TAL TAL-100RS User manual

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TELESCOPE TAË-100RS (TAË-100RST)
Service manual

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CONTENTS
Page
1. General directions 3
2. Specifications 4
3. Standard equipment 5
4. Design and principle of operation of telescope 9
5. Optical train 9
6. Preparation for operation 11
6.1. Telescope assembling 11
6.2. Telescope balancing 11
7. Order of operation 12
7.1. Operation with telescope 12
7.2. Photographic observations 13
7.3. Telescope and atmospheric conditions 15
8. Maintenance 16
9. Rules of storage 17
10. Acceptance certificate 17
Supplement. Table of close stellar pairs for 18
testing image quality of telescope
The telescope is subject to continuous development and improvement,
consequently it may incorporate minor changes in detail from the information
contained herein.
1. GENERAL DIRECTIONS
ATTENTION!
Never attempt to directly view the Sun with or any other telescope including
finderscopes and binocolulars. Instant and permanent eve damage or blindness
will result. Never allow children to use the telescope during daylight hours
unless they are supervised by a responsible abult conversant with this real
danger.
If you decide to make an observation of the Sun directly, It is necessary to
reduce an aperture with the help of diaphragm and to use a black solar light
filter.
The telescope can operate normally at the ambient temperature from 30°C
to minus 30°C.
Telescope TAË-100RS (hereinafter in the text referred to as «telescope») is
a precise powerful amateur astronomer telescope. It demands a careful handling
and certain knowledge in the field of astronomy. Only in this case user will be
full satisfied.
When buying the telescope one should pay attention to the package safety
ensured by the seal of the manufacturing plant. After unsealing the case one
should check compliance of the complete set denoted in the list of enclosure.
Prior to using the telescope one gets acquainted with its handling and order of
operation.
01.03

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2. SPECIFICATIONS
Diameter of objective lens 100 mm
Focal length, 1000 mm
Focal aperture 1:10
Magnifications and angle field of view (changeable):
-with the eyepiece f'=25 mm 40x1°
-with the eyepiece f'=6.3 mm 155x0°15¢
Resolution limit 1.4²
Limiting magnitude 12m
Range of slow-motion control on the declination axes ±4°
Rotation of the telescope:
In right ascension (hour-long angle) 360°(24h)
in declination 360°
Operation limit by latitude:
with pier 0° - 70°
with tripod 0° - 60°
Angular field of view of the finderscope 8°
Magnification of the finderscope 6x
Overal dimensions:
length tube 950 mm
height 1460 mm
Weight of the telescope, 25 kg
3. STANDARD EQUIPMENT
Telescope 1
Eyepiece of f'=25mm 1
Finderscope 1
Equatorial mounting 1
Hinged clips 2
Supports 3*
Tripod 1*
Pier 1*
Table 1*
Screw 6
Accessories and Parts
Eyepiece of f'=6.3 mm 1
Reticle 1
Neutral light filter (gray, lunar) 1
Black light filter (solar) 1
Adapter 1
Stopper 1
Brush 1
Screwdriver 1
Napkin 1
Brush 1
Housing 1
Service manual 1
* Telescope can be completed with a metal pier (TAË-100RS) or tripod
(TAË-100RST) with table
Name Qty

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Fig. 1. General view:
1 - telescope tube; 2 - optical findescope;
3 - eyepiece set; 4 - nut; 5 - supports; 6 - pier;
7 - equatorial mounting
Fig. 2. General view of telescope mounted on tripod:
1,2 - stoppers; 3 - table
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2
3
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5
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7
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2
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Fig. 3. Equatorial Mounting:
1 - polar axis; 2 - screw of axis brake; 3 - folding clips;
4 - handwheel of micrometer screw of polar axis; 5 - declination axis;
6 - circle of declination; 7 - counterweights; 8 - hendle;
9 - bracket with scale of latitudes; 10 - circle of hour angles
4. DESIGN AND PRINCIPLE
OF OPERATION OF TELESCOPE
The telescope (fig. 1,2) consists of three basic units: the telescope tube,
equatorial mounting, and pier with supports or tripod.
The tube 1 is the basic part of the telescope, which embodies the optical
units: objective lens, eyepieces, and finderscope.
Eyepiece parts 3 consist of the following units: focusing mechanism, diagonal
mirror, set of symmetrical eyepiece f'=25 and 6.3mm mounted with the fitting
place of 31.8 mm (1.25).
