Thermo Products VH-BBP Spirit Series Instruction manual

MO-499
ECN 5390-MA 140813
OIL-FIRED CENTRAL FURNACE
Installation, Operation, And Service Manual
With Users Information Section
Models:
VH-BBP VC-BBP VLF-BBP VLR-BBP
VH-BNP VC-BNP VLF-BNP VLR-BNP
cWARNING :
•Do NOT store or use gasoline or other flammable vapors and liquids in the
vicinity of this or any other appliance.
• Improper installation, adjustment, alteration, service, or maintenance can
cause a fire or explosion resulting in property damage, personal injury, or
loss of life. For assistance or additional information consult a qualified
installer or service agency.
These instructions should be:
•read prior to installing the furnace.
•retained for reference by qualified service personnel.
•reviewed before performing any service or maintenance.
Thermo Products, LLC
5235 West State Road 10
North Judson, Indiana 46366 Made in USA

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Contents
SECTION PAGE
Notice to the Installer .................................................................................................. 4
INSTALLATION GUIDELINES ...................................................................................... 5
Codes ................................................................................................................. 5
Installation Location ............................................................................................ 5
Closet and Alcove Installation ............................................................................. 6
Standard Clearances .......................................................................................... 6
Air for Combustion and Ventilation ..................................................................... 7
Chimney Inspection ............................................................................................ 10
Flue / Chimney / Vent Connector ........................................................................ 10
Power (Side-Wall) Venting – Important Note Regarding ..................................... 11
Draft Regulator .................................................................................................... 11
Duct Work and Air Conditioning .......................................................................... 12
Air Filter Mounting ............................................................................................... 12
Electrical Connections ........................................................................................ 14
Room Thermostat ............................................................................................... 14
Combustion Chamber ......................................................................................... 15
Oil Burner and Oil Nozzle Installation .................................................................. 15
Fuel System Installation ....................................................................................... 17
Horizontal / Counterflow Furnace Setup ............................................................. 18
INITIAL OPERATION OF THE FURNACE .................................................................... 19
Initial Burner Operation ....................................................................................... 19
Supply/Return Airflow and Air Temperature ........................................................ 21
Furnace Limit and Blower Controls ..................................................................... 23
Room Thermostat ............................................................................................... 24
Instructions to Our Customer / End User ............................................................. 24
SERVICE ....................................................................................................................... 26
Troubleshooting .................................................................................................. 26
Flame Sensor (“Cad Cell”) Checkout Procedure ................................................ 30
Replacement Parts ............................................................................................. 30
MAINTENANCE ............................................................................................................. 31
Air Filter(s) ........................................................................................................... 31
Oil Burner ............................................................................................................ 31
Blower and Motor ................................................................................................ 31
Heat Exchanger .................................................................................................. 31
Flue and Chimney ............................................................................................... 33
USERS INFORMATION ................................................................................................. 34
Operating Instructions ........................................................................................ 34
Oil Supply ........................................................................................................... 35
Extended Shutdown ........................................................................................... 36
Combustion Air and Ventilation Supply ................................................................ 36
Inspection Areas ................................................................................................. 36

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APPENDIX A: SOURCES FOR REFERENCED STANDARDS ................................... 38
APPENDIX B: ELECTRICAL DIAGRAMS ..................................................................... 39
APPENDIX C: SPECIFICATION SHEETS .................................................................... 41
APPENDIX D: REPLACEMENT PARTS ....................................................................... 47

