Zenit EM User manual
Exposure
counter
dial
Rewind
button
Shutter
release
Film
advance
lever
Shutter
speed
dial
Light
meter
Rewind
knob
Exposure
adjustment
dial
Photoelectric
cell
Self-timer
release
button
Neck
strap
eyelet
Self-timer
lever
Tige
d'enclenchement
de
la
cassette
Oculaire
de
visee
Emplacement
de
la
cassette
Rideau
de
I'obturateur
Coulisseaux
Dos
de
l
appareil
Plaque
de
pression
Bobine
r6ceptrice
Tambour
d
entralnement
TABLE
DES
MATIERES
DESCRIPTION
DE
L'APPAREIL
•
Vis6e
reflex.page
5
•
Obturateur
k
rideau
.
page
6
•
Objectifs
interchangeables
.
page
6
UTILISATION
DE
L’APPAREIL
•
Chargement
de
I’appareil
.
page
7
•
Reglage
du
posem^tre
.
page
9
•
Reglage
du
temps
d’exposition
.
page
13
•
Reglage
de
I’ouverture
du
diaphragme
de
I'objectif
.
page
15
•
Prise
de
vues
.
page
15
•
Prise
de
vues
k
la
lumtere
artificielle.
page
20
•
D6chargement
de
I’appareil
.
page
20
caract£ristiques
sp£ciales
•
Griffe
porte-accessoires
.
page
22
•
Douille
de
fixation
de
trepied
.
page
22
•
DSclencheur
souple.
page
22
ENTRETIEN
•
Appareil
.
page
23
TECHNICAL
DATA
Picture
size:
24mm
x
36mm
Width
of
perforated
film:
35mm
Maximum
number
of
exposures:
36,
size
24mm
x
36mm
Shutter
speeds:
from
1/30
of
a
second
to
1/500
of
a
second
and
B
for
time
exposure
Viewfinder
field
of
view;
20mm
x
28
mm
Eyepiece
magnification:
5
times
Normal
lens:
Helios
58mm
f:2
Focusing
range:
0,5m
to
oo
Aperture
scale:
f:2
to
f:16
Tripod
socket
thread:
Va
inch
Camera
size:
141mm
x
100mm
x
93mm
Camera
weight:
HOOg
#
CAMERA
DESCRIPTION
•
SINGLE
LENS
REFLEX
CAMERA
The
ZENIT
EM
camera
uses
35mm
film
cassettes
which
are
most
popular
among
experienced
photo
amateurs.
The
reflex
lens
system
allows
the
photographer
to
see
through
a
prism
and
a
reflection
mirror
what
will
be
photo¬
graphed
on
film.
Focusing
through
the
lens
on
a
ground
glass
with
help
of
microprisms
ensures
a
perfect
focusing.
When
the
shutter
is
released,
the
mirror
is
displaced
the
time
of
shutting,
the
film
is
exposed
and
the
mirror
auto¬
matically
returns
in
place
back
in
the
optical
path.
A
leather
case
is
supplied
with
the
ZENIT
EM
camera.
•
FOCAL
PLANE
SHUTTER
The
ZENIT
EM
camera
is
equipped
with
a
focal
plane
shutter.
The
particularity
of
this
shutter
consists
in
the
fact
that
the
exposure
time
automatically
adjusted
through
the
speed
selector
is
controlled
by
the
width
of
a
slit
that
will
travel
in
front
of
the
film
during
the
exposure.
•
INTERCHANGEABLE
LENSES
The
ZENIT
EM
camera
accepts
a
wide
range
of
inter¬
changeable
lenses
(with
Pentax/Praktica
thread)
varying
from
8mm
—
fish
eye
lens
allowing
photography
with
minimum
room
to
back
up
—
to
1000mm
—
telephoto
lens
allowing
closer
photography
of
distant
subjects
—
(see
figure
1).
USING
THE
CAMERA
•
LOADING
THE
CAMERA
Under
subdued
daylight,
load
the
camera
as
follow:
1)
Open
back
of
the
camera
by
pushing
the
latch
upwards
(see
figure
2).
2)
Push
down
on
the
rewind
knob
and
turn
left,
then
pull
it
out
(see
figure
3)
so
that
the
cassette
can
be
dropped
in
the
empty
film
chamber.
3)
Push
down
tne
rewind
knob
and
turn
right
to
lock
it
in
place.
4)
Insert
film
lead
in
one
of
the
slots
of
the
take-up
spool
and
give
half
a
turn
to
the
spool
(see
figure
4).
fig
2
fig
3
5)
Cock
the
camera
shutter
by
turning
the
film
advance
as
far
as
it
will
go
(see
figure
5).
Make
sure
the
sprocket
teeth
engage
in
the
film
holes.