Finderscope 2 is a scope with 6x magnification and field of view of 8°.
It is completed with blind 6 (fig. 5) which is mounted on objective lens.
The equatorial mounting (fig. 3) consists of polar axes 1 and declination
axis 5 perpendicular to the polar axis.
Fastened on one end of the declination axis is the saddle with hinged clips
3 in which the telescope tube is mounted; fastened on the other end of the axis
is the counterweights 7 which can move along the axis for balancing the
telescope tube.
The casing of the polar axis is fastened on the bracket 9 provided with a
scale of latitudes by which the polar axis is set to the latitude of the observers
site. Position of polar axis can be fixed with the help of handle 9. Setting circle
6 on the declination axis, which shows the object declination, is figured from
0 to 90° with a division value of 2°. Circle 10 positioned on the polar axis (the
circle of hour angles) is figured from 0 to 24 hours with a division value of 10
minutes.
The declination axis has braking screw and mechanism of slow motion,
which moves the tube in the range of ±4°. By using this mechanism it is possible
to correct the position of the object in the field of view.
Pier 6 (fig. 1) consists of a pipe with three supports 5.
The tripod (fig. 2) allows to adjust a height of telescope and to fix each leg of
tripod with the help of stops 1 and 2. Also it is completed with table 3.
5. OPTICAL TRAIN
The telescope tube (fig. 4) is a refractor with achromatic objective lens 1. It
provides a high quality of image with a resolution limit of diffraction level.
Telescope tube is completed with three changeable eyepieces 3 f'=25mm
and f'=6.3mm.
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Fig. 4. Optical train:
1 - achromatic objective lens; 2 - diagonal mirror;
3 - eyepiece; 4 - finderscope
For easy observation of celestial objects near by zenith an eyepiece set of
telescope turned to optical axis by 90° with the help of plane diagonal mirror
2. If it is necessary one should use a finderscope consisted of objective lens ,
reticle with cross-hair and eyepiece that to allow locating an object in the
centre of field of view.
6 . PREPARATION FOR OPERATION
6.1. Telescope assembling
For convenience of transportation and storage the telescope is supplied in
disassembled condition. An assembling of telescope is fulfilled before
observation.
Prior to assembling the units and parts should be cleaned from slushing
compound of plant.
Tripod is located on the place of observation. One should fix a table 3
(fig. 2) using for changeable parts.
The equatorial mounting is set on mounting of tripod and fixed from below
by means of clip.
One should set an axis with counterweights 7 (fig. 3) by thread on declination
axis 5 and fix by means of nut.
Folding clips are fixed on the mountings bracket 3 which are used for fixation
of telescopes tube 1 (fig. 1).
The finderscope is fixed on the tube with six set screws.
If the telescope is completed with pier, three supports provided captive screws
are fixed to the lower end of the pier through holes. The equatorial mounting is
set on the upper end of the pier.
6.2. Telescope balancing
For smooth motion of the telescope and reliable operation of the slow motion
knob it is important to balance its movable parts on the axes of the equatorial
mounting.
For this purpose one should set the telescope tube in the horizontal position,
unscrew the bolt of brake 2 (fig. 3) of the declination axis and holding slightly
the tube by hand see to it whether it remains in the indifferent equilibrium. If
the tube is not in balance, undo the screws of the clips, which fix the tube and
move the tube along its axis until it will be in balance. After that one screws in
the screws of the clips.
For balancing the telescope relative to the polar axis it is necessary to set the
declination axis in the horizontal position. Then it is necessary to screw up the
bolt of brake 2 (fig. 3) of the declination axis. Holding the axis by hand see to
it whether the telescope is in balance about the polar axis. If the telescope is
not in balance, move counterweight 7(fig. 3) along the declination axis. When
mounting the various devices on the telescope, for example, a camera, it is
required to balance the telescope additionally.
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7. ORDER OF OPERATION
7.1. Operation with telescope
Before mounting the telescope it is required to choose the place and prepare
the site. It must be even and solid. Mount the telescope on the site and check it
for tenable stability.
After mounting the telescope it is required to set parallelism of the optical
axes of the telescope tube and finderscope. For this purpose one should insert
a reticle 7 (fig. 5) into eyepiece f'=25mm and to insert the eyepiece together
reticle into eyepiece set. Then the telescope is pointed to the remote object.
