VENGEANCE Warrior 2003 User manual

VENGEANCE MOTORCYCLES OWNERS MANUAL
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Vengeance Motorcycles, Mira Loma, CA USA • 866-483-6432 • www.VengeanceMotorcycles.com
© 2003 Vengeance Performance Products, LLC All Rights Reserved • VOM 1st Edition Rev 2.3 06/03
•Vengeance Warrior
•Vengeance Raider
•Vengeance Invader
•Vengeance Striker
•Vengeance Vendetta
•Vengeance Vindicator
2003 OWNERS MANUAL

VENGEANCE MOTORCYCLES OWNERS MANUAL
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Vengeance Motorcycles, Mira Loma, CA USA • 866-483-6432 • www.VengeanceMotorcycles.com
© 2003 Vengeance Performance Products, LLC All Rights Reserved • VOM 1st Edition Rev 2.3 06/03

VENGEANCE MOTORCYCLES OWNERS MANUAL
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Vengeance Motorcycles, Mira Loma, CA USA • 866-483-6432 • www.VengeanceMotorcycles.com
© 2003 Vengeance Performance Products, LLC All Rights Reserved • VOM 1st Edition Rev 2.3 06/03
WELCOME
We thank you for your purchase of a 2003 Vengeance Motorcycle and appreciate your confidence in Vengeance
Performance Products. Your new Vengeance Motorcycle is designed and manufactured to be the finest in the
American V-twin industry.
We have prepared a simple and understandable guide for your motorcycle's care and operation and recommend that
you follow the instructions carefully for maximum performance, vehicle safety, and enhanced personal motorcycling
pleasure. You should become thoroughly acquainted with your manual before riding your Vengeance Motorcycle.
This Owner’s Manual provides instructions for the care and maintenance of minor service items that can be performed
by you, the owner. Maintenance and repair procedures that involve major components such as engine, transmission,
brakes, and electrical, etc. are also addressed in this manual, but it is recommended (and in some instances required)
that the motorcycle be serviced by an authorized Vengeance Motorcycle Service Center. Specific procedures require
the skills of a qualified, skilled technician and the use of special tools and equipment.
This manual also serves as a central location to maintain all data and records pertinent to your motorcycle. Should
you ever decide to sell your motorcycle, the manual is designed to be forwarded to its new owner in order to provide
its history along with necessary support information to continue its proper care and maintenance.
Driver and passenger safety is our top priority at Vengeance, and as an active member of the Motorcycle Safety
Foundation, we have included help on how to ride safely as well as respond to potential riding hazards. Additionally,
we have reprinted the MSF’s booklet “You and Your Motorcycle – Riding Tips” which includes insights from seasoned
riders and included it in this book.
Please pay particular attention to the break-in procedures. Followed correctly, these procedures will ensure peak
vehicle performance over a longer period of time.
The information in this manual is based on the most recent production information available at the time of printing and
was created for the entire Vengeance Motorcycle model line. Specific features vary among models, and some of the
equipment mentioned may not be on your motorcycle. Vengeance Performance Products, LLC reserves the right to
make changes on its motorcycles without notice or obligation.
Should you have any questions or concerns about your motorcycle or its operation, please contact your local
authorized Vengeance Motorcycle Dealer or Service Center. For the authorized dealer or service center nearest you,
call Vengeance Customer Care at 1-866-483-6432.
We are committed to provide you and every Vengeance owner, whether you are the first or a subsequent owner, with
service and support that is unmatched in the industry. Please complete the enclosed Warranty Form and return it to
us. It can also be completed on our website at http://www.vengeancemotorcycles.com
Subsequent owners can complete and return the Successive Owner information form in the manual which will allow
us to communicate information and updates to all current Vengeance Motorcycle owners.
Congratulations and thank you once again from all of us at Vengeance. Enjoy the journey!
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced by any means, electronic or mechanical,
in whole or in part is not permitted without written authorization from Vengeance Performance Products,
LLC.

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Vengeance Motorcycles, Mira Loma, CA USA • 866-483-6432 • www.VengeanceMotorcycles.com
© 2003 Vengeance Performance Products, LLC All Rights Reserved • VOM 1st Edition Rev 2.3 06/03
NOTES, WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS
The NOTES, WARNINGS, and CAUTIONS throughout this manual should be read completely and fully understood
before you begin your first experience on your new Vengeance Motorcycle.
Your safety and the safety of your passenger are the most important thing to consider when riding this motorcycle.
Remember that you must do your part to ensure you have a safe and enjoyable trip.
The terms NOTE, WARNING, and CAUTION have specific meanings in this manual:
A NOTE provides additional information to make a step or procedure easier or clearer. Disregarding a NOTE could
cause inconvenience, but would not cause damage or personal injury. This information has been placed in italic type.
A CAUTION emphasizes areas where equipment damage could occur. Disregarding a CAUTION could cause
permanent mechanical damage which could cause personal injury. A CAUTION IS INDICATED IN BOLD CAPITAL
LETTERS.
A WARNING emphasizes areas where personal injury or even death could result from negligence.
Mechanical damage may also occur. WARNINGS are to be taken seriously. In some cases serious injury and death
has resulted from ignoring WARNINGS.
IMPORTANT NOTE:
Although this owner’s manual provides information for both novice and the experienced riders of
motorcycles, it is not to be used as a substitute for instruction on riding a motorcycle on public streets and
highways within the U.S.A. Vengeance Performance Products strongly recommends each buyer take a
motorcycle riding course to better familiarize him or herself with proper motorcycle riding techniques, safe
riding practices, and local traffic laws of his or her state of residence. Each person who rides a motorcycle
must be of proper age and must have the appropriate driver’s license to operate a motorcycle (typically a
“Class M” license). For further information regarding motorcycle rider education classes, please contact the
Motorcycle Safety Foundation at [phone] or visit their website at www.msf.usa.org.
WARNING
BOLD CAPITALS CONTAINED IN A BOX INDICATES THAT THE SUBJECT IS ONE THAT COULD LEAD TO
PERSONAL BODILY INJURY TO THE RIDER, PASSENGER, OR OTHERS:
YOUR VENGEANCE PERFORMANCE PRODUCTS MOTORCYCLE, LIKE ANY OTHER HIGH PERFORMANCE
MOTOR VEHICLE, IS SUBJECT TO VIBRATION FROM THE OPERATION OF THE ENGINE AND OTHER
VEHICLE COMPONENTS, AS WELL AS FROM TRAVEL OVER VARIOUS ROAD CONDITIONS. SUCH
VIBRATION, WHICH MAY BE SEVERE DEPENDING ON OPERATING CONDITIONS, MAY CAUSE NUTS, BOLTS
AND OTHER FASTENERS TO LOOSEN OVER TIME. IT IS IMPERATIVE FOR SAFETY, AND TO KEEP YOUR
BIKE IN GOOD OPERATING CONDITION, THAT FASTENERS ARE CHECKED FREQUENTLY FOR EXCESSIVE
WEAR AND FOR TIGHTNESS. TO ENSURE THE SAFE AND DEPENDABLE OPERATION OF THE
MOTORCYCLE, LOOSE FASTENERS SHOULD BE CHECKED FREQUENTLY AND TIGHTENED, IF
NECESSARY. FAILURE TO MAINTAIN THE MOTORCYCLE AS DESCRIBED IN THE OWNER'S MANUAL MAY
VOID WARRANTY.

