Netscape NETSCAPE ENTREPRISE SERVER 6.1 - 04-2002... Service manual

Administrator’s Guide
Netscape Enterprise Server
Version 6.1
April 2002 (Draft)

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3
Contents
AboutThisGuide ..............................................................17
What’sInThisGuide? .................................................................. 17
HowThisGuideIsOrganized ........................................................... 18
PartI:ServerBasics .................................................................. 18
PartII:UsingtheAdministrationServer ................................................ 18
PartIII:Configuring,Monitoring,andPerformanceTuning ............................... 19
PartIV:ManagingVirtualServersandServices.......................................... 20
PartV:Appendices .................................................................. 20
ConventionsUsedInThisGuide ......................................................... 20
UsingtheEnterpriseServerDocumentation ............................................... 21
Part 1 ServerBasics ........................................................ 23
Chapter 1 IntroductiontoEnterpriseServer.......................................25
EnterpriseServer....................................................................... 25
EnterpriseServerFeatures ............................................................ 26
AdministeringandManagingEnterpriseServers ........................................ 27
EnterpriseServerArchitecture ........................................................... 27
ContentEngines..................................................................... 28
ServerExtensions.................................................................... 28
RuntimeEnvironments............................................................... 29
ApplicationServices ................................................................. 29
EnterpriseServerConfiguration.......................................................... 29
EnterpriseServerComponentOptions ................................................. 30
EnterpriseServerConfigurationFiles .................................................. 30
DynamicReconfiguration ............................................................ 32
Single-ServerConfiguration .......................................................... 32
AllPlatforms..................................................................... 32

4 Netscape Enterprise Server Administrator’s Guide • April 2002 (Draft)
UNIXandLinuxPlatforms......................................................... 35
VirtualServerConfiguration .......................................................... 36
Multiple-ServerConfiguration ........................................................ 36
AdministrationServer .................................................................. 36
ServerManager ........................................................................ 37
UsingtheResourcePicker ............................................................ 38
WildcardsUsedintheResourcePicker ................................................. 39
ClassManager ......................................................................... 39
VirtualServerManager ................................................................. 40
Chapter 2 AdministeringEnterpriseServers ..................................... 41
AccessingtheAdministrationServer...................................................... 41
UNIX/LinuxPlatforms............................................................... 41
WindowsNT/Windows2000Platforms ................................................ 42
RunningMultipleServers ............................................................... 43
VirtualServers ...................................................................... 43
Installing Multiple Instances of the Server . . ............................................ 43
RemovingaServer ..................................................................... 44
MigratingaServer ..................................................................... 45
Part 2 UsingtheAdministrationServer.........................................47
Chapter 3 SettingAdministrationPreferences .................................... 49
ShuttingDowntheEnterpriseServerAdministrationServer ................................. 49
EditingListenSocketSettings............................................................ 50
ChangingtheUserAccount(UNIX/Linux) ................................................ 50
ChangingtheSuperuserSettings ......................................................... 51
AllowingMultipleAdministrators ....................................................... 52
SpecifyingLogFileOptions ............................................................. 54
ViewingLogFiles ................................................................... 54
TheAccessLogFile ............................................................... 54
TheErrorLogFile ................................................................ 55
ArchivingLogFiles.................................................................. 55
UsingCron-basedLogRotation(UNIX/Linux) ....................................... 55
ConfiguringDirectoryServices .......................................................... 56
RestrictingServerAccess................................................................ 56
ConfiguringJRE/JDKPaths ............................................................. 57
Chapter 4 ManagingUsersandGroups.......................................... 59
UsingDirectoryServicestoManageUsersandGroups...................................... 59
UnderstandingDistinguishedNames(DNs) ............................................ 60