The position of the telescope is fixed by means of the screws of the brakes of
the axes.
Then, by operating with the setting screws of the rings of fiderscope, one
brings the chosen remote object to the centre of the findelscope view field.
This operation is performed only once. In the future before observation only
the parallelism of the optical axes of the telescope and finderscope is checked.
The celestial sphere together with astronomical objects performs the visible
motion about the celestial axis. Therefor the telescope is provided with equatorial
mounting. Being set correctly, this mounting makes it possible to perform to
the celestial object tracking. After pointing the telescope to the object the
observer can keep the object in the view field center for a half a haul by rotating
slowly the micrometer screw of the polar axis.
In order to avoid guiding collection in declination, the polar axis of the
telescope should be set parallel to celestial axis. In this case the north (upper)
end of the polar axis faces the celestial pole positioned near Polaris (a Ursae
Minoris). For visual observations it is enough to incline the polar axis at an
angle equal to the latitude of the observing site and direct it approximately
along the line the South - North. With such setting of the telescope the object
will deviate step by step in declination (it is lifted or lowered in the view
field). This error is corrected occasionally by means of the micrometer screw of
the declination axis.
For photographic operations and in the cases when the telescope can be set
stationary, the polar axis of the telescope should be set precisely. For this purpose
one observers any blight star in the East, then in the South and makes notice of
the direction of the star displacement.
If in the observation of the star in the East it is disposed in the telescope view
field so that in its tracking the upper end of the telescope tube sinks slowly, the
north end of the three polar axis should be somewhat lifted.
If the upper end of the tube Is lifted step by step, the north (upper end of the
polar axis should be lowered.
For precise setting of the axis by azimuth one observes the star near the
meridian circle (above the South point) in the same way. If in the star tracking
one has to lower slowly the upper end of the telescope tube, the north end of
the polar axis should be displace to the West.
If in the process of the star tracking the upper end of the telescope tube I
lifted, the north end of the polar axis should be displaced to the East.
In 20-30 minutes of such observations one can set the polar axis so that the
star will remain on the cross-hairs for 10-15 minutes without correction in
declination.
After precise setting of the polar axis one can set the declination and haul
elides which must help to search the objects invisible with a naked eye or even
through the findelscope.
First of all one should set the hour elide which is fixed on the polar axis.
After fine setting of the polar axis set the declination axis horizontally. The
horizontal setting should be checked with the aid of a level. After setting the
axis one sets the haul elide so that «0» is found against the index. Fix the circle
by means of brake.
For setting the declination circle fixed on the declination axis one should
find the declination of two-three bright stars in the star catalogue or make use
of the declinations of the planets. With the help of the findelscope one brings
the star or the planet to the center of the field of view of the telescope at maximum
magnification. After that one sets the declination of the required star against
the index. The circle is to be fastened with a screw. Then one makes attempt to
find the second star by its declination. For this purpose one slackens the screws
of the axis brake and adjusts the telescope so that the declination of the star to
be sought is set on the declination circle. Fix the declination axis by rotating
the telescope tube slowly clockwise hound the polar; bring the star to the center
of the telescope field of view. After checking of the circle setting one tightens it
with a nut.
In order to avoid resetting of the polar axis and elides one should choose a
solid horizontal site. Best of all it is made of some concrete of 1.5x1.5 m size.
The position of three supports of the telescope pier should be marked on the
site. The telescope is mounted according to the marks on the concrete site.
7.2. Photographic observations
Photographing star fields is carried out with the use of the telescope in the
main focus. To make it one should use a small size 35 mm camera or other
devices having fitting thread of 42x1.0mm or 42x0.75mm. To mount a camera
it is necessary to remove an eyepiece set 3 (fig. 1) from tube and to mount a
camera with 42 x 1.0 mm thread. If it is necessary, one should use an adapter
8 (fig. 5) to mount a camera with 42 x 0.75mm thread. Mounted a camera one
should make a focus it and to balance the telescope.

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The exposures, which are required for photographing the star fields, are
tenths of minutes without interference of the street lighting. Therefore, for this
period of time one should see to it that the camera follows the sky precisely in
its diurnal rotation. Near the center of the field of view of the camera one
chooses the bright star to which the telescope is pointed. To keep the star on
the reticle cross hairs of the finderscope is the problem for an observer for the
whole period of exposure. As the cross-hairs of the finderscope is not illuminated,
the image of the guide stair should be slightly defocused in order to cross a
light circle of the unsharp image of the star by the cross-hairs and to keep the
star in this position for the period of exposure.