VENGEANCE MOTORCYCLES OWNERS MANUAL
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Vengeance Motorcycles, Mira Loma, CA USA • 866-483-6432 • www.VengeanceMotorcycles.com
© 2003 Vengeance Performance Products, LLC All Rights Reserved • VOM 1st Edition Rev 2.3 06/03
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Welcome.....................................................................................................................................................................3
Notes, Cautions, and Warnings..................................................................................................................................4
“You and Your Motorcycle” - Riding Tips from the Motorcycle Safety Council ..........................................................7
Forward..........................................................................................................................................................7
Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................7
The Rider – What to wear When You Ride ...................................................................................................8
You and Your Legal Responsibilities.............................................................................................................9
Know Your Motorcycle.................................................................................................................................10
The Highway, Byway, Street and Alley........................................................................................................13
Handling Special Situations.........................................................................................................................15
Equipment Failures......................................................................................................................................17
Group Riding and Passengers ....................................................................................................................18
Loading the Motorcycle ...............................................................................................................................19
Drugs, Drinking and Driving.........................................................................................................................19
Conclusion ...................................................................................................................................................19
Motorcycle Skill Test Practice Guide ...........................................................................................................20
Familiarization – Major Components ........................................................................................................................26
Vehicle Identification Number......................................................................................................................26
Frame ..........................................................................................................................................................26
Suspension System .....................................................................................................................................27
Powertrain....................................................................................................................................................28
Braking system ............................................................................................................................................29
Electrical System .........................................................................................................................................30
Fuel System.................................................................................................................................................31
Controls and Operations...........................................................................................................................................33
Ignition-Light Key Switch .............................................................................................................................33
Instrument Cluster .......................................................................................................................................34
Speedometer ...............................................................................................................................................35
Turn Signal Indicators..................................................................................................................................36
Headlamp Hi/Lo Switch ...............................................................................................................................37
Electric Starter .............................................................................................................................................37
Engine Stop Switch .....................................................................................................................................38
Horn .............................................................................................................................................................38
Throttle Control Grip ....................................................................................................................................39
Fuel Supply Valve........................................................................................................................................39
Fuel Enrichener Controls.............................................................................................................................40
Fuel Caps ....................................................................................................................................................40
Brake System ..............................................................................................................................................41
Brake Light...................................................................................................................................................41
Clutch Hand Lever .......................................................................................................................................41
Gear Shifter .................................................................................................................................................42
Mirrors..........................................................................................................................................................42
Kickstand .....................................................................................................................................................43
Starting Your Motorcycle ..........................................................................................................................................44
Cold Starting ................................................................................................................................................44
Hot Starting..................................................................................................................................................44

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Vengeance Motorcycles, Mira Loma, CA USA • 866-483-6432 • www.VengeanceMotorcycles.com
© 2003 Vengeance Performance Products, LLC All Rights Reserved • VOM 1st Edition Rev 2.3 06/03
Break-in Procedures ................................................................................................................................................ 45
First 50 Miles ............................................................................................................................................... 45
Next 500 Miles ............................................................................................................................................ 45
First 1,000 Miles.......................................................................................................................................... 45
Next 1,000 Miles ......................................................................................................................................... 45
2,500 + Miles............................................................................................................................................... 45
Operation.................................................................................................................................................................. 46
Shifting Gears ............................................................................................................................................. 46
Downshifting................................................................................................................................................ 46
Shifting While Turning ................................................................................................................................. 46
Braking and Stopping............................................................................................................................................... 47
Stopping the Engine................................................................................................................................................. 47
Fuel Requirements................................................................................................................................................... 48
Service & Maintenance ............................................................................................................................................ 49
Transmission Oil Level................................................................................................................................ 50
Transmission Oil Change............................................................................................................................ 50
Engine Oil Level .......................................................................................................................................... 51
Engine Oil and Filter Change ...................................................................................................................... 51
Clutch Control Cable ................................................................................................................................... 52
Brakes ......................................................................................................................................................... 52
Tires ............................................................................................................................................................ 53
Wheels ........................................................................................................................................................ 54
Wheel Bearings........................................................................................................................................... 54
Fasteners .................................................................................................................................................... 55
Spark Plugs ................................................................................................................................................. 55
Suspension ................................................................................................................................................. 55
Battery......................................................................................................................................................... 56
Paint Finishes, Chrome, and Billet.............................................................................................................. 56
Warranty and Regulations Information .................................................................................................................... 57
Manufacturer’s Warranty Coverage ......................................................................................................................... 57
Owner’s Warranty Responsibilities .......................................................................................................................... 57
Vengeance Motorcycle Limited Warranty on Emission Control System.................................................................. 58
Noise Control System Maintenance......................................................................................................................... 60
Reporting Safety Defects ......................................................................................................................................... 61
Vengeance Motorcycles Limited Warranty .............................................................................................................. 62
Torque Specifications............................................................................................................................................... 65
Engine Service Intervals and Specifications ............................................................................................................ 66
Maintenance Records .............................................................................................................................................. 67
Warranty Registration Card...................................................................................................................................... 77
Addendum 1 – Electrical System Wiring Diagram ................................................................................................... 81

