Trinamic TMCM-3110 User manual

MODULES FOR STEPPER MOTORS MODULES
TRINAMIC Motion Control GmbH & Co. KG
Hamburg, Germany
www.trinamic.com
Hardware Version V1.1
HARDWARE MANUAL
+ + TMCM-3110
+ +
3-Axis Stepper
Controller / Driver
2.8 A / 48 V
USB, RS485, and CAN
Step/Dir Interface
Encoder Interface
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TMCM-3110 V1.1 Hardware Manual (Rev. 1.04 / 2018-11-21) 2
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Table of Contents
1Features ...........................................................................................................................................................3
2Order Codes .....................................................................................................................................................5
3Mechanical and Electrical Interfacing ..............................................................................................................6
3.1 Dimensions...............................................................................................................................................6
3.2 Considerations for Mounting...................................................................................................................6
3.3 Connectors...............................................................................................................................................7
3.3.1 Power Connector................................................................................................................................8
3.3.2 Motor Connector 0, 1, 2 .....................................................................................................................8
3.3.3 S/D IN Connector................................................................................................................................9
3.3.4 Reference Switch Connector 0, 1, 2....................................................................................................9
3.3.5 I/O Connectors 0, 1...........................................................................................................................10
3.3.6 Encoder Connector 0, 1, 2 ................................................................................................................11
3.3.7 CAN Connector .................................................................................................................................12
3.3.8 RS485 Connector ..............................................................................................................................12
3.3.9 USB Connector..................................................................................................................................12
3.4 Power Supply .........................................................................................................................................13
3.5 Communication......................................................................................................................................14
3.5.1 RS485................................................................................................................................................14
3.5.2 CAN...................................................................................................................................................16
3.5.3 USB ...................................................................................................................................................17
3.6 Inputs and Outputs ................................................................................................................................18
3.6.1 Reference Switch Inputs...................................................................................................................18
3.6.2 General Purpose Inputs....................................................................................................................18
3.6.3 General Purpose Outputs.................................................................................................................19
3.6.4 Encoder Inputs..................................................................................................................................20
3.6.5 Step/Dir Inputs .................................................................................................................................21
4Motor driver current......................................................................................................................................22
5Onboard LEDs.................................................................................................................................................24
6Reset to Factory Defaults...............................................................................................................................25
7Operational Ratings........................................................................................................................................26
8Functional Description ...................................................................................................................................28
9Operational Description.................................................................................................................................29
9.1 Calculation: Velocity and Acceleration vs. Microstep and Fullstep Frequency......................................29
10 Life Support Policy..........................................................................................................................................31
11 Revision History..............................................................................................................................................32
11.1 Document Revision ................................................................................................................................32
11.2 Hardware Revision .................................................................................................................................32
12 References .....................................................................................................................................................32
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1Features
The TMCM-3110 is a compact 3-axes stepper motor controller/driver module for 2-phase bipolar stepper motors. It is
highly integrated, offers a convenient handling and can be used in many decentralized applications. The TMCM-3110
supports up to 3 bipolar stepper motors with up to 2.8A RMS coil current and supply voltages up to +48V DC nominal.
There are separate motor and reference/end switch connectors as well as incremental encoder (a/b/n) connectors for
each motor. Communication can take place via RS485, CAN, or USB interfaces. The module offers 8 general purpose
inputs and 8 general purpose outputs for various application possibilities. With its high energy efficiency from
TRINAMIC’s coolStep™ technology cost for power consumption is kept down. The TMCL™ firmware allows for both,
standalone operation and direct mode.
