboard have second function
that is accessible while ‘Program’ button is On. In other words you
should press ‘Program’ button, hold it down then press proper key on
keyboard once or more to change desired parameter.
Table 2. Second function of keys #1 - #16, accessible thru 'Program'
button
Key # Function Memori
zed Note
1MIDI hannel - 1 Yes Linear counting (no wrap around), minimal
value is 1 (physical 0).
2MIDI hannel + 1 Yes Linear counting (no wrap around), maximal
value is 16 (physical 15).
3Starting Octave – 1
(Starting Note – 12)
Yes Wrap around counting. When decreasing to 1,
the next is 11.
4Starting Octave + 1
(Starting Note + 12)
Yes Wrap around counting. When increasing to 11,
the next is 1.
5Starting Note – 1 Yes Wrap around counting. When decreasing to 0,
the next is 127.
6Starting Note + 1 Yes Wrap around counting. When increasing to 127,
the next is 0.
7Velocity – 1 Yes Linear counting (no wrap around), minimal
value is 0.
8Velocity + 1 Yes Linear counting (no wrap around), maximal
value is 127.
9AllNotesOff message
disabled
Yes AllNotesOff is not transmitted when all keys
released
10 AllNotesOff message
enabled
Yes AllNotesOff is transmitted when all keys
released
11 NoteOn, Velocity 0 is
transmitted upon key
releasing
Yes
12 NoteOff, default Velocity
is transmitted upon key
releasing
Yes
13 MIDI Program - 1 No Linear counting (no wrap around), minimal
value is 0.
14 MIDI Program + 1 No Linear counting (no wrap around), maximal
value is 127.
15 MIDI Bank - 1 No Linear counting (no wrap around), minimal
value is 0.
16 MIDI Bank + 1 No Linear counting (no wrap around), maximal
value is 127.
Although mkc64x is designed to work with non-Velocity sensitive
keyboards, MIDI standard requires Velocity value to be transmitted as a
part of NoteOn/NoteOff messages. Default Velocity value is used for this
purpose. Each time when key is depressed/released, proper MIDI
NoteOn/NoteOff message is transmitted that caries default Velocity value.
For most of MIDI patches (instruments) changing Velocity value would
affect the volume and the brightness of the generated sound.
Pressing keys #1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 in ‘Program’ mode (‘Program’ button
held down) user can change MIDI channel, Starting Octave, Starting Note
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mkc64x © JDP’2008 MIDI Gadgets Boutique Inc.3
and default Velocity, thus presetting his keyboard to desired initial
status. This status becomes permanent until next change.
Some of the cheaper sound modules sometimes ‘forget’ to stop
playing note when proper key is released. For more reliable work with
these devices mkc64x supports ability to generate AllNotesOff message
every time when last key has been released. This feature can be
activated/deactivated using keys #9 and #10 while ‘Program’ button is
pressed.
Some of standard MIDI devices preferably work with NoteOn at
Velocity = 0 instead of NoteOff messages. This allows taking advantages
of so called Running status. Although mkc64x does not transmit Running
status messages it supports both modes of transmitting NoteOff messages:
standard NoteOff at default Velocity and NoteOn at Velocity = 0. User can
switch these features pressing keys #11 and #12 while ‘Program’ button is
down.
MIDI Program and MIDI Bank can be changed during playing using keys
#13,14,15,16 in combination with ‘Program’ button. These settings are not
memorized and are reset to 0 each time when mkc64x is powered on. In
contrast, all other parameters, set by user are memorized in internal
Flash memory and used until next change. Flash memory is non-volatile and
keeps its content even when mkc64x is powered off.
Notes:
•There is no parameters combination, set using ‘Program’ button,
that could damage neither the unit nor the external IDI
device.
•In some cases (for example when IDI channel has been changed),
the external IDI device may stop responding to key pressing.
•The unit can be reset back to factory settings by holding
‘ rogram’ button ON upon powering.
•This unit is compatible to our standard interface boards and can
be ordered in bundle with any of them. See our site for details
about bundles.
4. Technical parameters.
The most important technical parameters of mkx64x are listed in Table 3.
Table 3. Technical parameters
Parameter Value Un
it Comment
Power supply voltage 9-12 A /D V
Power supply current <100 mA
Max. number of
scanned contacts
64 -64 scanpoints in scanmatrix
arrangement on 2x8 pin header
Scanrate >500 S-1 Each contact is being scanned
500 times per second or faster
MIDI messages
NoteOn/ NoteOff/
AllNotesOff/
Program hange
-Some user-selectable (see Table
2)
MIDI note range full MIDI note
range - See Table 2
Velocity 0-127 - User-selectable (see Table 2)
MIDI channels 1 – 16 - User-selectable (see Table 2)
Size 6.0 x 5.0 cm Approx. 2.4” x 2.0”
Weight 23 g Approx. 0.8 oz
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mkc64x © JDP’2008 MIDI Gadgets Boutique Inc.4
Appendix A: mkc64x wiring diagram
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