XOR S-100-12 User manual

5·100·12
COMPUTER ASSEMBLY
AND
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

FORWARO
This
manual
is
divided
into
three
chapters
for
your
convenience.
Chapter
Ona,
ASSEMBLY,
contains
the
initial
unpacking,
assembly,
and
tasting
instructions.
Chapter
Two,
GENERAL
OPERATING
PROCEDURES,
consists
of
technical
information
on
systems
hardware
end
software.
It
includes
power
up,
systems
utilities,
and
other
information
to
get
your
system
up
and
running
correctly.
Chapter
Three,
BOARD
OPERATING
MANUALS
contains
the
operating
instructions
for
each
of
the
three
computer
boards.
Chapter
Four,
CP/M,
contains
the
CP/M
reference
manuals
if
ordered
with
the
system.
1

**************TABLE OF CONTENTS**************
CHAPTER ONE - ASSEMBLY
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1. 5
1.6
1. 7
1.8
1.9
1.10
1.11
1.12
UNPACKING
INSPECTION
CABINET ASSEMBLY
POWER TRANSFORMER CONNECTIONS
DISK DRIVE OPTIONS
DISK DRIVE MOUNTING
INITIAL POWER ON
BOARD INSTALLATION
SERIAL TERMINAL CONNECTION
COMPUTER TERMINAL CHECKS
DISK OPERATION CHECKS
FINAL CLOSE OUT
DRIVE NOTES
CHAPTER TWO - GENERAL OPERATING PROCEDURES
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
SHOCK AND TILT SENSORS
HARD DISK SYSTEMS
POWER UP
MONITOR COMMANDS
DISK BOOT COMMANDS
BOOTING THE OPERATING SYSTEM
BACKING UP
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
SERVICE POLICY
DISK A - XOR DISK UTILITIES
DISK B - SYSTEM SOURCE DISK
MODIFYING AND GENERATING
CP/M OPERATING SYSTEMS
DSYSGEN OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
DSYSGEN STEP-BY-STEP
MP/M II SYSTEM GENERATION PROCEDURE
MEANING OF BITS IN CODE BYTE
SUB TYPE FILES FOR SYSTEM BUILDING
MEMORY MAP
APPENDICES
PRINTER
DRIVERS
CENTRONICS INTERFACE
DIABLO SERIAL
EPSON MX-80 SERIAL
EPSON MX-80 PARALLEL
ANADEX 9500 SERIAL
TEXAS INSTRUMENTS SERIAL
DRIVE OPTIONS QUME DT-8
2
PAGE
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
7
8
8
9
10
10
12
14
15
16
20
24
28
32
34
41
43
46
47
48
50
51
52
54
56

US
MICRO
SALES
CHAPTER
ONE
ASSEMBLY
1.0
UNPACKING
We
have
shipped
your
Sl00-12
in
2
separate
boxes
in
order
to
keep
within
United
Parcel
shipping
requirements.
Please
keep
all
boxes
and
packing
materials,
should
it
ever
be
necessary
to
return
your
computer
to
us.
Please
unpack
carefully
and
inspect
for
any
shipping
damage.
Report
any
visable
damage
to
your
local
shippers
claims
office.
Do
not
attempt
to
repair
any
equipment
before
calling
your
shipper
and
having
damage
inspected.
US
MICRO
SALES
is
not
responsible
for
shipping
damage
~
~
1.1
INSPECTION
Inspect
the
Sl
MOD
assembly
for
loose
screws,
connectors,
broken
wires
or
wire
strands
lodged
in
the
bus
connector
area.
Remove
if
necessary.
1.2
CABINET
ASSEMBLY
Remove
the
cabinet
top
and
set
aside.
Unpack
the
front
and
rear
panels
from
within
the
bottom
half
of
the
cabinet.
lay
the
front
and
rear
panels
on
the
bench
in
position,
be
careful
as
they
are
wired
together.
See
photo
"A".
Install
8
captive
nuts
on
each
side
of
the
front
and
rear
panels.
Using
the
f
10
J;hillips
screws
install
the
rear
panel
only,
lay
the
front
panel
to
the
right
side.
Install
install
the
positioned
to
the
Sl
MOD
assembly.
Use
the
6/32
hardware
4
rubber
feet.
Note
the
power
transformer
the
rear.
(Refer
to
photo
B.)
1.3
POWER
TRANSFORMER
WIRING
and
is
Refer
to
photos
"C"
&
"D"
for
the
correct
transformer
connections.
The
wiring
shown
is
for
117
volts.
Plug
in
the
reset
plug,
identified
with
a
red
dot,
and
the
reset
lamp
power,
identified
with
a
yellow
dot.
(Refer
to
photo
E.)

