PiModules UPS PIco HV3.0 HAT User manual

UPS PIco HV3.0 HAT
Versions Stack/TopEnd/Plus/PPoE
Uninterruptible Power Supply with Peripherals
and I2C control Interface
User Guide
Designed for the Raspberry Pi® 3
Compatible with
Raspberry Pi® 2, Pi Zero, A+, B+,
HAT Compliant
“Raspberry Pi” is a trademark of the Raspberry Pi® Foundation

UPS PIco HV3.0A Firmware Code 040 Print Date 18.08.2017
Designed and Manufactured by PiModules and ModMyPi
www.pimodules.com www.modmypi.com
Document Revisions
Version
Date
Modified Sections
Comments
na
06/11/2016
na
First Preliminary Public Document Release
1.0
07/06/2017
all
Public Document Release
Table 1 Document Revisions

UPS PIco HV3.0A Firmware Code 040 Print Date 18.08.2017
Designed and Manufactured by PiModules and ModMyPi
www.pimodules.com www.modmypi.com
Table of Contents
DOCUMENT REVISIONS......................................................................................................................1
UNLOCKED FIRMWARE FEATURES .....................................................................................................5
FIRMWARE AND MANUAL FIXES/ADD ON .........................................................................................6
SYSTEM OVERVIEW.......................................................................................................................... 10
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................10
UPS PICO HV3.0 ADD-ON EQUIPMENT .....................................................................................................13
UPS PICO HV3.0 MODELS ......................................................................................................................14
UPS PICO 3.0 HAT CORE FEATURES..........................................................................................................15
UPS PICO 3.0 HAT TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS...........................................................................................18
SETTING UP PROCEDURE.................................................................................................................. 22
WHAT IS IN THE BOX?.............................................................................................................................22
HARDWARE SETUP FOR THE UPS PICO HV3.0 HAT STACK/TOPEND/PLUS .......................................................23
Hardware Interfacing/Interaction with Raspberry Pi® ..................................................................26
Assembly of the THT 40 Pins (2x20) connector ..............................................................................28
Assembly of the FAN Kit.................................................................................................................32
Assembly of the Buzzer (Sounder)..................................................................................................39
Assembly of the Gold-Plated Hardware Reset Pin (POGO Pin) ......................................................41
Assembly of the Bi-Stable Relay.....................................................................................................47
Power Supply Unit Recommendations ...........................................................................................52
SOFTWARE SETUP FOR UPS PICO HV30 STACK/TOPEND/PLUS ......................................................................53
Installation of the Operating System (Raspbian) ...........................................................................53
Installation Procedure of Daemons and email broadcasting System ............................................53
Installation Procedure of the UPS PIco HV3.0 Hardware RTC ........................................................56
Automatic Installation Scripts........................................................................................................57
BOOTLOADER FEATURE –KEEP THE SYSTEM UP TO DATE .................................................................................58
Firmware updates Procedure of the UPS PIco HV3.0 (on RPi3) .....................................................59
Serial Port disable Procedure .........................................................................................................59
Automatic Bootloader Initiation ....................................................................................................60
Manual Bootloader Initiation ........................................................................................................61
Post-Firmware Update procedure..................................................................................................62
USING THE UPS PICO HV3.0 HAT ...................................................................................................... 63
RUNNING THE SYSTEM FOR THE FIRST TIME ..................................................................................................63
SYSTEM FUNCTIONALITY AND FEATURES ......................................................................................................64
SYSTEM COLD START,WARM START,DEFAULT START,AND UPS LEDS BEHAVIORS.............................................65
Cold Start .......................................................................................................................................65
Warm Start ....................................................................................................................................65
Default Start ..................................................................................................................................65
BATTERY POWERING PROTECTION..............................................................................................................66
POWERING MODES .................................................................................................................................66
Example of use...............................................................................................................................67
UPS PICO HV3.0 HAT LOW POWERING FUNCTIONALITY –POWER CYCLING .....................................................67
Raspberry Pi® Shutdown Scenarios................................................................................................67

UPS PIco HV3.0A Firmware Code 040 Print Date 18.08.2017
Designed and Manufactured by PiModules and ModMyPi
www.pimodules.com www.modmypi.com
“PICO IS RUNNING”FEATURE....................................................................................................................67
