Qvidium QVENC HD User manual

QVidium®TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
QVidium H.264 HD Video Codecs™
For Broadcast and Professional Video Applications
Model: #QVENC Encoder
Model: #QVDEC Decoder
Model: #QVPRO Codec
User’s Manual v.15
September 12, 2014
Application Firmware Version 261
2011-2014 QVidium®Technologies, Inc.
12989 Chaparral Ridge Road, San Diego, CA 92130
Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]

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Table of Contents
1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................4
1.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................4
1.2 Network Setup ...............................................................................................................4
1.3 Resetting Network Settings to Factory Defaults ............................................................7
1.4 Ping ...............................................................................................................................8
1.5 Passwords and Security ................................................................................................9
1.6 Updating ........................................................................................................................9
1.7 System View –QVPRO ...............................................................................................11
1.8 System View –QVENC ...............................................................................................13
1.9 System View –QVDEC ...............................................................................................15
2 Simplified Encoder Configuration ....................................................................................17
3 Complete Encoder Configuration .....................................................................................18
3.1 Configuring the Encoder - Overview ............................................................................18
3.2 Encoder Configuration .................................................................................................18
3.3 Basic Encoding Configuration .....................................................................................19
3.4 Configuring Encoder Format and Bitrates ...................................................................22
3.5 Configuring Packet Transport & Error Correction ........................................................22
3.6 Configuring Advanced Video Encoding Profiles ..........................................................24
4 Encoder Operation .............................................................................................................30
4.1 Starting and Stopping the Encoder.............................................................................30
4.2 Dynamically Changing the Video Encoding Bitrate ....................................................30
4.3 Configuring the Encoder for RTSP and Server Mode.................................................32
5 Decoder Configuration and Operation .............................................................................33
5.1 Decoding Configuration and Web Interface................................................................33
5.2 Decoding Profile Settings............................................................................................33
5.2.1 Video Tab....................................................................................................................33
5.2.2 Network Tab................................................................................................................37
5.2.3 ARQ Tab .....................................................................................................................39
5.2.4 Server Tab...................................................................................................................39
5.3 Starting the Decoder ...................................................................................................39
5.4 Stopping and Reconfiguring the Decoder...................................................................40
5.5 Configuring Packet Transport & Error Correction.......................................................40
6 Transcoding ........................................................................................................................42
7 Importing, Exporting, & Resetting Profiles ......................................................................43
8 System Management .........................................................................................................44
8.1 Access Configuration ..................................................................................................44
8.2 SNMP Trap Configuration...........................................................................................45
9 Codec Manager & System Resets.....................................................................................46
9.1 Codec Manager...........................................................................................................46
9.2 Resetting the Network Parameters.............................................................................46
9.3 Resetting the Password..............................................................................................46
9.4 Re-installing the Application Software ........................................................................47
10 Encoding & Decoding to/from Files .................................................................................48
10.1 Web Interface..............................................................................................................48
10.2 Command-Line Interface.............................................................................................50
11 Known Problems ................................................................................................................52
12 Troubleshooting & Support ...............................................................................................53
12.1 Troubleshooting –Common Problems ........................................................................53
12.2 Support ........................................................................................................................57
13 Appendices .........................................................................................................................58
13.1 Appendix A: Encoder Configuration Parameters .........................................................58
13.2 Appendix B: Decoder Configuration Parameters .........................................................61

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13.3 Appendix C: H.264 HD Video Codec™ Bitrate Limits .................................................65
13.4 Appendix D: Hints for Minimizing Bitrates ....................................................................66
13.5 Appendix E: Technical Specifications ..........................................................................67
13.6 Appendix F: Product Warranty Terms and Conditions ................................................70
13.7 Appendix G: FCC Notice ............................................................................................71
Note: This manual describes the combined features and capabilities of QVidium’s entire line of
H.264/MPEG2 HD broadcast video networking products, models: QVPRO, QVENC, and QVDEC.
Certain features may pertain to only certain products and/or options. Whereas the QVPRO
combines encoding and decoding into a single product, the QVENC and QVDEC implement only
the encoding and decoding functions, respectively. Thus, for sections that pertain to only a subset
of these products, we note the pertinent products (QVENC or QVDEC) for which the section
applies.
As of the current firmware release (V.261), licenses are required to enable HD encoding on the
QVENC and QVPRO. The QVENC also requires a license to enable its SDI interface. However,
the QVDEC provides SDI/HD-SDI output for SD and HD video without requiring any additional
licenses, dual encoding, and bi-directional operation. These licenses may be purchased separately
at a later date. If you would like a demo license or to purchase license to enable any particular
optional feature, please contact QVidium Technologies, Inc.
Throughout this manual, unless otherwise noted, any mention of QVPRO by itself can
equally apply to the QVENC and QVDEC. You can therefore substitute QVENC or QVDEC,
as appropriate, for QVPRO.
In addition, QVidium has partnered with EVOstream (www.evostream.com) to provide optional
Web Streaming services and capabilities, including, RTMP (Flash Media), HLS, and RTSP
support. Please contact EVOstream directly for more information or to purchase license keys to
enable these features.

