Respironics ESPRIT 580-1000-02 User manual
RESPIRONICS
INC*
ESPRIT
VENTILATOR
SERVICE
MANUAL
Part
Number
580-1000-02
Revision
A
ESPRIT
SERVICE
MANUAL
RES
PI
CONICS
INC’
1
INTRODUCTION
AND
INTENDED
USE.1-5
1.
l
Recommended
Tools
and
Test
Equipment
.
..l
-6
2
WARNINGS
AND
CAUTIONS.
2
-9
2.
l
Summary
of
Warnings
and
Cautions.2-9
3
ESPRIT
VENTILATOR
THEORY
OF
OPERATION.3-11
3.1
System
Overview.3-11
3.2
Pneumatic
System.3-11
3.3
Delivery
System.3-14
3.3.1
Blower
Inlet
Filter
(FI)
.
3
-14
3.3.2
Cooling
Fan
Filter
.
3
-15
3.3.3
Muffler
(Silencer)
.
3
-15
3.3.4
Blower
.
3
-15
3.3.5
Cooling
Coil
.
3
-15
3.3.6
Cooling
Coil
Fan
.
3
-15
3.3.7
Air
Valve
(AV)
.
3
-15
3.3.8
Air
Flow
Sensor
(FS1)
.
3
-15
3.3.9
Oxygen
Inlet
Connector
(02)
.
3
-15
3.3.10
Oxygen
Inlet
Check
Valve
(CV1)
.
3
-16
3.3.11
Oxygen
Water
Trap/Inlet
Filter
Assembly
(F2)
.
3
-16
3.3.12
Oxygen
Supply
Pressure
Switch
(PS1)
.
3
-16
3.3.13
Oxygen
Regulator
(REG
1)
.
3
-16
3.3.14
Oxygen
Valve
(OV)
.
3
-16
3.3.15
Oxygen
Flow
Sensor
(FS2)
.
3
-16
3.3.16
Crossover
Solenoid
(SOL
1)
.
3
-16
3.3.17
Cross
Contamination
Check
Valve
(CV5)
.
3
-17
3.4
Inspiratory
System.3-17
3.4.1
Safety
Valve
Pilot
Solenoid
(SOL
2)
.
3
-17
3.4.2
Safety
Valve
(SV)
.
3
-17
3.4.3
Air
System
Check
Valve
(CV2)
.
3
-17
3.4.4
Inspiratory
Non-rebreathing
Check
Valve
(CV3)
.
3
-17
3.4.5
Pressure
Relief
Valve
(PRV)
.
3
-18
3.4.6
Oxygen
Sensor
(OS)
.
3
-18
3.4.7
Inspiratory
Pressure
Transducer
(PT3)
.
3
-18
3.4.8
Inspiratory
Pressure
Transducer
Solenoid
(SOL
4)
.
3
-18
3.5
Exhalation
System.3-18
3.5.7
Heated
Exhalation
Filter
(F3)
.
3
-18
3.5.2
Exhalation
Pressure
Transducer
(PT2)
.
3
-19
3.5.3
Exhalation
Pressure
Transducer
Solenoid
(SOL
3)
.
3
-19
3.5.4
Exhalation
Non-Rebreathing
Check
Valve
(CV4)
.
3
-19
3.5.5
Exhalation
Valve
(EV)
.
3
-19
3.5.6
Exhalation
Flow
Sensor
(FS3)..„
.
3
-19
3.6
Ventilator
System
Electronics.3-20
3.6.1
Overview
.3-20
3.6.2
MainPCBA
.
3
-20
3.6.3
CPUPCBA
.
3
-21
3.6.4
Analog
PCBA
.
3
-21
3.6.5
Digital
PCBA
.
3
-22
3.6.6
VGA
Controller
PCBA
.
3
-22
3.6.7
Blower
Controller
PCBA
.
3
-22
3.6.8
Motor
Controller
PCBAs
.
3
-22
3.6.9
Sensor
PCBA
.
3
-23
3.6.10
Man
Machine
Interface
(MMI)
PCBA
.
3
-23
580-1000-02
revision
A
1-1
ESPRIT
SERVICE
MANUAL
RESP1RONICS
INC'
3.6.11
Power
Supply
.
5
-23
3.
6.12
Backlight
Inverter
PCBA
.
3
-24
3.6.13
Real-Time
Clock
Battery
.
3
-24
4
PERIODIC
MAINTENANCE.4-26
5
VENTILATOR
DIAGNOSTIC
PROGRAMS
&
TEST-
5-27
5.1
Accessing
Diagnostic
Tests.5-27
5.2
User
Configuration.5-27
5.2
.1
Changing
the
Date
and
Time
.
5
-28
5.2.2
Setting
the
Time
Format
.
5
-28
5.2.3
Altitude
.
5
-29
5.2.4
Compliance
Enable
.
5
-29
5.3
Short
Self
Test
(SST).5-29
5.3.1
Equipment
Required
for
the
SST
.
5
-29
5.3.2
Running
the
SST
.5-30
5.4
The
Extended
SelfTest
(EST).5-30
5.4.1
Equipment
Required
for
the
Extended
Self
Test
.5-30
5.4.2
Running
the
Extended
Self
Test
.
5
-31
5.5
Software
Identification.5-32
5.6
Diagnostic
Codes.5-33
5.6.1
Accessing
Diagnostic
Codes
.
5
-33
5.6.2
Interpreting
Diagnostic
Codes
.
5
-36
5.6.3
Information
...«•.5-49
5.6.4
Option
Keys
.
5
-49
5.7
Hardware
Diagnostics.5-49
5.7
.1
Controllable
Hardware
.
5
-49
5.8
Status
Displays.5-51
5.9
Software
Download
Instructions.5-52
5.9
.1
Downloading
Software
into
the
Ventilator.