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Vengeance Motorcycles, Mira Loma, CA USA • 866-483-6432 • www.VengeanceMotorcycles.com
© 2003 Vengeance Performance Products, LLC All Rights Reserved • VOM 1st Edition Rev 2.3 06/03
You and Your Motorcycle: Riding Tips
FORWARD
The publication “You and Your Motorcycle: Riding Tips” has been reprinted in it is entirety and included as a complete
chapter in the Vengeance Motorcycles Owners Manual with the express written permission of the Motorcycle Safety
Foundation (MSF). This chapter or materials in this chapter may not be reproduced, for resale or otherwise, without
the express written permission of the Motorcycle Safety Foundation.
The information in this publication is offered for the benefit of those who have an interest in motorcycles. The
information has been compiled from publications, interviews and observations of individuals and organizations familiar
with the use of motorcycles and training. Because there are many differences in product design, riding styles, federal,
state and local laws, there may be organizations and individuals who hold differing opinions. Consult your local
regulatory agencies concerning the operation of motorcycles in your area.
The Motorcycle Safety Foundation is a national, not-for-profit organization promoting the safety of motorcycles with
programs in rider training, operator licensing and public information. The MSF is sponsored by the U.S. manufacturers
and distributors of BMW, Ducati, Harley-Davidson, Honda, Kawasaki, KTM, Piaggio/Vespa, Suzuki, Vengeance,
Victory, and Yamaha motorcycles.
INTRODUCTION
Congratulations! You have gained admission to the wonderful world of motorcycling. You are going to have a
marvelous time. You also have some new responsibilities, which is what this chapter is all about.
Motorcycling has grown more and more popular in recent years. We’re very glad to see the increase in people who
enjoy it. However, we’re also interested in keeping this a safe sport. The way to do this is to tell the rider – whether
novice or experienced – about operating a motorcycle safely. Your enjoyment, and your safety, depends on mastering
not only the art of motorcycling but also the realities of the traffic around you.
The staff at the Motorcycle Safety Foundation has prepared this booklet to provide you – the motorcycle rider – with
important tips that can help you to ride safely. Read these pages carefully. Thirty minutes spent reading this
information can be one of the most valuable half-hours of learning you have ever had.
THE RIDER
The Rider – That’s you! Riding a motorcycle properly is a skill you can learn. It’s not something you are born with, like
having red hair or blue eyes. It takes thinking and practice to ride one well. Unfortunately many riders never learn the
critical skills to ride safely and enjoy the sport to its fullest.
The best thing you can do is take a RiderCourse®. Beginning riders may take the Motorcycle RiderCourse developed
by the Motorcycle Safety Foundation (MSF). People who have been riding for some time can also benefit from taking
an MSF Experienced RiderCourse. You CAN teach an old dog new tricks.
The courses cover topics such as:
¾effective turning techniques
¾protective gear
¾traffic strategies
¾special riding situations
¾effective braking techniques
¾evasive maneuvers
The instruction is available nationwide. If you call the national toll-free number, [phone], you will get the phone
number of a training site near you.

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Vengeance Motorcycles, Mira Loma, CA USA • 866-483-6432 • www.VengeanceMotorcycles.com
© 2003 Vengeance Performance Products, LLC All Rights Reserved • VOM 1st Edition Rev 2.3 06/03
What to Wear When You Ride
Proper gear is essential to safe riding. Wearing the right clothing always makes the sport more enjoyable, and more
comfortable, too.
Helmet
Around the block or around the world, it makes sense to leave home with a helmet on your head. IT’S ONE OF THE
BEST ITEMS OF PROTECTION YOU CAN USE.
Helmets come in all sizes, from extra small (XS) to extra large (XL). There are also helmets for children. When you
buy a helmet, make sure it fits properly. Try it on; it should be comfortable to wear, neither too tight nor too loose.
Remember, it is going to spend a lot of time on your head.
Always fasten the helmet strap. If the helmet is not secured, it is doing about as much good as if it were on the shelf at
home.
Did you know that all adult-sized motorcycle helmets now sold in the United States must have a sticker indicating
DOT (Department of Transportation) approval, which means that the helmet meets certain basic impact standards?
Don’t buy a helmet without one; it may not meet standards. Helmets vary greatly in price and style. Buy one that suits
you. Wear it. Fasten it every time you throw a leg over the motorcycle.
A good helmet makes motorcycling a lot more pleasurable because it cuts down on the wind noise and greatly
reduces rider fatigue. The days of heavy or cumbersome helmets are gone; they’re now made of light new materials
with terrific designs and colors to choose from.
If you do drop your helmet onto a hard surface, or it receives a heavy blow, it is probably time to buy a new one. A
motorcycle helmet is designed to absorb the impact of a blow, and a helmet should only do that once. If in doubt, get
a new one.
Eye Protection
Riding with bare eyeballs is a gamble. Your eyes are precious, and it does not take much to injure one.
A fairing on a motorcycle is not eye protection; a bit of sand or tiny piece of glass can whip in behind it and get in your
eye.
Proper eye protection means an approved shield on your helmet, a pair of goggles, or shatterproof glasses. Settling
for less just isn’t worth the risk.
Make sure your eye protection is clean and unscratched. If you use a tinted lens or shield for riding in the bright
sunlight, take a clear one along as well, in case you are riding after dark.
Jacket
Motorcycle jackets are made in many sturdy materials: denim, nylon in its various guises, corduroy, and leather. The
hide of a cow, or any other commonly used leather, offers you the most protection when it comes to abrasion. You
can buy leather jackets with zippered vents, which are comfortable to wear even in hot weather as they allow a breeze
to flow through.
Pants
These should be made of a thick material, such as leather. They resist abrasion and provide protection from the
elements. A pair of loose, light cotton pants that flap in the wind is not very good riding gear. A number of companies
sell leather riding pants, and you can get pants and jacket combinations that zip together.