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1 Introduction
Congratulations on purchasing your new QVidium
®
broadcast video networking product.
QVidium
®
H.264 HD video networking
products –Front View,
Clockwise from upper left: QVENC encoder,
QVDEC decoder, and QVPRO codec
1.1 Overview
QVidium’s collection of broadcast video network products includes the QVENC HD H.264 video
encoder and its corresponding QVDEC decoder. These products are derived from QVidium’s
original QVPRO HD Video Codec™ (currently available only by special order). The QVENC and
QVDEC use the same video processor and same firmware as the QVPRO H.264 HD Video
Codec™. The QVPRO can encode, decode, or transcode standard or high definition video using
either MPEG2 (main profile) or MPEG4-AVC (Part 10, H.264 High Profile, Level 4.1) compression,
and to interface a video feed from a wide range of video standards and connections for transport
over nearly any IP network.
The QVENC includes the encoding and transcoding capabilities of the QVPRO. However while the
QVPRO has SDI and HDMI inputs, the QVENC keeps the SDI/HD-SDI/3G-SDI interface, but
replaces the HDMI input with Composite and S-Video inputs. It also adds two pairs or analog audio
inputs and an S/PDIF input for AC3 Dolby Digital audio. The QVDEC implements the decoding
functionality of the QVPRO. However, in addition to the SDI/HD-SDI/3G-SDI and HDMI outputs, it
also adds a Composite video output, 2 pairs of stereo analog audio outputs, and an S/PDIF output
for AC3 audio.
All of these QVidium video networking products include QVidium’s patented, advanced ARQ Error
Correction and clock synchronization. In addition, they also include the option of using industry
standard ProMPEG FEC, or SMPTE-2022, for compatibility with third-party products. With these
advanced Quality of Service (QoS) features, the H.264 HD Video Codec™ can send video over
nearly any network and across the world, including wireless connections and the public Internet,
with unsurpassed video transport quality and state-of-the-art video compression for minimizing
bandwidth.
1.2 Network Setup
The QVPRO includes two gigabit Ethernet ports, labeled LAN1 and LAN2. The QVENC and

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QVDEC only have one gigabit Ethernet port, LAN1. Although on the QVDEC and QVENC, you can
add a second Ethernet interface by attaching an Apple USB Ethernet Adapter Part Number:
MC704ZM/A.The factory preset IP address for LAN1 is 192.168.1.23 and for LAN2 is
192.168.10.23. Both ports have a Netmask of 255.255.255.0. By default, only LAN1 can send or
receive multicast packets, but you can change this in the Network/Multicast menu. You can
download and run our CodecManager application to determine or change the IP settings, even
when the IP address has been reset to an unknown address. Please refer to Section 9 of this
manual for configuration using the CodecManager application.
WARNING: If you change the IP addresses of LAN1 or LAN2, you must make certain that they
remain on different subnets. Failure to keep the IP addresses of LAN1 and LAN2 on separate
subnets will confuse the operating system routing, and result in sporadic access or
possibly complete loss of network connectivity.
The QVENC, QVDEC, and QVPRO can also be reconfigured through a web browser when you
know the IP address. For a new unit or one having the factory default IP settings, follow the steps
below to reconfigure the network settings through a web browser on a computer connected to the
same subnet as the Codec.
1) Point your web browser to http://192.168.1.23
NOTE: The H.264 HD Video Codec™ requires user authentication to enter the web interface.
Starting with application firmware version 261, the factory preset username is “admin” and the
password is preset to the serial number of your unit (found on the barcode label on the back of
the unit). Please enter these settings when prompted to access the system.
NOTE: Versions of the application software earlier than 261 allow you to log in with the
username "root" with a password of "root". THIS HAS CHANGED STARTING WITH ALL
NEW UNITS SHIPPED WITH VERSION 261. Starting with version 261 of the application
software, you can NO LONGER LOG IN AS USER "root". Instead, you must log in as user
"admin". If you updated to version 261 from an earlier version, the password for user "admin" is
still the previously set password for the admin user, The default password for user "admin" was
"admin".
2) Click on “Configure” under the “Network” menu on the left.
You should see a web page similar to the following network configuration web page:

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3) Change settings as desired and click “Apply”.
4) If you change the IP address, you will need to change the URL in the web browser to point to
the new address after clicking on “Apply”.
The Network Configure panel allows you to modify the static IP address parameters and DNS
server settings, or to have these settings automatically configured through DHCP. A Hostname
panel allows you to specify the host name for use in conjunction with a DNS server to assign a
predetermined IP address.

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1.3 Resetting Network Settings to Factory Defaults
In case you are not able to connect to the QVENC, QVDEC, or QVPRO through the network
port(s), we have provided 3 different mechanisms for resetting the IP addresses and network
settings: through CodecManager, via a USB flash memory stick with the reset “autorun” script
on it, and through the RS232 console serial port. Any one of these 3 methods we describe in this
section will allow you to recover in case the IP address was changed or set to DHCP and you do
not know its current value.
CodecManager: If you have a Windows PC or a Mac running a PC emulator, you can download
and run the QVidium application, CodecManager, to change or set the IP address for LAN1 (or
whatever port is configured as the multicast port). You can download CodecManager from the
Support page at http://www.qvidium.com. If you have more than one network adapter on your PC,
you may need to select the proper Network Interface from the pull-down control in the lower left
corner of the CodecManager application. Also, because CodecManager relies on low-level
Ethernet-level multicasts, we recommend having both the QVPRO and your PC connected through
a switch, and not via a direct Ethernet cable. If you do not see the QVPRO on CodecManager,
even after clicking on the Discover button, then you should try connecting to the other LAN port on
the QVPRO. If you still do not see the QVPRO, then we suggest either resetting the network
interface using the USB stick method, below, or via the RS232 serial port.
USB Flash Memory Stick: Using a USB memory stick, you can reset all of the network settings
on the QVPRO to their factory default values. Go to http://www.qvidium.com/reset, copy the
“autorun” file on a USB flash, and plug flash into QVPRO. About 30 seconds after plugging the
USB stick into one of the two USB ports on the QVPRO, the QVPRO should be reset to all of its
factory default IP network settings. (Please make certain that you save the autorun file as, simply,
autorun. Do not add any suffixes. For example, saving the file as “autorun.txt” or “autorun.exe”
will not work. Most new USB flash sticks are preformatted as FAT or FAT32. This is fine and
should work. However, if your USB stick has multiple partitions or was reformatted to some other
file system, we would recommend reformatting the USB stick as FAT or FAT32. The autorun file
must be on the top level of the memory device, in cannot be located within a folder.
RS232 Console Port: Alternatively, you can connect the Console serial port to log into the Linux
shell and change the IP address or other settings. To reset the IP settings to their factory defaults,
connect a PC running a terminal emulator, such we Hyperterm or TeraTerm. The serial port
settings should be set to 115,200 Baud (8-N-1, no flow control). Upon power-on, you should see a
stream of characters as the system is booting, ending with the console prompt “/ #”. From this
prompt, type resetnetwork followed by hitting the Enter key (carriage return). If you do not see any
characters during boot-up, try inserting a Null-Modem adapter between the R232 cable and the
Console port.
If you have experience with network monitoring software, such as Wireshark (www.wireshark.org)
or Ethereal, please note that upon power-up, the Codec will emit a gratuitous ARP packet from
which you can determine its IP address by looking for the ARP packets that the QVPRO generates
and analyzing its contents.

