Widelink ezWave WAP-1100 Series User manual

ezWAVE Access Point Users’ Guide Version 1.6
Copyright© Widelink 2000 DOC – 2001.02.01
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WAP-1100 Series
Wireless LAN Access Point
Users’ Guide
Corporate Headquarters
Widelink Co. Ltd.
664-25 Dongshin Bldg. 2F
Shinsa-Dong, Kangnam-gu
Seoul 135-120, Korea
http://www.widelink.co.kr
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

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Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction To The Wireless LAN …………………... 5
1.1 What is Wireless LAN? ………………………………………5
1.2 Wireless LAN Standard and Structure……………………………6
Chapter 2 Setup ezWAVE Access Point ………………………. 12
2.1 Before You Begin Installation ……………………………… …. 12
2.2 Installing The Widelink ezWAVE WAP-1100 Series Access Point
……………………………………..14
Adjust the antennas ………………………………………… 14
Ethernet Cable Connection ………………………………… 15
Connect The Power Pack ………………………………….. 16
Connect Serial Cable ……………………………………….. 17
Open Terminal Program ……………………………………. 18
Configuration Change ………………………………………. 21
2.3 Verifying the Operation of the ezWAVE Access Point ………. 28
Chapter 3 Access Point Management……………………….…….30
3.1 Starting Configuration Tool………………………………………..31
Access Point Connection.……………………………………32
Access Point Configuration Window..………………………33
Terminal Window for Diagnosis …………………………….37
Firmware Upgrade Window ………………..……………….38
Firmware Upgrade Via Internet …………………………….39
Firmware Upgrade Via Local Disk…………………………..41
Access Point Detail Control………………………………….42
3.2 Setting Bridge Mode …………………………………………….. 43
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting …………………………………………..45

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Appendix
Appendix A Cell Planning (Radio Range) ……..………………………………46
Appendix B Technical Specification ……………………………………………48
Appendix C Channel Allocation ……………………………..………………… .50

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THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE SUBJECT TO
CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. ALL STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS IN THIS MANUAL
ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED. USERS MUST TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THEIR APPLICATION OF ANY PRODUCTS.
THE SOFTWARE LICENSE AND LIMITED WARRANTY FOR THE ACCOMPANYING PRODUCT ARE SET FORTH IN
THE INFORMATION PACKET THAT SHIPPED WITH THE PRODUCT AND ARE INCORPORATED HEREIN BY THIS
REFERENCE. IF YOU ARE UNABLE TO LOCATE THE SOFTWARE LICENSE OR LIMITED WARRANTY, CONTACT
YOUR WIDELINK REPRESENTATIVE FOR A COPY.
NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER WARRANTY HEREIN, ALL DOCUMENT FILES AND SOFTWARE OF THESE
SUPPLIERS ARE PROVIDED “AS IS” WITH ALL FAULTS. WIDELINK AND THE SUPPLIERS DISCLAIM ALL
WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING,
USAGE, OR TRADE PRACTICE.
IN NO EVENT SHALL WIDELINK OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL,
CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOST PROFITS OR LOSS
DAMAGE TO DATA ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS MANUAL, EVEN IF WIDELINK OR ITS
SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
SAFETY INFORMATION
WARNING
* Opening the unit, for whatever reason, could lead to damages that are not covered by the guarantee.
* To prevent fire or shock hazard, do not expose your ezWAVE wireless LAN PC cards to rain or moisture.
NOTES:
* The Widelink supplied software may show screens slightly different from those included in this manual.
* This manual is written based on the assumption that you are familiar with basic operations of Windows operating
system.
Microsoft Windows, Windows95, Windows98, Windows ME, Windows 2000 and Windows NT are registered trademarks
of Microsoft Corporation.
ezWave, Widellink’s logo, is registered trademark of Widelink Co., Ltd. or its affiliates in Korea, US and certain other
countries. All other trademarks mentioned in this documents are the property of their respective owners. The use of word
partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Widelink and any of its resellers.
Using the Widelink’s ezWAVE card
Copyright
ⓒ 2000. Widelink Co., Ltd.
All rights reserved.