1.4
DISK
DRIVE
OPTIONS
If
you
are
installing
shugart
801
drives
received
from
US
MICRO
SALES,
they
have
been
pre-tested
and
jumpered
as
"A: and
"B". Each
drive
is
labeled.
If
you
wish
to
make
drive
JUmper
changes,
refer
to
drive
notes
section
1.12
for
jumper
options.
1.5
DRIVE
MOUNTING
Refer
to
photo"F",
place
the
drives
upside
down and mount
the
hat
using
the
8/32
hardware
and
washers
provided.
Note,
this
is
a
preliminary
fitting
as
the
final
position
on
the
hat
will
be
determined
by
drive
panel
tolerance
and
also
how
many
drives
you
m::iunt.
So
do
not
completely
tighten
the
screws
at
this
time.
Final
alignment
of
the
drives
can
be
accomplished
by
repositioning
them
because
the
bottom
mounting
holes
have
been
elongated.
Note,
because
of
hat
clearance,
it
is
best
to
install
the
1/2
closeout
plate
if
you
are
only
installing
one
drive.
Close
out
plates
are
available
at
no
charge
from
US
MICRO
SALES.
At
this
time
connect
the
AC
AND
DC
drive
power
cables.
Note
the
AC
drive
connections
are
piggy
backed
at
terminals
1
and
3
of
the
power
transformer.
The
green
ground
wire
connects
to
the
corner
of
the
Sl
MOD
under
the
cabinet
ground
wire.
Note
both
power
connectors
are
polarized.
1.6
INITIAL
POWER
Apply
power
by
connecting
AC
cord
to
back
of
the
computer
and
plugging
it
into
a
grounded
AC
power
outlet.
Use a
meter
to
check
for
proper
voltages
at
points
shown
in
photo
"E".
If
voltages
are
slightly
high,
but
of
correct
polarity,
it
may
be
ok
to
insert
computer
boards
as
the
circuit
loads
will
bring
them
into
line.
The
Sl
MOD
is
designed
to
run
the
S-100
+ 8
voltage
line
at
+
10
volts.
This
allows
a
better
power
line
surge
and
dropout
protection
margin.
1.7
BOARD
INSTALLATION
Visually
inspect
all
computer
boards
for
any
loose
parts,
or
foreign
matter
on
the
boards.
Remove
if
necessary.
Refer
to
Etioto "G"
for
the
correct
positioning
of
the
computer
boards.
We
recommend
the
Disk
controller
be
installed
in
position
1.
Install
the
CPU
and memory
boards,
be
sure
to
seat
firmly.
Install
the
CPU
serial
cable
at
the
board,
note
the
connector
is
keyed,
install
the
50P
data
cable
at
the
Disk
controller
and
lock
in
place.
Install
the
SOP
cable
at
the
disk
drive.
Note,
the
green
dot
denotes
pin
50.
refer
to
photo
"G".
Install
the
RS
232
adapters
at
the
cabinet
back,
if
you
are
making
any
special
jumper
changes
on
the
printer
card,
it
will
be
easier
to
make
these
changes
before
installation
to
the
cabinet.
Use
the
4/40
hardware
provided.
(Note
"B"
will
be
the
CP/M
serial
terminal
port
and "A"
is
the
CP/M
serial
lister
printer
port.)
,,-
4