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Notice to the Installer
Installation of this oil-fired furnace must be performed by a qualified installer in accordance
with all local codes and authorities having jurisdiction. In the absence of local governing codes,
installation shall conform to these instructions and to the regulations of the National Fire
Protection Association’s Standard for the Installation of Oil-Burning Equipment, NFPA 31-
2001, and the National Electrical Code, ANSI/NFPA 70-2002, or the latest editions thereof.
A qualified installer, also referred to in this instruction manual as a “qualified heating
contractor”, is an individual, or agency, properly licensed and experienced to install and
service oil-burning equipment in accordance with all local codes and ordinances.
Material and Workmanship
This furnace was built with the highest quality materials and attention to workmanship.
However, omissions and defects occasionally occur. Before installing the furnace,
inspect the furnace thoroughly. If missing parts, defective material, or poor workmanship
are evident, report the model and serial numbers imprinted on the furnace rating label
to the seller for adjustment.
Packaging
A complete furnace is contained within a single package. The factory completed all
feasible assembly. However certain components including draft regulator and, if
supplied, door handle, air filter(s), and air filter rack(s), must be assembled to the
furnace, or the venting system, in the field. Refer to the assembly instructions.
Shipping Damage
If this furnace was damaged during transit, please immediately request the
transportation company inspect the furnace and issue a concealed damage report.
The party receiving the furnace should file the claim for shipping damage. Report any
shipping damage immediately.
It is absolutely essential that a damage report be obtained. If a concealed damage
report is not obtained, we cannot provide assistance in recovering your claim against
the transportation company.
Warranties
cWARNING: The manufacturer of this equipment assumes no liability for any
damages resulting from unauthorized modifications made to the furnace, or any
components thereof, or improper installation of the furnace in the field.
Furthermore, any such field modifications VOID THE WARRANTY and place
responsibility for safe and reliable operation of the furnace on those who
performed the modification(s).
Complete and return any enclosed warranty cards. These must be on file to verify
installation dates for replacement of any warrantied part(s).

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INSTALLATION GUIDELINES
Codes
All local codes and regulations take precedence over the instructions in this manual and
shall be followed accordingly. In the absence of local codes, this installation must
conform to these instructions and to the regulations of the National Fire Protection
Association (NFPA) publications, the Standard for the Installation of Oil-Burning
Equipment, NFPA 31-2001, and the National Electrical Code, ANSI/NFPA 70-2002, or
the latest editions thereof. To obtain copies of these publications for a fee, contact the
NFPA at the address given in Appendix A of this manual.
Installation Location
cWARNING:
•These furnaces are designed for indoor installation ONLY.
•These furnaces are NOT to be used as construction heaters.
•DO NOT hang the horizontal / counterflow furnace from a structure, or
surface, by any integral part or fastener of the furnace. The furnace was
not designed to support itself in this manner.
In as much as practical, the furnace should be positioned near a chimney or vent and
should be centralized with respect to the air distribution system.
For a utility room installation, the entrance door must be wide enough to permit the
largest part of the furnace to pass through the doorway or allow sufficient clearance to
permit the replacement of another appliance, e.g. a water heater, in the room.
If the furnace is installed in a residential garage, it must be installed so the burner is
located higher than 18 inches above the floor, unless the required combustion air is
taken from the exterior of the garage. Also, the furnace must be located or protected to
avoid physical damage from impacts by vehicles.
Highboy and lowboy furnace models must rest on sturdy, stable, and level surfaces.
The horizontal / counterflow model may be mounted on a level surface, as described
above, or it may be suspended from an overhead structure or surface. If this model is
suspended from hanger rods, support the furnace from the bottom casing surface
at three (3) places, across both ends of the casing and across the casing, near the
middle of the furnace. Generally, a simple support frame for the furnace can be
fabricated from structural steel angle, threaded steel rod, and fastener hardware, refer
to Figure 1. Adjust the height of the support angles to level the unit in position.

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Figure 1: Recommended Support Frame for Horizontal / Counterflow Furnaces
Closet and Alcove Installation
All furnace models may be installed in a closet or alcove on combustible flooring with
specified (standard) clearances to combustible construction. The horizontal /
counterflow furnace model requires an optional combustible surface-mounting
base (model # VC-BASE) for vertical installation (i.e., counterflow configuration)
directly on combustible materials, refer to Figure 2.
Figure 2: Counterflow Furnace Combustible Surface-Mounting Base
Standard Clearances
Standard clearances are mandatory minimum clearances from heated surfaces of the
furnace to combustible materials to assure protection from fire hazard during furnace
operation. (Refer to the Standard for the Installation of Oil-Burning Equipment, NFPA
31-2001, for definitions of combustible and non-combustible materials.)