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Chapter 1 Introduction To The Wireless LAN
A wireless LAN (WLAN) is a flexible data communication system implemented as an
extension to, or as an alternative for, a wired LAN within a building or campus. Using
electromagnetic waves, WLANs transmit and receive data over the air, minimizing the
need for wired connections. Thus, WLANs combine data connectivity with user mobility,
and, through simplified configuration, enable movable LANs. WLANs have gained strong
popularity in a number of vertical markets, including the health-care, retail,
manufacturing, warehousing, and academic arenas. These industries have profited from
the productivity gains of using hand-held terminals and notebook computers to transmit
real-time information to centralized hosts for processing. Today WLANs are becoming
more widely recognized as a general-purpose connectivity alternative for a broad range
of business customers.
1.1 What’s Wireless LAN?
Wireless LANs use electromagnetic airwaves (radio and infrared) to communicate
information from one point to another without relying on any physical connection. Radio
waves are often referred to as radio carriers because they simply perform the function of
delivering energy to a remote receiver. The data being transmitted is superimposed on
the radio carrier so that it can be accurately extracted at the receiving end. This is
generally referred to as modulation of the carrier by the information being transmitted.
Once data is superimposed (modulated) onto the radio carrier, the radio signal occupies
more than a single frequency, since the frequency or bit rate of the modulating
information adds to the carrier.
Multiple radio carriers can exist in the same space at the same time without interfering
with each other if the radio waves are transmitted on different radio frequencies. To
extract data, a radio receiver tunes in (or selects) one radio frequency while rejecting all
other radio signals on different frequencies.
In a typical WLAN configuration, a transmitter/receiver (transceiver) device, called an
access point, connects to the wired network from a fixed location using standard
Ethernet cable. At a minimum, the access point receives, buffers, and transmits data
between the WLAN and the wired network infrastructure. A single access point can
support a small group of users and can function within a range of less than one hundred

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to several hundred feet. The access point (or the antenna attached to the access point)
is usually mounted high but may be mounted essentially anywhere that is practical as
long as the desired radio coverage is obtained.
End users access the WLAN through wireless LAN adapters, which are implemented as
PC cards in notebook computers, or use PCI adapters in desktop computers. WLAN
adapters provide an interface between the client network operating system (NOS) and
the airwaves (via an antenna). The nature of the wireless connection is transparent to
the NOS.
1.2 Wireless LAN Standard and Structure
{
{{
{Wireless LAN Standard – IEEE802.11b
The widespread acceptance of WLANs depends on industry standardization to ensure
product compatibility and reliability among the various manufacturers. The Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ratified the original 802.11 specifications in
1997 as the standard for wireless LANs. That version of 802.11 provides for 1 Mbps and
2 Mbps data rates and a set of fundamental signaling methods and other services. The
most critical issue affecting WLAN demand has been limited throughput. The data rates
supported by the original 802.11 standard are too slow to support most general business
requirements and have slowed adoption of WLANs. Recognizing the critical need to
support higher data-transmission rates, the IEEE recently ratified the 802.11b standard
(also known as 802.11 High Rate) for transmissions of up to 11 Mbps.
With 802.11b, WLANs will be able to achieve wireless performance and throughput
comparable to wired Ethernet. Outside of the standards bodies, wireless industry leaders
have united to form the Wire-less Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA).
WECA’s mission is to certify cross-vendor interoperability and compatibility of IEEE
802.11b wireless networking products and to promote that standard for the enterprise,
the small business, and the home. Members include WLAN semiconductor
manufacturers, WLAN providers, computer system vendors, and software makers.
{
{{
{Wireless LAN Network Equipment
802.11 defines two pieces of equipment, a wireless station, which is usually a PC
equipped with a wireless network interface card (NIC), and an access point (AP), which
acts as a bridge between the wireless and wired networks. An access point usually