MAIN CHARACTERISTICS
Motion controller
-Motion profile calculation in real-time
-On the fly alteration of motor parameters (e.g. position, velocity, acceleration)
-High performance microcontroller for overall system control and serial communication protocol handling
Bipolar stepper motor driver
-Up to 256 microsteps per full step
-High-efficient operation, low power dissipation
-Dynamic current control
-Integrated protection
-stallGuard2 feature for stall detection
-coolStep feature for reduced power consumption and heat dissipation
Interfaces
-Up to 8 multi-purpose inputs (+24V compatible, incl. 2 dedicated analog inputs)
-Up to 8 multi-purpose outputs (Open-drain, incl. 2 outputs for currents up to 1A)
-Inputs for 3 incremental encoders (differential and TTL / open-drain)
-S/D in for all three axes (as alternative to on-board motion controller)
-RS485 communication interface (9pin D-SUB male)
-CAN 2.0B communication interface (9pin D-SUB male)
-USB 2.0 full-speed (12Mbit/s) communication interface (mini-USB connector)
Software
-TMCL remote (direct mode) and standalone operation
-Memory for up to 1024 TMCL commands
-Fully supported by TMCL-IDE (PC based integrated development environment)
Electrical data
-Supply voltage: +10V… +48V DC
-Motor current: up to 2.8A RMS (programmable) per axis
Safety features
-Integrated protection: overtemperature/undervoltage
Mechanical data
-Board size: 130mm x 100mm, height 30mm max.
-4 mounting holes for M3 screws
Please see separate TMCM-3110 TMCL Firmware Manual for additional information
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TRINAMICS UNIQUE FEATURES –EASY TO USE WITH TMCL
stallGuard2™stallGuard2 is a high-precision sensorless load measurement using the back EMF on the coils. It can
be used for stall detection as well as other uses at loads below those which stall the motor. The
stallGuard2 measurement value changes linearly over a wide range of load, velocity, and current
settings. At maximum motor load, the value goes to zero or near to zero. This is the most energy-
efficient point of operation for the motor.
Load
[Nm]
stallGuard2
Initial stallGuard2
(SG) value: 100%
Max. load
stallGuard2 (SG) value: 0
Maximum load reached.
Motor close to stall.
Motor stalls
Figure 1.1 stallGuard2 load measurement SG as a function of load
coolStep™coolStep is a load-adaptive automatic current scaling based on the load measurement via
stallGuard2 adapting the required current to the load. Energy consumption can be reduced by as
much as 75%. coolStep allows substantial energy savings, especially for motors which see varying
loads or operate at a high duty cycle. Because a stepper motor application needs to work with a
torque reserve of 30% to 50%, even a constant-load application allows significant energy savings
because coolStep automatically enables torque reserve when required. Reducing power
consumption keeps the system cooler, increases motor life, and allows reducing cost.
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Efficiency
Velocity [RPM]
Efficiency with coolStep
Efficiency with 50% torque reserve
Figure 1.2 Energy efficiency example with coolStep
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2Order Codes
Order code
Description
Size [mm3]
TMCM-3110-option
3-axes bipolar stepper motor controller/driver module with
encoder interface
130 x 100 x 30
Table 2.1 TMCM-3110 order codes
The following options are available:
Firmware option
Description
Order code example:
-TMCL
Module pre-programmed with TMCL firmware
TMCM-3110-TMCL
-CANopen
Module pre-programmed with CANopen firmware
TMCM-3110-CANopen
Table 2.2 TMCM-3110 firmware options
A cable loom set is available for this module:
Order code
Description
TMCM-3110-CABLE
Cable loom for TMCM-3110. Contains (see chapter 3.2, also):
-1x cable loom for power connector
-3x cable loom for reference switch connectors 0-2
-3x cable loom for motor connectors 0-2
-2x cable loom for I/O connectors 0+1
-3x cable loom for encoder connectors 0-2
-1x cable loom for S/D connector
-1x USB type A connector to mini-USB type B connector cable
Table 2.4 Cable loom order code
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3Mechanical and Electrical Interfacing
3.1 Dimensions
The board with the controller/driver electronics has an overall size of 130mm x 100mm. It has four mounting holes
for M3 screws (3.2mm diameter). Maximum board height (without mating connectors and cable looms) is about
30mm (approx. 26mm above printed circuit board level).
130
100
125
5
95
5
5
4x M3 screws
for mounting
Figure 3.1 Board dimensions and position of mounting holes (all values in mm).
3.2 Considerations for Mounting
The TMCM-3110 has four metal plated mounting holes. These mounting holes are connected to the system and signal
ground (which is the same as the power supply ground). In order to minimize distortion of signals and radiation of HF
signals (improve EMC compatibility) especially in sensitive and/or noisy environments it is important to ensure a solid
ground connection within the system. Thus, it is recommended to connect all four mounting holes in addition to the
supply ground connection to system power supply ground.