1.8 SERIAL TERMINAL
At this time connect a serial terminal to port "B". Upon
power on a sign on message should appear on the terminal. If no
sign on message appears, power down and refer to step 1.9.
Manually reset the computer to verify the sign on message comes
on each time. At this time you may operate the computer in
monitor mode. Refer to the general operating manual for the
monitor commands.
1.9 COMPUTER TERMINAL CHECKS
Verify the connections of all cables, and the correct
positioning of all boards. Check your RS 232 serial terminal
cable. Pins 1 through 8 and 20 are connected in the standard
cable. Following instructions provided with your terminal, check
it in local or self test mode. Verify that the terminal baud
rate is set for 9600 baud. Make sure the terminal serial cable
is connected to the correct port on the terminal, as some
terminals have auxilliary or printer ports. If the terminal
checks ok in self test and the cable is ok, reinstall the boards,
and cables.
1.10 DISK OPERATION CHECK
If disk drives are installed, verify that the motors are
running. Insert the system diskette with the label to the left,
and close the drive door. Perform a "control c•. Note systems
with hard disk installed will boot with a "control F". They
should boot into CP/M with an A>. If you do not hear the head
load or see the drive access light come on, remove the diskette
and check the following:
1. Manually reset the computer
2. Proper system diskette installed correctly?
3. Diskette in drive "A" ?
4. Are the motors turning?
5. Is the drive ready light lit?
6. Is the SOP cable correctly installed?
7. Are both AC and DC cables correctly seated?
8. You may wish to re-configure the drives as
"B" to "A" to determine if one drive is at fault.
If you achieve a proper system boot up, refer to your
systems operation manual for proper back up procedures as well as
verification of drive "B" operation.
For the AC connections for 220 Volts, Refer to photo •c•.
5

1.11
FINAL
CLOSEOUT
If
you
are
satisfied
with
proper
operation
of
all
functions,
you
may
install
the
top
cabinet.
1.12
DRIVE
OPTIONS
SHUGART
801
T-1
thru
T-6
are
jumpered
for
termination.
T-2
is
a
spare
terminator
for
radial
head
load.
T-2
is
jumpered
on
both
drives
A and B.
T-1
is
the
terminator
for
drive
select
and
should
be
jumpered on
the
drive
at
the
end
of
the
50
pin
cable,
(drive
B).
T-3,
T-4,
T-5
and
T-6
are
termination
jumpers
for
multiplex
inputs
and
are
jumpered
on
the
drive
at
the
end
of
the
50
pin
cable
(drive
B).
If
only
one
drive
is
hooked
up,
T-1
thru
T-6
should
be
jumpered.
On
multiplex
inputs
only
T-2
should
be
jumpered.
On
multiplex
inputs
only
T-2
should
be
jumpered
and
the
last
drive
on
the
cable
(drive
B)
should
have
T-1
thru
T-6
jumpered
for
termination.
DSl
thru
DS4
are
for
"drive
Select".
drive
A
and
052
is
jumpered
for
drive
B. DSl
is
jumpered
for
HL
and
os
jumpers
are
for
"stepper
power from
head
load"
and
"stepper
power from
drive
select"
respectively.
All
drives
are
sent
jumpered
OS.
,,--
Y
and
z
are
jumpers
for
"in
use
from
head
load"
and
"in
use
from
drive
select"
respectively.
All
drives
are
sent
jumpered
Y.
D and
DC
are
jumpers
for
"alternate
"alternate
output
disk
change"
respectively.
with
all
drives.
input-in
use"
and
These
are
sent
open
A, B,
x,
are
jumpers
for
"radial
head
load"
A and B
are
sent
jumpered
on
all
drives.
X
is
sent
open
on
all
drives.
C
is
a
jumper
for
"alternate
input-head
load"
All
drives
are
sent
jumpered.
800 and 801
are
jumpers
for
"soft
sector"
and
"hard
sector".
all
drives
are
sent
jumpered
soft
sector.(800)
tVTE:
SEE
APPENDIX
FOR
DRIVE
NOTES
ON
THE
QUME
DT-8.