One applies minor corrections for a clockwork drive with the help of
handwheel 4 (fig. 3) keeping the star on the cross hairs for the whole period of
exposure. One corrects the position of the guide star with the micrometer screw
of the declination axis if necessary. To obtain the minimum corrections in
declination the polar axis should be set as precisely as possible to the celestial
pole. One should remember that if the polar axis is set incorrectly, even in the
case when the star image is kept on the cross-hairs, the images of the stars at
the edges of the field of view appear as dashes.
7.3. Telescope and atmospheric conditions
At high magnifications together with the increase of the visible dimensions
of the object the disturbances due to atmosphere are increased. They are
expressed in great blurring of the images of the distant objects, in scintillation
and blurring of the star images.
The observation in the cold seasons is possible when all telescope parts
acquire the ambient temperature. For air circulation inside the telescope tube
there is a hole plugged with a stopper in the cell of the primary mirror. In
operation the stopper should be unscrewed from the cell.
But in observations outdoor the great disturbance of atmosphere may take
place at nights, that lead to bad images of the celestial objects.
It is quite possible that at those nights the observations of the fine details of
the planets and of the Moon are unsuccessful.
It is apparent that the observations with the aid of the telescope through the
window are senseless as the rough surfaces of the window glasses distort the
images.
In case of precipitation and stopping of operation the telescope together
with supply unit must be covered.
Fig. 5. Accessories:
1 - cap; 2 - eyepiece; 3 - light filter; 4 - wrentch; 5 - napkin; 6 - blind;
7 - reticle; 8 - adapter
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8. MAINTENANCE
For faultless operation the telescope should be kept in cleanness and
protected against mechanical damage. The metal surfaces are periodically
dusted by using clean soft napkins, then wiped with a napkin impregnated
with acidless vaseline, after that with a dry napkin.
The lenses of the eyepieces are wiped with a dry linen napkin. The fat spots
are removed with a cotton wool piece impregnated with alcohol.
One should dismantle the optics only in case of necessity. In non-operating
position the telescope tube must be constantly covered with a cap and the
eyepiece one is to be plugged with a stopper.
9. RULES OF STORAGE
It is recommended practice to store the telescope in the heated room with
the relative humidity of maximum 80% at the temperature from 5 to 40° C.
10. ACCEPTANCE CERTIFICATE
Telescope ÒÀË-100RS (ÒÀË-100RSÒ), serial N . . . . . . . . . . is found fit for
service.
Date of manufacture and slushing _________________________________
Signatures __________________________________

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SUPPLEMENT
Table of close stellar pairs for testing image quality of the telescope
aPsc 1h59.4m+02°31 4.3-5.3 1.9 Pisces
gCet 2h40.7m+03°02 3.4-4.4 2.8 Cetus
xOri 5h38.2m-01°58 2.0-4.2 2.5 Orion
aGem 7h31.4m+32°00 2.0-2.8 1.8 Gemini
eHyd 8h44.1m-06°36 3.5-6.9 2.9 Hydra
s2
Uma 9h06.0m+67°20 4.9-8.2 2.7 Ursa Major
38Lyn 9h15.8m+37°07 4.9-6.0 2.8 Lynx
xUma 11h15.6m+31°49 4.4-4.8 2.9 Ursa Major
xBoo 14h38.8m+13°56 4.6-4.6 1.2 Bootes
eBoo 14h42.8m+27°17 2.7-5.1 3.0 Bootes
mDra 17h04.3m+54°32 5.8-5.8 2.2 Draco
tOph 18h00.4m-08°11 5.4-6.0 2.0 Ophiucus
70 Oph 18h02.9m+02°31 4.0-6.0 2.4 Ophiucus
e1
Lyr 18h42.7m+39°37 5.1-6.2 2.7 Lyra
e2
Lyr 18h42.7m+39°37 5.1-5.4 2.2 Lyra
dCyg 19h43.4m+45°00 3.0-6.5 2.2 Cygnus
mCyg 21h41.9m+28°30 4.7-6.1 1.8 Cygnus
xAqr 22h26.3m-00°17 4.4-4.6 1.8 Aquarius
Name
of star
Coordinates
h, m
ang.
degrees,
ang. min.
Magnitude,
m
Visible
distance,
ang. s.
Constellations