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consists of a radio, a wired network interface (e.g., 802.3), and bridging software
conforming to the 802.1d Bridging standard. The access point acts as the base station
for the wireless network, aggregating access for multiple wireless stations onto the wired
network. Wireless end stations can be 802.11 PC Card and PCI.
{
{{
{Wireless LAN Network Configuration
The 802.11 standard define two modes: infrastructure mode and ad hoc mode (or
independent or peer-to-peer).
yAd Hoc Mode
Ad hoc mode (also called peer-to-peer mode or an Independent Basic
Service Set, or IBSS) is simply a set of 802.11 wireless stations that
communicate directly with one another without using an access point or any
connection to a wired network. This mode is useful for quickly and easily
setting up a wireless network anywhere that a wireless infrastructure does not
exist or is not required for services, such as a hotel room, convention center,
or airport, or where access to the wired network is barred (such as for
consultants at a client site).
Figure 1. Ad Hoc Mode
yInfrastructure Mode
In infrastructure mode, the wireless network consists of at least one access
Independent Basic
Service Set (IBSS)

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point connected to the wired network infrastructure and a set of wireless end
stations. This configuration is called a Basic Service Set (BSS). An Extended
Service Set (ESS) is a set of two or more BSSs forming a single sub-network.
Since most corporate WLANs require access to the wired LAN for services
(file servers, printers, Inter-net links) they will operate in infrastructure mode.
Figure 2. Infrastructure Mode
{
{{
{Roaming
Wireless communication is limited by how far signals carry for given power output.
WLANs use cells, called microcells, similar to the cellular telephone system to extend
the range of wireless connectivity. At any point in time, a mobile PC equipped with a
WLAN adapter is associated with a single access point and its microcell, or area of
coverage. Individual microcells overlap to allow continuous communication within wired
network. They handle low power signals and “hand off” users as they roam through a
given geographic area.
The 802.11 MAC layer is responsible for how a client associates with an access point.
Distribution System (DS)
Service Set (SS) – Multiple
Access Point (AP)
Ethernet (802.3)

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When an 802.11 client enters the range of one or more APs, it chooses an access point
to associate with (also called joining a Basic Service Set), based on signal strength and
observed packet error rates. Once accepted by the access point, the client tunes to the
radio channel to which the access point is set. Periodically it surveys all 802.11 channels
in order to assess whether a different access point would provide it with better
performance characteristics. If it determines that this is the case, it re-associates with the
new access point, tuning to the radio channel to which that access point is set. Re-
association usually occurs because the wireless station has physically moved away from
the original access point, causing the signal to weaken. In other cases, Re-association
occurs due to a change in radio characteristics in the building, or due simply to high
network traffic on the original access point. In the latter case this function is known as
“load balancing,” since its primary function is to distribute the total WLAN load most
efficiently across the available wireless infrastructure. This process of dynamically
associating and re-associating with APs allows network managers to set up WLANs with
very broad coverage by creating a series of overlapping 802.11b cells throughout a
building or across a campus. To be successful, the IT manager ideally will employ
“channel reuse,” taking care to set up each access point on an 802.11 DSSS channel
that does not overlap with a channel used by a neighboring access point.
Figure 3. Roaming
Backbone Network
Access Point (AP)
Inter-Cell Roaming

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{
{{
{BSS, ESS and SS ID
The basic service set (BSS) is the basic building block of WLAN network. Minimum
WLAN BSS may be consist of only two stations. Using access point (AP) and network
distribution systems (DS), WLAN service set can be extended arbitrary size – extended
service set (ESS). Each service set has its network ID (SSID). All the service sets within
an ESS network can have same service ID so that the ESS can support inter-cell
ROAMING.