Example of use...............................................................................................................................68
USER SELECTABLE PICO HV3.0 I2C ADDRESSES ............................................................................................68
Example of use –System is in DEFAULT addresses ........................................................................69
Example of use –System is in ALTERNATE addresses ....................................................................69
SUDO I2CSET -Y 10X5B 0X00 0XA0 SET THE SYSTEM TO DEFAULT MODE .......................................................69
UPS PICO HV3.0 HAT STILL ALIVE (STA) FUNCTIONALITY ............................................................................69
Example of use...............................................................................................................................70
UPS PICO HV3.0 HAT USER APPLICATIONS HARDWARE INTERFACES ............................................... 70
UPS PICO HV3.0 HAT LEDS...................................................................................................................72
Example of use...............................................................................................................................73
UPS PICO HV3.0 ABUTTONS ..................................................................................................................74
USER BUTTONS (KEYS).............................................................................................................................76
Example of use...............................................................................................................................77
UPS PICO HV3.0 HAT SOUND GENERATION SYSTEM ...................................................................................78
Example of use...............................................................................................................................78
UPS PICO HV3.0 BI STABLE RELAY............................................................................................................80
Bi Stable Relay Basic Technical Specifications ...............................................................................80
Example of use...............................................................................................................................82
UPS PICO HV3.0 HAT IR RECEIVER INTERFACE ...........................................................................................83
UPS PICO HV3.0 HAT PROGRAMMABLE AUXILIARY 5V@750 MAAND 3.3V@150 MAINTERFACE....................83
Example of use...............................................................................................................................83
UPS PICO HV3.0 SERIAL PORT(S) .............................................................................................................85
Example of use...............................................................................................................................85
UPS PICO HV3.0 FAN CONTROL (ACTIVE COOLING SYSTEM) ........................................................................86
Example of use –Manual FAN ON/OFF .........................................................................................87
Example of use –Automatic FAN ON/OFF .....................................................................................87
UPS PICO HV3.0 BATTERY TYPE SELECTION................................................................................................87
0x6B -> UPS PIco Module Commands ............................................................................................88
Example of use...............................................................................................................................89
UPS PICO HV3.0 HAT MEASURING AND MONITORING SYSTEM ....................................................... 89
POWERING MODE..................................................................................................................................90
BATTERY LEVEL.......................................................................................................................................91
RASPBERRY PI®GPIO 5V LEVEL ...............................................................................................................92
EXTERNAL POWERING LEVEL .....................................................................................................................92
UPS PICO HV3.0 12-BIT A/D CONVERTERS ................................................................................................92
Example of use...............................................................................................................................95
Registers Located at 0x69 I2C address related to A/D readings ....................................................95
Registers Located at 0x6B I2C address related to A/D settings .....................................................95
EMBEDDED NTC TEMPERATURE.................................................................................................................96
TO-92 SENSOR TEMPERATURE..................................................................................................................96
INTEGRATED CHARGER STATUS ..................................................................................................................96
UPS PICO HV3.0 SYSTEM TIME SCHEDULERS ....................................................................................97
BASIC SCHEDULER ...................................................................................................................................98
BS Definitions .................................................................................................................................98
Basic Scheduler Involved PICo Registers/Sets ................................................................................99

UPS PIco HV3.0A Firmware Code 040 Print Date 18.08.2017
Designed and Manufactured by PiModules and ModMyPi
www.pimodules.com www.modmypi.com
BS Example 1st - Simple Raspberry Pi® ON/OFF executed infinitive times for 1 minutes (ON/OFF
every minute) ...............................................................................................................................101
BS Example 2nd- Simple Raspberry Pi® ON/OFF executed 100 times for 1 minutes (ON/OFF every
minute).........................................................................................................................................102