.5-52
5.10
Pneumatic
Component
Troubleshooting.5-55
5.10.1
Oxygen
Valve
.
5
-56
5.10.2
Oxygen
Flow
Sensor
.5-56
5.10.3
Oxygen
Regulator
.
5
-57
5.10.4
Air
Valve
.
5
-57
5.70.5
Air
Flow
Sensor
.
5
-58
5.10.6
Inhalation
and
Exhalation
Solenoids
.
5
-58
5.10.7
Safety
Valve
and
Safety
Solenoid
.
5
-58
5.10.8
Pressure
Relief
Valve
.5-59
5.70.9
Crossover
Solenoid
.5-59
5.70.70
Exhalation
Flow
Sensor
.5-59
5.70.77
Check
Valve
1
.
5
-60
5.10.12
Check
Valve
2
.
5
-60
5.10.13
Check
Valve
3
.
5
-60
5.10.14
Check
Valve
4
.
5
-61
5.7
0.75
Flter
Heater
.
5
-61
5.10.16
Blower
.5-67
5.10.17
Inhalation
and
Exhalation
Pressure
Transducers
.
5-67
5.10.18
Oxygen
Pressure
Switch
.
*.5-62
5.10.19
External
Oxygen
Sensor.
.5-62
6
PERFORMANCE
VERIFICATION....6-63
6.1
Test
Equipment
Required.6-63
6.2
Service
Accessories
Required.6-63
6.3
Preliminary
Ventilator
Cleaning
and
Inspection.6-64
580-1000-02
revision
A
1-2
ESPRIT
SERVICE
MANUAL
RESPIRONICS
INC*
6.4
Preliminary
RT-200
Setup.6-64
6.5
Performance
Verification
Procedures.6-65
6.5.1
Electrical
Safety
Test
(Test
1)
.
6
-65
6.5.2
Extended
Self
Test
(Test
2)
.
6-65
6.5.3
Voltage
Wrap
Test
(Test
3)
.
6
-66
6.5.4
Air
Flow
Accuracy
Test
(Test
4)
.
6
-66
6.5.5
Oxygen
Flow
Accuracy
Test
(Test
5)
.
6
-68
6.5.6
Pressure
Accuracy
Test
(Test
6)
.
6
-69
6.5.7
PEEP
System
Test
(Test
7)
.
6
-69
6.5.8
Alarm
Volume
Control
and
Nurses
Call
Test
(Test
8)
.
6
-72
6.5.9
Maximum
Flow
Delivery
Test
(Test
9)
...
6
-72
6.5.10
Gas
Volume
Accuracy
Test
(Test
10)
.
6
-73
6.5.11
Oxygen
Accuracy
Test
(Test
11)
.
6
-74
6.5.12
Heated
Exhalation
Bacteria
Filter
Test
and
Power
Fail
Alarm
(Test
12)
.
6
-75
6.6
Returning
Ventilator
to
Operation.6-75
6.7
Performance
Verification
Troubleshooting/Repair.6-75
6.7.1
Test
1:
Electrical
Safety
Test
.
6
-76
6.7.2
Test
2:
Extended
Self
Test
.
6
-76
6.7.3
Test
3:
Voltage
Wrap
Test
.
6
-76
6.7.4
Test
4:
Air
Flow
Accuracy
Test.
.
6
-
77
6.7.5
Test
5:
Oxygen
Flow
Accuracy
Test
.
6
-77
6.7.6
Test
6:
Pressure
Accuracy
Test
.
6
-
77
6.7.7
Test
7:
PEEP
System
Test
.
6
-78
6.7.8
Test
8:
Alarm
Volume
Control
and
Nurses
Call
.
6
-78
6.7.9
Test
9:
Maximum
Flow
Delivery
Test
.
6
-78
6.7.10
Test
10:
Gas
Volume
Accuracy
Test
.
6
-79
6.7.11
Test
11:
Oxygen
Percentage
Accuracy
Test
.
6
-79
6.7.12
Test
12:
Heated
Exhalation
Bacteria
Filter
and
Power
Failure
Alarm
Test
.
6
-79
6.8
Performance
Verification
Data
Form.6-80
7
COMPONENT
REMOVAL/INSTALLATION
PROCEDURES.7-85
7.
