Sybase 12.5.1 User manual

User’s Guide
Historical Server
12.5.1

DOCUMENT ID: DC36556-01-1251-01
LAST REVISED: August 2003
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Contents
User’s Guide iii
About This Book.......................................................................................................................... vii
CHAPTER 1 Introduction..................................................................................... 1
Description of Adaptive Server Enterprise Monitor .......................... 1
Adaptive Server Monitor components....................................... 1
Adaptive Server Monitor architecture........................................ 2
Adaptive Server Enterprise Monitor architecture.............................. 3
Historical Server concepts......................................................... 3
CHAPTER 2 Configuring Historical Server ........................................................ 9
Historical Server configuration concepts.......................................... 9
The Historical Server control file and home directory................ 9
The operating system start-up account................................... 10
The Historical Server superuser account ................................ 11
Sybase Open Client/Server connections................................. 11
Initial configuration on UNIX platforms........................................... 12
Assumptions on UNIX platforms ............................................. 12
Configuration procedures on UNIX platforms.......................... 12
Initial configuration on Windows NT............................................... 15
Assumptions on Windows NT ................................................. 15
Results of installation on Windows NT.................................... 16
Configuration procedures on Windows NT.............................. 16
Setting Historical Server start-up parameters ................................ 20
Function................................................................................... 20
Syntax ..................................................................................... 20
Parameters.............................................................................. 20
Configuring multiple instances of Historical Server........................ 23
When to create multiple instances of Historical Server........... 23
Configuring an additional Historical Server on UNIX platforms 24
Configuring an additional Historical Server on Windows NT... 25
CHAPTER 3 Starting and Stopping Historical Server..................................... 33
Starting and stopping Historical Server on UNIX platforms............ 33

Contents
iv Historical Server
Starting Historical Server on UNIX.......................................... 33
Stopping Historical Server on UNIX........................................ 34
Starting and stopping Historical Server on Windows NT ............... 36
Starting Historical Server on Windows NT.............................. 37
Inferring start-up parameters from the NT Registry................. 37
Verifying that Historical Server is running ............................... 38
Stopping Historical Server on Windows NT ............................ 38
CHAPTER 4 Command Reference..................................................................... 43
Command summary....................................................................... 43
Command syntax........................................................................... 44
Command status and errors........................................................... 45
Script files as input to Historical Server.......................................... 46
Connecting to Historical Server...................................................... 46
Assumptions before connection.............................................. 46
How to connect........................................................................ 47
Required permissions for Historical Server activities.............. 47
Mutually exclusive sessions.................................................... 49
Historical Server commands .......................................................... 50
hs_create_alarm ............................................................................ 51
hs_create_filter............................................................................... 54
hs_create_playback_session......................................................... 57
hs_create_playback_view.............................................................. 67
hs_create_recording_session ........................................................ 69
hs_create_view.............................................................................. 72
hs_delete_data............................................................................... 73
hs_initiate_playback....................................................................... 74
hs_initiate_recording...................................................................... 75
hs_list............................................................................................. 75
hs_playback_sample...................................................................... 79
hs_shutdown.................................................................................. 83
hs_status........................................................................................ 85
hs_terminate_playback.................................................................. 86
hs_terminate_recording ................................................................. 86
CHAPTER 5 Data Files........................................................................................ 89
Overview of Historical Server data files ......................................... 89
Description of Historical Server files........................................ 89
Permissions on files ................................................................ 90
General file format................................................................... 90
Control file...................................................................................... 91
Header record ......................................................................... 91
Session control record............................................................. 92