5
UsingLDIF ......................................................................... 61
CreatingUsers......................................................................... 61
GuidelinesforCreatingUserEntries ................................................... 61
HowtoCreateaNewUserEntry ...................................................... 62
DirectoryServerUserEntries ......................................................... 63
ManagingUsers ....................................................................... 64
FindingUserInformation............................................................. 64
BuildingCustomSearchQueries.................................................... 65
EditingUserInformation ............................................................. 67
ManagingaUser’sPassword.......................................................... 68
ManagingUserLicenses.............................................................. 68
RenamingUsers..................................................................... 69
RemovingUsers..................................................................... 70
CreatingGroups ....................................................................... 70
StaticGroups ....................................................................... 71
GuidelinesforCreatingStaticGroups ............................................... 71
ToCreateaStaticGroup ........................................................... 71
DynamicGroups .................................................................... 72
HowEnterpriseServerImplementsDynamicGroups.................................. 72
GroupsCanBeStaticandDynamic ................................................. 73
DynamicGroupImpactonServerPerformance ....................................... 73
GuidelinesforCreatingDynamicGroups ............................................ 73
ToCreateaDynamicGroup........................................................ 75
ManagingGroups...................................................................... 75
FindingGroupEntries ............................................................... 76
The“Findallgroupswhose”Field .................................................. 76
EditingGroupAttributes ............................................................. 77
AddingGroupMembers ............................................................. 77
AddingGroupstotheGroupMembersList ............................................. 78
RemovingEntriesfromtheGroupMembersList ........................................ 79
ManagingOwners................................................................... 79
ManagingSeeAlsos ................................................................. 79
RemovingGroups ................................................................... 80
RenamingGroups ................................................................... 81
CreatingOrganizationalUnits ........................................................... 81
ManagingOrganizationalUnits .......................................................... 82
FindingOrganizationalUnits ......................................................... 82
The“Findallunitswhose”Field .................................................... 83
EditingOrganizationalUnitAttributes ................................................. 83
RenamingOrganizationalUnits ....................................................... 84
DeletingOrganizationalUnits......................................................... 84
ManagingaPreferredLanguageList...................................................... 85

6 Netscape Enterprise Server Administrator’s Guide • April 2002 (Draft)
Chapter 5 SecuringYourEnterpriseServer ...................................... 87
RequiringAuthentication ............................................................... 88
UsingCertificatesforAuthentication................................................... 88
ServerAuthentication ............................................................. 88
ClientAuthentication.............................................................. 88
VirtualServerCertificates.......................................................... 89
CreatingaTrustDatabase ............................................................... 89
CreatingaTrustDatabase.......................................................... 89
Usingpassword.conf................................................................. 90
StartanSSL-enabledServerAutomatically ........................................... 91
Requesting and Installing a VeriSign Certificate ............................................ 91
RequestingaVeriSignCertificate ...................................................... 91
Installing a VeriSign Certificate . . . . . ................................................... 92
Requesting and Installing Other Server Certificates . ........................................ 92
RequiredCAInformation............................................................. 93
RequestingOtherServerCertificates ................................................... 94
Installing Other Server Certificates . . ................................................... 96
Installing a Certificate . . . .......................................................... 97
MigratingCertificatesWhenYouUpgrade ................................................ 99
MigratingaCertificate............................................................. 99
UsingtheBuilt-inRootCertificateModule ............................................. 100
ManagingCertificates ................................................................. 100
Installing and Managing CRLs and CKLs . . . . . . ........................................... 102
Installing a Local CRL or CKL . . . . . . .................................................. 102
ManagingLocalCRLsandCKLs ..................................................... 103
ConfiguringRemoteCRLs.............................................................. 104
ConfiguringAutomatic/RemoteCRLDownloads ...................................... 104
ReducingtheSSL3/TLSSessionCacheTimeout ..................................... 107
SettingSecurityPreferences ............................................................ 108
SSLandTLSProtocols .............................................................. 109
UsingSSLtoCommunicatewithLDAP ............................................... 109
EnablingSecurityforConnectionGroups .............................................. 110
TurningSecurityOn ............................................................. 110
SelectingaServerCertificateforaConnectionGroup ................................. 111
SelectingCiphers ................................................................ 112
ConfiguringSecurityGlobally........................................................ 114
SSLSessionTimeout .............................................................. 115
SSLCacheEntries................................................................. 115
SSL3SessionTimeout ............................................................. 115
UsingExternalEncryptionModules ..................................................... 115
Installing the PKCS#11 Module . . . . . .................................................. 116
UsingmodutiltoInstallaPKCS#11Module ......................................... 116
Usingpk12util................................................................... 117