l
Sub-assembly
and
Component
Removal/Installation
Flow
Chart.7-85
7.2
Tools
Required.7-86
7.3
Removal
of
top
Enclosure.7-86
7.4
Installation
of
Top
Enclosure.7-87
7.5
Removal
of
Sensor
PCBA.7-88
7.6
Installation
of
Sensor
PCBA.7-89
7.7
Removal
of
Power
Supply
Fan.7-89
7.8
Installation
of
Power
Supply
Fan.7-90
7.9
Removal
of
Backlight
Inverter
PCBA.7-90
7.10
Installation
of
b
acklight
Inverter
PCB
A.7-90
7.11
Removal
of
Power
Supply.7-90
7.12
Installation
of
Power
Supply.7-91
7.13
Removal
of
MMI
PCBA...7-93
7.14
Installation
of
MMI
PCBA.7-94
7.15
Removal
of
GUI
Assembly...7-94
7.16
Installation
ofGUI
Assembly.7-95
7.17
Removal
of
Intensity
and
Volume
Potentiometers.7-96
7.18
Installation
of
Intensity
and
Volume
Potentiometers.7-96
7.19
Removal
of
Control
Knob
Rotary
Encoder...7-98
7.20
Installation
of
Control
Knob
Rotary
Encoder.7-98
7.21
Removal
of
VGA
Display
Assembly.7-98
7.22
Installation
of
VGA
Display
assembly.7-98
7.23
Removal
of
Touch
Screen/LED
Indicator
Assembly
and
Bezel.7-98
7.24
Installation
of
Touch
Screen/LED
indicator
Assembly
and
Bezel...7-99
580-1000-02
revision
A
1-3
ESPRIT
SERVICE
MANUAL
RESPJR0NK5
INC'
7.25
7.26
7.27
7.28
7.29
7.30
7.31
7.32
7.33
7.34
7.35
7.36
7.37
7.38
7.39
7.40
7.41
7.42
7.43
7.44
7.45
7.46
7.47
7.48
7.49
7.50
7.51
7.52
7.53
7.54
7.55
7.56
7.57
7.58
7.59
7.60
7.61
7.62
7.63
7.64
7.65
7.66
7.67
7.68
7.69
7.70
7.71
7.72
Removal
of
Back-Up
Alarm.7-99
Installation
of
Back-Up
Alarm.7-99
Removal
of
AC
Distribution
Panel.7-100
Installation
of
AC
Distribution
Panel.7-100
Removal
of
Printed
Circuit
Boards
(excluding
Main
PCBA).7-102
Installation
of
Printed
Circuit
Boards
(excluding
Main
PCBA).7-102
Removal
of
Main
PCBA.7-102
Installation
of
Main
PCBA.7-103
Removal
of
Power
Switch.7-103
Installation
of
Power
Switch.7-104
Removal
of
FI02
Connector.7-104
Installation
of
FI02
Connector.7-104
Removal
of
Exhalation
Flow
Sensor.7-104
Installation
of
Exhalation
Flow
Sensor.7-105
Removal
of
Exhalation
Valve
Assembly.7-106
Installation
of
Exhalation
Valve
Assembly.7-107
Removal
of
Primary
Alarm.7-108
Installation
of
Primary
Alarm.7-108
Removal
of
Filter
Heater
Assembly.7-108
Installation
of
Filter
Heater
Assembly.7-109
Removal
of
Oxygen
Flow
sensor...7-109
Installation
of
Oxygen
Flow
Sensor.7-109
Removal
of
Inspiratory
Manifold
Assembly.7-109
Installation
of
Inspiratory
Manfold
Assembly.7-110
Removal
of
3
Station
Solenoid
Assembly.7-111
Installation
of
3
Station
Solenoid
Assembly.7-113
Removal
of
Air
Flow
Sensor...7-113
Installation
of
Air
Flow
Sensor.7-113
Removal
of
Blower
(Air)
Valve
Assembly.7-114
Installation
of
Blower
(Air)
Valve
Assembly.7-114
Removal
of
Oxygen
Valve
Assembly.7-115
Installation
of
Oxygen
Valve
Assembly.7-116
Removal
of
Crossover
Solenoid
Assembly...7-116
Installation
of
Crossover
Solenoid
Assembly.7-117
Removal
of
Oxygen
Regulator
Assembly
(including
Oxygen
Pressure
Swttch)
....
7-117
Installation
of
Oxygen
Regulator
Assembly
(including
Oxygen
Pressure
Swttch)7-1
17
Removal
of
Elapsed
Time
Meter...7-118
Installation
of
Elapsed
Time
Meter.7-118
Removal
of
Oxygen
Water
Trap/Inlet
Filter
Assembly.7-119
Installation
of
Oxygen
Water
Trap/Inlet
Filter
Assembly.7-119
Removal
of
Blower
Controller
PCBA.7-120
Installation
ofBlower
Controller
PCBA..
.7-120
Removal
of
Blower
Assembly
.7-120
Installation
of
Blower
Assembly
.
„.7-121
Removal
of
Blower
Muffler
Assembly...7-122
Installation
of
Blower
Muffler
Assembly.7-123
Removal
of
Cooling
Fan/Cooling
Coil
Assembly.7-123
Installation
of
Cooling
Fan/Cooung
Coil
Assembly.7-123
8
WHERE
TO
GO
FOR
HELP
8-125
9
ESPRIT
VENTILATOR
REPLACEMENT
PARTS
LIST..
9-127
580-1000-02
revision
A
1-4
ESPRIT
SERVICE
MANUAL
RESPIRONtCS
fNC'
1
INTRODUCTION
AND
INTENDED
USE
The
Esprit
Mechanical
Ventilator
is
a
microprocessor-controlled,
electrically
powered
mechanical
ventilator.
It
is
intended
for
use
by
qualified
medical
personnel
to
provide
continuous
or
intermittent
ventilatory
support
for
adult
and
pediatric
patients
as
prescribed
by
a
physician.
The
E
sprit
Mechanical
Ventilator
is
intended
for
use
in
either
invasive
or
non-invasive
applications.
The
E
sprit
Mechanical
Ventilator
meets
or
exceeds
all
applicable
safety
requirements,
consensus
guidelines,
US
regulatory
statutes,
and
international
regulatory
standards
for
life
support
mechanical
ventilation
devices.
Read
this
manual
thoroughly
prior
to
performing
service
or
maintenance
on
the
E
sprit
Mechanical
Ventilator.
This
manual
contains
advanced
troubleshooting
calibration,
and
maintenance
instructions
for
the
Esprit
Mechanical
Ventilator
Service
Manual.
All
maintenance
and
repair
work
should
be
performed
by
qualified
biomedical
technicians
who
have
received
appropriate
training
and
authorization
to
provide
maintenance,
repair,
and
service
for
the
Esprit
Mechanical
Ventilator.
Review
the
accompanying
operators
manual
and
become
familiar
with
E
sprit
Mechanical
Ventilator
operation
before
running
tests,
checking
operational
readiness
or
initiating
patient
use.
Important,
essential
information
about
ventilator
safety
and
operation
is
included
in
the
operators
manual.