Contents
User’s Guide v
View control record.................................................................. 94
Data item control record.......................................................... 94
Alarm control record................................................................ 94
Filter control record ................................................................. 95
Data file.......................................................................................... 95
Error message file.......................................................................... 96
Script file ........................................................................................ 97
Script file table names............................................................. 97
Script file table column names ................................................ 97
Passing script file commands.................................................. 98
Script use example.................................................................. 98
Bulk copy example......................................................................... 99
Example ................................................................................ 100
Cut utility example........................................................................ 101
APPENDIX A Data Items.................................................................................... 103
Table of data items and definitions .............................................. 103
APPENDIX B Specifications for Defining Recording Session Views............ 121
Definition of key and result........................................................... 121
Designing recording session views.............................................. 122
Using the Process ID............................................................. 122
Using the application name................................................... 123
Empty rows versus no rows in views..................................... 123
Table of valid key and result data item combinations .................. 124
Examples of valid combinations............................................ 146
Examples of invalid combinations......................................... 147
Table of valid statistic types for data items .................................. 147
APPENDIX C Specifications for Defining Playback Views............................. 157
Summarization level details ......................................................... 157
Raw playback........................................................................ 158
Actual playback..................................................................... 158
Entire playback...................................................................... 159
Playback with user-defined intervals..................................... 160
Summary of summarization intervals.................................... 161
Designing playback views............................................................ 162
Rules for specifying input sessions....................................... 162
Relationship of input views to playback views....................... 162
Rules for defining views ........................................................ 163
Table of data item requirements for playback views.................... 165
Additional information about some data items............................. 170

Contents
vi Historical Server
Using “Timestamp”, “Timestamp Datim”, and “Elapsed Time” 170
APPENDIX D Examples of Recording Session Views..................................... 173
Cache performance summary...................................................... 174
Database object lock status......................................................... 175
Database object page I/O ............................................................ 175
Data cache activity for individual caches ..................................... 176
Data cache statistics for recording session.................................. 177
Data cache statistics for sample interval...................................... 177
Device I/O for recording session.................................................. 178
Device I/O for sample interval...................................................... 178
Device I/O performance summary ............................................... 179
Engine activity.............................................................................. 179
Lock performance summary......................................................... 179
Network activity for recording session.......................................... 180
Network activity for sample interval.............................................. 180
Network performance summary................................................... 181
Page I/O....................................................................................... 181
Procedure cache statistics for recording session......................... 182
Procedure cache statistics for sample interval............................. 182
Procedure page I/O...................................................................... 183
Process activity............................................................................ 183
Process database object page I/O............................................... 184
Process detail for locks ................................................................ 185
Process detail page I/O................................................................ 185
Process locks............................................................................... 186
Process page I/O ......................................................................... 186
Process state summary................................................................ 187
Process stored procedure page I/O ............................................. 187
Server performance summary...................................................... 188
Stored procedure activity ............................................................. 188
Transaction activity ...................................................................... 189
Index ........................................................................................................................................... 191

User’s Guide vii
About This Book
Adaptive Server Enterprise Monitor Historical Server User’s Guide
describes how to use Sybase® Adaptive Server® Enterprise Monitor
Historical Server version 12.5.1 (Historical Server). Historical Server is a
Sybase Open Server™ application that obtains performance statistics on
Sybase SQL Server™ version 11.0 and Adaptive Server Enterprise
version 11.5 and later.
Audience This book is for people responsible for:
• Configuring and managing Historical Server
• Using Historical Server to monitor Adaptive Server performance
How to use this book This book contains the following chapters:
• Chapter 1, “Introduction” provides an overview of Adaptive Server
Enterprise Monitor and presents some basic Historical Server
concepts.
• Chapter 2, “Configuring Historical Server” describes how to
complete an initial Historical Server configuration or change a
configuration, for both UNIX and Windows NT platforms.
• Chapter 3, “Starting and Stopping Historical Server” describes how
to start and stop Historical Server on both UNIX and Windows NT
platforms.
• Chapter 4, “Command Reference” describes the isql command
interface to Historical Server.
• Chapter 5, “Data Files” describes the files that Historical Server
creates and how to access the data in them, including how to use the
bcp utility to load the data into Adaptive Server tables.
• Appendix A, “Data Items” provides descriptions of the data items
available through Historical Server.
• Appendix B, “Specifications for Defining Recording Session
Views” describes valid combinations of data item names and statistic
types for defining recording session views.