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Accessibility clearances, which are typically greater, may exceed fire protection
clearances. Therefore, consider providing at least 24 inches of clearance from the front
(and the rear, for lowboy furnaces) of the furnace to obstructions and surfaces for
adequate service and maintenance access.
The minimum clearances from furnace casing surfaces to combustible materials are:
•3 inches from casing sides and rear
•8 inches from front casing of furnace to the closet door, with exception of:
othe lowboy rear flue model only requires 3 inches from front casing of the
furnace to the closet door
othe horizontal / counterflow furnace requires 22 inches from front casing of
the furnace to the closet door
•9 inches from flue pipe/vent connector
•3 inches from casing top
•3 inches from any side of supply air plenum
•3 inches above supply air ducts, within 6 feet of furnace
•For the horizontal / counterflow furnace only, when the optional combustible
surface-mounting base is used with the furnace in the counterflow configuration,
adequate clearances from the supply end surface of the furnace casing to
combustible surfaces are provided by the design of the mounting base.
Though these are approved clearances for these furnaces, space must be provided at
the front (18 inches minimum, 24 inches recommended) and at the rear of the furnace
for access, service, and replacement of the oil burner, air filter(s), circulating air blower,
and fan motor.
Air for Combustion and Ventilation
cCAUTION: Relief openings in the front or top of the furnace casing should not
be obstructed or blocked. These openings supply combustion and ventilation air
to the furnace.
Chloride, fluoride, iodide, and bromide bearing compounds when present, even in low
concentrations, in air supplied for combustion to the furnace, can result in accelerated
and severe corrosion of the heat exchanger and/or the venting system. This condition
can occur with less efficient furnaces, but is more likely to happen on furnaces with
efficiencies of 80% or greater.

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Often, household chemicals contain chloride-bearing compounds. There are many
compounds representative of this classification of chemicals. A few common examples
are listed below.
•Cleaning solvents
•Varnish and paint removers
•Bleaches
•Fabric softeners
•Water softener salt
•Tile adhesives
Avoid storing or using these chemicals within close proximity to the furnace. In addition,
avoid storing or using any chemicals, of an unknown and possibly flammable nature, in
close proximity to the furnace. If it is necessary to store or use chemicals in the same
space as the furnace, the area should be well-ventilated and all containers should be
sealed when not in use. If possible, keep chemicals in a separate, well ventilated, room
closed off from the furnace with a door.
The furnace shall be installed in a location within the building that permits a satisfactory
supply of air for combustion, ventilation, and proper operation of the venting system.
While all forms of building construction cannot be covered in detail in this manual, this
requirement may usually be met by application of one of the following methods in
ordinary building construction. However, applicable local installation codes always take
precedence and shall be followed.
The content of certain pertinent passages of NFPA 31-2001 on methods to obtain and
ensure adequate airflow to the furnace has been excerpted and, in some cases,
paraphrased below for reference purposes. Consult the Standard for the Installation of
Oil-Burning Equipment, NFPA 31-2001, for special cases and further details.
1. Utility Room (example of a confined space)
a. In buildings of conventional construction with normal air infiltration, two (2)
permanent openings connecting to a well-ventilated crawl space, attic, or
another large, well-ventilated internal area shall be provided. Each opening
shall have a minimum free area of one (1) square inch per 1000 BTUH of total
input rate (sum of the individual appliance input rates) of all appliances to be
installed in the utility room. One opening should be located near, or in, the
ceiling of the room and the other should be located near, or in, the floor.
b. In buildings of unusually tight construction (e.g. those having continuous
water vapor barriers; tightly-fitting, or weather-stripped, doors and windows;
and gasketed, caulked, or sealed outer wall joints and penetrations), wherein
infiltration and air exchange with the outdoors is very limited (0.35 air changes
per hour, or less), provision must be made to provide sufficient air for
combustion. The following method will usually be adequate to ensure
sufficient airflow into the space.