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CHAPTER
TWO
GENERAL
OPERATING
PROCEDURES
2.1
SHOCK
ANO
TILT
SENSORS
Your
computer
system
may
have
been
sent
to
you
with
shock
sensors
attached
to
the
outside
of
the
shipping
carton(s).
This
sensor
is
a
rectangular
orange
and
white
piece
of
paper
with
a
small
glass
tube
in
the
center.
The
glass
tube
is
designed
to
display
a
red
liquid
inside
when
the
shipping
carton
has
been
subjected
to
an
impact
which
approaches
the
shock
absorption
capabilities
of
US
MICRO
SALES
packaging
materials.
If
any
package
that
you
receive
has
shock
sensors
which
are
red,
write
the
following
on
the
bill
of
lading:
"Shock
sensor
broken
-
possible
shipping
damage".
This
statement
should
be
initialed
and
dated.
Some
XOR
computer
systems
can
become damaged
if
excessive
force
is
applied
to
them.
If
you
should
find
that
the
system
does
not
function
properly
and
the
sensor
has
been
broken,
it
is
the
responsibility
of
the
shipper
and
you
to
come
to
agreement
on
resolving
payment
for
the
damages.
A
claim
must
be
filed
with
the
shipping
firm
in
your
local
area
BEFORE
the
equipment
can
be
shipped
back
to
US
MICRO
SALES
(See
RMA
Procedure
in
a
later
section
entitled
"Service
Policy")
The
"Tip-N-Tell"
sensor
is
a
rectangular
red
tag
with
an
arrow-shaped
cutout
in
it.
The
arrow
is
positioned
on
the
shipping
carton
to
act
as
a
"This
End
Up"
indicator.
There
are
some
blue
crystals
which
fill
the
stem
end
of
the
arrow.
Should
the
shipping
carton
be
tilted
during
shipment
to
an
angle
greater
than
approximately
sixty
degrees,
the
blue
crystals
will
spill
out
and
remain
out,
turning
the
arrow-shaped
cutout
blue.
Again,
if
the
"Tip-N-Tell"
sensor
has
been
tripped
make
sure
to
note
the
fact
that
the
package
has
been
inverted
and
that
possible
shipping
damage
exists
on
the
bill
of
lading.
If
any
damage
is
apparent
from
the
outside
of
the
box
or
any
damage
is
found
to
exist
inside
of
the
box
after
opening,
be
sure
to
save
all
packing
material.
DO
NOT
TRY
TO
FIX
BROKEN
UNITS
WITHOUT
FIRST
NOTIFING
THE
FACTORY.
You
may
limit
your
damage
claims
by
modifing
or
trying
to
fix
equipment
that
has
been
broken.
7

2.2
HARD
DISK
SYSTEMS
All
of
the
Hard
Disk
Systems
now
produced
by
US
MICRO
have
some
form
of
locking
device
holding
the
heads
and/or
the
spindles
in
place
during
shipment.
Make
sure
to
find
the
manual
on
the
system
that
you
are
using
(it
will
be
included
in
the
documentation
package
shipped
with
the
system)
and
READ
IT
THOROUGHLY
BEFORE
ATTEMPTING
TO
TURN
ON
THE
POWER.
Turning
on
the
power
without
releasing
the
head
or
spindle
locks
could
result
in
irrepairable
damage
to
the
unit.
2.3
POWER
UP
The
computer
system
has
a
resident
monitor
PROM
on
the
CPU
board.
The
monitor
PROM
initializes
the
8251
serial
controller
chips
in
the
following
way: 9600
baud,
8
data
bits,
1
start
bit,
1
stop
bit,
and no
parity.
The
computer
is
set
up
to
look
like
a
MODEM
(
i.e.
pin
2 on
the
RS232
connector
is
transmit
data,
pin
3
is
receive
data,
and
pin
7
is
signal
ground).
Turn
the
key
to
the
"ON"
position,
turn
the
green
POWER
switch
ON
and
momentarily
push
the
RESET
button
down.
Wait
for
approximately
half
a
second.
The
computer
is
running
self-
diagnostics.
When
it
has
finished
checking
itself
and
its
system
memory,
it
will
sign
on
with
a
message
saying,
"XOR
SYSTEM
MONITOR
•••
" and
it
will
give
a number
in
hex
(usually
this
number
is
F800).
If
you
are
running
a
computer
with
64K
of
RAM
memory, and
the
number on
the
screen
is
anything
different
than
F800,
shut
off
the
computer
and
contact
an
authorized
XOR
service
person.
The
monitor
PROM
resides
in
the
very
top
2K
of
system
memory.
It
is
not
permanently
there
but
is
switched
out
when
the
disk
operating
system
is
loaded
in.
It
is
the
design
of
the
CPU
that
memory
underneath
the
PROM
can
be
written
to
even
while
the
PROM
is
in
place.
Further
information
about
the
functions
of
the
PROM
may
be
found
in
the
CPU
manual
or
the
manual
entitled
"Special
Hardware
and
Software
Conventions".
It
is
very
important
for
the
computer
to
come up
in
an
intermediate
state
before
attempting
to
bring
in
the
CP/M
q>erating
system.
In
this
way,
if
there
is
a
problem
with
the
computer
you
can
see
it
before
you
have
damaged
valuable
information
on
the
floppy
disk.
Certain
utility
programs
are
available
to
you
from
the
PROM
to
correct
a
problem
by
allowing
the
computer
fix
itself.
The
diagnostics
that
are
run
are
generally
enough
to
assure
you
that
the
computer
is
going
to
at
least
be
able
to
load
the
operating
system
from
the
floppy
disk
without
"crashing."
Once
the
operating
system
has
loaded,
the
more
sophisticated
debugging
tools
available
on
the
disk
can
be
used
to
locate
and/or
correct
any
further
problems.
8

