R.V.R. Elettronica PJ1000M-C User manual

PJ1000M-C
UserManual
Volume 1
Manufactured by Italy

PJ1000M-C-UserManual
Version 1.1
© Copyright 2003
R.V.R. Elettronica SpA
Via del Fonditore 2/2c - 40138 - Bologna (Italia)
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Web: www.rvr.it
Allrightsreserved
PrintedandboundinItaly. No partofthismanualmaybereproduced,
memorized or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanic, including photocopying, recording or by any information
storageandretrievalsystem,withoutwrittenpermissionofthecopyright
owner.
File name: CAPITOLI_EN.P65
Version: 1.1
Date: 10/11/2003
Revision History
Date Version Reason Editor
30/06/03 1.0 New Version (only Italian version) J. Berti
10/11/03 1.1 Upgrade to the software release 2.3 D. Canazza
Notification of intended purpose and limitations of product use
This product is a FM transmitter intended for FM audio broadcasting. It utilises
operating frequencies not harmonised in the intended countries of use.
The user must obtain a license before using the product in intended country of
use. Ensure respective country licensing requirements are complied with.
Limitations of use can apply in respect of operating freuency, transmitter power
and or channel spacing.
Declaration of Conformity
Hereby, R.V.R. Elettronica SpA, declares that this FM transmitter is in
compliance with the essential requirements and other relevant provisions of
Directive 1999 5 EC.

PJ1000M-C
iUserManual Rev.1.1 -10/11/03
Table of Contents
1. Preliminary instructions 1
2. Warranty 3
3. First Aid 5
3.1 Treatment of electrical shocks 5
3.2 Treatment of electrical Burns 6
4. General Description 7
5. Installation and Use 8
5.1 Preparation 8
5.2 Use 9
5.3 Encoder 10
6. Software 11
6.1 Main Menu 11
6.2 RF Power in menu 11
6.3 Power Amplifier menu 12
6.4 Power modules current menu 12
6.5 Temperature menu 12
6.6 Alarms menu 13
6.7 Alarms sub-menus 14
6.8 Mode Selection menu 15
6.9 Power menu 16
6.10 Software release menu 17
7. External description 19
7.1 Front Panel 19
7.2 Rear Panel 20
7.3 Modules identification 21
7.4 Connectors description 22
8. Technical Specifications 23
8.1 Physical specifications 23
8.2 Electrical specifications 23

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1. Preliminary instructions
Thismanual is written as a general guide for those having previous knowledge and
experience with this kind of equipment, well conscious of the risks connected with
theoperation of electrical equipment.
Itis not intended tocontainacomplete statement ofallsafetyrules which should be
observedby personnel in using thisorotherelectronic equipment.
Theinstallation,useandmaintenanceofthispieceofequipmentinvolverisksboth
forthepersonnelperforming themand forthedevice itself,that shallbeusedonlyby
trainedpersonnel.
R.V.R.Elettronica SpAdoesn’tassumeresponsibilityforinjuryordamage resulting
from improper procedures or practices by untrained/unqualified personnel in the
handlingofthisunit.
Pleaseobserve alllocalcodesand fireprotectionstandardsin theoperationsofthis
unit.
Warning: always disconnect power before opening covers or removing any part of
thisunit.
Useappropriategroundingprocedurestoshortoutcapacitorsandhighvoltagepoints
beforeservicing.
Warning: this device can irradiate radio frequency waves, and if it’s not installed
following the instructions contained in the manual and local regulations it could
generateinterferences in radio communications.
This is a "CLASS A" equipment. In a residential place this equipment can cause
hash.In this case can be requested to usertotakethenecessarymeasures.
R.V.R. Elettronica SpA reservestherightto modify the designand/orthetechnical
specificationsof the product and thismanualwithoutnotice.