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Provide two (2) permanent openings, one (1) located within 12 inches of the
floor and one (1) within 12 inches of the ceiling, or roof, of the room. These
openings shall allow for direct exchange of air between the room and
outdoors. If required, ducting between the room and the outdoors shall be
provided.
•For horizontally -oriented ducts, each opening shall have a minimum free
area of one (1) square inch per 2000 BTUH of the total input rate (sum of
the individual appliance input rates) of all appliances to be installed in the
room.
•For vertically -oriented ducts, the minimum free area may be reduced to
one (1) square inch per 4000 BTUH of the total input rate (sum of the
individual appliance input rates) of all appliances to be installed in the
room.
•The minimum dimension of any air opening shall not be less than 3-
inches.
•When an opening in the outside wall must be provided, it should be
furnished with properly screened metal sleeves.
2. Full Basement (example of an unconfined space)
a. Where a furnace is installed in a full basement, in a building of conventional
construction with normal air infiltration, infiltration is normally adequate to
provide air for combustion and ventilation.
b. In buildings of unusually tight construction (such as those where weather
stripping and storm sash windows are used, and where basement windows
are also weather-stripped), one (1) permanent opening connecting to a well-
ventilated attic, or with the outdoors shall be provided, using a duct, if
necessary. This opening shall have a minimum free area of one (1) square
inch per 5000 BTUH of total input rate (sum of the individual appliance input
rates) of all appliances to be installed in the basement.
When an opening in the outside wall must be provided, it should be furnished
with properly screened metal sleeves.
If an exhaust fan, additional air consuming machines (e.g. an air compressor), or a
return air grill is present in the furnace room, there should be increased concern about
providing adequate airflow to the furnace. Additional efforts may be required to assure
an adequate supply of combustion and ventilation air is available to the furnace under
all conditions.

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Chimney Inspection
The chimney, vent, or any passageway for the stack gases to flow to the outdoor
atmosphere is a very important part of the heating system. No furnace, regardless of the
efficiency of the design, can perform satisfactorily when the chimney to which it is
connected is inadequate or in poor condition. Any of the following symptoms may
indicate a chimney has severe structural damage and is unsuitable for use.
•Chimney appears to be leaning to the side.
•Chimney appears to have structural damage, i.e. loose or missing blocks or
bricks, or excessive deterioration at mortar joints.
•Tile liner damaged or missing.
•Flue gas leakage along the length of the chimney between the chimney
connector and discharge termination.
•Excessive corrosion at the cleanout port or at the chimney connector entrance
into the chimney.
•Structural debris, i.e. mortar or tile liner flakes, in base of the flue way.
A qualified person shall inspect the chimney to confirm it is correctly sized for the
application, properly constructed, and in sound condition. Refer to the Standard for the
Installation of Oil-Burning Equipment, NFPA 31-2001, for details on proper chimney
sizing and construction. If needed, the chimney should be cleaned before installing the
furnace. Any accumulation of dirt or debris at the bottom of the flue should be removed.
Flue / Chimney / Vent Connector
cCAUTION:
•DO NOT install a manual damper in the chimney or vent connector.
•Thermally- activated type vent dampers are NOT recommended for use on
these furnaces.
It is desirable to install the shortest vent connector (also referred to as a flue or chimney
connector) possible with the fewest number of fittings, i.e. transitions and elbows.
Generally, 6-inch diameter, 24 Ga. or heavier, single wall, lock seam-type, galvanized
steel vent pipe and fittings are satisfactory materials for the fabrication of a vent
connector. However, always consult local codes and authorities for specific minimum
requirements.
For some installations, it may be prudent to turn the furnace flue elbow 90 degrees
clockwise, with respect to the front of the furnace, such that the elbow is open to the
right-hand side of the unit, rather than upward. Turning the flue elbow may better
facilitate connection of the vent connector piping to the flue elbow on the highboy and
front flue, lowboy furnaces. Due to the presence of the limit control and the wiring
harness, the elbow may not be rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise. The installer
must carefully mark and cut a hole in the furnace housing to allow the vent connector to
pass through the housing.

