Solar Electronics 7054-2B User manual

INSTRUCTION MANUAL
FOR
MODEL 7054-2B
SPIKE GENERATOR
Rev. 1.0 October 16, 2017
Rev. 1.1 August 20, 2019
Rev.1.2 July 15, 2020
Solar Electronics Company
A Division of A.T. Parker, Inc.
10866 Chandler Boulevard
North Hollywood, California 91601
Telephone: [phone] Fax: [phone]
www.solar-emc.com
Provided by: www.atecorp.com
(800) 404-ATEC
Advanced Test
Equipment Corp.
®
Rentals • Sales • Calibration • Service

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 Application…………………………………………………………………………...
2.0 Description……………………………………………………………………..…....
3.0 Specifications……………………………………………………………………….
4.0 Operation………………………………………………………………………….....
4.1 General…………………………………………………………………........
4.2 Interconnections for Parallel Injection…………………………...........
4.3 Interconnections for Series Injection………………………….............
4.4 Function Select Buttons……………..…………........………...…………
4.5 Single Pulse Operation..…………………........………………………….
4.6 Auto Repetition Rate………………..…........………………………….....
4.7 Pulse Positioning …………………………........…………………………
4.8 Spike Amplitude ……………………........…………………………..........
4.9 Amplitude with Low Impedance Loads ……………………….............
4.10 Pulse Shape…………………………........…………………………..........
5.0 Calibration Assistance…………………………................................................
5.1 Equipment Required…………………………........................................
5.2 Preliminary Procedure.........................................................................
5.3 Checking the Single Pulse Function, 400 V Amplitude Verification
and 400V Pulse Duration.....................................................................
5.4 Check and Adjustment of Auto Pulse Frequency .......... .................
5.5 Check and Adjustment of Range for Pulse Position at 50/60 Hz.....
5.6 Check and Adjustment of Range for Pulse Position at 400 Hz........

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Oscilloscope Graph, Illustrations and Images
Oscilloscope Graph
Graph 1 –Pulse Shape with 5 ΩLoad on Either Series or Parallel Output…………..4 & 12
Illustrations
Diagram 1 –Parallel Injection on DC Line……………………………………………….………..7
Diagram 2 –Series Injection on AC Line……………………………….…………………………8
Diagram 3 –Series Injection on DC Line, Measuring 7054-2B Spike Only…….……….......8
Diagram 4 –Setup for Pulse Position Test on 400 Hz Line………………….……………….10
Images
Image 1 –Front View of Generator…………………………………….……….Front Cover & 15
Image 2 –Function Select Buttons…………………………………….…………………………..9
Image 3 –Fan Connected…………………………………………….………………………….....11
Image 4 –Fan Disconnected………………………………………………………………….……11
Accessories
ACCESSORIES RECOMMENDED FOR CS06 TESTING
Solar Type 8525-1 5 Ω Non-Inductive Load
Solar Type 9133-1 10 µF Delta Capacitor Assembly
Solar Type 9146-1 10 µF 'Wye' Capacitor Assembly
Solar Type 7032-1 Isolation Transformer, 115V / 115V 60 to 400 Hz
Solar Type 7032-2 Isolation Transformer, 230V / 230V 50 to 400 Hz
Solar Type 7332-1 Transient Pulse Transformer
Plugs into SERIES output terminals of Model 7054-2B
to provide spike levels up to 600 V, peak, into 6 Ω load
Solar Type 9233-50-TS-50-N Line Impedance Stabilization Network*
Solar Type 6512-106R Feed-Thru Capacitor*
*Products with higher voltage and current ratings available.
See website www.solar-emc.com.