EVENTS TRIGGERED RTC BASED SYSTEM ACTIONS SCHEDULER ......................................................................103
ETR SAS Definitions ......................................................................................................................103
ETR SAS Definitions Dependencies ...............................................................................................104
Raspberry Pi® ETR SAS Self Programming....................................................................................104
Template for ETR SAS preparation...............................................................................................105
ETR SAS Involved PICo Registers/Sets ..............................................................................................0
ETR SAS Working Examples..............................................................................................................1
Definition of the 1st Example - Simple Raspberry Pi® ON/OFF Schedule executed 1 time for 1
minutes and repeated every day .....................................................................................................2
Definition of the 2nd Example - Simple Bi-Stable Relay ON/OFF Schedule executed 1 time for 3
minutes and repeated every day. ....................................................................................................4
Definition of the 3rd Example - Simple Raspberry Pi® ON/OFF Schedule executed 60 times for 1
minute every 2 minutes and repeated every day.............................................................................6
SETTING-UP THE ETR SAS ..........................................................................................................................8
Setting Up of the 1st Example - Simple Raspberry Pi® ON/OFF Schedule executed 1 time for 1
minute and repeated every day .....................................................................................................10
Setting Up of the 2nd Example - Simple Bi-Stable Relay ON/OFF Schedule executed 1 time for 15
minutes and repeated every day. ..................................................................................................15
FACTORY DEFAULTS SETTING........................................................................................................... 18
Command Line Factory (automatic) recall.....................................................................................18
Manually Factory Defaults recall ...................................................................................................18
UPS PIco HV3.0 HAT settings on Factory Defaults recall ...............................................................18
A COMPLETE DESCRIPTION OF THE UPS PICO HV3.0 HAT PROGRAMMERS REGISTERS ....................20
THE PICO (I2C) INTERFACE -PERIPHERALS I2C CONTROL INTERFACE ................................................................20
0X69 ->UPS PICO HV3.0 MODULE STATUS REGISTERS SPECIFICATION............................................................21
0X6A -> UPS PICO HARDWARE RTC REGISTERS DIRECT ACCESS SPECIFICATION.................................................23
0X6B -> UPS PICO MODULE COMMANDS ..................................................................................................24
EVENTS TRIGGERED RTC BASED SYSTEM ACTIONS SCHEDULER COMMANDS................................... 30
0x6c -> Start Time Stamp...............................................................................................................30
0x6d -> Actions Running Time Stamp ............................................................................................30
0x6e -> Events Stamp.....................................................................................................................30
0x6f -> Actions Stamp ....................................................................................................................30
UPS PICO TERMINAL BLOCK PCB ......................................................................................................32
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................32
WHAT IS A VOLTAGE FOLLOWER? ..............................................................................................................35

UPS PIco HV3.0A Firmware Code 040 Print Date 18.08.2017
Designed and Manufactured by PiModules and ModMyPi
www.pimodules.com www.modmypi.com
Unlocked Firmware Features
Version
Date
Active Features
Initial
Initial
Interrupts driven interaction with Raspberry Pi® based on Daemons
Initial
Initial
Simple status email broadcasting system based on Daemons
Initial
Initial
Intelligent Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)
Initial
Initial
3 User defined keys handler
Initial
Initial
3 User defined LEDs handler
Initial
Initial
LiPO and LiFePO4 chemistry battery support
Initial
Initial
Automatic Battery Charger for LiPO and LiFePO4 batteries
Initial
Initial
Battery Charger Power Tracking (Only Version Plus on External Powering Input)
Initial
Initial
Integrated Hardware RTC with Battery Back-up
Initial
Initial
Automatic Files Safe Shutdown and Wake-up (when Cable Power is back)
Initial
Initial
Single button System Shutdown/Startup and ON/OFF for Battery and Cable (Only
Version Plus) Powered Applications
Initial - 0x30
Initial/15.03.2017
PWM FAN Control with automatic ON/OFF (added on 15.03.2017)
Initial
Initial
Zero Power Bi Stable Relay Control
Initial
Initial
Programmable Integrated Sounder
Initial
Initial
System Monitoring: Temperatures, Voltages
Initial
Initial
Programmers I2C PICo Interface
Initial
Initial
Programmers RS232 Interface (Basic Version)
Initial
Initial
Boot loader for onsite firmware update
Initial
Initial
3 x A/D converters (Basic Version, without high voltage interface)
0x30
15.03.2017
3 x A/D converters Raw Data (without conversion to Voltages)
0x30
15.04.2017
Programmable Auxiliary Battery Backed up 5V@750mA and 3.3V@150mA supply
0x34
15.04.2017
User Selectable PIco HV3.0 I2C addresses (NORMAL, NO_RTC, ALTERNATE)
0x35
20.05.2017
Activated Still Active Timer (watch-dog for the Raspberry Pi)
0x39
15.07.2017
Activated Events Triggered RTC Based System Actions Scheduler
Table 2 Unlocked Firmware features

UPS PIco HV3.0A Firmware Code 040 Print Date 18.08.2017
Designed and Manufactured by PiModules and ModMyPi
www.pimodules.com www.modmypi.com
Firmware and Manual Fixes/Add on
Version
Code
Date
Firmware and Manual Fixes and Add-ons
0x24
24.001
15.01.2017
Enable/Disable and set data rate of the PIco RS232 is now working. Fixed default to
disabled RS232. Fixed data rate programmable by user written to PIco EEPROM. Usage
is described in the manual in a proper section.