7
SelectingtheCertificateNameforaConnectionGroup ............................... 119
FIPS-140Standard .................................................................. 120
SettingClientSecurityRequirements .................................................... 121
RequiringClientAuthentication ...................................................... 122
ToRequireClientAuthentication .................................................. 123
MappingClientCertificatestoLDAP.................................................. 123
Usingthecertmap.confFile .......................................................... 125
CreatingCustomProperties ....................................................... 128
SampleMappings................................................................ 128
SettingStrongerCiphers ............................................................... 130
ConsideringAdditionalSecurityIssues .................................................. 131
LimitPhysicalAccess ............................................................... 132
LimitAdministrationAccess ......................................................... 132
ChoosingPasswords................................................................ 132
CreatingHard-to-CrackPasswords................................................. 133
ChangingPasswordsorPINs ........................................................ 133
ChangingPasswords ............................................................. 133
LimitingOtherApplicationsontheServer ............................................. 134
UNIX/Linux .................................................................... 134
Windows NT/Windows 2000 . . ................................................... 135
PreventingClientsfromCachingSSLFiles............................................. 135
LimitingPorts...................................................................... 135
KnowingYourServer’sLimits ....................................................... 135
MakingAdditionalChangestoProtectServers ......................................... 136
SpecifyingchrootforaVirtualServerClassCGIs(UNIX/LinuxOnly) .................. 137
SpecifyingchrootforaVirtualServerCGIs(UNIX/Linuxonly) ........................ 137
Chapter 6 ManagingServerClusters............................................139
AboutClusters........................................................................ 139
GuidelinesforUsingServerClusters..................................................... 140
SettingUpaCluster ................................................................... 141
AddingaServertoaCluster............................................................ 142
ModifyingServerInformation .......................................................... 143
RemovingServersfromaCluster........................................................ 144
Controlling Server Clusters . . . .......................................................... 144
AddingVariables ..................................................................... 145
Part 3 Configuring,Monitoring,andPerformanceTuning ........................ 147
Chapter 7 ConfiguringServerPreferences.......................................149
StartingandStoppingtheServer ........................................................ 149

8 Netscape Enterprise Server Administrator’s Guide • April 2002 (Draft)
SettingtheTerminationTimeout ..................................................... 150
RestartingtheServer(UNIX/Linux) .................................................. 151
RestartingWithInittab(UNIX/Linux) .............................................. 151
RestartingWiththeSystemRCScripts(UNIX/Linux) ................................ 151
RestartingtheServerManually(UNIX/Linux)....................................... 152
StoppingtheServerManually(UNIX/Linux)........................................ 152
RestartingtheServer(WindowsNT/Windows2000).................................... 152
UsingtheAutomaticRestartUtility(WindowsNT/Windows2000) .................... 153
TuningYourServerforPerformance..................................................... 154
Editingthemagnus.confFile............................................................ 155
AddingandEditingListenSockets ...................................................... 156
ChoosingMIMETypes ................................................................ 156
RestrictingAccess ..................................................................... 157
RestoringConfigurationSettings ........................................................ 157
ConfiguringtheFileCache ............................................................. 158
AddingandUsingThreadPools ........................................................ 158
The Native Thread Pool and Generic Thread Pools (Windows NT/Windows 2000) .......... 158
ThreadPools(UNIX/Linux) ......................................................... 159
EditingThreadPools................................................................ 159
UsingThreadPools ................................................................. 159
Chapter 8 Controlling Access to Your Server . . . ................................. 161
WhatIsAccessControl? ............................................................... 161
SettingAccessControlforUser-Group ................................................ 162
DefaultAuthentication ........................................................... 163
BasicAuthentication ............................................................. 163
SSLAuthentication............................................................... 164
DigestAuthentication ............................................................ 165
UsingOtherLDAPAttributesforAuthentication .................................... 168
OtherAuthentication............................................................. 169
SettingAccessControlforHost-IP .................................................... 169
UsingAccessControlFiles........................................................... 170
ConfiguringtheACLUserCache..................................................... 170
HowAccessControlWorks ............................................................ 171
SettingAccessControl ................................................................. 173
SettingAccessControlGlobally ...................................................... 174
SettingAccessControlforaServerInstance............................................ 178
SelectingAccessControlOptions........................................................ 183
SettingtheAction .................................................................. 183
SpecifyingUsersandGroups ........................................................ 183
SpecifyingtheFromHost............................................................ 185
RestrictingAccesstoPrograms ....................................................... 186
SettingAccessRights ............................................................... 187