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Vengeance Motorcycles, Mira Loma, CA USA • 866-483-6432 • www.VengeanceMotorcycles.com
© 2003 Vengeance Performance Products, LLC All Rights Reserved • VOM 1st Edition Rev 2.3 06/03
Gloves
Always wear gloves. Even on a hot day. The car in front of you may throw up a stone that hits your fingers. Ouch!
Also, bare hands are not designed to withstand abrasion or accidental contact with a hot motorcycle part.
Boots
Over-the-ankle boots, please. Preferably made of strong leather. Your ankles are very complicated; protect them.
A boot with a slippery sole could cause embarrassment when you put your foot down at a greasy gas station. Rubber
soles, with a good tread design, offer better gripping capabilities.
Rain Gear
It rains everywhere in this country, some places more than others. Inevitably you will be caught out in the rain. Why
not have a good motorcycle rain suit along, with rain-covers for boots and gloves as well? It’s a lot more fun riding in
the rain when you’re dry.
High-Visibility Gear
The better people see you, the less likely they are to run into you. Brightly colored clothing is preferable to drab, dark
clothing.
You can buy special vests that are designed to make it easier for others to see you. Some military bases feel strongly
about this feature and require all motorcyclists to wear them.
For nighttime, you can buy clothing that reflects light, and put reflective strips on your helmet and the backs of your
boots. Every little bit helps.
YOU AND YOUR LEGAL RESPONSIBILITIES
Don’t forget, driving is a privilege, not a right. You have to prove your competence before your license is issued. If you
ignore the laws of your state, your license may be taken from you.
Laws are intended to protect you, not to harass you. You may be the best and safest rider in the country, but these
laws are to keep incompetent, dangerous drivers off the streets. Just think of the chaos if we didn’t have these laws.
Respect them.
Licensing Requirements
These vary from state to state. Most states require a separate license in order to operate a motorcycle. Go and get
one. Drop by your local department of motor vehicles and ask for licensing information. You put yourself, your wallet,
and your insurance at risk if you choose to violate the law.
If your state requests it, take the written test. And the riding test. Get your motorcycle operator’s license. Become a
full-fledged member of the motorcycling fraternity.
Insurance
The registration is easy; pay your money, and you get a license plate to bolt onto the back of the bike.
Insurance is harder, but most states require liability insurance. (Check your state’s laws.) Shop around for it. Some
companies give a discount if you’ve taken an MSF RiderCourse.
You can also get other coverage on you and your bike: comprehensive, collision, medical payments, uninsured driver
(the other guy), et cetera. Ask your insurance agent what each type of coverage can do for you, and how much it will
cost.
The better your driving record, the less costly the insurance. It pays to be safe.

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Vengeance Motorcycles, Mira Loma, CA USA • 866-483-6432 • www.VengeanceMotorcycles.com
© 2003 Vengeance Performance Products, LLC All Rights Reserved • VOM 1st Edition Rev 2.3 06/03
KNOW YOUR MOTORCYCLE
To be a safe rider, get to know your motorcycle extremely well. It’s very different from a car and makes more
demands on the operator. The motorcycle goes and turns and stops smoothly according to your degree of skill and
knowledge.
Get to know your owner’s manual; not all motorcycles are exactly alike. Types range from street machines (large
touring bikes, cruisers, sport, and traditional) to off-road and dual-purpose bikes. The manual gives you many
specifics you will find helpful in understanding and maintaining the bike you’ve chosen.
A close relative to the motorcycle – the scooter – is different from most motorcycles and you’ll need to find out its
particular features. Some have automatic transmissions, as well as starter interlocks. As with other small-
displacement machines, certain models may not be allowed on high-speed, limited-access highways.
It takes a long time to become properly familiar with a motorcycle, so it is best not to lend it or borrow one. Think of
your motorcycle as being as personal as a toothbrush.
The Controls
Over the years, the basic controls on motorcycles have been standardized.
Put the bike on the centerstand and sit on it. Become familiar with the controls and how to use them. Work the levers
and pedals. If something isn’t within easy reach of fingers or toes, maybe it can be adjusted to suit you. Check your
owner’s manual.
Practice with the turn signals. Find the horn button, so you won’t have to look for it when somebody starts backing out
in front of you. Figure out how the dimmer switch works before it gets dark.
Do become familiar with the RESERVE fuel valve if there is one on your machine. When you are running along the
highway and your engine burbles, indicating it is running out of fuel, you want to be able to turn that reserve on
without a second’s thought. It is not fun or safe to be fumbling around when you are in gear and moving.
Shifting Gears
Starting off and changing gears requires coordination of the clutch and throttle and gearshift lever. If you don’t do
things right, the amount of control you have over the bike is lessened.
To start off, pull in the clutch, shift into first gear, roll on the throttle a little, and ease out the clutch. You will become
familiar with the friction zone (that’s where the clutch begins to take hold and move the bike), and you add a bit more
throttle. You don’t want to stall the engine, nor do you want to over-rev it. There’s a sweet spot in there; find it. Shift
while traveling in a straight line. Shifting in a curve is not good practice, and something to be avoided.
Become familiar with the sound of your engine, so you can tell when you should shift without looking at your
instruments.
When you downshift to a lower gear, you should (in one swift, smooth movement) be able to squeeze the clutch, rev
the engine a little to let it catch the lower gear smoothly, and shift down.
When you come to a stop in traffic, leave the bike in first gear with the clutch disengaged (just in case you want to
accelerate out of there in a hurry). Who knows what may be coming up behind you.
Braking
Don’t ever forget: The front brake on your motorcycle can supply as much as 70 percent or more of your stopping
power. The single most important thing you can learn about braking is to use that front brake every single time you
want to slow down.
Always apply both the front and the rear brakes at the same time. If necessary, apply them hard, but not so hard that
you lock up either wheel. A locked wheel, as well as causing the bike to skid, results in downright inefficient braking.