For
additional
information
about
accessories
or
related
equipment,
such
as
humidifiers
and
remote
alarm
systems,
refer
to
the
appropriate
instruction
manual
prior
to
operating
with
the
Esprit
Mechanical
Ventilator.
Warning
-
Patients
on
life-support
equipment
should
be
visually
monitored
by
competent
medical
personnel,
since
life-threatening
circumstances
may
arise
that
may
not
activate
alarms.
The
operator
should
heed
all
appropriate
alarms
and
follow
the
instructions
and
warnings
in
this
service
manual.
Always
check
life-support
equipment
for
proper
operation
before
use.
A
complete
listing
of
all
applicable
warnings
and
cautions
are
provided
in
the
E
sprit
V
entilator
Operator’s
Manual.
Review
these
notices
thoroughly
before
operating
the
ventilator.
5801000-02
revision
A
1-5
RESPIRONJCS
INC*
ESPRIT
SERVICE
MANUAL
11
Recommended
Tools
and
Test
Equipment
The
recommended
tools,
test
equipment
and
service
materials
needed
to
properly
service
and
maintain
the
E
sprit
Ventilator
are
listed
in
Table
1.1.
Alternate
test
equipment
may
be
used
provided
it
is
equivalent
to
the
recommended
test
equipment
and
meets
the
requirements
stated
in
Table
1.2.
Table
1-1:
Recommended
Test
E
quipment,
T
ools
and
Service
Materials
Description
Manufacturer
and
Model
(incL
Respironics
Part
No.
if
applicable)
Test
Equipment
Digital
Multimeter
(DMM)
accurate
to
3
decimal
places
Local
Supplier
Pneumatic
calibration
analyzer
capable
of
measuring
low
pressure
(cmH20),
high
pressure
(PSI),
flowrate
(LPM),
and
volume
(liters)
Allied
Healthcare
RT-200
or
equivalent.
Note:
The
baibed
fitting
and
mit,
which
are
accessories
for
the
RT-200,
are
required
for
high
pressure
measurements.
Electrical
Safety
Analyzer
Ohmic
Instruments
SI-100
or
equivalent
Oxygen
Monitor
with
accuracy
of
+,
2%
Lifecare
Oxygen
Analyzer/
Alarm
(P/
N
28-001)
or
equivalent
Ventilator
Accessories
Tubing,
silicon,
3/16
in.
ID
x
6.5
feet,
PAP
Reusable
Adult
Patient
Circuit
Tubes
(qty
2)
60”
Smooth
Bore
Smooth-Bor
403-60
or
equivalent
Reusable
Patient
Wye
22
mm
OD/
15mm
ID
Local
Supplier
Rubber
Cork
P/N
1001735
or
equivalent_
Coupling,
silicone
rubber
P/N
C06-348
or
equivalent
Tee,
plastic
w/
silicon
rubber
coupling
Connector,
plastic,
22
mm
OD
l/i
w
niaiMBiiiflMH
Adapter,
02
Sensor
Hand
Tools
and
Materials
Pliers
Local
Supplier
N
eedle
N
osed
Pliers
Local
Supplier
Metric
Hex
Key
Set
(rounded
ends)
1.5
mm
to
4
mm
Local
Supplier
Standard
Hex
Key
Set
(rounded
ends)
.050
to
3/
32”
Local
Supplier
Pen
size
Flat
head
screwdriver
Local
Supplier
Pen
size
Phillips-head
screwdriver
Local
Supplier
#
2
Flat
head
screwdriver
Local
Supplier
#
3
Flat
head
screwdriver
Local
Supplier
#
2
Phillips
head
screwdriver
Local
Supplier
580-1000-02
revision
A
1-6
ESPRIT
SERVICE
MANUAL
RESPIRONICS
INC'
Table
1-2:
Recommended
Test
Equipment,
Tools
and
Service
Materials
Description
Hand
Tools
and
Materials
(Cant)
5/16”
open
end
wrench
1
4”
open
end
wrench
11/16”
open
end
wrench
end
or
box
wrench
W
open
end
wrench
7/16”
open
end
wrench
7/32”
socket
wrench
or
socket
wrench
9/
32”
socket
wrench
with
removable
6”
extension
bar
end
wrench
or
socket
wrench
5.5
mm
open
end
wrench
7
mm
8
mm
box
ratchet
#
10
mwtric
open
end
wrench
#10
metric
socket
wrench
Nurses
Call
Test
Cable
Angled
tweezers
Wire
cutters
T
ie
Wraps
(medium)
T
ie
Wraps
(small)
Tie
Wrap
Gun
Thread
T
a
Loctite
222
Manufacturer
and
Model
(incL
Respiionics
Part
N
o.
if
applicable)
BBS
ator
Pressure
Test
Adapter
Static
Dissipative
Field
Service
Kit
Mild
detergent
_
PC
or
Laptop
(only
needed
for
downloading
software)
Standard
RS-232
Null
ModemCable
(9-pin)
Local
Local
Local
Local
Local
Local
Local
Local
Supplier
Supplier
Supplier
Supplier
Supplier
Supplier
Supplier
Supplier
553
end
wrench
Local
S
Ess
Local
Supplier
Local
Supplier
lier
Local
Supplier
Local
Supplier
Local
Supplier
P/N
1001375
Local
Supplier
Local
Supplier
P/N
500-1000-62
P/N
500-1000-66
Local
Supplier
Local
Supplier
_
P/N
98-016
P/N
33-408
P/N
1001376
Local
Supplier
Local
Supplier
Required:
Windows
95
or
greater,
Serial
Port
and
Disk
Drive
_
Local
Supplier
580-1000-02
revision
A
ESPRIT
SERVICE
MANUAL
RESPIRONICS
INC*
Table
1-3:
Specifications
for
E
equivalent
Test
E
quipment
580-1000-02
revision
A
1-8
ESPRIT
SERVICE
MANUAL
RESPiRONICS
INC’
2
WARNINGS
AND
CAUTIONS
Throughout
this
manual,
the
following
definitions
apply.