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2. Warranty
AnyproductofR.V.R. Elettronica iscoveredbylimitedwarranty.Thewarrantylength
dependsonwetherthepurchaserisaend useror areseller. Ifthepurchaserisaend
user, the warranty period istwo years,andanydfectshallbe communicated to the
manufacturewithintwomonthsfromthediscoveryoftheproblem.Ifthe purchaseris
areseller, the warranty length is one yeard, andanydefectshallbe communicated
tothe manufacturer withineightdaysfrom itsdiscovery.
Forcomponentslike tubesfor poweramplifiers, theoriginalmanufacturer’swarranty
applies.
R.V.R.ElettronicaSpAextendstotheoriginalend-userpurchaserallmanufacturers
warranties which are transferrable and all claims are to be made directly to R.V.R.
perindicatedprocedures.
Warrantyshallnotinclude:
1 damages occurring during the transportantion to R.V.R. Elettronica to perform
servicing;
2 anyunauthorized modification orrepair;
3 Incidental/consequentialdamages as aresultofany defect
4 Nominalnon-incidental defects
5 Re-shipmentcosts or insuranceofthe unit orreplacementunits/parts.
Anydamageto the goods must be reported to the carrier in writing on the shipment
receipt.
Anydiscrepancy or damagediscoveredsubsequent to delivery, shallbereportedto
R.V.R. Elettronica within5(five)daysfromdeliverydate.
Toclaim yourrightsunderthis warranty,you sholdfollowthis procedure:
1 Contact the dealer or distributor where you purchased the unit. Describe the
problemand,so that a possible easy solution can be detected.
Dealers and Distributors are supplied with all the information about problems
that may occur and usually they can repair the unit quicker than what the
manufacturercould do. Very often installingerrors are discovered bydealers.
2 Ifyourdealercannothelpyou,contactR.V.R.Elettronicaandexplaintheproblem.
Ifit is decided to return the unittothefactory, R.V.R. Elettronica will mail you
aregularauthorization withall thenecessaryinstructionstosendbackthegoods.
3 Whenyoureceive theauthorization,youcanreturn theunit.Pack it carefully
for the shipment, preferably using the original packing and seal the package
perfectly. The customer always assumes the risks of loss (i.e., R.V.R. is never
responsiblefor damageorloss), until thepackagereachesR.V.R. premises. For
this reason, we suggest you to insure the goods for the whole value. Shipment
must be effected C.I.F. (PREPAID) to the address specified by R.V.R.’s service
managerontheauthorization

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DO NOT RETURN UNITS WITHOUTOURAUTHORIZATIONAS THEY WILLBE
REFUSED
4 Besuretoencloseawrittentechnicalreportwherementionalltheproblemsfound
anda copy of your original invoice establishingthe startingdate of the warranty.
Replacement and warranty parts may be ordered from the following address. Be
sure to include the equipment model and serial number as well as part description
andpartnumber.
R.V.R. Elettronica SpA
Via del Fonditore, 2/2c
40138 BOLOGNA
ITALY
Tel. [phone]

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3. First Aid
Il personale impegnato nell’installazione, nell’uso e nella manutenzione
dell’apparecchiatura deve avere familiarità con la teoria e le pratiche di primo
soccorso.
3.1 Treatment of electrical shocks
3.1.1 If the victim is not responsive
Follow theA-B-C's of basic life support
• Placevictimflatonhisbackonahardsurface.
• Openairway: lift up neck, push forehead back (Fig. 3-1).
• clearout mouth if necessaryandobserveforbreathing
• if not breathing, begin artificial breathing (Figure 3-2): tilt head, pinch nostrils,
makeairtightseal,fourquickfullbreaths.Remembermouthtomouthresuscitation
must be commenced as soon as possible
Figure 3-1 Figure 3-2
• Check carotid pulse (Fig 3-3); if pulse is absent, begin artificial circulation
(Fig.3-4)depressingsternum(Fig. 3-5)
Figure 3-3 Figure 3-4 Figure 3-5
• Incase of only one rescuer, 15compressionsalternatedtotwobreaths.
• Ifthere are two rescuers, therythmshallbeof one brath each 5compressions.
• Do not interrupt the rythm of compressions when the second person is giving
breath.
• Call for medical assistance as soon as possible.