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© 2003 Vengeance Performance Products, LLC All Rights Reserved • VOM 1st Edition Rev 2.3 06/03
The time to take your left foot off the peg and put it on the ground is just as the bike comes to a complete stop.
When you have the opportunity, practice your braking. You can always get better at it.
Turning
When you are riding along the road, you lean a motorcycle into a turn. Learning to lean is an essential part of riding a
motorcycle. It is a normal function of the bike when you are changing its path of travel – and quite different from
turning the steering wheel of your car.
To get the motorcycle to lean in a normal turn, press the handlebar in the direction of the turn and maintain slight
pressure on that handlebar to take you smoothly through that particular turn. In other words: press right to go right;
press left to go left. Your instincts to keep the motorcycle on a smooth path while keeping it from falling over usually
take care of this without you even noticing it. (Demonstrate to yourself how a motorcycle moves by pressing a
handlebar slightly while traveling in a straight line. The motorcycle will move in the direction of the handlebar you
pushed.)
•Slow down before you enter the turn; look as far ahead as possible through the turn.
•Keep your feet on the pegs, and grip the gas tank with your knees.
•Lean with the motorcycle; don’t try to sit perpendicular to the road while the motorcycle is leaning over.
•Keep an even throttle through the turn, or even accelerate a little bit.
Checking the Bike before the Ride
Who knows when Murphy’s Law may strike or what nail your tire might have picked up just before you pulled in the
other evening. It’s not fun to have things go wrong on a motorcycle, but if you spend a minute before you go off on a
ride, you can increase the chances that nothing will.
Any information you’ll need, such as correct tire pressures or chain adjustment, you’ll find in your owner’s manual. As
soon as you finish this booklet, read the manual thoroughly. You will be much more acquainted with all the specifics of
your motorcycle, since it might be slightly different from some other make or model.
1. Check the tires. They are the most important parts of your bike. If your engine quits, you roll to a stop. If a tire
quits – trouble! Make the effort to check the surface of the tires, looking for cuts in the rubber or foreign
objects – like a nail. Check the tire pressures with a good gauge. If a tire is low every time you check it, even
though you have added the proper amount of air each time, you have a slow leak. Fix it before it becomes a
fast leak.
2. Check the controls. Cables are quite strong and rarely break, but look for kinking or stiffness or anything
unusual in their operation.
3. Check your lights, including brake light, headlights, and turn signals to make sure everything works. Also
check your horn and adjust the mirrors.
4. Check the oil and fuel and, if the bike is liquid-cooled, the coolant levels.
5. If your motorcycle has chain-drive to the rear wheel, make sure that the chain is properly tensioned and in
good shape. Chains do need an occasional cleaning and dose of lubrication.
6. Make sure the sidestand and centerstand fold up properly, and stay up. If one of the retraction springs is
weak or broken or missing, replace it.
7. As you roll off, check your brakes. Just to make sure they haven’t gone away.

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© 2003 Vengeance Performance Products, LLC All Rights Reserved • VOM 1st Edition Rev 2.3 06/03
Maintenance
There’s not much to maintain on a day-to-day basis on most modern motorcycles, but do what you can do, including
your pre-ride checks.
Your bike has a regular service schedule listed in the owner’s manual. Unless you are an accomplished mechanic, we
recommend that these services are done by an authorized dealer.
Keeping your bike clean is a good idea. It’s astounding how dirt can cover up something that is about to go wrong.
Check your battery every month. Make sure the fluid level is where it should be. If it is low, top it up with distilled
water.
Always take your tool kit along when you go for a ride. You never can tell when it will come in handy. Use the tools to
go over the bike occasionally and make sure no screws or bolts are loose.
You should always have your owner’s manual with the bike. It tells you where the fuse box is, in the unlikely chance a
fuse blows. It tells you how to get a wheel off, should you have the misfortune of a flat tire.
Flat tires are pretty rare occurrences on motorcycles, but they can happen. In this case, you can either get on the
phone to the dealer, or fix it yourself. If you want to know how to do it, we recommend you practice at home, rather
than have your first shot at fixing a flat alongside a deserted road in the middle of the night.
Troubleshooting
Little things may happen to the bike that are cause for concern. Don’t panic until you check out the obvious.
#1 If the engine doesn’t start:
¾Is the key on?
¾Is there gas?
¾Is the battery too weak?
¾Or a battery lead loose?
¾Have spark plug wires fallen off?
¾Is the ignition cut-off switch in the OFF position?
¾Do you have the choke in the appropriate position?
#2 If the engine stops when you don’t want it to:
¾Did you accidentally hit the cut-off switch?
¾Did you run out of gas?
¾Did a fuse burn out?
#3 If the bike begins to feel funny as you go down the road, especially in a curve, stop as soon as it is safe to
pull over and check your tires. You may have a flat.
¾Check your suspension. You may have it adjusted incorrectly.
¾Your owner’s manual is the best reference for proper settings and adjustments.
#4 If you detect any problems with the motorcycle – doesn’t feel right, doesn’t handle right, doesn’t sound
right – that you can’t figure out yourself, take it to your dealer.
¾Think about the problem a little so you can describe it to the service manager.
¾Remember, an ounce of prevention is worth about a ton of cure. Pushing a motorcycle can get old very fast.

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HIGHWAY, BYWAY, STREET AND ALLEY
This is what it all comes down to: you and the road. There are millions and millions of miles of roads in this country,
from one-lane dirt to 12-lane highway.
When you ride, the surface conditions, traffic, and weather can be changing. You have to be constantly aware of a lot
of things. Daydreaming when you’re riding a motorcycle isn’t a good idea. Things happen fast out there on the road,
and you have to be prepared for them.
The SEE System
Here is a good reminder for riding safely in traffic:
SSearch around you for potential hazards.
EEvaluate any possible hazards, such as turning cars, railroad tracts, etc.
EExecute the proper action to avoid the hazard.
This SEE is a mental system for safe motorcycling. Use it effectively and you’ll cover many safer, happy miles on your
motorcycle
Increasing Your Visibility to Others
What’s the most usual explanation from the automobile driver who just turned in front of a motorcyclist? “Gee, officer, I
didn’t see him.”
It’s a sad truth. We’re not as big as a Mack truck, but we are visible. However, too often motorists don’t see us
because they aren’t looking for motorcycles.
You have to attract their attention.
All motorcycle headlamps in recent years are hard-wired, which means that the headlight goes on whenever the
engine goes on. If you have an earlier model, turn that headlight on every time you go out. It helps - even on a bright,
sunny day!
We’ve said it before, we’ll say it again: wear bright clothing and utilize retroreflective material (it shines when a beam
of light hits it) whenever appropriate. The biggest thing that a following driver usually sees is your back. Make it stand
out.
Always signal your intentions. Change lanes or make a turn using your turn signals. You want to be sure that the
people around you know what you are about to do.
And it helps to assist your turn signals with hand signals at times. Remember to cancel your signals when you’ve
completed your maneuver, otherwise drivers are getting false information from you...and you could cause yourself
trouble.
Don’t be shy about using your horn in some situations. If drivers are dozing, or about to pull an unthinking maneuver,
give them a BEEP. You want to make them aware of what they are doing. And of your presence.
Position your motorcycle where it can be seen. Don’t put yourself behind a large truck or ride in the blind spot of a
vehicle near you. Get out there, take up a whole lane, make yourself seen.
Helping You to See Others
The other half of the visibility battle is being alert and seeing everything around you. Use your eyes effectively. Keep
them moving. Don’t get fascinated by that ’39 Alfa Romeo Freccia d’Oro off to your right. Or go rubber-necking at an
accident scene. If your eyes are locked on one thing, you may be ignoring some situation that could affect your ride.
Look ahead. Look to the side. Look in your mirrors. Look over your shoulders. Keep looking! Anticipate the oncoming,
left-turning driver, the reckless fool coming up behind you, the car poking its nose out of the driveway, the guy beside