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If desired, with the furnace flue elbow turned to the right, the standard furnace top front
panel (p/n 17346-2) may be replaced with the top front panel from the rear flue lowboy
model (p/n 17383-2). Refer to Appendix D: Replacement Parts for sketches of these
parts. Contact your distributor to purchase this part.
All horizontal sections of the vent connector must slope upward not less than ¼ inch per
foot from the furnace to the vent termination. Long horizontal sections of the venting
system must be supported at least every five (5) feet with metal straps to prevent
sagging of the vent piping. Secure all joints in the vent connector with sheet metal
screws or equivalent fasteners. Vent piping must not be inserted beyond the inside wall
of the chimney flue.
Power (Side-Wall) Venting – Important Note Regarding
c CAUTION: Thermo Products, LLC will NOT assume responsibility for damage
to, and deterioration of, exterior building materials, e.g. brick, siding, clapboards,
and etc., in close proximity to the vent terminal due to operation of a power
vented, oil furnace. This policy is applicable regardless of the cause of sooting.
Two (2) problems typically arise when power venting any oil-fired appliance.
1) Soot buildup may occur at an accelerated rate on critical components of the
furnace oil burner, e.g. the primary control flame sensor (“cad cell”), the burner
head, and oil nozzle.
2) Severe damage may occur to external surfaces of the structure in the event the
furnace continually produces a high level of smoke in the flue gases. Excess
smoke and soot can be produced for many reasons, some of which cannot be
successfully controlled by the installer and the appliance manufacturer.
NOTICE: Thermo Products recommends the use of a chimney to vent residential
oil furnaces. If a power venter must be used, it is the responsibility of the installer
and power venter manufacturer to design, assemble, and demonstrate proper
operation of the power venting system with the furnace.
Draft Regulator
A barometric-type, draft regulator is supplied with the furnace. Installation or operating
conditions that produce excess amounts of draft can reduce the heating efficiency of the
furnace. The purpose of the regulator is to adjust and control the flow of flue gases from
the furnace by stabilizing the amount of chimney draft to which the furnace is subjected.
Generally, install the barometric draft regulator in the vent connector as close as
possible to the flue outlet collar of the furnace. However, always refer to the draft
regulator manufacturer’s installation instructions for application specific
recommendations.

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Duct Work and Air Conditioning
Design and installation of the duct system should follow the current guidelines of the Air
Conditioning Contractors of America (ACCA) or the American Society of Heating,
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE). Refer to the Residential
Duct Systems, Manual D, from the ACCA, and the ASHRAE Handbook Fundamentals
volume, from ASHRAE, for recommended practices in duct system design and
installation. To obtain copies of these publications for a fee, contact the ACCA and the
ASHRAE at the addresses given in Appendix A of this manual.
All furnaces are tested over a range of external static pressure that simulates the airflow
resistance of the ductwork, fittings, and diffusers connected to the furnace for a typical
(average) duct system. The furnace blower and blower motor have been selected to
work successfully against the following range of duct system resistance.
Recommended range of duct system resistance for all models: 0.2 to 0.5 in. W.G.
external static pressure.
Due to the need to maintain an adequate supply of combustion and ventilation air, the
furnace shall not be installed in small room without return air duct system. A duct the full
size of the furnace return air opening shall extend to a location outside the furnace
room.
If the furnace is used in connection with summer air conditioning (cooling), the furnace
should be installed in parallel with, or on the upstream side of, the evaporator coil to
avoid water vapor condensation in the furnace heat exchanger. If the cooling unit is
installed in a parallel flow arrangement, dampers (or other means used to control
airflow) should be provided to prevent chilled air from entering the furnace. If such a
damper is manually operated, it must be equipped with a means to prevent operation of
either unit, unless the damper is placed in either the full heat or full cool position.
NOTICE: Return air grilles and supply registers in the air distribution system
should never be obstructed.
Air Filter Mounting
cCAUTION: If cutting openings in the furnace casing is required, DO NOT cut
any supporting clips or angles. Cut as close to the scribed line as possible, but
DO NOT cut the base clip or blower pan support angle.
Lowboy furnaces are factory-equipped with permanent-type, air filters located above the
blower compartment, in the rear of the furnaces.
NOTICE: Horizontal / counterflow furnaces are not factory-equipped with an air
filter or filter rack. Furthermore, the furnace blower compartment does not contain
enough free space to permit an air filter to be mounted within the furnace casing.
However, the installer should supply, or fabricate, a filter rack and mount an air filter in
the return air plenum above, or upstream of, the furnace blower compartment.