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1.4 Ping and Traceroute
Selecting Ping allows you to test network connectivity by sending ping packets to an address or
hostname you specify. However, to use a hostname in place of an IP address, you must have
configured at least one DNS server.
Likewise, you can use Traceroute to ping every router along the route from the QVPRO to the IP or
DNS address you specify. Traceroute is very helpful in locating instances where an ISP might
employ dynamic load balancing and other routing problems that can affect the quality of the video
transport. Dynamic Load Balancing occurs where an ISP might specify an alternate route to send
packets to balance the load across its network. This is fine for web pages that use TCP and can

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tolerate random delays. However, this can cause video streams to become mis-ordered, jumbling
the video content. Using the Jitter Buffer in the QVidium decoder or ARQ software can often
restore correct packet order and stream integrity, at the cost of additional delay. You can also
avoid Dynamic Load Balancing by requesting MPLS (Multi-Protocol Labeled Switching) service
from your ISP.
1.5 Passwords and Security
The QVidium H.264 HD Video Codec™ requires a username and password to protect access to its
configuration settings. This includes both Web access and Telnet or SSH access. Starting with
version 261, for greater Internet security, the default user name is now “admin” and the default
password is now set to the serial number for new units. Starting with version 261, root login is
no longer allowed.
NOTE: For older units updated to version 261, the admin password is the kept to be the same
value as was previously set by the user, or the default of "admin," if the admin password was not
set. You can change the password by selecting the Password menu item under the System Menu
at the upper left of the Web page. (For older versions of the software, the username is "root" and
the default password is "roor".)
Note on Resetting Password: If you lose the password and need to reset it, you can go to
http://www.qvidium.com/reset, click on Reset Password, copy the “autorun” file onto a USB flash,
and plug flash into QVPRO. (File must be saved as “autorun” and not “autorun.txt”.). This will reset
the admin password back to the serial number of the unit You must have physical access to the
USB ports on the QVPRO to use this procedure.
1.6 Updating
QVidium provides firmware updates from time to time to add new features, overcome limitations, or
to fix bugs. You can find these new update packages on the QVidium Web Site under Support or
by going to: http://www.qvidium.com/qvpro. QVidium provides these update as a .pkg file that you
can upload into the Codec via the web browser interface. To perform an upgrade, you must
perform the following steps:
1) Stop the Encoder, Decoder, and Transcoder if any of these functions are running. You can
click on System/Processes to see if any of these functions are running.
2) Power cycle the system to clear memory.
3) Copy the upgrade .pkg file into a convenient location on your PC. Please follow the
instructions on the Update web site to determine which of the .pkg files you need to
download and use for updating.
4) Point your web browser to the Codec and click on “Upgrade” in the “System” menu.
5) Click on the “Browse” button and locate the upgrade file.
6) Click on “Upgrade” and wait for the upgrade to finish. DO NOT DISCONNECT FROM
POWER OR INTERRUPT THIS OPERATION UNTIL IT COMPLETES.
7) Click on “Reboot” from the system menu to reboot the Codec.

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As part of this update, the update will be stopping and restarting the HTTP Daemon in the codec.
Note: Sometimes, a web browser will not be able to continue to reconnect to the new HTTP
Daemon after it restarts, causing you to no longer see the update progress. If this happens,
please wait 2 minutes, after which it would be safe to power-cycle the codec so that it can
boot from the new update. You can then check under System/Version to confirm that you have
the new firmware.

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1.7 System View –QVPRO
Front View –Computer Interface ports and Indicators
(All indicator lights either glow green or are off.)
Ref Indicator/Switch Description
1 SDI Glows green with active SD-SDI or HD-SDI input.
2 HDMI Glows green when video input is a valid HDMI signal.
3 Power Glows green when the power is connected and unit is on.
4 Reset Various reset functions. See description in manual.
Ref Port Description
5 USB 2 USB 2.0 Ports (external storage or LCD console).
6 Console RS-232 Console Interface via DB-9 Connector.
7 LAN LAN1 & LAN2, 10/100/1000-Base-TX Gigabit Ethernet Ports.