WARNING:
A
condition
that
could
cause
injury
to
a
patient
or
operator
if
the
operating
instructions
in
this
manual
are
not
followed
correctly.
CAUTION:
A
condition
that
could
cause
damage
to,
or
shorten
the
service
life
of,
the
E
sprit
Mechanical
Ventilator.
2.1
Summary
of
Warnings
and
Cautions.
Warning
-
Emergency
air
intake
near
the
Oxygen
Water
Trap/Inlet
Filter
Assembly
should
not
be
obstructed.
WARNING
-
The
patient
must
be
disconnected
from
the
ventilator
before
entering
the
diagnostic
mode
since
normal
ventilation
is
suspended.
WARNING
-
Do
not
use
a
ventilator
that
has
failed
SST
without
verifying
operational
readiness
by
other
means.
Doing
so
may
place
a
patient
at
risk.
WARNING
-
Never
initiate
an
SST
while
the
patient
is
connected
to
the
ventilator.
The
high
airway
pressures
generated
during
SST
can
injure
a
patient.
WARNING
-
Do
not
use
a
ventilator
that
has
failed
EST
without
verifying
operational
readiness
by
other
means.
Doing
so
may
place
a
patient
at
risk
WARNING
-
Never
initiate
an
EST
while
the
patient
is
connected
to
the
ventilator.
The
high
airway
pressures
and
gas
flows
generated
during
E
ST
can
injure
a
patient.
WARNING
-
Never
troubleshoot
while
a
patient
is
connected
to
the
ventilator
since
normal
operation
is
suspended.
Warning
-If
the
ventilator
has
been
in
operation,
the
heater
conductor
may
be
hot.
WARNING
-
Use
caution
when
removing
the
filter
since
the
heater
conductor
may
be
hot.
Warning
-
To
prevent
disease
transmission,
use
protective
equipment
when
handling
contaminated
bacterial
filters
or
other
patient
accessories.
WARNING
-
Always
disconnect
external
AC
and
DC
power
sources
and
high-pressure
oxygen
sources
from
the
ventilator
before
servicing.
580-1000-02
revision
A
2-9
ESPRIT
SERVICE
MANUAL
RESPIRONICS
INC*
Warning
verify
that
the
AC
and
external
DC
power
sources
are
disconnected
from
the
ventilator
since
the
Power
Supply
contains
voltage
components.
Warning
—
v
erify
that
the
AC
and
external
DC
power
sources
are
disconnected
from
the
ventilator
since
the
Backlight
Inverter
PCBA
generates
high
voltage.
Warning
verify
that
the
AC
and
external
DC
power
sources
are
disconnected
from
the
ventilator
since
the
AC
Distribution
Panel
contains
high
voltage
components.
Warning
-
Explosion
haz
a
rd.
Do
not
operate
the
ventilator
in
the
presence
of
flammable
anesthetic
agents.
CAUTION
-
The
10,000
Hour
PM
Kit
is
to
be
installed
only
by
a
qualified
service
technician.
The
kit
includes
installation
instructions
and
replacement
parts.
CAUTION
-
Always
ensure
that
you
are
following
proper
E
SD
grounding
procedures
before
handling
Static
Sensitive
Devices
(SSD).
CAUTION
-
Be
careful
not
to
pull
or
crimp
any
cables,
tubes
or
wires.
CAUTION
-
Troubleshooting
and
repair
should
be
performed
only
by
a
qualified
service
technician.
CAUTION
-
Do
not
modify
oxygen
D.I.S.S.
connector
on
rear
panel.
Use
only
Medical
grade
02.
580-1000-02
revision
A
2-10
ESPRIT
SERVICE
MANUAL
RE5PIRONICS
IHC'
3
E
sprit
Ventilator
Theory
of
Operation
3.1
System
Overview
The
E
sprit
mechanical
ventilator
is
a
microprocessor-controlled
device
capable
of
delivering
air,
oxygen,
or
a
mixture
of
air
and
oxygen
to
the
patient’s
lungs
in
a
predetermined
manner
to
augment
or
replace
the
work
normally
performed
by
the
patient’s
respiratory
system.
It
employs
all
of
the
electro-mechanical
control
circuits,
flow
and
pressures
monitors
and
software
programs
necessary
to
perform
breath
delivery
as
either
a
flow
or
pressure
controller.
The
E
sprit
mechanical
ventilator
also
includes
a
graphical
user
interface,
built-in
internal
blower,
integral
air-oxygen
blender,
and
is
capable
of
operating
from
a
40
to
90
psig
(276-621
kPa)
medical
grade
oxygen
source
at
a
200
LPM
(BTPS)
maximum
flow.
It
also
includes
multiple
communications
interfaces
and
an
internal
power
supply
capable
of
running
off
of
100
to
240
VAC
50/60
Hz
or
24
VDC.
3-2
Pneumatic
System
The
Esprit
mechanical
ventilator
device
pneumatic
system
consists
of
the
following
subsystems
illustrated
in
Figure
3*1:
•
Internal
Blower
(Air
Source)
•
I
nspiratory
Module
•
Heated
E
xhalation
F
ilter
Assembly
•
E
xhalation
V
alve
Assembly
•
Elearomedianical
Controls
•
User
Interface,
including
front
panel
indicators
and
keys,
touch
screen
and
graphical
user
interface
The
internal
blower
assembly
generates
the
air
pressure
necessary
for
breath
delivery,
consequently
an
external,
medical
grade
source
of
compressed
air
is
not
required
Wall
oxygen
pressure
is
regulated
by
an
internal
regulator.