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On the highboy furnace, it is necessary to cut the return air opening in the lower side, or
rear, of the casing depending upon the needs of the specific installation, refer to Figure
3.
Figure 3: Cutaway view of fan section of a typical highboy furnace.
The side casings have each been pre-punched with four (4), square, knockout openings
for use in locating the proper position for the return air filter rack. On the side of the
furnace, where the return air duct will attach, scribe a line connecting the outside edges
of the knockout openings to form a rectangle. Using a punch, or a large screwdriver,
and a hammer, remove the knockouts and cut the return air opening in the casing.
Sheet metal shears, or a power metal cutting tool, will be required to cut the casing.
Position the open end of the filter rack to the front of the furnace to permit access for
filter replacement. Align the filter rack with the rectangular hole and mark the locations
on the casing of the pre-punched mounting holes in the filter rack flange. Drill pilot holes
in the casing and permanently attach the filter rack to the furnace with screws, or pop-
rivets (these fasteners are not included). Connect the return air plenum to the filter rack
and slide the air filter into position.

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Electrical Connections
NOTICE: All field wiring must conform to local, state, and national installation
codes.
A disconnecting switch equipped with overcurrent protection rated at 15 A. (e.g. a time
delay-type fuse or inverse time, circuit breaker) should be installed in the service line for
shutting down and protecting the furnace and electrical system.
Since the furnace is entirely pre-wired at the factory, it is only necessary to connect the
building electrical service lines to the two (2) pigtail wires extending from the junction
box. The junction box is mounted inside the furnace burner compartment or mounted on
the front exterior of the furnace, in the case of the horizontal / counterflow model. The
service lines to the furnace should be no smaller than 14 Ga., insulated copper wire with
a temperature rating of 60ºC, or greater.
Connect an equipment ground wire to the furnace at the junction box. If wiring is run
through metal electrical conduit, it may not be necessary to run a separate equipment
ground wire. Consult local codes and authorities for specific minimum requirements.
A two (2) wire connection to the room thermostat from the oil furnace control is also
necessary. This is typically a low voltage (24 VAC) circuit. Consult the National
Electrical Code, ANSI/NFPA 70-2002, for guidelines for proper wiring methods and
materials for this circuit.
Refer to the electrical diagrams contained in Appendix B of this manual for an electrical
schematic, a connection diagram, and operating instructions.
Room Thermostat
A room thermostat is not furnished with this furnace. However, a thermostat is required
to properly operate the furnace control system in a typical residential heating
application.
The room thermostat should be located on an interior wall in the natural circulating path
of the room air.
The thermostat should not be installed in a location where it is directly exposed to,
•cold air infiltration, i.e. drafts from outside openings such as windows and doors,
•air currents produced by supply air registers, and
•heat from a nearby source, such as a fireplace, electrical appliances, lamps,
solar radiation, a wall enclosing warm air ducts, a chimney, or a flue gas vent.
These phenomena will adversely influence the operation of the thermostat, preventing it
from properly controlling the room temperature. Conversely, avoid installing the room
thermostat in a location where the natural circulation of air is blocked, such as behind
doors, in shelves, or in corners.

15
Generally, a room thermostat should be set at the lowest temperature that is
comfortable to the building occupants. This will result in the lowest cost to heat the
building.
Combustion Chamber
The furnace combustion chamber is a hollow, circular cylinder sealed at the bottom end
and open at the top end. The chamber is made of a lightweight, insulating, “soft”,
refractory material. The refractory material is composed of organically bound, alumina-
silica fibers that provide a high temperature region for combustion of the oil to occur.
Oil Burner and Oil Nozzle Installation
cCAUTION: This oil furnace is designed to use No. 2 distillate fuel (home
heating) oil only.
This furnace is designed to utilize the following specially modified, oil burner:
•R.W. Beckett Corp. model AF burner, specification # EFL-101
•R.W. Beckett Corp. model NX burner, specification # EFL-301
NOTICE: NO other burners may be used in this application.
The heat output from the furnace is fixed, based on the size of nozzle installed in the oil
burner. Four (4) heat input rates are permissible: 85,000, 105,000, 120,000, and
140,000 BTUH.
Nozzle selection (i.e. heating capacity of the furnace) shall be based on a rate of heat
loss (heating load) calculation for the building. These calculations should be made
according to the manuals provided by the Air Conditioning Contractors of America
(ACCA) or the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE).
Refer to the Residential Load Calculation, Manual J, from the ACCA, and the ASHRAE
Handbook Fundamentals volume, from ASHRAE, for the recommended procedure to
compute the design heating load of a residence. To obtain copies of these publications
for a fee, contact the ACCA and the ASHRAE at the addresses given in Appendix A of
this manual.
The oil burner was installed in the furnace at the factory. In the field, if it is necessary to
adjust the heating capacity of the furnace by changing the oil burner nozzle, refer to the
following instructions. Also, consult the oil burner manufacturer’s operating instructions
(included with the burner) for detailed instructions on this procedure.
1) The oil nozzle is factory installed in the oil burner. The gun/electrode assembly
with nozzle may be removed from the rear of the burner assembly without
removing the oil burner from the furnace. To access the gun/electrode assembly,
loosen two (2) machine screws and clamps holding the burner ignition
transformer in position. Rotate the transformer forward and out of the way.