2.4
MONITOR
COMMANDS
There
ere
looking
into
locations.
several
monitor
commends
that
ere
eveileble
for
the
computer
or
for
modifying
end
viewing
memory
OOUMP
-The
dump
commend
will
accept
4
hex
bytes,
Jump
the
next
field,
accept
4
more
hex
bytes
end
then
display
ell
of
the
memory
locations
between
those
two
addresses.
If
should
wish
to
enter
the
numbers
without
leading
zeros,
you
do
so
by
hitting
e
carriage
return.
For
example,
you
could
location
2
to
location
B
in
the
computer
by
typing
02
followed
by 8 <CR>.
to
the
you
mey
dump
<CR>
L
(LOAD)
-The
load
commend
will
accept
one
4
byte
address
end
then
display
the
contents
of
that
memory
location
on
the
screen.
The
prompt
character
will
allow
you
to
replace
whet
ie
in
that
location
of
memory
with
the
date
that
you
type
onto
the
screen.
If
you
merely
went
to
look
et
system
memory,
you
can
enter
e
carriage
return
or
e
series
of
carriage
returns.
The
memory
locations
will
not
be
modified,
but
only
displayed
on
the
screen
in
sequenciel
order.
F
!FILL)
-The
"FILL"
commend
accepts
e 4
byte
(starting)
address,
moves
to
the
next
field,
accepts
e
second
4
byte
lending)
address,
moves
to
the
next
field
end
accepts
e 2
byte
set
of
date.
At
this
point,
the
"FILL"
commend
will
eutometicelly
be
executed,
filling
ell
system
memory
between
the
starting
address
end
the
ending
address
with
the
date
character
sat.
M
(MOVE)
-The
"MOVE"
commend
operates
in
the
same
mennner
es
the
"FILL"
commend
with
the
exception
that
the
4
byte
addresses
ere,
respectively,
the
address
of
the
source
date
end
the
address
of
the
memory
location
to
which
the
source
date
is
to
be
moved.
The 2
bytes
which
ere
entered
next
indicate
the
size
(number
of
bytes
in
hex)
of
the
block
of
memory
to
be
moved.
V !VIEW) -The "VIEW" commend
upon
receiving
e 4
byte
starting
memory
Location
will
display
sixteen
Linea
of
ASCII
date
(640
bytes)
on
the
CRT
screen.
Typing
carriage
returns
following
the
initial
display
ceusee
the
next
sequential
640
byte
blocks
to
appear.
9

2.5
DISK
BOOT
COMMANDS
There
ere
three
disk
boot
commends
currently
being
utilized
in
systems
manufactured
by
US
MICRO
SALES
They
ere:
control
C
c·c1,
control
F
c·FJ,
end
control
A
c·AJ.
NOTE:
TO
EXECUTE
ANY
CONTROL
FUNCTION,
THE
CONTROL
KEY
MUST
BE
HELD
DOWN
WHILE
YOU
TYPE
THE
APPROPRIATE
CHARACTER
KEY.
Once
the
monitor
hes
signed
on
end
the
diagnostics
have
presented
en
"FBOO"
to
the
CRT
(the
Lest
memory
Location
tested).
Insert
a
floppy
disk
into
the
floppy
disk
drive
"A"
end
close
the
drive'&
door.
If
your
computer
eyetem
contains
a
XOR
floppy
disk
controller
board,
typing
·c
will
load
the
CP/M
operating
system
off
of
the
disk
into
the
computer
snd
allow
you
to
begin
operation
under
CP/M.
If
your
XOR
computer
system
contains
herd
disk
drives
es
well
es
floppies,
typing
·A
will
boot
the
operating
system
on
the
first
tracks
of
the
the
herd
disk
drive,
typing
a
·F
will
boot
the
operating
system
from
the
floppy.
More
detailed
explanations
of
the
procedures
for
operating
two
disk
controllers
in
the
same
computer
system
ere
contained
in
the
meinteinence
section
of
the
"Special
Hardware
end
Software
Conventions"
manual.
2.6
BOOTING
THE
OPERATING
SYSTEM
If
you
have
never
operated
a
XOR
computer
system
before,
it
is
beet
to
try
to
bring
it
up
first
on
a
floppy
disk.
The
floppy
disk
portion
of
the
system
is
the
most
reliable
end
likely
to
function
if
there
hae
been
eome
unapparent
shipping
damage
to
the
eyetem.
Aleo
if,
for
some
reason,
you
or
the
system
destroy
the
information
on
the
floppy
diek,
it
is
easily
replaced.
Replacing
the
information
on e
herd
disk
usually
requires
more
time
end
tekee
more
expertise
to
accomplish.
One
of
the
first
taste
you
should
perform
while
getting
familiar
with
your
computer
is
to
momentarily
push
the
reset
switch.
Then,
without
inserting
a
diskette
into
the
floppy
disk
drive,
hold
down
the
"CONTROL"
key
on
the
terminal
keyboard
end
type
a
"C".
If
the
system
ie
functioning
normally,
en
"BO"
error
code
will
appear
on
the
CRT
screen.
10