Nevertheless, this might not always be an option: for instance, the metal system chassis or TMCM-3110 mounting
plate is already connected to earth and a direct connection between supply ground (secondary side) and mains supply
earth (primary side) is not desired. In such a case, TRINAMIC recommends to use plastic (e.g. made of nylon) spacers
or distance bolts.
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3.3 Connectors
The TMCM-3110 has 16 connectors altogether. There are three separate connectors for each motor, three for
corresponding reference switches, and three for encoder inputs. Further, the board has two I/O connectors, one S/D
IN connector, one power connector and three connectors for communication (mini-USB, RS485, and CAN).
1
59
6
RS485 connector
Mini-USB connector
CAN connector
1
59
6
14
Motor 0
1
3
Power connector
14
Motor 1
14
Reference
switch
connectors
0
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
2
Encoder connectors
1 8
0
1 8
1
1 8
2
I/O connector 0
I/O connector 1
1
10
1
10
1
10
S/D IN connector
Motor 2
Figure 3.2 TMCM-3110 connectors
CONNECTOR TYPES AND MATING CONNECTOR TYPES
Label
Connector type
Mating connector type
Power
connector
JST B3P-VH
(JST VH series, 3pins, 3.96mm pitch)
Connector housing: JST VHR-3N
Contacts: JST SVH-21T-P1.1
Wire: 0.83mm2, AWG 18
Motor
connectors
JST B4B-EH-A
(JST EH series, 4pins, 2.5mm pitch)
Connector housing: JST EHR-4
Contacts: JST SEH-001T-P0.6
Wire: 0.33mm2, AWG 22
Reference
Switch
connectors
JST B4B-PH-K-S
(JST PH series, 4pins, 2mm pitch)
Connector housing: JST PHR-4
Contacts: JST SPH-002T-P0.5S
Wire: 0.22mm2, AWG 24
I/O connectors 0
+ 1
JST B10B-PH-K-S
(JST PH series, 10pins, 2mm pitch)
Connector housing: JST PHR-10
Contacts: JST SPH-002T-P0.5S
Wire: 0.22mm2, AWG 24
S/D IN
connector
JST B10B-PH-K-S
(JST PH series, 10pins, 2mm pitch)
Connector housing: JST PHR-10
Contacts: JST SPH-002T-P0.5S
Wire: 0.22mm2, AWG 24
USB connector
Molex 500075-1517
Mini USB Type B vertical receptacle
Any standard mini-USB plug
RS485
connector
Tyco electronics 3-1634218-2
D-SUB socket with 4-40 female
screwlocks
Any standard D-SUB female 9-pin
CAN connector
Tyco electronics 3-1634218-2
D-SUB socket with 4-40 female
screwlocks
Any standard D-SUB female 9-pin
Encoder
connectors
JST B8B-PH-K-S
(JST PH series, 8 pins, 2mm pitch)
Connector housing: JST PHR-8
Contacts: JST SPH-002T-P0.5S
Wire: 0.22mm2, AWG 24
Table 3.1 Connectors and mating connectors, contacts and applicable wire
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3.3.1 Power Connector
The module offers a single power connector with the option for separate supply for driver electronics and digital
controller part. A single supply voltage is sufficient. All further voltages required, e.g., for the digital components are
generated on-board.
1
3
Pin
Label
Direction
Description
1
GND
Power (GND)
Common system supply and signal ground
2
VDRIVER
Power
(supply input)
Stepper driver supply voltage. Without this voltage, the
stepper driver part and therefore any motor connected will
not be energized.
3
VDIGITAL
Power
(supply input)
Supply voltage for everything else apart from the stepper
motor driver ICs. An on-board voltage regulator will generate
the necessary voltages for the digital circuits from this supply.
This pin can be left unconnected. In this case a diode between
VDRIVER and VDIGITAL will ensure the supply of the digital parts.
Note:
It is expected that VDIGITAL and VDRIVER are connected to the
same power supply output when both pins are used.
Otherwise ensure that VDIGITAL is always equal or higher than
VDRIVER when connected (due to the diode).
Table 3.2 Power connector
3.3.2 Motor Connector 0, 1, 2
For each stepper motor axis a separate connector is used.