viii Historical Server
• Appendix C, “Specifications for Defining Playback Views” describes
valid combinations of data item names and statistic types for defining
playback session views.
• Appendix D, “Examples of Recording Session Views” providesexamples
of recording session views.
Related documents The following documents comprise the Sybase®Adaptive Server®Enterprise
documentation set:
• The release bulletin for your platform – contains last-minute information
that was too late to be included in the books.
A more recent version of the release bulletin may be available on the
World Wide Web. To check for critical product or document information
that was added after the release of the product CD, use the Sybase
Technical Library.
•TheInstallation Guide for your platform – describes installation, upgrade,
and configuration procedures for all Adaptive Server and related Sybase
products.
•What’s New in Adaptive Server Enterprise? – describes the new features
in Adaptive Server version 12.5.1, the system changes added to support
those features, and the changes that may affect your existing applications.
•ASE Replicator User’s Guide – describes how to use the ASE Replicator
feature of Adaptive Server to implement basic replication from a primary
server to one or more remote Adaptive Servers.
•Component Integration Services User’s Guide – explains how to use the
Adaptive Server Component Integration Services feature to connect
remote Sybase and non-Sybase databases.
•Configuring Adaptive Server Enterprise for your platform – provides
instructions for performing specific configuration tasks for Adaptive
Server.
•EJB Server User’s Guide – explains how to use EJB Server to deploy and
execute Enterprise JavaBeans in Adaptive Server.
•Error Messages and Troubleshooting Guide – explains how to resolve
frequently occurring error messages and describes solutions to system
problems frequently encountered by users.
•Full-Text SearchSpecialty Data Store User’s Guide – describes how to use
the Full-Text Search feature with Verity to search Adaptive Server
Enterprise data.

About This Book
User’s Guide ix
•Glossary – defines technical terms used in the Adaptive Server
documentation.
•Historical Server User’s Guide – describes howto use Historical Serverto
obtain performance information for SQL Server®and Adaptive Server.
•Java in Adaptive Server Enterprise – describes how to install and use Java
classes as data types, functions, and stored procedures in the Adaptive
Server database.
•jConnect for JDBC Programmer’s Reference – describes the jConnect™
for JDBC™ product and explains how to use it to access data stored in
relational database management systems.
•Job Scheduler User's Guide – provides instructions on how to install and
configure, and create and schedule jobs on a local or remote Adaptive
Server using the command line or a graphical user interface (GUI).
•Monitor Client Library Programmer’s Guide – describes how to write
Monitor Client Library applications that access Adaptive Server
performance data.
•Monitor Server User’s Guide – describes how to use Monitor Server to
obtain performance statistics from SQL Server and Adaptive Server.
•Performance and Tuning Guide – is a series of four books that explains
how to tune Adaptive Server for maximum performance:
•Basics – the basics for understanding and investigating performance
questions in Adaptive Server.
•Locking – describes how the various locking schemas can be used for
improving performance in Adaptive Server.
•Optimizer and Abstract Plans – describes how the optimizer
processes queries and how abstract plans can be used to change some
of the optimizer plans.
•Monitoring and Analyzing – explains how statistics are obtained and
used for monitoring and optimizing performance.
•Quick Reference Guide – provides a comprehensive listing of the names
and syntax for commands, functions, system procedures, extended system
procedures, datatypes, and utilities in a pocket-sized book.
•Reference Manual – is a series of four books that contains the following
detailed Transact-SQL®information:

xHistorical Server
•Building Blocks – Transact-SQL datatypes, functions, global
variables, expressions, identifiers and wildcards, and reserved words.
•Commands – Transact-SQL commands.
•Procedures – Transact-SQL system procedures, catalog stored
procedures, system extended stored procedures, and dbcc stored
procedures.
•Tables – Transact-SQL system tables and dbcc tables.
•System Administration Guide – provides in-depth information about
administering servers and databases. This manual includes instructions
and guidelines for managing physical resources, security, user and system
databases, and specifying character conversion, international language,
and sort order settings.
•System Tables Diagram – illustrates system tables and their entity
relationships in a poster format. Available only in print version.
•Transact-SQL User’s Guide – documents Transact-SQL, Sybase’s
enhanced version of the relational database language. This manual serves
as a textbook for beginning users of the database management system.
This manual also contains descriptions of the pubs2 and pubs3 sample
databases.
•Using Adaptive Server Distributed Transaction Management Features –
explains how to configure, use, and troubleshoot Adaptive Server DTM
features in distributed transaction processing environments.
•Using Sybase Failover in a High Availability System – provides
instructions for using Sybase’s Failover to configure an Adaptive Server
as a companion server in a high availability system.
•Utility Guide – documents the Adaptive Server utility programs, such as
isql and bcp, which are executed at the operating system level.
•Web Services User’s Guide – explains how to configure, use, and
troubleshoot Web Services for Adaptive Server.
•XA Interface Integration Guide for CICS, Encina, and TUXEDO –
provides instructions for using the Sybase DTM XA interface with
X/Open XA transaction managers.
•XML Services in Adaptive Server Enterprise – describes the Sybase native
XML processor and the Sybase Java-based XML support, introduces
XML in the database, and documents the query and mapping functions
that comprise XML Services.