The
CPU
controls
the
blower
valve,
oxygen
valve
and
exhalation
valve
through
their
respective
motor
controller
PCBAs
based
on
the
operator
selected
parameters.
As
flow
is
delivered
to
the
patient,
these
gases
are
monitored
by
the
air
and
oxygen
flow
sensors
and
two
pressure
sensors
which
provide
feedback
to
the
CPU.
The
gases
are
mixed
in
the
inspiratory
module
before
being
delivered
to
the
patient.
The
pressure
relief
and
safety
valves,
located
in
the
inspiratory
module,
provide
for
patient
safety
in
the
event
of
an
over-pressure
condition
or
during
any
component
or
system
failure
which
could
potentially
interfere
with
the
patient’s
ability
to
breathe
when
connected
to
the
ventilator.
Warning
-Emergency
air
intake
near
the
Oxygen
Water
Trap/Inlet
Filter
Assembly
should
not
be
obstructed.
580-1000-02
revision
A
3-11
ESPRIT
SERVICE
MANUAL
RESPIRONICS
INC*
Figure
3-1:
Pneumatic
System
Block
Diagram
The
exhalation
filter
conditions
expired
gas,
reducing
the
risk
of
contamination
or
component
damage
due
to
bacteria
or
moisture
in
expired
gases.
The
filter
is
housed
in
a
heater
which
reduces
the
amount
of
moisture
to
the
downstream
components.
During
exhalation,
the
exhaled
gas
from
the
patient
circuit
travels
through
the
heated
exhalation
filter
prior
to
contact
with
the
exhalation
valve
and
expiratory
flow
sensor
and
is
then
vented
to
atmosphere.
The
E
sprit
ventilator
pneumatic
system
consists
of
the
pneumatic
components
shown
in
Figure
3-2.
Components
called
out
in
the
schematic
are
cross-referenced
in
the
accompanying
pneumatic
legend
(see
Table
3-1).
380-1000-02
revision
A
3-12
RESPIRONICS
INC’
ESPRIT
SERVICE
MANUAL
580-1000-02
revision
A
3-13
ESPRIT
SERVICE
MANUAL
RE5P1RONICS
INC*
Table
3-1:
Pneumatic
Schematic
Legend
Component
Name
Pneumatic
Schematic
Label
Air
Inlet
Filter
FI
Cooling
Fan
Filter
Not
Shown
Muffler
Silencer
Blower
Blower
Cooling
Coil
Cooling
Coil
Air
Valve
Assembly
AV
Air
Flow
Sensor
FS1,
T1
Air
System
Check
Valve
CV2
Oxygen
Inlet
Connector
02
Oxygen
Inlet
Check
Valve
CV1
Oxygen
Water
Trap/In
let
Filter
Assembly
F2
Oxygen
Supply
Pressure
Switch
PSI
Oxygen
Regulator
REG1
Oxygen
Valve
Assembly
OV
Oxygen
Flow
Sensor
FS2,
T2
Crossover
Solenoid
SOLI
Cross
Contamination
Check
Valve
CV5
Safety
Valve
Pilot
Solenoid
SOL2
Safety
Valve
sv
Inspiratory
Non-Rebreathing
Check
Valve
CV3
Pressure
Relief
Valve
PRV
Oxygen
Sensor
os
Inspiratory
Pressure
Transducer
PT3
Inspiratory
Pressure
Transducer
Solenoid
SOL4
Heated
Exhalation
Filter
F3
Exhalation
Pressure
Transducer
PT2
Exhalation
Pressure
Transducer
Solenoid
SOL3
Exhalation
Non-Rebreathing
Check
Valve
CV4
Exhalation
Valve
Assembly
EV
Exhalation
Flow
Sensor
FS3,
T3
3.3
Delivery
System
The
Delivery
System
contains
components
which
condition
and
control
the
flow
delivered
to
the
patient
based
upon
operator
selected
parameters.
Blower
draws
room
air
through
the
blower
inlet
filter
and
the
muffler
and
outputs
flow
to
the
Air
Valve
Oxygen
input
pressure
is
monitored
by
a
pressure
switch
Wall
oxygen
is
then
filtered,
regulated
down
to
23
psi
(1.5
kPa),
and
fed
to
the
Oxygen
Valve
and
the
Crossover
Solenoid
The
Air
and
Oxygen
Valves
are
controlled
by
the
microprocessor
based
upon
continuous
feedback
from
the
Air
and
Oxygen
Flow
Sensors.
3.3.1
Blower
Inlet
Filter(Fl)
The
Air
Inlet
Filter
removes
coarse
particulate
from
the
ambient
air
as
it
is
entrained
into
the
Blower
assembly.
Under
normal
usage,
the
filter
has
a
minimum
life
of
10,000
hours
assuming
it
is
regularly
cleaned.
580-1000-02
revision
A
3-14
ESPRIT
SERVICE
MANUAL
RESPIRONICS
INC*
3^3.2
Cooling
Fan
Filter
The
Fan-Cooling
Filter
removes
coarse
particulate
from
ambient
air
entrained
by
the
cooling
fan.
Under
normal
usage,
the
filter
has
a
minimum
life
of
10,000
hours
assuming
it
is
regularly
cleaned.
3.33
MiiflfeCSifcncer)
The
Muffler
reduces
the
noise
of
air
flow
into
the
Blower
by
channeling
the
air
through
a
baffled
system
lined
with
sound
absorbing
material.
3.3.4
Blower
The
Blower
draws
room
air
though
the
air
inlet
filter
and
outputs
the
air
source
for
patient
delivery
and
the
pilot
pressure
for
actuation
of
a
pneumatically
piloted
Safety
Valve.