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3.1.2 If the victim is responsive
•Keepthemwarm
•Keep them as quiet as possible
•Loosentheirclothing (a reclining position is recommended)
•Call for medical help as soon as possible
3.2 Treatment of electrical Burns
3.2.1 Extensive burned and broken skin
•Cover area with cleansheetorcloth
•Donotbreakblisters,remove tissue, remove adhered particles of clothing, or
applyanysalveor ointment.
•Treat victim for shock as required.
•Arrangetransportationtoahospitalas quickly as possible.
•Ifarmsorlegsareaffectedkeepthemelevated
Ifmedicalhelpwillnotbeavailablewithinanhourandthe victimis consciousand not
vomiting,give himaweak solutionofsalt andsoda:1 levelteaspoonfulof saltand1/
2level teaspoonful of baking soda toeachquartofwater (neither hot or cold).Allow
victim to sip slowly about 4 ounces (half a glass) over a period of 15 minutes.
Discontinuefluid if vomiting occurs
DONOT give alcohol
3.2.2 Less severe burns
•Applycool (not ice cold) compresses using the cleansed available cloth article.
•Do not break blisters, remove tissue, remove adhered particles of clothing, or
applysalve orointment.
•Applyclean dry dressing if necessary.
•Treat victim for shock as required.
•Arrangetransportationtoahospital as quickly as possible
•Ifarmsorlegsareaffectedkeepthemelevated.

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4. General Description
RVRElettronica’sPJ1000M-Cisanextremelycompact(just3U)19”rack-mountable
broadband MOSFET RF power amplifier for FM audio broadcasting.
Itworkswithoutadjustmentinthewhole87.5-108MHZFMband,itsoverallefficiency
is about 70 %, so that its power consumption is just about 1450 W at its nominal
1000W RF output.
The RF power section is based on four SD2932 MOSFET, able to deliver 300 W
maximumeach.
The power supply is a switching mode with a maximum power output of 2 kW. It
includesPFC(PowerFactorCorrection)anditsefficiencyismorethan90%witha
powerfactor better than 95 %.
The PJ1000M is controlled by a microprocessor system including a LCD display,
implementingthefollowingfunctions:
• Measurementand display of the amplifier's working parameters
• activationand deactivation of the RF poweroutput
• protection of the amplifier against dangerous sistuations like exceeding output
poweror SWR, overdrive orovertemperature
• Uper-fast protection agains excesses of reflected power, temperature, current,
voltageand driving power
• Interactionwithexternaldevices usingthe telemetryconnector.
Theamplifier’smanagement softwareis menu-based.
Theusercannavigatethroughthedifferentmenusandchangetherelevantparameters
rotatingtheencoder leftorright.Theencoderwillbepressedto enterintoasubmenu
orto confirm and store into non volatile memory aparameter’snewvalue.
The status of the machine is summarized by a row of LEDs on the front panel. The
LEDsare red, yelloworgreenif they indicaterespectivelyafault, warning orcorrect
workingcondition.
Withtheknob,itispossibletoselectLOCALorREMOTEmode;theLOCALstatus
is also signalled by a LED on the front panel. LOCAL mode permits to control the
machineusing the buttons on the frontpanel,whileremote control (that is using the
telemetryconnector) is disabled. InREMOTEmode,the menu system canbeused
onlytoreadtheparameters,butcommandscanonlybegivenbytheremoteconnector.
Different working parameters are made available for the user on the telemetry
connector,as voltagelevelsthatare proportionalto thevalueoftheparameterunder
consideration.
A built-in low-pass filter keeps the harmonic emission level below CCIR and FCC
permittedlevels.