About This Book
User’s Guide xi
Other sources of
information Use the Sybase Getting Started CD, the Sybase Technical Library CD and the
Technical Library Product Manuals Web site to learn more aboutyour product:
• The Getting Started CD contains release bulletins and installation guides
in PDF format, and may also contain other documents or updated
information not included on the Technical Library CD. It is included with
your software. To read or print documents on the Getting Started CD you
need Adobe Acrobat Reader (downloadable at no charge from the Adobe
Web site, using a link provided on the CD).
• The Technical Library CD contains product manuals and is included with
your software. The DynaText reader (included on the Technical Library
CD) allows you to access technical information about your product in an
easy-to-use format.
Refer to the Technical Library Installation Guide in your documentation
package for instructions on installing and starting the Technical Library.
• The Technical Library Product Manuals Web site is an HTML version of
the Technical Library CD that you can access using a standard Web
browser. In addition to product manuals, you will find links to
EBFs/Updates, Technical Documents, Case Management, Solved Cases,
newsgroups, and the Sybase Developer Network.
To access the Technical Library Product Manuals Web site, go to Product
Manuals at http://www.sybase.com/support/manuals/.
Sybasecertifications
on the Web Technical documentation at the Sybase Web site is updated frequently.
❖Finding the latest information on product certifications
1 Point your Web browser to Technical Documents at
http://www.sybase.com/support/techdocs/.
2 Select Products from the navigation bar on the left.
3 Select a product name from the product list and click Go.
4 Select the Certification Report filter, specify a time frame, and click Go.
5 Click a Certification Report title to display the report.
❖Creating a personalized view of the Sybase Web site (including support
pages)
Set upa MySybase profile. MySybaseis a free service that allows you to create
a personalized view of Sybase Web pages.

xii Historical Server
1 Point your Web browser to Technical Documents at
http://www.sybase.com/support/techdocs/.
2 Click MySybase and create a MySybase profile.
Sybase EBFs and
software
maintenance
❖Finding the latest information on EBFs and software maintenance
1 Point your Web browser to the Sybase Support Page at
http://www.sybase.com/support.
2 Select EBFs/Maintenance. Enter user name and password information, if
prompted (for existing Web accounts) or create a new account (a free
service).
3 Select a product.
4 Specify a time frame and click Go.
5 Click the Info icon to display the EBF/Maintenance report, or click the
product description to download the software.
Conventions used in
this manual The following table describes the style conventions used in this manual.
Description Examples
Command names, command parameters,
and other keywords appear in the text in
Helvetica typeface.
The -S parameter is required.
Variables, file names, path names, and
Adaptive Server table names appear in the
text in italic typeface.
-Uusername
User input appears in Courier typeface. isql -Usybase -Psa
-Sserver1
Computer output, such as error messages
and command output, appears in Courier
typeface.
Unable to attach with
shared memory.
Brackets indicate that the enclosed item is
optional. Do not type the brackets. [no_wait]
Curly braces indicate that you must choose
at least one of the enclosed options. Do not
type the braces.
{0,1}
Ellipses indicate that you may repeat the
preceding item multiple times in the
command. Do not include ellipses in your
command.
[, dataItemName, dataItemStat]. . .