The
Blower
contains
a
DC
motor
and
a
series
of
stator
and
impeller
assemblies.
It
is
capable
of
providing
at
least
200
Lpm
of
flow.
Blower
speed
is
automatically
adjusted
to
account
for
differences
in
gas
density
due
to
altitude.
The
altitude
can
be
adjusted
from
the
Hardware
screen
in
the
diagnostics
mode.
3.3^5
Cooling
Coil
The
Cooling
Coil
is
a
copper
tube
connected
to
the
outlet
of
the
Blower.
It
reduces
the
temperature
of
the
gas
from
the
Blower
before
reaching
the
Air
Valve
3.3.6
Cocking
Coil
Fan
A
24VDC
cooling
fan
removes
the
heat
dissipated
by
the
Cooling
Coil.
3.3.7
AirValve(AV)
The
Air
Valve
Assembly
contains
a
stepper
motor
which
meters
air
flow
from
the
Blower
to
achieve
the
target
flow
under
CPU
control
based
upon
operator
selected
parameters.
It
can
deliver
up
to
200
Lpm
of
flow
3-3.8
AirFknvSensor(FSl)
The
Air
Flow
Sensor
measures
flow
from
the
Air
Valve.
This
measurement
is
used
to
provide
dosed
loop
control
of
the
Air
Valve
and
for
computations
of
the
flow/
volume
delivered
to
the
patient.
A
thermistor,
contained
in
the
flow
sensor,
measures
the
temperature
of
the
air
and
provides
the
microprocessor
with
information
to
compensate
the
delivered
flow.
3.3^9
Oxygen
Inlet
Connector
(02)
The
Oxygen
Inlet
Connector
provides
a
connection
point
for
an
external
oxygen
gas
supply
of
40
psig
(280
kPa)
and
90
psig
(621
kPa).
It
is
country
specific.
580-1000-02
revision
A
3-15
ESPRIT
SERVICE
MANUAL
RESPIRONtCS
INC
Oxygen
Inlet
Check
Valve
(CV1)
The
Oxygen
Supply
Check
Valve,
contained
in
the
Oxygen
Inlet
Connector,
prevents
air
from
the
Air
Delivery
Subsystem
from
contaminating
the
oxygen
source
in
the
event
the
Oxygen
Valve
cannot
be
dosed.
33*11
OxygenWaterTiap/
Inlet
Filter
Assembly
(F2)
The
Oxygen
Water
Trap/Inlet
Filter
Assembly
consists
of
a
filter
to
remove
particulate
(both
dry
and
liquid)
from
the
oxygen
gas
supply,
a
bowl
with
drain
for
accumulated
water
and
an
Oxygen
Inlet
Connector.
3*3.12
Oxygen
Supply
Pressure
Switch
(PS1)
The
Oxygen
Supply
Pressure
Switch
is
part
of
the
Oxygen
Regulator
assembly
and
provides
a
digital
signal
to
the
Sensor
PCBA
indicating
whether
or
not
adequate
supply
pressure
is
present
at
the
oxygen
inlet.
The
Oxygen
Supply
Pressure
Switch
doses
if
the
measured
pressure
is
greater
than
40
psig
(276
kPa)
and
opens
if
the
measured
pressure
is
less
than
35
psig
(241.3
kPa)
resulting
in
a
Low02
Supply
alarm.
3*3.13
OxygenRegubtar(REG
1)
The
Oxygen
Regulator
reduces
the
oxygen
supply
pressure
to
the
proper
inlet
pressure
for
the
Oxygen
Valve
(23
psig
(1.5
kPa)).
It
also
supplies
this
regulated
pressure
to
the
Crossover
Solenoid,
which
pilots
the
Safety
Valve.
33.14
Oxygen
Vafce(OV)
The
Oxygen
Valve
Assembly
contains
a
stepper
motor
which
meters
flow
from
the
Oxygen
Regulator
to
achieve
the
target
flow
under
CPU
control
based
upon
operator
sdected
parameters,
t
can
deliver
up
to
200
Lpm
of
flow.
3*3*15
Oxygen
Flow
Sensor
(FS2)
The
Oxygen
Flow
Sensor
measures
the
flow
from
the
Oxygen
Regulator.
This
measurement
is
used
to
provide
dosed
loop
control
of
the
Oxygen
Valve
and
for
computations
of
the
flow/
volume
delivered
to
the
patient.
A
thermistor,
contained
in
the
flow
sensor,
measures
the
temperature
of
the
oxygen
and
provides
the
microprocessor
with
information
to
compensate
the
delivered
flow.
3.3.16
Crossover
Solenoid
(SOL
1)
The
Crossover
Solenoid
is
a
3-way
valve
which
provides
either
air
or
oxygen
as
pilot
pressure
for
dosing
the
Safety
Valve
during
normal
ventilatioa
580-1000-02
revision
A
3-16
ESPRIT
SERVICE
MANUAL
RESPIRONICS
INC*
SOL
1
is
normally
de-energized
piloting
the
safety
valve
with
oxygen.
If
oxygen
pressure
is
lost,
SOL
1
is
energized
providing
the
safety
valve
with
air.
3.3.37
Cross
Contamination
Check
Valve
(CV5)
The
Cross
Contamination
Check
Valve
prevents
the
oxygen
supply
from
being
contaminated
in
the
event
of
a
leak
in
the
Crossover
Solenoid
3.4
Inspiratory
7
System
The
Inspiratory
System
contains
a
manifold
which
provides
a
blending
point
for
the
air
and
oxygen
flow.
It
also
serves
as
a
connection
point
for
the
pressure
transducers
through
a
series
of
solenoids.