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and a little behind you who’s moving across the lane divider. Never let your eyes fix on an object for more than two
seconds. Keep looking around. It’s one thing to see, another to have the time to react. No tailgating.
When you’re riding in town, at speeds under 40 mph, always keep a two-second gap between you and the car in front.
For example, when he goes by a phone pole, count “one-thousand-one, one-thousand-two” and then you should pass
that pole.
Out on the open road, with higher speeds, you should adjust your gap to three or four seconds or more, depending on
your speed. Use the same reference-point technique to determine how many seconds behind you are.
Intersections
It probably surprises no one to know that the majority of accidents involving collisions between a motorcycle and a car
happen at intersections - the most frequent situation being that of a vehicle turning left in front of a motorcycle.
•Any intersection is potentially hazardous, whether it has stoplights, or stop signs, or is unmarked.
•Always check for traffic coming from the side, left and/or right.
•Check for traffic behind you to make sure no one is about to run up your tailpipe.
Passing Other Vehicles
The technique for passing another vehicle is the same whether you are riding a motorcycle or driving a car.
First, before passing you should be two (or more) seconds behind the vehicle you want to pass and have positioned
yourself in the left-hand side of your lane.
From this position, you have to check oncoming traffic and the road to make sure you have enough distance to pass
safely. Don’t even think about overtaking if a corner is coming up.
If you have room ahead to make the pass, look in your mirrors, turn the signal on, and always look over your shoulder.
That head check is essential; somebody in a hot rod might have just pulled into your blind spot, intent on overtaking
you. Always remember the head check.
Everything clear? Move into the left lane and pass the car/truck/buggy/ whatever. Do not crowd close to the vehicle
you are passing; you should be more or less in the center of the lane you are passing in. Get by this vehicle as quickly
as possible, without exceeding the speed limit. If it is a slow-moving truck in front, you might want to shift down a gear
so you can accelerate more rapidly as you go around it.
Before returning to your original lane, signal your intention and do a head check to make sure that there is enough
room between you and the vehicle you just passed. Ever have someone speed up just after you’ve overtaken them?
Hmmmmm!
Return to your lane, cancel your signal, and proceed merrily along ... with care.
Night Riding
Quite often you’ll have to ride at night. After all, it is dark 50 percent of the time.
Dusk is really the worst time, when people’s eyes are adjusting from daylight to headlights. Be especially careful just
after sunset.
Usually it is advisable to slow down a little when riding at night, especially on any sort of winding road.
Use your own headlight and those of other traffic to keep an eye on the road surface. It is more difficult at night to see
the patch of sand or something that fell out of a pickup.

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The distance between you and the vehicle in front becomes even more important at night. Give yourself room to react.
Wear a clear face shield without scratches. A scratched shield can create light refraction that might confuse you; two
headlights can look like four, and you don’t know who is coming from where. One of your biggest hazards at night
may be a “who” coming from a few hours of drinking. Be especially alert for drivers and vehicles doing odd things, like
weaving in and out of traffic, and give them lots of room.
HANDLING SPECIAL SITUATIONS
In the best of all worlds the temperature would always be 78 degrees, the wind would be at our backs, and no
emergencies would arise. Since it is a slightly imperfect world we live in, we should be prepared for whatever
happens.
Emergency Braking
Sometimes you have to stop as quickly as possible. Here are some tips on how to get you and your motorcycle halted
pronto:
Apply both brakes to their maximum, just short of locking them up. Practice in an open, good-surfaced place, such as
a clean parking lot.
Keep the motorcycle upright and traveling in a straight line; and look where you’re going, not where you’ve just been.
You don’t want to lock the front brake. If the wheel does chirp, release the brake for a split second, then immediately
reapply without locking it up.
If your rear wheel locks up, do not release the brake. If your handlebars are straight, you will skid in a straight line,
which is all right. You have a more important priority and that is to get stopped! Read on and we will talk more about
“skids.”
Braking While Leaned Into a Curve
You should try to avoid this, but sometimes it might be necessary.
You can brake (with both brakes) while leaned over, but you must do it gradually and with less force than if the bike is
standing up straight.
For maximum braking efficiency in an emergency (when traffic and roadway conditions permit), stand the bike up
straight; brake hard.
Coping With a Skid
A skid – that’s when your heart leaps up to your throat because your wheels have lost traction! You might hit a patch
of sand on a mountain curve, or a puddle of oil as you’re slowing for a stoplight. It’s a frightening experience on a
motorcycle, but you can handle it.
In a highway-speed, sand-in-the-corner skid, steer slightly in the direction of the skid. (If you’re leaned to the left and
skidding to the right, turn those handlebars a bit toward the right.) Chances are you will clear the patch of sand, the
tires will grip the pavement again, the bike will stand up, and you’ll continue on your way.
Should you hit a slippery spot while you’re braking for a stop sign, and one or both wheels lock up, you want to get
those wheels rolling right away. Release the brakes for an instant, and then reapply a little more gently. You want
those tires to have traction. At higher speeds, when traction is good and the rear wheel skids when braking hard, do
not release the rear brake.
If your back end is skidding sideways because the tire is on a slick spot and simply spinning, ease off on the throttle.
A spinning wheel provides no more control than a locked wheel.