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5. Installation and Use
5.1 Preparation
Unpack the amplifier and before any other operation check the absence of any
damage due to the transportation. In particular, verify wether all the controls and
connectorson the front and rear panel are in good conditions.
The amplifier is designed to work on a mains supply of 230Vac ±10%. Mains
variations up to 15% are tolerated. Higher voltages (approx 265 V) will force the
intervention of the protection system (“Mains” LED) and the immediate tripping of
themachine.
Ifthemainssupply fallsbelow190 V,themanagementsystem willreducethe power
output to 500 W maximum. If the setting output power was under this value, no
reductionwill happen.
For mains supply below 165 V, the immediate tripping of the machine will happen,
as for voltage above 265 V. The amplifier will perform automatic restart as soon as
theproblem in the mains supplywillberemoved.
ThePJ1000M-C includesamains switchonthe rearpanel,completely breakingthe
mainssupply. Verifythat it is in the “Off”position.
Connect to the RF Input the RF Output of a suitable exciter (for example the RVR
Elettronica’sPTX30) usingaN-connectors terminatedcable;the excitershallbe set
forminimum power and OFF.
Linkthe “INTERLOCK OUT” connector of the amplifier totheinterlockconnectorof
theexciter, if available (it is in RVRElettronica’sexciters).
Connectthe RF output tothe antenna cableorto a suitable dummy load.
The apparatus is designed to work with a 50 Ohm nominal load, with low reflected
power (suggested VSWR < 1.2:1). This kind of load will ensure better efficiency,
lower working temperature, longer lasting life of the apparatus and less power
consumption.
Theantennaor dummyloadfeedershallbecorrectlyconnectedtotheoutputcoaxial
connectoroftheamplifier. Wesuggest to dothis operation “by hand”, i.e.not using
wrenchesor othertools.
Using cavity filters: The device can work with high Q - narrow band cavity filters.
Thestability of the device is not guaranteed for all adaptationconditionsandphase
angles.Whenthecavityfilteriswell-tuned,itwillofferapurelyresistiveimpedance
loadonlyatitstuningfrequency.Outofthisband,thecavityisareactiveloadwithany
phaseangle atthedifferentfrequencies, and thereflectionis practically infinite.The
amplifier,on itsside, is very wide-band(tensof MHz at-3dB), so thatitsloadis“not
correct”apart from the narrow tuningzoneofthe cavity filter. Furthermore, to obtain
itshighefficiency (class C..F) the output impedance of the amplifieris a functionof
theinputpower.

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It is extremely important to keep the PJ1000M-C in correct driving condition,
sothat the output impedance will be controlled by itsmicroprocessor system.
Connecta proper cabletotheamplifier’smains input.Amainsplug is deliveredwith
theamplifier.
WARNING: Itisessentialthattheunitisproperlyearthed toensure boththesafetyof
operatonas well as the correct working of the equipment.
5.2 Use
SwitchON the amplifier andverify the green “PWS OK”LED being it. The LCDwill
showa screenful indicating the forwardandreflectedpower.
Contrary to many analogous devices, the PJ1000M-C includes a featureful
managementand controlsystemfor the driving(input)power, independent fromthe
kindandmakeoftheexciter.
Atstart-up,theexciterisconnected withan internalrelaytoa50 Ohm/ 50Wdummy
load.Onlyiftheinputpowerlevelisinsidethe permittedwindow thestart-up ciclewill
betriggered and thepoweroutput will beenabled.Thedriving condition isindicated
by three LEDs on the front panel (yellow = not enough input power, green = input
power OK, blinking red = too much input power, red = input power excess with
disconnectionofthedriverandprotectionintervention).It’simportanttoalwayoperate
withcorrect driving power, that is around 18 W.
Switchthe exciter on (to minimum power level) and wait for it to lock on the working
frequency.Whenthelockedconditionisreached,progressivelyincreaseitsoutput
power,while checkingtheLEDsonthefrontpaneloftheamplifier.Atlowinputpower,
theyellow“AGCLOW”LEDisonandthegreen“AGCOK”LEDisoff.Keepincreasing
the exciter output: the two LEDs will start blinking alternatively. In this status, the
amplifier starts emitting RF power, and on the machine’s display the FWD power
increasesup to the value stored in the filed “PWRSET”.
Increase the exciter’s output power until the LED “AGC LOW” goes off and “AGC
OK”islit.Thisistheoptimumdrivingcondition.
ThePJ1000M-C is normally delivered with theoutputpowersetlow (approx 50 W).
Thepowersettingcan be performed directly or indirectly,dependingon the exciter
beingconnectedadactiveornot.
The default screenful reports two power indications: on the upper line, PWRSET
indicates the setting value, while on the bottom line the current output power (both
forward and reflected) is given. Pushing the knob, the indication “PWRSET” starts
blinking,and rotatingtheencoder thesettingvaluewill bemodifiedas needed.Ifthe
exciter is on and the amplifier’s output power is enabled, the actual emitted power
willfollowinreal-timethesetting value.Pushingagaintheknob thenew valuewillbe
stored. If the exciter is off, as soon as it will be switched on the output power will
reachthe settingvaluewitha ramp (soft-start).