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Figure 4. SSID and Roaming
Backbone Network
AP #`2 SS ID
= Widelink
ROAMING
AP #`1 SS ID
= Widelink
AP #`3 SS ID
=Wide
ESS
BSS
Backbone Network
Re-Configuration
Required

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Chapter 2 Setup ezWAVE Access Point
2.1 Before You Begin Installation
The ezWAVE WAP-1100 Series Access Point is a wireless LAN transceiver that can act
as the center point of a stand-alone wireless LAN network or as the connection point
between wireless and wired networks. In multiple installations, the roaming functionality
provided by multiple Access Points allows wireless users to move freely throughout the
facility while maintaining seamless, uninterrupted access to the network. The Access
Point supports Access Point management software. The system settings are contained
on the Access Point's firmware.
Before setting up your Access Point, ask your network system administrator for the
following information:
yYou need an IP (Internet Protocol) address for the Access Point. Each station or
device on your network must have a unique IP address.
yIf there are some Access Points already installed, you need to know their SSID and
channel allocation strategy.
yWEP key allocation.
Caution
You should configure the Access Point before mounting it on a pole or a ceiling. Some
configuration steps such as communicating with the Access Point should be done
through a serial cable may be difficult if the Access Point is inaccessible.
Before you begin installation, make sure that you have the following items:
yThe ezWAVE WAP-1100 Series Access Point
yThe Access Point power supply

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yThe ezWAVE WAP-1100 Series Installation CD
If any of these items are missing from the package, contact your Access Point supplier.
You will also need:
yA computer with serial port (com1, com2) or Ethernet port
yA 9-pin, straight-through, male-to-female serial cable

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2.2 Installing The Widelink ezWAVE WAP-1100 Series Access Point
Follow the instructions below to install the Access Point.
For maximum range, make sure the antennas on your Access Point straight up or
straight down, no matter where your Access Point is mounted.
If you keep your Access Point on a table or a desk, turn the antennas so they point
straight up. If you mount your Access Point on a wall or a pole, turn the antennas so they
are vertical, even though the Access Point is on its side. If you mount your Access Point
on the ceiling, turn the antennas so they point straight down.
Antenna configurations can be varied depending on the Access Point model, cell coverage or cell
plan.
STEP 1 Adjust the antennas

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Connect the Ethernet cable from your wired LAN to your Access Point.
Make sure the unit is not powered up when you connect your network cable.
STEP 2 Ethernet Cable Connection

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Plug the Power Pack into a wall outlet or a power strip, and plug the connector into the
power receptacle on the back of the Access Point.
All three indicators on top of the access point will be bright green.
During normal operation, indicators will be bright green. If indicators do not either display
a solid color or blink, see the “Top Panel Indicator Descriptions” in this manual.
Caution
If you have already installed Widelink ezWAVE WAP-1100 series client card, you can
easily configure Access Point through air connection between your computer and
Access Point. You may skip next step and go to Access Point Management section.
STEP 3 Connect The Power Pack

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Use a 9-pin, straight-through, male-to-female serial cable to connect the COM 1 or 2 port
on your computer to the RS-232 on the back of the access point. After you find the
assigned IP address, you can remove this cable. You might need the cable again if you
need to update the Access Point’s configuration in the future.
STEP 4 Connect Serial Cable

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Open the HyperTerminal program on the workstation attached to the Access Point.
These instructions describe HyperTerminal for example, but you can use any terminal-
emulation program to communicate with the Access Point. The following window
appears:
Type a name for the connection and click OK. The “Connect To” window appears:
STEP 5 Open Terminal Program

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Choose the port on your computer to which the serial cable is connected. Click OK.
The “port settings” window appears:

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Set Bits per second (baud rate) to 19200
1920019200
19200, Data bits to 8
88
8, Parity to None
NoneNone
None, Stop bits to 1
11
1,
and Flow control to None
NoneNone
None. Click OK
OKOK
OK.
The Setup screen appears in the HyperTerminal window. If the text does not appear
immediately, press Enter.
If it is successfully connected to Access Point, it will display “prompt” on the terminal
program’s display box:
Type disconfig and press Enter to see the current default settings of Access Point.
Make a note of the SSID, Channel number and IP address. Widelink’s Access Point has
a default IP; 100.100.100.100
The other options that are displayed can be ignored in this chapter and there will be
detailed explanation on next Access Point Management section