0x24
24.002
15.01.2017
Activated Register charger at 0x69 and address 0x20 informing user if battery charger
is ON or OFF. Usage is described in the manual in a proper section.
0x24
24.003
15.01.2017
Corrected bug with low battery threshold shutdown for LiPO and LiFePO4 batteries, to
2.95V and 3.5 V
0x24
24.004
15.01.2017
Added full LiFePO4 battery charger cutoff @3.75V
0x24
24.005
15.01.2017
Added for LiPO and LiFePO4 battery charger trickle charging starts up threshold to 4.1V
and 3.6V respectively. This threshold is in additional controlled by the charger IC itself.
0x24
24.006
15.01.2017
User Manual re-structure
0x24
24.007
15.01.2017
Activated Register key at 0x69 and address 0x1A informing user about the pressed
User Key (A, B or C). Usage is described in the manual in a proper section.
0x24
24.008
15.01.2017
Changed Battery Powering Backup activation threshold from 4.75V on 5V GPIOs to
4.65V
Remark: Now the UPS PIco HV3.0 is checking the following conditions for Battery
Power Backup activation on the following conditions:
1. Continuously Fast Falling Powering Edge Monitoring (proprietary algorithm)
2. GPIO 5V powering is unconditionally lower than 4.65V
This will help when used lower quality PSUs that are giving higher voltage drop than
should be when system is loaded.
In any case we strongly recommend using PSU with micro USB cable on the same body
with the PSU, and minimum, recommend 3A.
0x24
24.009
15.01.2017
Corrected (and activated) option with Battery Voltage measure batlevel at 0x69 and
address 0x08 informing user about It. This option was temporary (in former version of
firmware - 0x18) disabled to rewrite firmware part procedures from floating point
arithmetic to fixed one, in order to decrease memory footprint and system speed-up.
Usage is described in the manual in a proper section.
0x24
24.010
15.01.2017
Corrected (and activated) option with Raspberry Pi Voltage measure rpilevel at 0x69
and address 0x0a informing user about It. This option was temporary disabled to
change firmware from floating point arithmetic to fixed one, in order to decrease
memory footprint and system speed-up. Usage is described in the manual in a proper
section.
0x24
24.011
15.01.2017
Corrected (and activated) option with Raspberry Pi Voltage measure eprlevel at 0x69
and address 0x0c informing user about It. This option was temporary disabled in order
to change firmware from floating point arithmetic to fixed one, in order to decrease
memory footprint and system speed-up. Usage is described in the manual in a proper
section.
0x24
24.012
15.01.2017
Corrected (and activated) option for the first A/D converter pre-scaled to 5.2V at 0x69
and address 0x14. This option was temporary disabled to change firmware from

UPS PIco HV3.0A Firmware Code 040 Print Date 18.08.2017
Designed and Manufactured by PiModules and ModMyPi
www.pimodules.com www.modmypi.com
floating point arithmetic to fixed one, to decrease memory footprint and system speed
up. Higher Voltage could not be supplied to this A/D converter. Readings are in 10th of
mV in BCD format. Usage is described in the manual in a proper section.