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1.0 Application
The Solar Model 7054-2B Spike Generator was specifically designed for screen room use in
making conducted transient susceptibility tests as required by MIL-STD-826A, MIL-STD-461A/462
and other RFI/EMI specifications.
2.0 Description
The Model 7054-2B spike generator provides a transient pulse (spike) with amplitude adjustable up to
400 V peak into 5 Ωload.
Using series injection into a resistive load, the output transient closely follows an idealized curve with
less than 10 µS rise time and the Waveshape falling to zero in approximately 120 µS.
See Graph 1.
The repetition rate is adjustable from 0.8 pulses per second (PPS) to 10 PPS.
Graph 1 –Pulse shape with 5 Ω load on Either Series or Parallel Output
Vertical: 60 V/div
Horizontal: 20 µS/div
Frequency: Single Pulse
Amplitude: 400 V peak into 5 Ωload
The FUNCTION select buttons allow either recurring spikes at a selected rate or provide for single
spikes by a panel-mounted pushbutton. The FUNCTION select buttons also provide for
synchronization with 50/60 Hz or 400 Hz lines.
When synchronizing with AC lines, the PULSE POSITION potentiometer and toggle switch allow for
phase adjustment of the spike to position it anywhere on the AC sine wave.
The PARALLEL output terminals provide for injection of the spike in parallel with the load. The
SERIES output terminals provide connections for series injection. The output terminals are isolated
from the chassis and the AC line.

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3.0 Specifications
Spike Repetition Rate
Continuously adjustable from 0.8 PPS to 10 PPS
Spike Amplitude
Continuously adjustable from 10 V to 400 V peak
Spike Duration
Output falls to 50% of full voltage in approximately 42 µS and to zero in approximately 120
µS with a 5 Ω resistive load on the series output terminals
Rise Time
Less than or equal to 10.0 µS into 5 Ω resistive load
Spike Shape
Characteristic as per Graph 1
Phase Adjustment
Adjustable from 0° to 360° on 60 Hz* or 400 Hz lines
Internal Impedance
Less than 1 Ω; typical 0.5 Ω
Power Line Current in Series Injection Mode
Handles 10 A RMS at power frequencies or DC
Power Requirement
115 V 50-400 Hz, 1.6 A
OR
230 V 50-400 Hz, 0.8 A
Size
19” rack panel, 7” high x 12-3/4” deep, less projections
Weight
US: 36 lbs.; Metric: 16.3 kg.

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4.0 Operation
4.1 General
Parallel Injection is to be only used for DC lines.
Series Injection is most often used on AC lines.
CAUTION!
PARALLEL INJECTION MUST NOT BE USED ON AC LINES
SINCE SEVERE DAMAGE TO THE SPIKE GENERATOR WILL RESULT.
SERIES INJECTION CAN BE USED ON EITHER AC OR DC LINES.
PRECAUTIONS MUST BE TAKEN WHEN THE HOT SIDE OF THE POWER LINE IS
CONNECTED TO THE CHASSIS OF THE OSCILLOSCOPE.
USE AN ISOLATION TRANSFORMER IN THE POWER INPUT TO THE SCOPE.
NOTE THAT THE CHASSIS OF THE SCOPE IS ABOVE GROUND
WHEN A POWER LINE TRANSFORMER IS USED.
AVOID TOUCHING THE SCOPE WHEN THE TEST LINE POWER IS APPLIED.

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4.2 Interconnections for Parallel Injection
As shown in Diagram 1, connect the oscilloscope to the terminals marked PARALLEL. Also
connect these terminals to the DC input power leads of the equipment under test. Take
precautions to prevent grounding the load through the case of the oscilloscope. Use a Solar
Electronics Company Isolation Transformer* or equivalent at the power input to the oscilloscope.
All output terminals on the Model 7054-2B are isolated from the case of the unit.
When parallel injecting the spike into a DC line, it is desirable to use an inductor in series with
the power source so that the spike is applied to the test sample without the RF shunting effect of
the power source impedance. The secondary of Solar Type 6220-1B Audio Isolation Transformer
is well suited for this application and is capable of carrying 50 A of test sample current.
*Solar Type 7032-1 for 115 V
OR
Solar Type 7032-2 for 230 V
Solar Model
7054-2B
Oscilloscope
Test Sample
DC Line
Solar Type
6512-106R
10 µF
Solar Type
6220-1B
DIAGRAM 1 - PARALLEL INJECTION ON DC LINE
Parallel
Output
Parallel
Series
*Solar Type 7032-1 for 115 V
OR
Solar Type 7032-2 for 230 V
AC line input
Transformer*
Solar
Isolation