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Rear View –Power, Video/Audio I/O Connectors, & RS-232 Port
Ref Component Description
1AC Power Auto-sense AC power input (100-240 VAC, 250-150 mA, 50/60 Hz).
2RS-232 DB-9 RS-232 connector for future expansion.
3DC Power 7 VDC to 20 VDC (1 to 3 Amps) alternative DC power input.
4Error Glows red for bit or format errors in SDI input stream.
53G / HD / ASI Glows green to indicate 3Gbps or HD-SDI or ASI signal on SDI input.
6SDI/ASI Input SD-SDI, HD-SDI, 3G-SDI, & DVB-ASI input with embedded audio.
7HDMI IN HDMI HD Input.
8SDI/ASI Output SD-SDI, HD-SDI, 3G-SDI, & DVB-ASI output with embedded audio.
9HDMI OUT HDMI HD Output.
Note: Serial number (not shown) is located above DC power connector.
Important Safety Information:
For PLUGGABLE EQUIPMENT, the socket-outlet shall be installed near the
equipment and shall be easily accessible.
CAUTION: The QVPRO Codec contains an internal 3V. Lithium battery. RISK OF
EXPLOSION IF BATTERY IS REPLACED BY AN INCORRECT TYPE. USE ONLY
PANASONIC CR2032 20MM COIN-TYPE BATTERY OR EQUIVALENT. DISPOSE
OF USED BATTERIES ACCORDING TO THE INSTRUCTIONS.
5
1
2
2
3
4
6
7
8
9

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1.8 System View –QVENC
Front View –Computer Interface ports and Indicators
(All indicator lights either glow green or are off.)
Ref Indicator/Switch Description
1 SDI Glows green with active SD-SDI or HD-SDI input.
2 CVBS* Glows green with a valid composite or S-Video input signal.
3 Power Glows green when the power is connected and unit is on.
4 Reset Various reset functions. See description in manual.
*Note: Whether this indicates Composite (CVBS) or S-Video (Y/C) depends upon video input
selection from last time encoder was started. Defaults to CVBS indicator at power-on.
Ref Port Description
5 USB 2 USB 2.0 Ports (external storage or LCD console or LAN2).
6 Console RS-232 Console Interface via DB-9 Connector.
7 LAN LAN1 autosensing 10/100/1000-Base-TX Gigabit Ethernet Ports.
8 DC Power*Alternate DC power input (7 –20 Vdc).
*Note: DC Power input can be used simultaneously with AC input as an emergency backup,
or by itself.

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Rear View –Power, Video/Audio I/O Connectors, & RS-232 Port
Ref Component Description
1AC Power Auto-sense AC power input (100-240 VAC, 250-150 mA, 50/60 Hz).
2 ASI Input Optional: ASI Input with indicator LEDs for ASI daughtercard.
3 ASI Output Optional: ASI Output for ASI daughtercard.
4Y/C (S-Video) S-Video analog video input (NTSC and PAL).
5CVBS (Composite) Composite analog video input (NTSC and PAL).
6Audio Inputs 3.5 mm analog audio inputs for channel ½ and ¾ stereo input pairs.
7S/PDIF Optical digital audio input fo AC3 (Dolby Digital) audio.
8SDI Input SDI video input, auto-detects SD-SDI, HD-SDI, and 3G-SDI input.
93G / HD / SD Glows green to indicate 3Gbps, HD-SDI, or SD signal on SDI input.
10 Error Glows red for bit or format errors in SDI input stream.
Note: Serial number (not shown) is located above Y/C and CVBS connectors.
Important Safety Information:
For PLUGGABLE EQUIPMENT, the socket-outlet shall be installed near the
equipment and shall be easily accessible.
CAUTION: The QVENC Codec contains an internal 3V. Lithium battery. RISK OF
EXPLOSION IF BATTERY IS REPLACED BY AN INCORRECT TYPE. USE ONLY
PANASONIC CR2032 20MM COIN-TYPE BATTERY OR EQUIVALENT. DISPOSE
OF USED BATTERIES ACCORDING TO THE INSTRUCTIONS.
6
1
2
2
4
5
7
8
9
10
3
2

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1.9 System View –QVDEC
Front View –Computer Interface ports and Indicators
(All indicator lights either glow green or are off.)
Ref Indicator/Switch Description
1 Power Glows green when the power is connected and unit is on.
2 Reset Various reset functions. See description in manual.
Ref Port Description
3 USB 2 USB 2.0 Ports (external storage or LCD console or LAN2).
4 Console RS-232 Console Interface via DB-9 Connector.
5 LAN LAN1 autosensing 10/100/1000-Base-TX Gigabit Ethernet Port.
6 DC Power* Alternate DC power input (7 –20 Vdc).
*Note: DC Power input can be used simultaneously with AC input as an emergency backup,
or by itself.