0x24
24.013
15.01.2017
Corrected (and activated) option for the first A/D converter pre-scaled to 5.2V at 0x69
and address 0x16. This option was temporary disabled to change firmware from
floating point arithmetic to fixed one, to decrease memory footprint and system speed
up. Higher Voltage could be supplied to this A/D converter when added an extra
resistor and set a proper variable in the PICo interface. Readings are in 10th of mV in
BCD format. Usage is described in the manual in a proper section. The High Voltage
Conversion interface is not activated yet.
0x24
24.014
15.01.2017
Corrected (but not activated) option for the first A/D converter pre scaled to 5.2V at
0x69 and address 0x18. This option was temporary disabled to change firmware from
floating point arithmetic to fixed one, to decrease memory footprint and system speed
up. Higher Voltage could be supplied to this A/D converter when added an extra
resistor and set a proper variable in the PICo interface. Readings are in 10th of mV in
BCD format. Usage is described in the manual in a proper section. The High Voltage
Conversion interface is not activated yet.
0x24
24.015
15.01.2017
Corrected the option with PIco Serial Port Data Rate selection and
activation/deactivation (RS232) rs232_rate at 0x6B and address 0x02. Default option
is PIco RS232 is disabling (available for user applications). Usage is described in the
manual in a proper section.
0x24
24.016
15.01.2017
Corrected (activated) Battery Selection independent of the boot loader pre-settings.
0x24
24.017
15.01.2017
Improved the cable reentry recognition time, checking is every 5 seconds
0x30
30.018
24.01.2017
Changed low battery thresholds shutdown for LiFePO4 batteries from to 2.95V to 2.9V.
Now for battery LiFePO4 BAT LED is now lighting at 2.95 V, and FSSD is at 2.9V. For
battery LiPO BAT LED is now lighting at 3.6 V, and FSSD is at 3.4V.
0x30
30.019
24.01.2017
PIco HV3.0 Plus: Corrected bug when executed command in Raspberry Pi “sudo halt”
system not goes to the Low Powering Mode when powered from External Powering
Input. Now System is going to Low Powering Mode, and cut the cable power when
“sudo halt” is executed. If “sudo reboot” is executed system restarts the Raspberry Pi.
When system is in Low Powering Mode, can be wake up if:
- any cable power applied or change their conditions (EXT, micro USB or GPIO 5V)
- Fbutton pressed
0x30
30.020
24.01.2017
Changed waiting time for reboot or shutdown, if console command has been executed
“sudo halt” or “sudo reboot” from 300 secs (as it was) to 90 sec now.
0x30
30.021
28.01.2017
Improved the Powering Falling Edge Recognition algorithm
0x30
30.022
28.01.2017
Improved the A/D converter filtering software by using (adding) the “Olympic Scoring”
implementation on each A/D sampling interrupt instead of the former used
“windowed mean value” method
0x30
30.023
10.02.2017
Added software low pass filter to each of the PIco HV3.0 A/D converters (users and
system)
Added decimal rounding on second position after comma to each A/D Voltage
Translator readings (0x69 Registers Set). Each A/D reading converted to
voltage/temperature/current are valid on the first position after comma. Therefore the
4.16V is shown as 4.20V, 4.12V is shown as 4.10V.

UPS PIco HV3.0A Firmware Code 040 Print Date 18.08.2017
Designed and Manufactured by PiModules and ModMyPi
www.pimodules.com www.modmypi.com
0x30
30.024
15.02.2017
Improved Keys recognition routine
0x30
30.025
25.02.2017
Improved the de-bouncing filter on the ISR of the pulse train input recognition
0x30
30.026
28.02.2017.
Improved the TO-92 temperature sensor readings and conversion
0x30
30.027
05.03.2017
Improved the NTC temperature sensor readings and conversion
0x30
30.028
10.03.2017
Corrected (and activated) option for the first A/D converter pre-scaled to 5.2V at 0x69
and address 0x16. This option was temporary disabled to change firmware from
floating point arithmetic to fixed one, to decrease memory footprint and system speed
up. Higher Voltage could be supplied to this A/D converter when added an extra
resistor and set a proper variable in the PICo interface. Readings are in 10th of mV in
BCD format. Usage is described in the manual in a proper section. The High Voltage
Conversion interface is not activated yet.