4
1
Pin
Label
Description
1
OA1
Motor coil A
2
OA2
Motor coil A-
3
OB1
Motor coil B
4
OB2
Motor coil B-
Table 3.3 Motor connectors 0, 1, 2
M
A
green
B
blue
red
black
Figure 3.3 Example: how to connect a QSH5718 stepper motor
TMCM-3110
QSH5718 motor
Motor connector pin
Cable colour
Coil
Description
1
Black
A
Motor coil A pin 1
2
Green
A-
Motor coil A pin 2
3
Red
B
Motor coil B pin 1
4
Blue
B-
Motor coil B pin 2
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3.3.3 S/D IN Connector
The module offers one common connector for external Step/Direction input for all three axes. This way, an external
motion controller instead of the on-board one might be used together with the three on-board stepper motor driver
stages.
1
10
Pin
Label
Direction
Description
1
GND
Power (GND)
GND
2
S_0
Input
Step signal input for motor 0 (+24V compatible)
3
D_0
Input
Direction signal input for motor 0 (+24V compatible)
4
E_0
Input
Enable signal input for motor 0 (+24V compatible)
5
S_1
Input
Step signal input for motor 1 (+24V compatible)
6
D_1
Input
Direction signal input for motor 1 (+24V compatible)
7
E_1
Input
Enable signal input for motor 1 (+24V compatible)
8
S_2
Input
Step signal input for motor 2 (+24V compatible)
9
D_2
Input
Direction signal input for motor 2 (+24V compatible)
10
E_2
Input
Enable signal input for motor 2 (+24V compatible)
Table 3.4 S/D IN connector
3.3.4 Reference Switch Connector 0, 1, 2
For each stepper motor axis a separate reference/limit switch input connector is available.
14
Pin
Label
Direction
Description
1
GND
Power (GND)
Signal and system ground
2
+5V
Power (Supply
output)
+5V output for external circuit
3
REF_L
Input
Input for reference / limit switch left, integrated pull-up to
+5V
4
REF_R
Input
Input for reference / limit switch right, integrated pull-up to
+5V
Table 3.5 Reference switch connectors 0, 1, 2
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3.3.5 I/O Connectors 0, 1
The module offers two I/O connectors. The number and type of inputs, outputs and supply is the same for both
connectors. Therefore, if only half of the inputs / outputs etc. is required it will be sufficient to use just one of the two
connectors and reduce/simplify cabling.
I/O CONNECTOR 0
1
10
Pin
Label
Direction
Description
1
GND
Power (GND)
GND
2
VDIGITAL
Power
(supply output)
Connected to VDIGITAL of Power connector
3
AIN_0
Input
Dedicated analog input,
input voltage range: 0… +10V,
resolution: 12bit (0… 4095)
4
IN_1
Input
Digital input (+24V compatible)
Home switch input for motor 0
5
IN_2
Input
Digital input (+24V compatible)
Home switch input for motor 1
6
IN_3
Input
Digital input (+24V compatible)
Home switch input for motor 2
7
OUT_0
Output
Open-drain output (max. 100mA)
Integrated freewheeling diode
8
OUT_1
Output
Open-drain output (max. 100mA)
Integrated freewheeling diode to Vdigital
9
OUT_2
Output
Open-drain output (max. 100mA)
Integrated freewheeling diode to Vdigital
10
OUT_3
Output
Open-drain output (max. 1A)
Integrated freewheeling diode to Vdigital
Table 3.6 I/O connector 0
I/O CONNECTOR 1
1
10
Pin
Label
Direction
Description
1
GND
Power (GND)
GND
2
VDIGITAL
Power
(supply output)
Connected to VDIGITAL of Power connector
3
AIN_4
Input
Dedicated analog input,
input voltage range: 0… +10V,
resolution: 12bit (0… 4095)
4
IN_5
Input
Digital input (+24V compatible)
5
IN_6
Input
Digital input (+24V compatible)
6
IN_7
Input
Digital input (+24V compatible)
7
OUT_4
Output
Open-drain output (max. 100mA)
Integrated freewheeling diode
8
OUT_5
Output
Open-drain output (max. 100mA)
Integrated freewheeling diode to Vdigital
9
OUT_6
Output
Open-drain output (max. 100mA)
Integrated freewheeling diode to Vdigital
10
OUT_7
Output
Open-drain output (max. 1A)
Integrated freewheeling diode to Vdigital
Table 3.7 I/O connector 1
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3.3.6 Encoder Connector 0, 1, 2
For each stepper motor axis a separate encoder input connector is available. Encoders with incremental output signals
–either differential (RS422 signals) or single ended (TTL or open collector signals) –with or without zero/index channel
are supported. For encoders with +5V supply the required +5V output is also available via this connector (max. 100mA
per connector).