16
2) Install an appropriate replacement nozzle of the correct size, spray angle, and
spray type. Refer to the Specification Sheets, in Appendix C of this manual, for
nozzle recommendations.
3) The furnace may have been handled roughly while in transit. Under some
conditions, the combustion chamber can shift out of position. Check for proper
alignment of the burner air tube with the circular opening in the combustion
chamber and trial fit the burner to check the insertion depth of the oil burner into
the combustion chamber.
The end of the burner air tube should be inserted no farther than 1/4 inch back
from the inside surface of the combustion chamber, refer to Figure 4. Do not
allow the burner tube/end cone to physically touch or protrude into the chamber.
High temperatures in the combustion chamber can result in damage to the tube,
the end cone, or both. A distance greater than 1/4 inch back from the inside
chamber wall may cause flame impingement on the combustion chamber wall
and subsequent sooting or carbon char buildup.
Figure 4: Side view of correct burner insertion into combustion chamber

17
The oil burner provided with this furnace requires initial inspection, set-up, and proper
adjustment. Refer to this manual and the oil burner manufacturer’s operating
instructions for detailed information on the following items.
•Initial firing of burner
•Adjusting the burner combustion air
•Adjusting the fuel pump pressure
•Setting the draft control
NOTICE: This oil furnace must be installed and adjusted by only qualified oil
heating contractor using calibrated combustion test instruments to ensure safe
and reliable operation of the furnace.
Fuel System Installation
In situations where the oil storage tank is installed at the same level with, or above, the
burner, a single oil supply line run from the oil tank to the burner will be usually be
adequate. No return line will be required. If the oil tank is installed below the burner and
the lift exceeds approximately 8-ft., an oil supply line and an oil return line are
recommended.
Refer to the Standard for the Installation of Oil-Burning Equipment, NFPA 31-2001, and
the oil burner operating instructions for detailed information on oil storage tank & oil
supply/return line installation.
NOTICE: We recommend installing a high efficiency oil filter, in the oil supply line,
capable of filtering 10 to 20 micron diameter (or preferably smaller) particles from
the fuel.
If available, the use of ultra-low or low sulfur (less than 0.0015% S and 0.0015 -
0.05% S, by weight, respectively), no. 2 fuel oil is highly recommended. Low sulfur
fuel oil can help to significantly reduce instances of blockage and corrosion of the oil
burner fuel delivery system (especially the nozzle), the furnace heat exchanger, and the
flue gas venting system. Air pollutants emitted by the furnace and the typical
malodorous smell of oil combustion will be reduced.

18
Horizontal / Counterflow Furnace Setup
The horizontal / counterflow furnace is shipped from the factory upright for vertical
installation (counterflow configuration). If the furnace is to be installed lying down on the
right-hand or left-hand side (horizontal configuration), the position may have to be
changed. The horizontal furnace may be turned end for end, or rotated, making the top
into the bottom, as shown in Figure 5. Refer to the following instructions for installing the
oil burner.
Figure 5: A horizontal furnace rotated 180° (or flipped end for end) to reverse
airflow direction
1) When the furnace is installed in the horizontal configuration, the oil burner
must be mounted in an upright position. It will be necessary to cutoff one (1) of
the threaded burner-mounting studs before attempting to install the burner. Trial
fit the burner to the burner mounting plate to determine which stud to remove. (A
rotary tool with a cutting (abrasive) disk or a hacksaw should work well to remove
the stud.) A machine screw (furnished with the parts package) will substitute for
the removed stud and provide a third point to secure the burner flange to the
burner mounting plate. Thread the screw through the burner-mounting flange and
into the open hole within the burner mounting plate.
2) Install the flange gasket and the burner on the mounting plate threaded studs.
Using fasteners supplied in the parts bag with each furnace [use two (2) or three
(3) 5/16 in. brass hex nuts and flat washers, as required], secure the burner to
the mounting studs on the burner mounting plate.
3) Secure the electrical conduit of the wiring harness to the oil burner junction box
with the hardware provided.