9
WritingCustomizedExpressions ..................................................... 188
TurningOffAccessControl .......................................................... 188
RespondingWhenAccessisDenied .................................................. 189
LimitingAccesstoAreasofYourServer.................................................. 189
RestrictingAccesstotheEntireServer................................................. 190
RestrictingAccesstoaDirectory(Path)................................................ 191
RestrictingAccesstoaURI(Path)..................................................... 192
RestrictingAccesstoaFileType...................................................... 192
RestrictingAccessBasedonTimeofDay .............................................. 193
RestrictingAccessBasedonSecurity .................................................. 194
WorkingwithDynamicAccessControlFiles.............................................. 195
Using.htaccessFiles ................................................................ 195
Enabling.htaccessfromtheUserInterface........................................... 196
Enabling.htaccessfrommagnus.conf ............................................... 197
ConvertingExisting.nsconfigFilesto.htaccessFiles.................................. 198
Usinghtaccess-register ........................................................... 199
Exampleofan.htaccessFile ....................................................... 200
Supported.htaccessDirectives ....................................................... 200
allow ............................................................................. 200
deny .............................................................................. 201
AuthGroupFile..................................................................... 201
AuthUserFile ...................................................................... 201
AuthName ........................................................................ 202
AuthType ......................................................................... 202
<Limit> ........................................................................... 202
<LimitExcept> ..................................................................... 203
order ............................................................................. 203
require ............................................................................ 204
.htaccessSecurityConsiderations ..................................................... 204
Controlling Access for Virtual Servers ................................................... 204
AccessingDatabasesfromVirtualServers ............................................. 205
SpecifyingLDAPDatabasesintheUserInterface .................................... 206
EditingAccessControlListsforVirtualServers ........................................ 206
Chapter 9 UsingLogFiles ....................................................209
AboutLogFiles ....................................................................... 209
ViewinganAccessLogFile............................................................. 210
ViewingtheErrorLogFile ............................................................. 211
ArchivingLogFiles ................................................................... 212
Internal-daemonLogRotation ....................................................... 213
Cron-basedLogRotation ............................................................ 213
SettingLogPreferences ................................................................ 214
CookieLogging .................................................................... 215