Several
components
designed
to
ensure
patient
safety,
such
as
the
Pressure
Relief
Valve,
Safety
Valve,
Safety
Valve
Pilot
Solenoid
(SOL
2),
Air
System
Check
Valve
(CV2)
and
the
Inspiratory
Non¬
rebreathing
Check
Valve
(CV3)
are
housed
in
the
manifold.
3u4l
Safety
Valve
Pilot
Solenoid
(SOL
2)
The
Safety
Valve
Pilot
Solenoid
either
places
the
output
of
the
Crossover
Solenoid
to
the
Safety
Valve,
or
vents
the
pilot
pressure
line
to
atmosphere.
During
normal
operation,
SOL
2
is
energized
allowing
pressure
from
the
Crossover
Solenoid
to
dose
the
Safety
Valve
During
a
high
priority
alarm
condition
such
as
an
ocdusion
or
ventilator
failure
mode
(Vent
Inop),
SOL
2
is
de-energized
which
opens
the
Safety
Valve
allowing
the
patient
to
breathe
room
air.
3.42
Safety
Valve
(SV)
The
Safety
Valve
contains
a
spring
loaded
diaphragm
which
is
piloted
by
Safety
Valve
Pilot
Solenoid
(SOL
2).
Under
normal
conditions
the
SV
is
dosed
allowing
the
delivered
flow
to
reach
the
patient.
In
the
event
of
a
high
priority
alarm
condition
such
as
an
ocdusion,
ventilator
failure
(Vent
Inop)
or
loss
of
power,
pilot
pressure
is
removed,
opening
the
SV
and
allowing
the
patient
to
breathe
room
air
through
the
safety
port
located
at
the
rear
of
the
ventilator.
3^43
Air
System
Check
Valve
(CV2)
The
Air
System
Check
Valve
(CV2)
prevents
oxygen
from
entering
the
air
delivery
system
in
the
event
the
Blower
is
shutdown.
3.44
InspiratoryN
on-tebreathing
Check
Valve
(CV3)
The
Inspiratory
N
on-Rebreathing
Check
Valve
prevents
the
patient
from
exhaling
through
the
inspiratory
limb
during
a
Safety
Valve
open
condition
thereby
preventing
the
rebreathing
of
exhaled
gas.
580-1000-02
revision
A
3-17
ESPRIT
SERVICE
MANUAL
RESPIRONICS
INC*
3.4.5
Pressme
Relief
Valve
(PRV)
The
Pressure
Relief
Valve
provides
a
backup
to
the
operator
adjustable
high-
pressure
alarm
preventing
excessive
pressures
in
the
patient
circuit.
The
PRV
is
spring
loaded
limiting
the
maximum
cracking
pressure
to
130
-
140
cmH20.
3.46
Oxygen
Sensor
(OS)
The
Oxygen
Sensor
is
an
optional
device
'which
is
installed
at
the
inspiratory
outlet,
between
the
22
mm
port
and
the
inspiratory
bacteria
filter.
It
is
a
galvanic
device
which
provides
a
measurement
of
the
oxygen
concentration
of
the
gas
being
blended
by
the
oxygen
and
air
valves
from
21
and
100%.
The
output
signal
from
the
sensor
is
used
for
the
high
and
low
02
concentration
alarms.
When
the
sensor
is
installed
the
alarms
are
active
and
will
provide
the
operator
both
visual
and
audible
alarm
signals
if
the
measured
02
concentration
is
more
than
6%
above
or
below
the
set
02%
value.
347
InspiialoryPiessvircTiansducer(PT3)
The
Inspiratory
Pressure
Transducer
is
used
to
monitor
system
pressure
from
the
inspiratory
side
of
the
patient
circuit
while
the
exhalation
pressure
transducer
is
being
auto-zeroed,
ensuring
uninterrupted
pressure
monitoring.
It
is
also
used
along
with
the
exhalation
pressure
transducer,
to
detect
patient
circuit
occlusions.
348
Inspiratory
Pressure
Transducer
Solenoid
(SOL
4)
The
Inspiratory
Pressure
Transducer
Solenoid
periodically
vents
the
exhalation
pressure
transducer
to
atmosphere,
because
the
zero
voltage
of
the
inspiratory
pressure
transducer
may
drift
slightly
over
time.
Periodically
venting
the
transducer
to
atmosphere
and
making
a
measurement
allows
for
the
compensation
of
zero
drift,
and
improves
the
overall
accuracy
of
the
pressure
measurement.
During
normal
operation,
SOL
4
is
de-energized
applying
patient
circuit
pressure
to
the
inspiratory
pressure
transducer.
During
an
autozero,
SOL
4
is
energized
venting
the
transducer
to
atmosphere.
This
occurs
during
the
Power
On
Self
Test
(POST),
at
the
beginning
of
a
breath
one
minute
after
POST,
six
minutes
after
POST,
eleven
minutes
after
POST
and
then
once
every
hour
thereafter.
3-5
E
xbalation
System
The
Exhalation
System
conditions,
filters
and
monitors
the
exhaled
gas.
It
contains
the
Heated
Exhalation
Filter,
Exhalation
Pressure
Transducer
Solenoid,
Exhalation
Valve,
Exhalation
Non-Rebreathing
Check
Valve
and
the
Exhalation
Flow
Sensor.
331
HeatedExhalatk>nFilter(F3)
The
Heated
Exhalation
Filter
is
comprised
of
a
heater
and
a
bacteria
filter.
The
heater
protects
the
exhalation
flow
sensor
and
exhalation
system
components
from
condensation
by
heating
the
exhaled
gases,
which
have
been
cooled
in
the
exhalation
limb,
above
the
dew
point.
The
exhalation
bacteria
filter
protects
the
exhalation
flow
sensor
and
exhalation
system
component
from
contaminants
and
filters
exhaled
gases
prior
to
venting
them
to
atmosphere.
580-1000-02
revision
A
3-18
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