About This Book
User’s Guide xiii
If you need help Each Sybase installationthat has purchased a support contract has one or more
designated people who are authorized to contact Sybase Technical Support. If
you cannotresolve a problem using the manuals or online help, please have the
designated person contact Sybase Technical Support or the Sybase subsidiary
in your area.

xiv Historical Server

User’s Guide 1
CHAPTER 1 Introduction
Description of Adaptive Server Enterprise Monitor
Adaptive Server Enterprise Monitor (Adaptive Server Monitor) provides
a way to monitor Adaptive Server performance in real time or in a
historical data-gathering mode. System administrators can use this
information to identify potential resource bottlenecks, to research current
problems, and to tune for better performance. Adaptive Server Monitor
provides feedback for tuning at several levels:
• Adaptive Server configuration
• Database design
• SQL statements in applications and stored procedures
Adaptive Server Monitor components
Adaptive Server Monitor consists of four components that gather or
display Adaptive Server performance data:
• Adaptive Server Enterprise Monitor Server (Monitor Server) – this
server collects Adaptive Server performance data in real time and
makes the data available to the other Adaptive Server Monitor
components. Monitor Server is a Sybase Open Server application.
• Adaptive Server Enterprise Monitor Historical Server (Historical
Server) – this server obtains Adaptive Server performance data from
Monitor Server and saves the data in files for deferred analysis.
Historical Server is a Sybase Open Server application.
Topic Page
Description of Adaptive Server Enterprise Monitor 1
Adaptive Server Enterprise Monitor architecture 3

Description of Adaptive Server Enterprise Monitor
2Historical Server
• Monitors in the Adaptive Server Enterprise plug-in for Sybase Central™
(Monitor Viewer) – the monitors obtain Adaptive Server performance data
from Monitor Server and display the data in real time in tables and graphs.
• Adaptive Server Enterprise Monitor Client Library (Monitor Client
Library) –this application programminginterface (API)to MonitorServer
and Historical Server is available to users for developing monitoring
applications. Historical Server and the monitors in the Adaptive Server
Enterprise plug-in for Sybase Central are Monitor Client Library
applications.
Adaptive Server Monitor architecture
Figure 1-1 shows the relationships between Adaptive Server and the various
components of Adaptive Server Monitor.
Figure 1-1: Adaptive Server and Adaptive Server Monitor components
Adaptive Server
Enterprise
Shared memory
Monitor
Server
Adaptive Server Enterprise
client applications
including isql
Historical
Server
Monitor Viewer
in
Sybase Central
OtherMonitor
Client Library
applications
These servers must
reside on the same
computer.
Open
Client
Library
Open
Client
Library
Monitor
Client
Library
Monitor
Client
Library
Monitor
Client
Library
Open
Client
Library

CHAPTER 1 Introduction
User’s Guide 3
Adaptive Server Enterprise Monitor architecture
Adaptive Server saves performance data in a shared memory area that Monitor
Server reads. Because of this shared memory technique, Monitor Server must
be installed and running on the same machine as the Adaptive Server being
monitored. A one-to-one relationship exists between an Adaptive Server and a
Monitor Server. For more information about Monitor Server, see the Sybase
Adaptive Server Enterprise Monitor Server User’s Guide.
Monitor Client Library applications obtain Adaptive Server performance
statistics from Monitor Server. These applications are clients of Monitor
Server. For performance reasons, Sybase recommends running Monitor Client
Library applications on machines other than the ones where pairs of Adaptive
Server and Monitor Server are running. See the Sybase Adaptive Server
Enterprise Monitor Client Library Programmer’s Guide for more information.
The Adaptive Server Enterprise plug-in for Sybase Central includes a set of
monitors showing different aspects of Adaptive Server resource usage at
various levels of detail. Each open monitor is a separate application, with a
unique client connection to Monitor Server. In Sybase Central, each Adaptive
Server installation has its own Monitors folder containing the set of monitor
objects.
Historical Server collects performance information from Monitor Server and
saves the information in files for deferred analysis. Historical Server interfaces
let users specify the data to collect and the time period desired. They also
include a historical data playback feature. The interfaces are:
• A command interface in isql. For more information, see the Sybase
Adaptive Server Enterprise Monitor Historical Server User’s Guide.
• A programming interface using Monitor Client Library. For more
information, see Sybase Adaptive Server Enterprise Monitor Client
Library Programmer’s Guide.
Historical Server concepts
This section describes the following Historical Server concepts:
• Recording sessions
• Playback sessions
•Views
• Data items and statistic types