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You might be in one of those two-mile-per-hour parking lot scenarios, a mild, low-speed skid when your front wheel
starts to go out from under you. A foot on the ground may keep the bike upright and the rubber side down. This is not
an easy thing to do, and should only be done if all else fails.
Riding Across Poor Road Surfaces
Here are a few simple rules you should follow when you anticipate coping with sand, mud, water or any loose surface
or obstruction in the road:
Downshift and slow before you reach the problem area.
If there is traffic in the area, make sure that the drivers are aware you are slowing.
Try to cross the bad surface in a straight line, or at least do not change direction or speed abruptly.
Stay ready to maintain the balance of the motorcycle.
If you are moving along and have to go over an obstruction that is lying across the road, like a 2-inch x 4-inch piece of
wood, rise up on the footpegs and shift your weight toward the back of the saddle as your front wheel comes up to the
obstacle. This will make it easier for the front wheel to bounce up and over. Then move your weight forward to help
your rear wheel get over.
Do not accelerate until your bike is completely over the obstacle.
Steel Bridge Gratings and Rain Grooves
Steel-mesh bridges can be extremely unnerving. Keep an even throttle and keep the bike straight. Don’t grip the
handlebars too hard. If there is a vibration in the handlebars, do not fight it. This is a natural feedback from your tires
going over these thousands of little squares.
Some parts of the country have rain grooves in the highways. They’re not very popular among motorcyclists. This is
when the road surface, usually concrete, has several dozen grooves running lengthwise down each lane. The
purpose of the grooves is to prevent cars and trucks from losing traction when it rains.
The reaction of the bike to these grooves often has to do with the tread pattern on the tires. Sometimes it feels as
though the motorcycle is getting a flat tire, with a squishy back-and-forth sideways motion. Don’t worry, just keep
going straight. Don’t fight the handlebars. There is nothing dangerous about these rain grooves - it just feels funny to
ride on them.
Rain
Haul out the rain gear you’ve stowed in a handy spot. Make sure your rain gloves and rain boots fit properly. Poorly
fitted ones can lessen your ability to brake and shift.
Be most cautious when it first starts to rain. That is when the water goes into all the dimples in the road, and the oil
residue from passing vehicles floats to the top. That gets slippery! A wise motorcyclist will stop for a cup of coffee
when it starts to rain; who knows, it could all be over in 15 minutes, and you won’t even have to put on the rain suit.
After a while the oil will be washed off to the side of the road. However, traction on a wet surface may not be as good
as on a dry road. Be careful.
Wind
Strong winds can create problems for a motorcyclist. A constant 25-mph wind from the side can make for less-than-
happy riding. Gusty wind is the worst. You might have to lean a bit into the wind to maintain your position. Keep the
motorcycle on the side of the lane that the wind is coming from. This is in case a big blast moves you over a bit.
Expect it and be ready to react.

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Animals
The biggest problem is with domestic animals: i.e., dogs. Most seem to have an urge to chase motorcycles. Those
that don’t chase often are known to blunder into the path of moving vehicles. Don’t let one distract you and cause a
spill.
Here are three rules:
1. Slow down well before you reach the animal.
2. Do not – repeat – do not kick at the animal.
3. If the animal looks like he’s going to intercept you, speed up just as you are about to reach him. It will throw
his timing off.
If a deer jumps out in front of you on a country road, but is far enough ahead not to be worried about – watch out for
its mate. They tend to travel in pairs. Hitting a deer with a motorcycle is a tough way to put venison on the table.
EQUIPMENT FAILURES
If your motorcycle is properly maintained, you greatly reduce the possibility of any equipment failure. However, just in
case...
Blowouts
If you run tires of good quality, keep them at the proper pressure, and change them when the tread is worn, the
chances of having a blowout are small.
However, should it happen to either of your tires, you must act quickly and properly.
1. Do not use the brakes; braking hard will only make things worse. If you must use some brake, apply gradual
pressure to the brake on the good tire and ease over to a safe spot to stop.
2. Ease off on the throttle and slow down gradually; rapid deceleration could throw the bike out of control.
3. Hold those handlebars firmly; a great shuddering may take place as the out-of-round tire flops against the
pavement, but you are concerned only with keeping that front wheel pointed ahead until you stop.
Stuck Throttle
Most riders have had bad dreams about this, but few have experienced the problem.
That is why all contemporary motorcycles have a cut-off switch by the right thumb. Just in case. Practice flipping the
cut-off switch. Chances are you will never have a throttle stick, but if you do, you’ll know how to deal with it.
As you hit the cut-off switch, pull in the clutch (you will probably be in gear); then look for a safe place to coast to a
stop.
Broken Clutch Cable
Imagine you are cruising along in fifth gear; you want to shift down; you pull in the clutch lever – and there is no return
action. It just lies up against the handgrip.
No fun, but not dangerous. You can shift the bike without a clutch. This is not advisable unless necessary, but it can
be done. Back off on the throttle and shift down a gear.
If you have a sensitive foot, you can probably find neutral before coming to a complete stop. If not, get set for a jerky
halt.

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GROUP RIDING & PASSENGERS
As we said earlier, motorcycling is a sociable sport, so chances are very good you’ll soon be riding with friends on
their motorcycles, and have others who want to be passengers.
As with any sport, it’s nice if the participants all have a general idea of what to do.
Riding in a Group
It is useful if, before taking off on a group ride, you get two or three hand signals organized amongst the participants:
“let’s stop; need gas; I’m hungry.”
A few rules for the group:
Riding in a group of more than four motorcycles can become confusing both for the group and other traffic around
you. If there are too many people, break it up into smaller groups.
Ride in a staggered formation, with first bike on the left side of the lane, second on the right side, etc., but not side by
side.
Always keep at least a two-second following distance from the motorcycle directly in front of you.
At a stoplight or stop sign, wait in pairs.
Pass other vehicles individually, when safe – not in pairs or groups.
Carrying a Passenger
Company is always nice. Some company weighs 100 pounds, other company weighs 200 pounds.
Putting extra weight on the motorcycle will affect its handling. Adjust your suspension and tire pressures to
compensate for the amount of company you’ve brought along. (Check your owner’s manual.)
Also realize that your braking capabilities have changed; take that into account. The more weight you have on the
motorcycle, the longer it takes to stop.
Passengers should be instructed to always mount from the same side, and to warn you before they climb on. This
goes a long way to preventing a muddled heap lying on the ground.
Passengers need the same protection that you do – proper clothes and helmet. Ten-foot scarves flapping in the wind
may look dashing, but not on a motorcycle. You don’t want shoe laces or loose pants legs catching on rear wheel or
chain parts.
Never carry anyone sidesaddle. Passengers should always straddle the bike with their feet securely planted on the
footrests. Tell passengers not to put a foot down when you come to a stop.
Show them where the hot things are – like header pipes and mufflers. Caution passengers against coming in contact
with the hot parts to prevent any injuries. Also, rubber soles can melt and leave a mess.
Instruct passengers to hold onto you at your waist or hips. Ask them to lean forward slightly when you leave from a
stop or accelerate along the highway.
Also, when you brake, passengers should be firmly braced against your waist and should lean back slightly. You don’t
want their weight to shift forward.
Advise passengers not to lean unless you do. You do not want the person behind hanging off the bike at 30 degrees;
that will do funny things to the steering. However, when you lean going around a corner, passengers should definitely