0x30
30.029
11.03.2017
Improved LF batteries charging algorithm
0x30
30.030
12.03.2017
Improved wake up procedure from sleep mode when Raspberry Pi is starting up
0x30
30.031
12.03.2017
I2C ISR Improved and tested to be workable with new preliminary kernel 4.9.11
0x30
30.032
12.03.2017
Added option for the all 3 A/D converters a Raw Data Readings, with internal Reference
to 2.048V (always with Internal Resistors divider presented on a dedicated manual
part). Each reading is passed from the “Olympic Score filtering” as also software Low
Pass Filter. There are not rounded as also not converted to voltage. Just raw data. In
order to ready the user, need to write the 0xFF to the setA_D register.
0x30
30.033
13.03.2017
Improved the Dynamic Power Tracking and separated currents for micro USB and
External Powering with different current thresholds. The EPR has higher current 800
mAh
0x30
30.034
14.03.2017
Activated enable 5V. The usage of it is described in detailed in a proper manual section
0x30
30.035
15.03.2017
Improved storage/recall of system variables in the internal UPS PIco HV3.0 HAT
EEPROM
0x30
30.036
15.03.2017
Activated automatic FAN controls, set as default option, temperature thresholds are:
35 Celsius for ON and 34 Celsius for OFF (1 Celsius hysteresis). User can change the
threshold; however, the hysteresis will be always 1 Celsius. Default the FAN speed is
set to 50%, user can change it. FAN is NOT working when system is in Low Powering
Mode
0x30
30.037
17.03.2017
Updated the default Start-up/EEPROM Stored Values
0x30
30.038
18.03.2017
Added LED OFF, which switches OFF all software, controlled LEDs. CHG, FAN, EXT
cannot be switched off as are connected to the hardware and controlled by it. By
writing the 0x00 to LEDOFF disable the LEDs. Default is 0x01 (means LED ON)
0x31
31.039
20.03.2017
Significantly improved the switching ON of the integrated battery charger IC.
0x32
32.040
10.04.2017
Corrected bug (generated in the 0x30) with RS232 deactivation. Now the if the RS232
is deactivated for PIco (and free for Raspberry Pi Applications) the TXD and RXD pins
are HiZ and not High Level like before.
0x32
32.041
15.04.2017
Internal Improvements making system more robust and smaller

UPS PIco HV3.0A Firmware Code 040 Print Date 18.08.2017
Designed and Manufactured by PiModules and ModMyPi
www.pimodules.com www.modmypi.com
0x32
32.042
15.04.2017
Corrected bug with remain voltages on auxiliary 5V@750 mA and 3.3V@150 mA. Now
when auxiliary voltages are off, are exact 0V, and when battery backed up are
respectively 5V and 3.3V
0x35
35.043
01.05.2017
Added Extra Option moving/changing the UPS PIco HV3.0 I2C addresses base to the
following: DEFAULT, NO_RTC, and ALTERNATE.
0x35
35.044
01.05.2017
Improved the low pass filter in the EPR measure system to have more stable and
accurate reading
0x35
35.045
01.05.2017
Final I2C ISR Improvements and tested to be workable with new kernel 4.9.11 including
sometimes I2C handler after Low Powering Mode (sometimes not working properly)
0x35
35.046
20.05.2017
Activated Still Active Timer (watch-dog for the Raspberry Pi)
0x36
36.047
25.05.2017
Improved the Factory Defaults Procedure
0x36
36.048
25.05.2017
Improved de-bouncing procedure for user keys
0x36
36.049
25.05.2017
Improved Interrupts Nesting Handler
0x37
37.050
10.06.2017
Improved Low Powering Mode entering
0x39
39.051
15.07.2017
Activated Events Triggered RTC Based System Actions Scheduler
0x40
40.052
20.07.2017
Activated Disable/Enable of Sounder System Audio information
0x40
40.053
20.07.2017
System Messaging Texts Simplified (shorted)
Table 3 Firmware and Manual Fixes/Add on