8
1
Pin
Label
Direction
Description
1
GND
Power (GND)
Signal and system ground
2
+5V
Power
(supply output)
+5V output for external circuit (max. 100mA)
3
A+
Input
Encoder channel A+ input
(differential, non-inverting)
4
A-
Input
Encoder channel A- input
(differential, inverting)
5
B+
Input
Encoder channel B+ input
(differential, non-inverting)
6
B-
Input
Encoder channel B- input
(differential, inverting)
7
N+
Input
Encoder zero / index channel input
(differential, non-inverting)
8
N-
Input
Encoder zero / index channel input
(differential, inverting)
Table 3.8 Encoder connector 0, 1, 2
DIFFERENTIAL ENCODER SIGNALS
For differential encoder signals connect all differential signals (A+ and A-, B+ and B- and opt. N+ and N-) to the
respective connector input pins. Usually, onboard line termination should be also installed for differential signals
(close all three jumpers for 120R line termination of the respective differential encoder input):
Place jumpers for
proper temrination
Figure 3.4 Encoder input termination
SINGLE ENDED ENCODERS
For single ended encoders (TTL or open collector signals) connect the encoder signals A, B and optional N to the
positive/non-inverting differential inputs of the encoder connector A+ / B+ / N+.
The following connections should be made:
Encoder signals
Encoder connectors 0, 1, 2
Pin
Label
Description
A
3
A+
Encoder channel A+ input (differential, non-inverting)
B
5
B+
Encoder channel B+ input (differential, non-inverting)
N/I (optional)
7
N+
Encoder zero / index channel input (differential, non-inverting)
Table 3.9 Encoder signals for single ended encoders
Pins A-, B-, N- of the encoder connector may be left unconnected.
Please refer to encoder manufacturer data sheet for correct interface
settings, also.
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3.3.7 CAN Connector
A CAN 2.0B interface is available via a standard 9-pin male D-SUB connector. Only three pins of this connector are
used. The pin assignment of these three pins is according to CiA Draft Recommendation Part 1: cabling and connector
pin assignment.
5
16
9
Pin
Label
Direction
Description
1
2
CAN_L
Bi-directional
Differential CAN bus signal (inverting)
3
GND
Power (GND)
Signal and system ground
4
5
6
7
CAN_H
Bi-directional
Differential CAN bus signal (non-inverting)
8
9
Table 3.10 CAN connector
3.3.8 RS485 Connector
An RS485 interface is available via a 9-pin male D-SUB connector.
5
16
9
Pin
Label
Direction
Description
1
2
RS485-
Bi-directional
Differential RS485 bus signal (inverting)
3
GND
Power (GND)
Signal and system ground
4
5
6
7
RS485+
Bi-directional
Differential RS485 bus signal (non-inverting)
8
9
Table 3.11 RS485 connector
3.3.9 USB Connector
A USB interface is available via a Mini-USB connector. This module supports USB 2.0 Full-Speed (12Mbit/s)
connections.
Attention
On-board digital core logic (mainly processor and EEPROM) will be powered via USB in case no other supply is
connected. Use this to set parameters and download TMCL programs or perform firmware updates with the module
connected via USB only or inside the machine while the machine is powered off.
1
5
Pin
Label
Direction
Description
1
VBUS
Power (+5V
input)
+5V supply from Host
2
D-
Bi-directional
USB Data -
3
D+
Bi-directional
USB Data +
4
ID
Connected to signal and system ground
5
GND
Power (GND)
Signal and System ground
Table 3.12 USB connector
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3.4 Power Supply
For proper operation care has to be taken with regard to power supply concept and design. The board offers around
1400uF / 63V electrolytic buffer capacitors and additionally around 28uF / 63V ceramic capacitors for supply voltage
filtering.