Adaptive Server Enterprise Monitor architecture
4Historical Server
Recording sessions
Recording sessions gather Adaptive Server performance data and store it in
files for later analysis. Some attributes of a recording session are:
• Monitor Server name – by association, this defines the Adaptive Server
whose performance you are monitoring.
• Sample interval – this attribute defines how often to collect performance
data.
• Views, alarms, and filters – views and filters define the data you want to
collect. Alarms define actions that can occur when a specified data item
hits a predefined threshold value.
• Starttime and end time –these specifications define the time period during
which you want to collect the data.
To create a recording session, use a sequence of commands in the Historical
Server isql command interface:
•hs_create_recording_session
•hs_create_view
•hs_create_filter (optional)
•hs_create_alarm (optional)
•hs_initiate_recording
When you create a recording session, Historical Server assigns it a session ID.
You can list the session IDs of defined recording sessions using the hs_list
command. hs_list can also show the complete recording session definition,
including view names and the data items, alarms, and filters in the view.
Historical Server stores these recording session definitions in its control file,
whichresides in the HistoricalServerhomedirectory. Therefore,hs_list cansee
only recording session definitions that were created by Historical Server
instances using the same home directory that the current Historical Server is
using. See “Configuring multiple instances of Historical Server” on page 23
for more information on configuring Historical Server home directories.
To examine the data gathered by a recording session, you can:
• Populate Adaptive Server tables with the data from recording sessions by
using the Sybase bulk copy (bcp) utility. See “Bulk copy example” on
page 99 for more information.
• Initiate a Historical Server playback session.

CHAPTER 1 Introduction
User’s Guide 5
Playback sessions
Playback sessions let you retrieve the data gathered during one or more
recording sessions. You can play back data in two forms:
• Playback to a client – the results of the playback are sent to the user, who
can view the results on the terminal or redirect them to a file.
• Playback to a file – the results of the playback are stored in a file. The
resulting files are essentially a new recording session. You can use these
files as input to yet another playback session, or as input to the bcp utility
to populate Adaptive Server tables, or any other way that you would use
recording session files.
The following attributes define a playback session:
• Input recording sessions – the input to a playback session is one or more
recording sessions.
• Views, start time, and end time – these attributes define the data from the
input recording sessions that you want to include in the playback session.
• Summarization level – you can specify raw playback, which shows you
exactly what was recorded, or you can specify various summarization
levels.
To create a playback session, use the following sequence of commands from
the Historical Server command interface:
•hs_create_playback_session
•hs_create_playback_view
•hs_initiate_playback
•hs_playback_sample (used only for playback to a client)
•hs_terminate_playback
Views
A recording session view defines the performance data you want Historical
Server to gather. A playback session view defines which performance data
from a recording session view you want Historical Server to play back.
A view consists of a view name and one or more data items. Each data has a
statistic type associated with it. See “Data items and statistic types” on page 6
for more information.

Adaptive Server Enterprise Monitor architecture
6Historical Server
When you define a recording session, you define one or more views to be
included in that recording session. A recording session must have at least one
view. For more information about creating recording session views, see
hs_create_view on page 72.
Appendix D, “Examples of Recording Session Views” contains many sample
recording session views.
When you define a playback session, you define which views in the previously
defined recording sessions should be included in the playback session. The
playback session view names must be the same as the names used for the
recording sessions views. You can include all data items or a subset of the data
items from the recording session view in the corresponding playback view. For
more information about creating playback views,see hs_create_playback_view
on page 67.
Data items and statistic types
A data item identifies specific information that you want to include in the
view. If a data item includes embedded spaces, you must surround the name
with quotation marks when you use it. Some sample data items are: Page I/O,
Login Name, and CPU Time.
Table A-1 on page 103 lists all available data items and describes each one.
Each data item has a statistic type associated with it. The statistic type defines
the duration of the data item (sample or session) and whether Historical Server
performs calculations on the data item.
The statistic types contain embedded spaces. You must surround them with
quotation marks when you use them in the Historical Server commands.
Not all statistic types are valid with all of the data items. Table B-3 on page 148
shows valid statistic types for each data item.
The six statistic types are:
•“Value for Sample” – this statistic type returns a count of activity or some
type of information that applies to the most recent sample interval. It
implies no calculations.
• Activity Counts – for data items that represent activity counts, this
statistic type returns the number of occurrences of an activity during
the most recent sample interval. For example, Value for Sample for
Page I/O is the number of page I/Os that occurred during the most
recent sample interval.