10 Netscape Enterprise Server Administrator’s Guide • April 2002 (Draft)
RunningtheLogAnalyzer ............................................................. 216
ViewingEvents(WindowsNT/Windows2000) ........................................... 218
Chapter 10 MonitoringServers................................................ 219
MonitoringtheServerUsingStatistics ................................................... 220
EnablingStatistics .................................................................. 220
UsingStatistics..................................................................... 221
UsingQualityofService ............................................................... 221
QualityofServiceExample .......................................................... 222
SettingUpQualityofService......................................................... 223
RequiredChangestoobj.conf ........................................................ 225
KnownLimitationstoQualityofService............................................... 225
SNMPBasics ......................................................................... 227
TheEnterpriseServerMIB ............................................................. 228
SettingUpSNMP ..................................................................... 233
UsingaProxySNMPAgent(UNIX/Linux)............................................... 234
Installing the Proxy SNMP Agent . . . .................................................. 235
StartingtheProxySNMPAgent ...................................................... 236
RestartingtheNativeSNMPDaemon ................................................. 236
Installing the SNMP Master Agent . . . . .................................................. 236
EnablingandStartingtheSNMPMasterAgent ........................................... 237
StartingtheMasterAgentonAnotherPort............................................. 238
ManuallyConfiguringtheSNMPMasterAgent ........................................ 238
EditingtheMasterAgentCONFIGFile................................................ 239
DefiningsysContactandsysLocationVariables......................................... 239
ConfiguringtheSNMPSubagent ..................................................... 240
StartingtheSNMPMasterAgent ..................................................... 240
ManuallyStartingtheSNMPMasterAgent ......................................... 240
StartingtheSNMPMasterAgentUsingtheAdministrationServer ..................... 241
ConfiguringtheSNMPMasterAgent .................................................... 241
ConfiguringtheCommunityString ................................................... 242
ConfiguringTrapDestinations ....................................................... 242
EnablingtheSubagent ................................................................. 242
UnderstandingSNMPMessages ........................................................ 243
Part 4 ManagingVirtualServersandServices ..................................245
Chapter 11 UsingVirtualServers.............................................. 247
VirtualServersOverview .............................................................. 247
MultipleServerInstances............................................................ 248
VirtualServerClasses............................................................... 249

11
Theobj.confFile ................................................................. 249
VirtualServersinaClass ......................................................... 250
TheDefaultClass ................................................................ 250
ListenSockets...................................................................... 250
ConnectionGroups ................................................................. 251
VirtualServers ..................................................................... 251
TypesofVirtualServers .......................................................... 252
IP-Address-BasedVirtualServers .................................................. 252
URL-Host-BasedVirtualServers ................................................... 253
DefaultVirtualServer ............................................................ 253
VirtualServerSelectionforRequestProcessing......................................... 254
DocumentRoot .................................................................... 255
LogFiles .......................................................................... 255
MigratingVirtualServersfromaPreviousRelease...................................... 256
UsingEnterpriseServerFeatureswithVirtualServers ..................................... 256
UsingSSLwithVirtualServers ....................................................... 256
UsingAccessControlwithVirtualServers ............................................. 257
UsingCGIswithVirtualServers...................................................... 257
UsingConfigurationStyleswithVirtualServers ........................................ 257
UsingtheVirtualServerUserInterface................................................... 258
TheClassManager ................................................................. 258
TheVirtualServerManager.......................................................... 258
UsingVariables .................................................................... 259
DynamicReconfiguration ........................................................... 259
SettingUpVirtualServers.............................................................. 260
CreatingaListenSocket ............................................................. 260
CreatingaConnectionGroup ........................................................ 261
CreatingaVirtualServerClass ....................................................... 262
EditingorDeletingaVirtualServerClass.............................................. 262
SpecifyingServicesAssociatedwithaVirtualServerClass ............................... 263
CreatingaVirtualServer ............................................................ 263
SpecifyingSettingsAssociatedwithaVirtualServer .................................... 263
AllowingUserstoMonitorIndividualVirtualServers ..................................... 263
AccessControl ..................................................................... 266
LogFiles .......................................................................... 266
DeployingVirtualServers .............................................................. 267
Example1:DefaultConfiguration .................................................... 267
Example2:SecureServer ............................................................ 269
Example3:IntranetHosting ......................................................... 270
Example4:MassHosting............................................................ 273
Chapter 12 CreatingandConfiguringVirtualServers ..............................275
CreatingaVirtualServer ............................................................... 275