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Rear View –Power, Video/Audio I/O Connectors, & RS-232 Port
Ref Component Description
1AC Power Auto-sense AC power input (100-240 VAC, 250-150 mA, 50/60 Hz).
2S/PDIF Output Digital audio output for AC3 (Dolby Digital) 5.1 Surround Sound
3Analod Audio 3.5 mm stereo mini-phono output jacks for channel ½ and ¾ audio.
4CVBS Output Composite SD analog video output (PAL or NTSC).
5SDI Output SD-SDI, HD-SDI, and 3G-SDI output with embedded audio.
6HDMI OUT HDMI HD Output.
Note: Serial number (not shown) is located above S/PDIF optical connector.
Important Safety Information:
For PLUGGABLE EQUIPMENT, the socket-outlet shall be installed near the
equipment and shall be easily accessible.
CAUTION: The QVDEC Codec contains an internal 3V. Lithium battery. RISK OF
EXPLOSION IF BATTERY IS REPLACED BY AN INCORRECT TYPE. USE ONLY
PANASONIC CR2032 20MM COIN-TYPE BATTERY OR EQUIVALENT. DISPOSE
OF USED BATTERIES ACCORDING TO THE INSTRUCTIONS.
3
1
2
4
5
6

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2 Simplified Encoder Configuration
(QVENC and QVPRO Only)
The encoder is configured and operated from a web browser. These settings are stored in non-
volatile flash memory, allowing the QVPRO to recover after a power failure. This section serves as
a simplified Quick-Start guide for fast and easy configuration of the encoder. For mode complete
control of the encoder and access to the full range of encoder functionality, please see Section 3:
Complete Encoder Configuration.
1. Enter http://<IPAddress>/encode where <IPAddress> is the IP address of the
QVidium QVPRO that you want to configure. For example: http://192.168.1.23/encode if using
the default address. Use username encode, and the password for the admin user (default:
admin). (You can change this password from the main System/Password menu.)
2. Select the Video Input (SDI or HDMI for QVPRO, SDI, Composite, or S-Video for QVENC).
Enter the desired Stream Bit Rate. (We recommend 4000000 for SD and 8000000 for HD
video.) Enter the IP address of the decoder for the Destination IP address. Enter the UDP
port. (We recommend 10000.)
3. Confirm that the input is active and connected and that the appropriate Link Light is lit on the
front and then click on Start.
For troubleshooting or verifying that the encoder has started properly, please log in to the main
codec control menu using the instructions in the next section. From that main codec control menu,
you can click on Encoder/Status to check the outgoing bitrate. If you suspect a problem, then
please click on Encoder/Show Log.

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3 Complete Encoder Configuration
(QVENC and QVPRO Only)
NOTE: Although the basic encoding functionality of the QVPRO and QVENC are the same, the
QVENC includes some additional capabilities and improvements not available in the QVPRO.
Screenshots in this chapter are taken from the QVENC, and may include some settings not found
on the QVPRO.
You can configure and operate the encoder from a web browser. All settings are stored in non-
volatile flash memory, allowing the encoder to recover after a power failure. This section explains
how to configure the QVENC and QVPRO encoding parameters with full access to the capabilities
of the encoder.
3.1 Configuring the Encoder - Overview
1. Enter http://<IPAddress> where <IPAddress>is the IP address of the QVidium
QVPRO H.264 HD Video Codec™ that you want to configure. (The default address is
http://192.168.1.23.)
2. Click on “Profile” under “Encoder” from the menu on the left. Then, either double-click on
an existing encoder profile you wish to edit, or click on New to create a new encoder profile.
The “Encoder Profile”interface should then display in the main area to the right of the
menu system, as shown in Figure 1a.
3. Enter the Destination IP address and UDP port number for the decoder, media server, or
network equipment that will be receiving the stream. Enter the desired Video Bit Rate (in bps),
and modify the other audio and video parameters, such as Video Input, and Audio Bit Rate (in
bps), to suit your needs, as shown in Figure 1a, and explained below. To enable error
correction, set the IP Transport to ARQ (default).
Note: For ARQ and RTP IP Transport, you may enter up to 3 different destination IP
addresses, separated by commas (‘,’). The QVPRO will then send an individual copy
of the video stream to each of the IP addresses that you list.
4. Press the “Save”button to save your changes. None of your changes will be saved nor have
any effect unless you first save them. If you have any doubt about the parameters selected
when running the encoder, you should click on Profile after saving the parameters or starting
the coder to see the current operational encoder settings. These changes are stored in
permanent memory and will persist even after a power failure.
3.2 Encoder Configuration
As shown in Figure 1a, you can select the video input source, and set the video and audio
encoding format and bitrates. For the QVPRO codec, the Video Input can be either SDI or HDMI.
However, The HDMI input only works for unencrypted HD video. For the QVENC, the Video Input
can be one of SDI, Composite (CVBS), or S-Video (Y/C). An HD video input will automatically be
scale to SD if you do not have a license installed for the HD encoding option. The QVPRO/QVENC
codec will automatically detect and adjust for the input video resolution and format (PAL vs. NTSC,