It is important that the power supply voltage (VDRIVER and VDIGITAL) is kept below the upper limit of 52.8V DC (48V +
10%). Otherwise the on-board electronics will seriously be damaged! Especially, when the selected operating voltage
is near the upper limit, a regulated power supply is highly recommended.
Pow er
connector
V
DIGI TAL
V
DRIVER
SMBJ48A 3x470µF
GND GND
GND
47µF
GND
SK36A
SMBJ48A
GND
6x4.7µF
Supply of other circuits via on-board
regulators
+5V on encoder connector 0-2
+5V on reference switch connector 0-2
VDIGI TAL on I/O connector 0+1
3 x TMC262 + MOSFETs
(stepper driver)
Figure 3.5 TMCM-3110 power supply concept
CAUTION!
Add external power supply capacitors!
The module contains a number of capacitors for power supply filtering. Nevertheless, depending
on operation and selected motors the resulting capacity might be not large enough for proper
supply buffering. Rule of thumb: buffer capacity should be around 1000µF per 1A power supply
current located not far away from the module between power supply wires. Please note: upper
supply voltage limit must not be exceeded –not even for a short period of time! In this context
it should be taken into account that the module will transfer energy from the motor back into
the supply rail when the motor is working as generator e.g. during de-acceleration or brake
conditions. In case the power supply capacitors are not sufficient for limiting power supply rising,
additional measures have to be considered (e.g. suppressor diodes, brake resistor).
Do not connect or disconnect motor during operation!
Motor cable and motor inductivity might lead to voltage spikes when the motor is disconnected
/ connected while energized. These voltage spikes might exceed voltage limits of the driver
MOSFETs and might permanently damage them. Therefore, always disconnect power supply
before connecting / disconnecting the motor.
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3.5 Communication
3.5.1 RS485
For remote control and communication with a host system the TMCM-3110 provides a two wire RS485 bus interface.
To select a modules’ address, the TMCM-3110 is equipped with dip switches with digits from 1 to 8. Anyhow, the
switches use the binary digit system. Thus, node addresses from 1 to 255 can be set.
THERE ARE TWO POSSIBILITIES FOR THE ADDRESS SETTING
-All DIP switches off: RS485 address is taken from the on-board non-volatile memory (EEPROM). Factory default
value for the module address is 1.
-At least one DIP switch on: the 8 DIP switches define the RS485 address. The address is specified as binary 8bit
value –DIP switches 1… 8 specify bit 1… 8 of the address
Figure 3.6 Dip switch for address selection
Note
-Per default, all dip switches are off and the module address taken from the EEPROM is 1. Per default, the host
address is 2.
-Do not use equal addresses for the host and the TMCM-3110!
For remote control and communication with a host system the TMCM-3110 provides a two wire RS485 bus interface.
For proper operation the following items should be taken into account when setting up an RS485 network:
1. BUS STRUCTURE:
The network topology should follow a bus structure as closely as possible. That is, the connection between
each node and the bus itself should be as short as possible. Basically, it should be short compared to the
length of the bus.
c:> node
1
node
n- 1
node
n
Host Slave Slave Slave
RS485
termination
resistor
(120 Ohm)
termination
resistor
(120 Ohm)
}
keep distance as
short as possible
Figure 3.3: Bus structure
2. BUS TERMINATION:
Especially for longer busses and/or multiple nodes connected to the bus and/or high communication speeds,
the bus should be properly terminated at both ends. The TMCM-3110 does not integrate any termination
resistor. Therefore, 120 Ohm termination resistors at both ends of the bus have to be added externally.
3. NUMBER OF NODES:
The RS485 electrical interface standard (EIA-485) allows up to 32 nodes to be connected to a single bus. The
bus transceiver used on the TMCM-3110 (SN65HVD1781D) has a significantly reduced bus load and allows a
maximum of 255 units to be connected to a single RS485 bus using TMCL firmware. Please note: usually it
cannot be expected to get reliable communication with the maximum number of nodes connected to one bus
and maximum supported communication speed at the same time. Instead, a compromise has to be found
between bus cable length, communication speed and number of nodes.