19
INITIAL OPERATION OF THE FURNACE
Initial Burner Operation
cWARNING: To avoid possible explosion, DO NOT attempt to light the burner if:
•Oil has accumulated in the base of the combustion chamber.
•The furnace is full of fuel vapors.
•The combustion chamber is very hot.
cCAUTION: The oil burner must be installed and adjusted using recently (within
the last year) calibrated combustion instruments by a qualified heating contractor
prior to placing the furnace in operation. Refer to this manual and the oil burner
instruction manual for details.
c CAUTION:
•To minimize initial fuel oil and combustion odors, ventilate the building well
while operating the furnace for the first time.
•Do not run the oil pump dry (without oil) for more than two (2) minutes.
Damage to the oil pump may result.
To initially operate the furnace:
1) Turn the electrical disconnecting switch to the “OFF” position.
2) Set the room thermostat above room temperature.
3) Be sure the oil tank is full of clean # 2 fuel oil.
4) Open all shutoff valves in the oil line.
5) Turn on the electrical disconnecting switch and prime the burner oil pump
according to the pump manufacturer’s instructions.
6) When ignition is established, make a temporary air adjustment for a clean,
smoke-free flame. At this point, the final burner adjustment should be made
using test instruments to measure oil pump pressure, smoke number, carbon
dioxide (CO
2
), carbon monoxide (CO), draft, and flue gas temperature.
•Refer to item (4) under the Troubleshooting section of this manual for a list
of required test instruments.
In order to achieve the best combustion efficiency, the following procedure is
recommended.

20
7) Measure the oil pump pressure. If required, adjust it to deliver the
appropriate pressure for the burner. The oil pump should be set to produce,
•130 PSIG, for the R.W. Beckett model AF burner
•175 PSIG, for the R.W. Beckett model NX burner
8) Carbon Dioxide (CO
2
) and Carbon Monoxide (CO) – In order to assure that
proper and safe combustion is taking place, carbon dioxide and carbon
monoxide measurements must be taken. A CO
2
reading within the limits of
Table 1 with no measurable CO is desirable. The maximum acceptable CO
reading is about 50 PPM. If the CO reading is too high, open the burner air
shutter, or air band, slightly to permit more combustion air to the flame.
Recheck the CO level and adjust as required.
9) Draft – Draft measurements should be taken through the overfire port and in
the vent connector, not more than 12 inches away from the furnace outlet. A
5/16 in. hex washer head bolt plugs the overfire port in the burner mounting
plate. Remove the bolt and insert a suitable draft measurement gage. After
the chimney (or stack gas passageway) has warmed up to operating
temperature, approximately 15 to 20 minutes of burner operation, adjust the
barometric damper to obtain the correct overfire draft reading. The overfire
draft should read 0.02 in. W.G. The draft measured at the flue (stack draft)
should read no more than 0.05 in. W.G.
NOTICE: The overfire draft is the more important measurement and
should be used to adjust the setting of the barometric draft control.
10) Flue Gas Temperature – The flue gas temperature will vary depending on
heat input rate, air temperature rise across the heat exchanger, and air
flowrate through the furnace. To prevent excessive water vapor condensation
from the flue gases, the gross flue gas temperature should not fall below
330ºF. In addition, if the gross flue gas temperature exceeds 650ºF, the
heating efficiency of the furnace will be reduced.
To reduce high flue temperatures, after properly adjusting the burner, check
for blocked supply/return airflow. Remove any blockages, increase fan
speed, or consider reducing the furnace heat input rate. Also, verify there is
no air leakage into the combustion chamber from around the burner mounting
flange or heat exchanger mounting plate. If flue gas temperatures are too low,
consider increasing the heat input rate or reducing the amount of
supply/return airflow.
11) Cycle the furnace several times to verify the burner lights off and shutsdown
smoothly without excessive noise or smoke production.