12 Netscape Enterprise Server Administrator’s Guide • April 2002 (Draft)
EditingVirtualServerSettings .......................................................... 276
EditingUsingtheVirtualServerManager ................................................ 276
GeneratingReportsforaVirtualServer................................................ 277
EditingUsingtheClassManager........................................................ 279
EditingVirtualServerSettings ....................................................... 279
ConfiguringVirtualServerMIMESettings............................................. 280
ConfiguringVirtualServerACLSettings .............................................. 280
ConfiguringVirtualServerSecurity................................................... 280
ConfiguringVirtualServerQualityofServiceSettings................................... 281
ConfiguringVirtualServerLogSettings ............................................... 282
ConfiguringVirtualServerJavaWebApplicationSettings ............................... 283
DeletingaVirtualServer ............................................................... 283
Chapter 13 ExtendingYourServerWithPrograms ............................... 285
OverviewofServer-SidePrograms ...................................................... 285
TypesofServer-SideApplicationsThatRunontheServer ............................... 286
HowServer-SideApplicationsAreInstalledontheServer ............................... 286
JavaServletsandJavaServerPages(JSP) ................................................. 286
OverviewofServletsandJavaServerPages ............................................ 287
WhattheServerNeedstoRunServletsandJSPs........................................ 288
WorkingwithWebApplications ..................................................... 289
Usingtheweb-apps.xmlFile ...................................................... 289
DeployingWebApplicationsUsingwdeploy ........................................ 289
DeployingandEditingWebApplicationswiththeUserInterface ...................... 292
DeployingServletsandJSPsNotinWebApplications................................... 294
ConfiguringJVMAttributes ......................................................... 294
DeletingVersionFiles............................................................... 294
Installing CGI Programs . . ............................................................. 295
OverviewofCGI ................................................................... 296
SpecifyingaCGIDirectory .......................................................... 298
ConfiguringUniqueCGIAttributesforEachSoftwareVirtualServer ................... 298
SpecifyingCGIasaFileType ........................................................ 299
DownloadingExecutableFiles ....................................................... 299
Installing Windows NT/Windows 2000 CGI Programs . . . . . ................................ 300
OverviewofWindowsNT/Windows2000CGIPrograms ............................... 300
Specifying a Windows NT/Windows 2000 CGI Directory ................................ 301
SpecifyingWindowsNT/Windows2000CGIasaFileType.............................. 303
Installing Shell CGI Programs for Windows NT/Windows 2000 . ............................ 303
OverviewofShellCGIProgramsforWindowsNT/Windows2000 ....................... 304
Specifying a Shell CGI Directory (Windows NT/Windows 2000) . . . . . ..................... 304
SpecifyingShellCGIasaFileType(WindowsNT/Windows2000) ....................... 305
UsingtheQueryHandler .............................................................. 306

13
Chapter 14 ContentManagement...............................................309
SettingthePrimaryDocumentDirectory ................................................. 310
SettingAdditionalDocumentDirectories................................................. 311
CustomizingUserPublicInformationDirectories(UNIX/Linux) ............................ 312
RestrictingContentPublication....................................................... 313
LoadingtheEntirePasswordFileonStartup ........................................... 313
UsingConfigurationStyles .......................................................... 314
EnablingRemoteFileManipulation ..................................................... 314
ConfiguringDocumentPreferences...................................................... 314
SettingtheDocumentPreferences .................................................... 315
EnteringanIndexFilename .......................................................... 315
SelectingDirectoryIndexing ......................................................... 315
SpecifyingaServerHomePage....................................................... 316
SpecifyingaDefaultMIMEType ..................................................... 316
ParsingtheAcceptLanguageHeader ................................................. 317
ConfiguringURLForwarding .......................................................... 317
CustomizingErrorResponses........................................................... 318
ChangingtheCharacterSet............................................................. 319
SettingtheDocumentFooter............................................................ 320
Using.htaccess ....................................................................... 321
RestrictingSymbolicLinks(UNIX/Linux)................................................ 321
SettingupServer-ParsedHTML......................................................... 322
SettingCacheControlDirectives ........................................................ 323
UsingStrongerCiphers ................................................................ 323
Chapter 15 ApplyingConfigurationStyles .......................................325
CreatingaConfigurationStyle .......................................................... 325
AssigningaConfigurationStyle......................................................... 327
ListingConfigurationStyleAssignments ................................................. 328
EditingaConfigurationStyle ........................................................... 328
RemovingaConfigurationStyle ........................................................ 329
Part 5 Appendices......................................................... 331
Appendix A CommandLineUtilities ............................................333
FormattingLDIFEntries ............................................................... 333
ModifyingDatabaseEntriesUsingldapmodify ......................................... 333
HttpServerAdmin(VirtualServerAdministration) ........................................ 334
HttpServerAdminSyntax............................................................ 334
controlCommand .................................................................. 335
Options......................................................................... 335