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4. COMMUNICATION SPEED:
The maximum RS485 communication speed supported by the TMCM-3110 is 1Mbit/s. Factory default is 9600
bit/s. Please see separate TMCM-6110 TMCL firmware manual for information regarding other possible
communication speeds.
5. NO FLOATING BUS LINES:
Avoid floating bus lines while neither the host/master nor one of the slaves along the bus line is transmitting
data (all bus nodes switched to receive mode). Floating bus lines may lead to communication errors. In order
to ensure valid signals on the bus it is recommended to use a resistor network connecting both bus lines to
well defined logic levels.
There are actually two options which can be recommended:
Add resistor (Bias) network on one side of the bus, only (120R termination resistor still at both ends):
node
n- 1
node
n
Slave Slave
termination
resistor
(120R)
+5V
GND
pull-up (680R)
pull-down (680R)
RS485- / RS485B
termination
resistor
(220R)
RS485+ / RS485A
Figure 3.4: Bus lines with resistor (Bias) network on one side, only
Or add resistor (Bias) network at both ends of the bus (like Profibus™ termination):
node
n- 1
node
n
Slave Slave
termination
resistor
(220R)
+5V
GND
pull-up (390R)
pull-down (390R)
RS485- / RS485B
RS485+ / RS485A
termination
resistor
(220R)
+5V
GND
pull-up (390R)
pull-down (390R)
Figure 3.5: Bus lines with resistor (Bias) network at both ends
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3.5.2 CAN
For remote control and communication with a host system the TMCM-3110 provides a CAN bus interface. To select a
modules’ address, the TMCM-3110 is equipped with dip switches with digits from 1 to 8. Anyhow, the switches use
the binary digit system. Thus, node addresses from 1 to 255 can be set.
THERE ARE TWO POSSIBILITIES FOR THE ADDRESS SETTING
-All DIP switches off: CAN address is taken from the on-board non-volatile memory (EEPROM). Factory default
value for the module address is 1.
-At least one DIP switch on: the 8 DIP switches define the CAN address. The address is specified as binary 8bit
value –DIP switches 1… 8 specify bit 1… 8 of the address.
Figure 3.7 Dip switch for address selection
Note
-Per default, all dip switches are off and the module address taken from the EEPROM is 1. Per default, the host
address is 2.
-Do not use equal addresses for the host and the TMCM-3110!
For proper operation the following items should be taken into account when setting up a CAN network:
6. BUS STRUCTURE:
The network topology should follow a bus structure as closely as possible. That is, the connection between
each node and the bus itself should be as short as possible. Basically, it should be short compared to the
length of the bus.
c:> node
1
node
n- 1
node
n
Host Slave Slave Slave
CAN
termination
resistor
(120 Ohm)
termination
resistor
(120 Ohm)
}
keep distance as
short as possible
Figure 3.8 CAN bus structure
7. BUS TERMINATION:
Especially for longer busses and/or multiple nodes connected to the bus and/or high communication speeds,
the bus should be properly terminated at both ends. The TMCM-3110 does not integrate any termination
resistor. Therefore, 120Ωtermination resistors at both ends of the bus have to be added externally.
8. NUMBER OF NODES:
The bus transceiver used on the TMCM-3110 units (TJA1050T) supports at least 110 nodes under optimum
conditions. Practically achievable number of nodes per CAN bus highly depends on bus length (longer bus ->
less nodes) and communication speed (higher speed -> less nodes).
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3.5.3 USB
For remote control and communication with a host system the TMCM-3110 provides a USB 2.0 full-speed (12Mbit/s)
interface (mini-USB connector). As soon as a USB-Host is connected the module will accept commands via USB. The
CAN interface will be de-activated then.
The TMCM-3110 supports both, USB self powered operation (when an external power is supplied via the power supply
connector) and USB bus powered operation, (no external power supply via power supply connector).
USB BUS POWERED OPERATION MODE
On-board digital core logic will be powered via USB in case no other supply is connected (USB bus powered operation).
The digital core logic comprehends the microcontroller itself and also the EEPROM. The USB bus powered operation
mode has been implemented to enable configuration, parameter settings, read-outs, firmware updates, etc. by just
connecting an USB cable between module and host PC. No additional cabling or external devices (e.g. power supply)
are required.