With
your
computer
system
you
have
received
two
or
three
diskettes.
These
diskettes
are
your
master
operating
system
diskettes.
They
contain
your
utility
programs
end
the
programs
which
ere
the
perts
and
pieces
needed
to
generate
and/or
modify
the
operating
system
of
your
computer.
If
your
computer
was
designed
to
run
CP/M
only,
you
will
have
received
two
diskettes
(Disk
A &
BJ.
With
MP/M
computer
systems,
you
will
have
received
a
third
diskette
(Disk
Ml.
The "A"
diskette
contains
approximately
twenty
five
programs.
Tha
programs
on
this
disk
are
the
tools
and
utilities
of
CP/M
(e.g.
PIP,
DDT,
ED,
ASH, SUBMIT).
The
programs
on
the
"B"
disk
are
the
subroutines,
assembly
files,
and
the
equate
tables
with
which
the
operating
system
is
generated
and/or
modified.
The
"M"
disk
contains
subroutines
and
utility
programs
specially
designed
to
run
under
MP/M, A
listing
and
brief
description
of
the
contents
of
these
diskettes
can
ba
found
in
another
section
of
this
manual
(Saa
Table
of
Contents).
The
use
of
these
disks
and
their
programs
is
explained
in
this
manual
and
the
Digital
Research
manuals
included
in
your
documentation.
Insert
the
"A"
diskette
into
the
floppy
disk
drive
(if
two
drives
era
available
use
the
one
on
the
left
as
you
face
the
system!.
The
label
on
the
diskette
should
be
on
the
left
face
of
the
diskette
along
the
edge
farthest
from
the
face
of
the
drive
and
the
label's
Long
adga
should
ba
parallel
to
the
face
of
the
drive.
Insert
the
disk
firmly
and
allow
it
to
stay
in
place
before
closing
the
door.
If
the
door
is
difficult
to
close
or
you
hear
the
sound
of
crunching
plastic
or
paper,
do
not
force
the
door
closed.
Take
the
disk
out
and
reinsert
it
making
sure
to
push
it
ell
the
way
to
the
rear
of
the
slot
in
the
drive
before
closing
the
door.
Having
accomplished
this,
hold
the
"CONTROL"
key
on
the
terminal
keyboard
down
and
type
C
(or
F,etc.J.
If
the
computer
does
not
boot
within
approximately
half
a
second
and
display
a
"sign
on"
message,
resat
the
computer
by
momentarily
pushing
the
reset
switch
down,
waiting
for
the
"sign
on"
message
to
appear
on
the
CRT
and
once
again
typing
the
·c.
Perhaps
the
most
attractive
feature
of
having
a
system
monitor
appear
before
the
system
attempts
to
boot
the
floppy
disk
is
that
the
system
is
able
to
do
reporting
of
errors
should
the
diek
controller
not
be
able
to
coma
up.
An
"BO"
error
coda
means
that
the
disk
drive
is
not
ready.
Other
typical
errors
(e.g.
"10",
"20"
and
"DB"!
can
be
deciphered
by
reading
your
orange
XOR
Disk
Controller
Manual.
11