14 Netscape Enterprise Server Administrator’s Guide • April 2002 (Draft)
Syntax.......................................................................... 336
Parameters...................................................................... 336
Examples ....................................................................... 336
createCommand ................................................................... 336
Options......................................................................... 337
CreateVirtualServerClass........................................................ 337
CreateConnectionGroup ......................................................... 338
CreateListenSocket.............................................................. 338
CreateVirtualServer ............................................................. 339
deleteCommand ................................................................... 341
Options......................................................................... 341
DeleteClass ..................................................................... 341
DeleteConnectionGroup ......................................................... 342
DeleteListenSocket .............................................................. 342
DeleteVirtualServer ............................................................. 343
listCommand...................................................................... 343
Syntax.......................................................................... 343
Options......................................................................... 344
Example ........................................................................ 344
Appendix B HyperTextTransferProtocol ....................................... 345
AboutHyperTextTransferProtocol(HTTP) .............................................. 345
Requests ............................................................................. 346
RequestMethod.................................................................... 346
RequestHeader .................................................................... 347
RequestData....................................................................... 347
Responses............................................................................ 347
StatusCode........................................................................ 348
ResponseHeader ................................................................... 349
ResponseData ..................................................................... 349
Appendix C ACLFileSyntax.................................................. 351
ACLFileSyntax....................................................................... 351
AuthenticationMethods............................................................. 352
AuthorizationStatements............................................................ 353
HierarchyofAuthorizationStatements ............................................. 354
AttributeExpressions ............................................................ 355
OperatorsForExpressions ........................................................ 356
TheDefaultACLFile ............................................................... 357
GeneralSyntaxItems............................................................. 357
ReferencingACLsinobj.conf ........................................................... 357

15
Appendix D InternationalContentSupport.......................................359
EnteringUTF-8Data ................................................................ 359
FileorDirectoryNames .......................................................... 359
LDAPUsersandGroups.......................................................... 359
UsingtheAccept-languageHeader ................................................... 360
SearchInformation .................................................................... 361
InternationalSearch ................................................................ 361
SearchinginJapanese ............................................................... 361
QueryOperators................................................................. 361
DocumentFormats............................................................... 362
SearchinginJapanese ............................................................ 363
ServletInternationalization............................................................. 363
auto .............................................................................. 364
none .............................................................................. 365
anyvalidencoding ................................................................. 365
PostingtoJSPs........................................................................ 365
Glossary .....................................................................367
Index........................................................................379

16 Netscape Enterprise Server Administrator’s Guide • April 2002 (Draft)

17
About This Guide
This guide describes how to configure and administer Netscape® Enterprise
Server, Version 6.1. It is intended for information technology administrators in the
corporate enterprise who want to extend client-server applications to a broader
audience through the World Wide Web.
This preface includes the following sections:
• What’sInThisGuide?
• How This Guide Is Organized
• Conventions Used In This Guide
• Using the Enterprise Server Documentation
What’s In This Guide?
This guide explains how to configure and administer the Enterprise Server. After
configuring your server, use this guide to help maintain your server.
After you install the server, this guide is available in HTML format at
manual/https/ag in your server root directory. By default, the server root
directory is C:\Netscape\Server6\ or /usr/netscape/server6.