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Adjusting the output power of the amplifier acting on the output power of the
exciter is not possible: when the input power goes below the minimum
threshold the amplifier’s power output is disabled. This kind of regulation
would in fact change the amplifier’s class, with bad consequences on gain,
efficiency and stability.
At this point, it is possible for the user to verify all the working parameters of the
amplifierusing the managementsoftware.
Normally,thedevicedoesn’trequireany humansupervisionforitsnormaloperation.
If any alarm condition arise, these are automatically managed by the embedded
protection system, and notified to the user with the LEDs on the panel or via
messages on the LCD display. When an alarm condition arises, a temporary
deactivation of the output power is performed. If the alarm condition is still there at
the reactivation of the power output, a new deactivation/reactivation cycle will be
performed.After9suchcycles,theamplifierisdefinitivelyswitchedoff,and the red
LED "fault" on the front panel is lit.The cause of the fault is stored in memory. The
alarmscounters are reset if noalarmarises for 45’.
For example, reflected power above 100 W causes an immediate intervention of
theprotectionsystem.Themachinewillbedeactivatedandreactivatedupto9times.
Afterthiscyclesnumber,theamplifier will be definitely blocked (LED “Fault” lit) with
theindicationofthecauseofthefault(LED“P.REF”lit).Amanualresetbytheoperator,
localorremote,isrequiredforthemachinetorestart.
NOTE: If the amplifier is in “remote” mode, no local modification is possible.
Remotemode is prioritaire.Before resetting the alarms, it’snecessary to pass
in “local” mode!
5.3 Encoder
The PJ1000M-C’s control system is based on a LCD and a knob (“encoder”). With
this system the user can check and modify all the configurations, like powerlevel,
poweroutput activation, local or remote mode.
The interaction between the user and the exciter’s control software is performed
usingthe encoder.
Theoperations supported by the encoder are:
•rotating: scrollsthe submenus, modifies the parameters
•pushing: selects the parameter to be modified, stores the value and accepts a
selection

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6. Software
Theamplifierisfitted with a two lines LCD showing a setof menus. In some cases,
themenureportstheindication“Push toProgram”: inthiscase,pushingthe encoder
willenable the modification of the parameter, ifnecessary.
Thischaptergivesthedescriptionofallthemenusastheyare displayedon theLCD,
startingfrom the main menu androtatingtheencoder clockwise.
6.1 Main Menu
Thisis the default screenful,displaiedatstart-up. The information givenhereinare:
• Powersetting
• ForwardpowerinWatts(FWD)
• Reflectedpower in Watts(REF)
Thedesiredoutputpowerlevelis set in this menu.To perform this operation, press
the encoder knob for a few seconds, that is until the “PWRSET” indication starts
blinking.Thenturntheencoderuntil the PWRSET value matches the desired level
andfinally press the encoder to storethesetting.
6.2 RF Power in menu
Thisinformational screenful reportsthe detailsabouttheamplifier’sinput power:
• Forwardpower (FWD)
• Reflectedpower (REF)
Thesevaluesaremeasuredinsidetheamplifierbyadirectional coupler board.