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4.3 Interconnections for Series Injection
The series connection is capable of handling 5 A RMS or DC. This connection inserts
approximately 1040 µH in series with the test sample. The power frequency voltage drop across
this reactance is 3.9 V at 15 A, 400 Hz.
For AC series injection, connect the output terminals marked SERIES in series between the
power source and the test sample as shown in Diagram 2. It is recommended that the injection
be in series with the ungrounded side of the power line. However, the spike as it appears on the
AC waveform into the test sample is best seen by connecting the oscilloscope across the power
input leads to the test sample, as shown in Diagram 2.
The oscilloscope should be connected across the SERIES output terminals to indicate the shape
and magnitude of the spike being injected into the circuit. See Diagram 3. Precautions must be
taken to avoid grounding the hot side of the power line through the case of the oscilloscope.
Solar Model
7054-2B
Oscilloscope
Solar
Isolation
Transformer*
Test Sample
AC line input
AC Line
Solar Type
6512-106R
10 µF
Series
Output
*Solar Type 7032-1 for 115 V
OR
Solar Type 7032-2 for 230 V
Parallel
Series
DIAGRAM 2 - SERIES INJECTION ON AC LINE
Solar Model
7054-2B
Oscilloscope
Test Sample
DC Line
Solar Type
6512-106R
10 µF
DIAGRAM 3 - SERIES INJECTION ON DC LINE
OSCILLOSCOPE MEASURING 7054-2B SPIKE ONLY
Parallel
Series
AC
Transformer*
Solar
Isolation
*Solar Type 7032-1 for 115 V
OR
Solar Type 7032-2 for 230 V

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4.4 FUNCTION Select Buttons
The FUNCTION select buttons are a horizontal set of white buttons on the lower right side of the
front panel. These buttons enable the operator to select from four functions. When a function is
active, the green LED in the top left corner of the button is illuminated. The default function
selected at power up is SINGLE PULSE ENABLE. In the group of four white function buttons, it
is the white button farthest to the left. When SINGLE PULSE ENABLE is selected, the generator
is able to produce single transients when the red SINGLE PULSE button is pressed; it is to the
left of the white SINGLE PULSE ENABLE button. The white PPS button selects the variable
repetition rate function. The last two white FUNCTION buttons select pulse positioning on 50/60
Hz and 400 Hz AC power signals, respectively.
IMAGE 2 –FUNCTION SELECT BUTTONS
4.5 Single Pulse Operation
Enables the user to discharge the 7054-2B’s output pulse manually by depressing the SINGLE
PULSE red button to the left of the SINGLE PULSE ENABLE function button.
4.6 PPS (Auto Repetition Rate)
The calibration of the knob in PPS is reasonably accurate (approximately ±10%) at all panel
markings. For applications where the exact rate is important, it may be measured on the time
base scale of the associated oscilloscope. The rate is independent of load conditions.
4.7 50/60 and 400 Hz Line SYNCs (Pulse Positioning)
With the equipment connected for series injection on AC lines, as shown in Diagram 2, select
either the 50/60 Hz or 400 Hz SYNC buttons as required. The power cord of the Model 7054-
2B must be connected to the same power source as the test sample.
However, when operating on a 400 Hz power line for the pulse position test, it is necessary to
connect the blower fan to the standard 50/60 Hz line. See Diagram 4. This is accomplished by
removing the parallel blade connector, P1, from its socket (adjacent to the fuses on the rear
panel) and connecting it to a primary AC line voltage source equivalent the 7054-2B’s normal
power source.
Connect the oscilloscope across the power input to the test sample. Avoid grounding the hot side
of the line through the case of the oscilloscope. A power line isolation transformer such as Solar
Type 7032-1 for 115 V or 7032-2 for 230 V is suggested at the power input to the scope, as
shown in Diagrams 2 and 4.