Please note that the module might draw current from the USB +5V bus supply even in USB self powered operation
depending on the voltage level of this supply.
Motor movements are not possible in this operation mode. Therefore, connect the power connector and change to
USB self powered operation mode.
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3.6 Inputs and Outputs
3.6.1 Reference Switch Inputs
The three reference switch connectors –one for each stepper motor axis –offer two reference switch inputs each,
REF_L and REF_R. Both inputs have the same input circuit with voltage resistor dividers, limiting diodes against over-
and under-voltage and programmable 2k2 pull-ups to +5V. The programmable pull-ups can be switched on or off
together for all three axes.
+3.3V
REF_L
REF_R
TMC429
10k
22k
1nF
GND GND GND
2k2
+5V
Figure 3.9 Reference switch input circuit (simplified diagram)
With TMCL firmware commands GAP 10, 0 and GAP 11, 0 can be used to read out the status of the reference switch
inputs. See TMCL Firmware Manual chapter 5 about Axis parameters and Reference search for more details.
3.6.2 General Purpose Inputs
The TMCM-3110 offers two I/O connectors with 8 inputs altogether including two dedicated analog inputs. All inputs
offer the same basic input protection circuit. The dedicated analog inputs have different input voltage dividers in order
to support a full scale input voltage range of 0…+10V. The other digital inputs have been designed in order to be able
to accept +5V and +24V signal levels.
+3.3V
IN_1
IN_2
IN_3
IN_5
IN_6
IN_7
microcontroller
10k
22k
1nF
GND GND GND
Figure 3.10 General purpose digital input circuit
With TMCL firmware command GIO <n>, 0 can be used to read out the status of the digital input <n>. See TMCL
Firmware Manual command GIO for more details.
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+3.3V
AIN_0
AIN_4
microcontroller
22k
10k
1nF
GND GND GND
Figure 3.11 General purpose analog input circuit
With TMCL firmware command GIO <n>, 1 can be used to read out the analog / digital converted value of the analog
input <n>. See TMCL Firmware Manual command GIO for more details.
The function of the inputs might differ depending on firmware version.
3.6.3 General Purpose Outputs
The TMCM-3110 offers two I/O connectors with 8 outputs altogether. All 16 outputs are open-drain outputs and a
freewheeling diode (to VDIGTAL) is already integrated.
Note
-Two outputs offer more powerful MOSFET driver transistors supporting currents up to 1A. All other outputs have
been designed for currents up to 100mA.
-If VDIGITAL connection of the I/O connectors is used for supply of substantial current to any external circuit, please
make sure to connect VDIGTIAL in addition to VDRIVER of the power supply connector.
VDI GITAL
OUT_0,
OUT_1,
OUT_2,
OUT_3,
OUT_4,
OUT_5,
OUT_6,
OUT_7
microcontroller
GND
Figure 3.12 General purpose output (open-drain with freewheeling diode)
With TMCL firmware command SIO <n>, 2, 1 can be used to set / pull-down the output <n>. See TMCL Firmware
Manual command SIO for more details.
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3.6.4 Encoder Inputs
The TMCM-3110 offers three connectors for incremental a/b/n encoders. Encoders with or without index/ null/zero
channel are supported. Differential signals, push-pull (TTL) or open-collector are accepted. For differential signals on-
board termination resistors can be activated via jumpers.
Encoder input circuit for each encoder channel:
A+
microcontroller
470R
+5V
A-
B+
470R
470R
B-
N+
N-
47k
47k
47k
3k3 2k2
+5V
GND
120R
120R
120R
Termination
jumper
microcontroller
microcontroller
Figure 3.13 Encoder input circuit
The termination jumpers –three jumpers per encoder input channel –are located close to the encoder connector:
Termination jumpers
for encoder input 0
Encoder connectors
18
018
118 2
Termination jumpers
for encoder input 1
Termination jumpers
for encoder input 2
Figure 3.14 Termination jumper for differential encoder signals (jumper shown open / no termination)
For activation of line termination for differential encoder signals, jumpers have to be closed (see chapter 3.3.6).
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