How This Guide Is Organized
18 Netscape Enterprise Server Administrator’s Guide • April 2002 (Draft)
How This Guide Is Organized
This guide is divided into five parts, plus a glossary, and a comprehensive index. If
you are new to Netscape Enterprise Server 6.1, begin with Part I, “Server Basics”
for an overview of the product. If you are already familiar with this version of
Enterprise Server, skim the material in Part I, “Server Basics” before going on to
Part II, “Using the Administration Server.”
Once you are familiar with the fundamentals of using the Administration Server,
you can refer to Part III, “Configuring, Monitoring, and Performance Tuning,”
which includes examples of how to configure and monitor your Enterprise Servers.
Part IV, “Managing Virtual Servers and Services” provides information for using
programs and configuration styles.
Finally, Appendices address specific reference topics that describe the various
topics, including: HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP), server configuration files,
ACL files, internationalization issues, server extensions, and the Netscape
Enterprise Server user interface reference, which you may want to review. Note
that the user interface appendix is available in the online version only.
Part I: Server Basics
This part provides an overview of the Enterprise Server. The following chapters are
included:
• Chapter 1, “Introduction to Enterprise Server” provides an overview of
Enterprise Server.
• Chapter 2, “Administering Enterprise Servers” describes how to manage your
Enterprise Server with the Administration Server.
Part II: Using the Administration Server
This part provides conceptual and procedural details about using the
Administration Server to administer your Enterprise Servers. The following
chapters are included:
• Chapter 3, “Setting Administration Preferences” describes how to use the
Administration Server Preferences and Global Settings forms to configure your
Enterprise Servers.

How This Guide Is Organized
About This Guide 19
• Chapter 4, “Managing Users and Groups” describes how to how to use the
Administration Server Users and Groups forms to configure your Enterprise
Servers.
• Chapter 5, “Securing Your Enterprise Server” describes how to configure your
Enterprise Server security. Note that before reading this chapter you should be
familiar with the basic concepts of public-key cryptography and the SSL
protocol. These concepts include encryption and decryption; keys; digital
certificates and signatures; CRLs and CKLs; and SSL encryption, ciphers, and
the major steps of the SSL handshake.
• Chapter 6, “Managing Server Clusters” describes the concept of clustering
servers and explains how you can use them to share configurations among
servers.
Part III: Configuring, Monitoring, and
Performance Tuning
This part includes examples of how to use the Server Manager to configure and
monitor your Enterprise Servers. The following chapters are included:
• Chapter 7, “Configuring Server Preferences” describes how to configure server
preferences for your Enterprise Server.
• Chapter 8, “Controlling Access to Your Server” describes how to specify who
can access parts of your server.
• Chapter 9, “Using Log Files” describes how to monitor your Enterprise Server
using the HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP), by recording and viewing log
files, or by using the performance monitoring tools provided with your
operating system.
• Chapter 10, “Monitoring Servers” describes how to monitor your Enterprise
Server using SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol).
• Chapter 11, “Tuning Your Server for Performance” refers you to the Netscape
Enterprise Server Performance Tuning, Sizing, and Scaling Guide.
• Chapter 11, “Using Search” describes how to search the contents and attributes
of documents on the server. In addition, this chapter describes how to create a
customized text search interface that’s tailored to your user community.

Conventions Used In This Guide
20 Netscape Enterprise Server Administrator’s Guide • April 2002 (Draft)
Part IV: Managing Virtual Servers and Services
This part provides information for using the Server Manager to programs and
configuration styles. The following chapters are included:
• Chapter 11, “Using Virtual Servers” describes how to set up and administer
virtual servers using your Enterprise Server.
• Chapter 12, “Creating and Configuring Virtual Servers” describes how you can
create and configure individual virtual servers.
• Chapter 13, “Extending Your Server With Programs” describes how to install
Java™ applets, CGI programs, and other plug-ins onto your server.
• Chapter 14, “Content Management” describes how you can configure and
manage your server’s content.
• Chapter 15, “Applying Configuration Styles” describes how to use
configuration styles with Enterprise Server.
Part V: Appendices
This section includes various appendices with reference material that you may
wish to review. This section includes the following appendices:
• Appendix A, “Command Line Utilities” provides instructions for using
command line utilities in place of the user interface screens.
• Appendix B, “HyperText Transfer Protocol” provides a short introduction to a
few HTTP basic concepts.
• Appendix C, “ACL File Syntax” describes the access-control list (ACL) files
and their syntax.
•
In addition, a glossary is included to define frequently used terms that may be
unfamiliar to Enterprise Server administrators.
Conventions Used In This Guide
The conventions used in this guide are as follows:
Italic