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The PULSE POSITION potentiometer in conjunction with the polarity reversing PULSE
POSITION toggle switch will enable phase shift of the injected spike through 360° as observed
on the oscilloscope. The phase reversing toggle switch at the bottom of the panel will allow
adjustment of the spike position to the positive half cycle or the negative half cycle of the power
line sine wave. Due to the phase difference existing, the potentiometer position corresponding to
the voltage zero crossover will differ from one test sample to another.
When synchronizing on a 50/60 Hz line, the spike appears on every 8th sine wave of the power
frequency. On a 400 Hz line, the spike appears on every 64th sine wave. The spike position,
however, is the same on each sine wave on which the spike appears. This periodic injection of
the spike is due to the 7.5 PPS rate on 50/60 Hz lines and a rate of 6.2 PPS on 400 Hz lines. (In
this equipment, the repetition rate must be kept below 10 PPS to allow time for the charging of
the capacitors which provide the energy for the spike.)
CAUTION!
WHEN OPERATING ON A 400 Hz POWER LINE, DO NOT LEAVE THE FUNCTION SWITCH
IN THE 50/60 Hz POSITION FOR PROLONGED PERIODS SINCE IT MAY CAUSE
OVERHEATING OF THE POWER SUPPLY.
ALSO, DISCONNECT THE FAN FROM THE AC RECEPTACLE ON THE BACK OF THE
GENERATOR DURING ANY 400 Hz TESTING.
Photo example on next page.
Oscilloscope
Test Sample
400
Hz
Line
Solar Type
6512-106R
10 µF
Series
Output
DIAGRAM 4 - SETUP FOR PULSE POSITION TEST ON 400 Hz LINE
115 -230V
400 Hz
Line
P1
Solar Model
7054-2B
Parallel
Series
*Solar Type 7032-1 for 115 V
OR
Solar Type 7032-2 for 230 V
AC line input
Transformer*
Solar
Isolation

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IMAGE 3 - FAN CONNECTED IMAGE 4 –FAN DISCONNECTED
Upon completion of the 400 Hz pulse positioning test, reinsert the parallel blade connector of the
fan into the mating socket. This connector should remain in this position for all other uses of the
Model 7054-2B spike generator.
4.8 Spike Amplitude
The amplitude of the spike is adjustable from approximately 5 V to 400 V peak by means of the
AMPLITUDE knob. The calibration of this scale is most accurate at 400 V with a resistive load of
5 Ωat a pulse rate less than 1 PPS or pulsed manually with single pulse. For adjustment of
amplitude into unknown loads, the knob must be adjusted while watching the spike amplitude on
an oscilloscope with calibrated vertical amplitude.
4.9 Amplitude with Low Impedance Loads
Since the internal impedance of the Model 7054-2B spike generator is of the order of 0.5 Ω, the
amplitude into a matched load will be one half that of the open circuit amplitude. This
characteristic enables the operator to estimate the load impedance when it is approaching the
internal impedance of the generator, Solar Model 7054-2B.

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4.10 Pulse Shape
When unloaded or connected to a purely resistive 5 Ω load, the spike shape is approximately
that of Graph 1.
Graph 1 –Pulse shape with 5 Ω load on Either Series or Parallel Output
Vertical: 60 V/div
Horizontal: 20 µS/div
Frequency: Single Pulse
Amplitude: 400 V peak into 5 Ωload