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lean as well. So have them look over your shoulder in the direction of the turn when you go through a corner; that will
put the weight where you want it.
LOADING THE MOTORCYCLE
Whether it is a carton of milk from the convenience store, or camping gear for a three-week trip, you will end up
carrying more than people on your motorcycle.
All loads should be tied to the machine. Do not balance a bag of groceries between your legs for a short ride home.
Strap it to the back seat with bungee cords or an elasticized cargo net.
A great carrying device is the tank bag. It puts the weight where it should be – near the bike’s center of gravity. Make
sure it is properly secured and remember never to carry anything on the gas tank or inside the fairing that might
interfere with the steering of the bike. Just imagine what happens if the bars won’t turn far enough – big trouble.
There are appropriate places to carry loads on a motorcycle, but they do not include your front forks or fenders. If your
machine comes with saddlebags or a travel trunk, you’re set. If you have none of this, you can always buy a luggage
rack or throw-over bags; they are very useful items.
When you load saddlebags, keep equal weight on both sides. This is even more important when you are using soft
throw-over bags, as an imbalance can cause one side to drop down and rest on the muffler. A blazing saddlebag is no
joke.
Keep the weight relatively light in your travel trunk or on your luggage rack. Being aft of the rear axle, this is the worst
place on the motorcycle to carry much weight. It can turn a well-handling motorcycle into a poor-handling terror.
Sleeping bags go great back there; a 50-pound sack of dog food does not.
Check the security of the load frequently, and make sure nothing is dangling. It is one thing to lose part of your
luggage, quite another to get it tangled up in a wheel.
Above all, DO NOT EXCEED THE GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating) of your motorcycle! You might find that
figure on the plate attached to the steering head; sometimes it is found on the frame; but the best place to look is in
the owner’s manual. It is written in pounds, and it includes the weight of the motorcycle, all gasoline, oil and coolant,
the rider(s), and the luggage.
DRUGS, DRINKING, AND DRIVING
In a word: Don’t. We kid you not. Mixing alcohol and drugs and motorcycles is like putting nitro with glycerin: there’s a
dangerous reaction.
Alcohol is a depressant. The first thing to go is your judgment – and good judgment is essential. Bad judgment gets
you into trouble. Drinking riders tend to run off the road more often, have a high percentage of rider error, and use
excessive speed for conditions around them. Those are the statistics – and that spells trouble.
It takes a long time for the effects of alcohol to be cleared from your body, roughly one hour for each bottle of beer,
glass of wine, or shot of liquor. Nothing but time will shed that alcohol - not showers, coffee, or other so-called
remedies. Have a couple of beers if you wish, but have them at home. Then you don’t have to go anywhere afterward.
If you are going to drink, don’t even think about riding.
Alcohol is not the only drug that affects your ability to ride safely. Whether it is an over-the-counter, prescription, or
illegal drug, it may have side-effects that increase the risks of riding. Even common cold medicines could make you
drowsy – too drowsy to ride – and mixing alcohol and drugs is even more dangerous than using either alone.
CONCLUSION
There is no conclusion. Motorcycling is a constant learning experience. You’ll never know all there is to know about
riding. But a year from now, you’ll know a lot more than you know now – and 10 years from now; 50 years from now.
Go forth, have a good time, don’t do anything foolish, and we’ll see you on the road. It’s going to be a great ride!

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Motorcycle Skill Test Practice Guide
Introduction
This chapter describes several exercises that you can practice by yourself or with a friend. The exercises will help you
develop the skills you need to pass the motorcycle skill test and receive your license. *The proper execution of these
exercises will also help prepare you for various traffic situations. Do not attempt these exercises unless you can
already perform basic skills such as using the clutch and throttle correctly, shifting, and riding in a straight line. If you
do not have these basic skills, be sure to seek instruction before practicing the skills in this guide. Of course, the best
place to learn to ride is in a quality rider education program.
*Contact your local licensing agency for exact layout of the skill test in your area.
Read the entire chapter before you practice.
Take the chapter with you for reference when you practice.
Keep practicing until you can do each exercise without a problem. Do not practice for more than one or two hours at a
time. When you get tired, you cannot practice effectively.
The instruction is available nationwide. If you call the national toll-free number, [phone], you will get the phone
number of a training site near you.
Choosing a Practice Area
A well-marked parking lot is the best practice area. Be aware however, of oil left by parked cars. Look for parking lots
that are not used all the time at shopping centers, schools, churches or community centers. For instance, you might
use a school lot in the evening hours, or a shopping center early in the morning.
Once you’ve selected a suitable location, it’s important to gain permission from the owner.
Keep this basic parking lot diagram in mind when setting up the exercises.
If the parking lot you choose doesn’t have lines, use the dimensions diagrammed here. Mark them using a tape
measure and chalk.
Traffic is your greatest concern. Make sure you check to the front, sides and rear before doing an exercise. Also,
make sure you watch out for children and animals and be considerate of others in the area.
Safety Precautions
The practice exercises are not dangerous. However, a few safety precautions should be followed:
Wear proper protective clothing that includes: helmet, eye protection, gloves, boots or shoes that cover the ankles,
long pants, and long-sleeved shirt or jacket.
Inspect the motorcycle for defects before you start. If you are not familiar with the inspection procedures for your
motorcycle, check the owner’s manual.
Check the practice area for loose gravel, glass, oil left by parked cars, or other things that could be a problem.
If possible, take a friend along to:
A. Watch out for traffic.
B. Help you if anything goes wrong.