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and HD vs. SD). You can also use the advanced encoding parameters (Section 3.6) to scale the
video resolution and frame-rate.
The QVPRO/QVENC can output the encoded video stream either as a Constant Bit Rate (CBR)
IP stream, a Capped Variable Bit Rate (Capped VBR) IP stream, or a Low-Delay Variable Bit
Rate (Low Delay VBR) IP stream. The default is to output a CBR stream to maintain the highest
level of interoperability with third-party decoders, but you can change this under the Advanced
Encoding profile. In all cases, you need to enter a desired Stream Bit Rate in the Basic
Encoding profile. For CBR mode, the output stream will include about a 3% overhead of NULL
packets to pad the stream in order to keep the output bit rate constant and at the selected value.
For Capped VBR and Low Delay VBR, the Stream Bit Rate sets the maximum output bit rate, and
the encoder only uses the amount of bandwidth that it needs to encode the video content. For
either any of these three Stream Modes, the QVPRO and QVENC will automatically set an
internal Video Bit Rate by subtracting from this value the Audio Bit Rate you select, and about
10% for IP packetization overhead (if IP output is selected). A VBR stream has the advantage of
optimizing IP network efficiency by eliminating unnecessary null packets from the media stream.
In general, the video rate may be less than this rate, depending upon video content. Thus, a VBR
stream can have large variations in bit rate, but will produce a much lower average bit rate than
CBR.
QVidium has implemented a precision packet output control and metering mechanism, called
Pacing (under the Advanced Networking encoder profile), that regulates the output timing of the
IP packets to maintain a constant inter-packet spacing, thereby minimizing packet jitter to under
25ms. This helps to reduce packet loss on Internet links that limit packet bursts. It also helps with
interoperability with older decoders that have very limited input buffers. This feature is on by
default, but it can add ¾ second of latency or more to the stream. If low latency is required, then
you can select the Low Delay VBR for the Stream Mode, which uses a different mechanism to
minimize packet jitter.
Note: Be aware that the user interface will not warn you if you try to enter a bit rate beyond the
operating limits of the codec. For more details on the range of MPEG encoding bit rates, please
see Appendix C (Section 13.3). For more information on the various video parameters (Frame
Rate, Encoding, Format, Resolution, etc.) please see Appendix A (Section 13.1). For HD or SD
video, you can select either MPEG2 or MPEG4-AVC (H.264) Video Encoding.
Warning: By default, the SDI or HDMI video input expects to see embedded audio for the encoder
to start. To encode a stream without embedded audio, please check Video Only for the
Audio/Video parameter in the Advanced tab. You can also encode only audio by setting this
parameter to Audio Only. For the QVENC, you also have the option of using the analog external
audio inputs for the audio source to embed into the output stream.
3.3 Basic Encoding Configuration
All the basic parameters you normally would need to set when creating a new encoding profile are
grouped together under the Basic tab of the Encoder Profile, as shown in Figure 1a. We strongly
recommend not changing any of the advanced encoder parameters unless you have carefully read
this manual and you are confident of what you are doing. If you have problems with the encoder,
we suggest reverting to the default advanced encoding parameters (by highlighting the profile you
are using and clicking Default from the Profile panel).

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Figure 1a: Basic Encoder Configuration.
Below is a list of the basic encoding parameters and a short description for each setting:
Output Device: The QVPRO/QVENC allows you to send the encoder’s output stream to one of
several devices: a Network Ethernet port for MPEG Transport Stream (TS) over IP output; an
ASI port for DVB-ASI compatible output (on QVENC with optional ASI daughter card); to a File
on a USB or Network-Accessible Storage (NAS) device to record the video stream as an
MPEG Transport Stream (File TS); or have the encoder simultaneously save to a file and
output over IP/Ethernet by selecting File + Network. The encoder ignores the Network
parameters when you select ASI or File TS as the output port for the encoder.