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5.0 Calibration Assistance
Periodically make the following tests to verify the performance of the Model 7054-2B spike
generator. Make any adjustments required to bring the performance within the specified limits.
5.1 Equipment Required
The following equipment is required for the tests and adjustments described below:
1 AC line voltage source (110/115V OR 220/230V), 50/60 to 400 Hz,
capable of handling 2 A
2. Calibrated oscilloscope
3. Single phase 400 Hz power source, capable of supplying 2 A
4. 5 Ωresistor, ±10%, ≥ 6 W (Solar Type 8525-1 or similar)
5. When testing the 400 Hz, a secondary AC line voltage source providing 50 Hz or
60 Hz AC of the Model 7054-2B generator’s default voltage.
5.2 Preliminary Procedure
Plug the AC line voltage source into the back-panel AC receptacle of the Model 7054-2B.
Connect the 5Ω 6W (Solar Type 8525-1) resistor across the SERIES output terminals on the
Model 7054-2B.
Connect oscilloscope input to SERIES output terminals on the Model 7054-2B.
Adjust oscilloscope controls to display 400 V peak.
5.3 Checking the Single Pulse Function, 400 V Amplitude Verification
and 400 V Pulse Duration
To check the single pulse function and 400 V amplitude verification, proceed as follows:
Turn on the Model 7054-2B.
Set the FUNCTION switch to the leftmost position to SINGLE PULSE.
Rotate AMPLITUDE control knob to the 400 V on dial.
Press the pushbutton switch several times. Observe that each time the switch is depressed a
pulse appears on the oscilloscope, which should display peak amplitude of approximately 400 V.
On the oscilloscope, verify that the pulse reaches 400 V in amplitude with a rise time of less than
or equal to 10 µS having the output fall to zero in approximately 120 µS.

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NOTE: All other tests and adjustments will be made at 100 V amplitude.
When adjusting pulse rate or pulse position travel, it might be necessary to make adjustments to
the main PCB, inside the Model 7054-2B.
To access the main PCB, be sure the line cord of the Model 7054-2B is disconnected from the
primary power source. Remove screws from the bottom cover and detach the bottom cover to
expose the main PCB.
5.4 Check and Adjustment Check Auto Pulse Frequency
To check and adjust the frequency calibration, proceed as follows:
Place the 5 Ω 6 W (Solar Type 8525-1) or higher power resistor on the SERIES output terminals
and connect the oscilloscope across it.
Press the PPS function button and adjust the PPS knob dial to 10.
Set oscilloscope time scale for 20 mS/div and set amplitude scale to 20 V/div.
There should be a pulse on every 5th division on the oscilloscope grid.
If necessary, adjust 5K potentiometer R15, until 10 Hz is dialed in.
5.5 Check and Adjustment of Range of Pulse Position Control at 50/60 Hz
To check and adjust the range of the PULSE POSITION control at 50/60 Hz, proceed as follows:
Press the 50/60~SYNC. function button.
Set oscilloscope sweep for 2 mS/div, automatic sweep triggered to the positive (+) half of the line
cycle.
Rotate PULSE POSITION potentiometer on the Model 7054-2B. A pulse should appear on
oscilloscope.
When the PULSE POSITION control is rotated over its full range, the pulse should travel at
minimum 8.50 mS on the oscilloscope grid when working with 60 Hz. If working with 50 Hz the
pulse should travel a minimum 10 mS. If necessary, adjust potentiometer R16, until the PULSE
POSITION control moves the pulse a minimum 8.50 mS for 60 Hz (10 mS for 50 Hz) across the
oscilloscope over its full range.

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5.6 Check and Adjustment of Range of Pulse Position Control at 400 Hz
To check and adjust the range of the PULSE POSITION control at 400 Hz, proceed as follows:
Disconnect blower from the AC receptacle on the back of the Model 7054-2B.
Connect the male plug of the fan to the secondary AC line voltage source providing 50Hz or
60Hz AC of the Model 7054-2B generator’s default voltage.
Connect the primary AC line input power source that produces 400 Hz to the back of the Model
7054-2B.
Press the 400~SYNC. function button and place the PULSE POSITION toggle switch into the UP
position.
Turn on the Model 7054-2B.
Set the oscilloscope sweep for 200 µS/div, AC line trigger. The oscilloscope should display a
single pulse.
Rotate PULSE POSITION potentiometer clockwise and counterclockwise so pulse travels across
the display.
The pulse should travel at least 1.25 mS.
If necessary, adjust R17, until the pulse travels at least 1.25 mS.