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6.3 Power Amplifier menu
Thisscreenful reports the powersupplystatusof the RF amplifier:
• Voltage (VPA)
•Current (IPWS)
VPAisthevoltageatthe inputoftheRFmodules. Notethatthe outputpowerlevel of
theamplifier is controlled varyingthisvoltage.
IPWSis the current at the outputofthepowersupply,that is the sum of thecurrents
absorbedby the modules..
6.4 Power modules current menu
Thisscreenfulreportsthecurrentabsorbed bythe “Right”coupleofRFmodules (IR)
andthe “Left” couple (IR).Thiscanbe useful fordiagnosticpourpouses.
6.5 Temperature menu
ThisscreenfulreportsthetemperatureoftheRFsectionoftheamplifier.Thisvalueis
usefulto check the correct working ofthemachineandof the air flow.

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6.6 Alarms menu
This menu gives to the user all the information related to the embedded protection
systemof the amplifier..
It comprises a number of sub-menus, each containing the name of the variable
checked by the protection system and the number of the protection interventions,
dueto this variable, performed bythesystem.
Chapter6.1.7describesallthemonitoredvariables.
Toaccess thesubmenus,first push theencoder.Than, rotatingtheknobwilldisplay
thepages related to the different variables.
The firs line describes the kind of alarm, the second indicates the number of the
relatedprotectioninterventions.Whenthenumberofthe protectioninterventionsofa
singlevariablereachestheconfiguredmaximumof9,theamplifiergoesinpermanent
protection mode: the power supply and thus the power output is disabled and the
LED“Fault” on thefrontpanelis lit. Thedisplaywillshow the followingscreenful:
Tolet the machine restart,removethecauseofthe misfunctioning (for example the
antennafeeder is badlyconnected)andpush the encoder.
Thelast of the submenus of the alarm menu isusedtogetbackto the main menu:

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6.7 Alarms sub-menus
Maximumpermitted reflected power
Maximumpermitted forward power
Maximuminput power
Maximumpermittedtemperatureatthe
RFamplifier section
Maximumpermittedcurrentfortheright
coupleof MOSFET modules
Maximumpermittedcurrentfor the left
coupleof MOSFET modules
Maximumpermittedtemperatureatthe
powersupply section
Minimum permitted power supply
voltage

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External alarm generated on the
connector“ExternalSet”.
External alarm generated on the
connectors“ExternalSet”e“InterlockIn”
6.8 Mode Selection menu
Thismenu configures the remotecontrolfeaturesof the power amplifier.
Pushingthe encoder,theexternal interlockconfigurationmenuis displayed.
Rotatingtheencoder,putthe cursor on the desired choice.
Theexternalinterlockpermitstoanexternaldevice,forexample atelemetry system,
toinhibit the power output of the PJ1000M-C, using the connectors “EXT SET” and
“INTRLKIN” onthebackofthe machine.
If you enable this feature but you dont provide to the external connectors the
required signals, the PJ1000M-C will find itself in an alarm condition and will
quickly go to the “Fault” state. Never enable this feature if you don’t know
exactly what you do.
Pushingtheencodertheperformedchoicewillbestored,andthe display will show
thefollowing page:

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Inthispagetheusercanselecttoenableordisabletheremotecontroloftheamplifier,
thatis performed using the plug “TLC-TLS”ontherearpanel.
InREMOTE mode,the machine will not be controlled bythe encoderanymore.
In particular, it’s not possible to switch the power ON and OFF, nor to adjust
the output power. Never put the PJ1000M-C in Remote mode if you don’t
know exaxtly what you do.
Pushingthe encoder you willconfirmyouchoice and pass tothenextscreen:
Pushingthe encoder you will go backtothemainmanus.
6.9 Power menu
This screenful permits to switch ON and OFF the RF power of amplifier. When the
amplifierisswitchedofffromthismenu,thepowersupplytotheRFamplifiermodules
iscutandtheinputrelay connects any exciter power to an internal dummy load, so
thatno RF power will be emitted on air. Pushing once the encoder knob, you will be
giventhe chance to confirm orrefusetheoperation:
Rotatetheknobtomakeyourchoiceandpresstheencodertoconfirm.