Check
position
of
film
in
film
tracks
of
the
exposure
gate.
6)
Close
the
back.
7)
Advance
the
film
by
winding
the
lever
and
releasing
the
shutter
twice
(see
figure
6)
so
ihat
the
unexposed
part
of
the
film
moves
in
front
of
the
shutter
curtain.
Every
time
you
wind
the
film
advance
lever,
the
rewind
knob
should
also
turn.
If
not,
reopen
the
camera
and
check
carefully
the
position
of
the
film.
8)
Adjust
the
exposure
counter
dial
by
matching
the
figure
0
to
the
index
mark
(see
figure
7).
Afterwards
the
ex¬
posure
counter
will
register
each
exposure
automatically
as
the
camera
is
cocked.
9)
Set
the
film
speed
dial
according
to
the
film
sensitivity
used.
The
sensitivity
scale
ranging
from
16
to
500
(see
figure
8)
indicates
the
film
sensitivity
in
ASA
units.
In
the
opposite
window,
figures
from
13
to
28
indicate
the
film
sensitivity
in
DIN
degrees.
Place
the
film
speed
index
mark
according
to
the
film
sensitivity
used
either
in
ASA
units
or
in
DIN
degrees.
•
SETTING
THE
LIGHT
TIMER
The
ZENIT
EM
camera
is
equipped
with
a
built-in
light
meter
not
coupled
to
the
lens
(see
figure
9).
The
light
meter
permits
reading
the
light
intensity
on
the
subject.
Two
adjustments
must
be
made
to
ensure
a
correct
ex¬
posure:
shutter
speed
and
aperture
of
the
lens.
The
photo¬
electric
cell
enables
you
to
compute
these
adjustments.
fig
8
9
Shutter
speed
scale
Aperture
scale
ASA
film
speed
window
Film
speed
index
(ASA)
.9
DIN
film
speed
window
meter
indicator
Calculator
1)
Aim
the
camera
at
the
subject.
2)
Turn
to
the
left
or
to
the
right
the
shutter
speed
scale
(see
figure
10)
in
order
to
bring
the
indicator
circle
of
the
calculator
over
the
light
meter
needle
(see
figure
11)
.
Once
these
two
elements
are
centered
all
different
combinations
of
exposure
shown
should
give
normal
density
pictures.
3)
Depending
upon
the
special
characteristics
of
the
sub¬
ject,
the
shuttei*
speed
and
the
aperture
of
the
lens
indicated
on
the
dial
have
to
be
chosen
and
transferred
respectively
on
the
shutter
speed
dial
of
the
camera
and
on
the
aperture
setting
ring
of
the
lens
(see
figure
12
)
.
fig
11
11
:
*'«
>
9
-
s
»
4
•
i
n
it
tn
1
•
ADJUSTING
THE
SHUTTER
SPEED
The
numbers
from
500
to
2
indicated
on
the
shutter
speed
scale
show
exposure
time
in
fractions
of
a
second.
Num¬
bers
from
1
to
30
show
exposure
time
in
seconds
(see
figure
13).
A)
Pre-selected
time
exposure
1)
After
selection
of
the
shutter
speed,
pull
up
the
shutter
speed
dial
(see
figure
14),
turn
it
on
its
shaft
until
the
chosen
shutter
speed
matches
the
index
mark.
2)
Let
the
dial
down,
this
will
lock
it
in
position.
The
numbers
shown
on
the
shutter
speed
dial
indicate
exposure
time
in
fractions
of
second
from
1/30
of
a
second
to
1/500
of
a
second.
B)
Manual
time
exposure
For
shutter
speeds
slower
than
1/30
of
a
second,
match
the
letter
B
with
the
shutter
speed
dial
index
mark.
Manual
time
exposure
can
be
used
in
two
different
ways:
13
I)
Manual
shutter
release
-
1)
Depress
the
shutter
release
button.
2)
Hold
the
button
down
as
long
as
the
exposure
time
requires.*
3)
When
the
exposure
time
is
through,
release
the
button;
this
will
close
the
shutter.
II)
Mechanical
shutter
release
1)
Push
the
shutter
release
button
down
and
main¬
taining
pressure
on
it,
turn
it
to
the
left.
This
will
lock
the
shutter
in
open
position.*
2)
When
the
exposure
time
is
through,
turn
the
shutter
release
button
back
to
its
initial
position.
This
will
unlock
and
close
the
shutter.
‘During
the
time
that
the
shutter
release
button
is
de¬
pressed,
be
careful
not
to
cock
the
film
advance
lever
which
is
free
as
it
could
advance
unwillingly
the
film.
The
camera
should
be
on
a
tripod
for
pictures
taken
at
speeds
slower
than
1/30
of
a
second.
IMPORTANT
NOTE:
Never
spin
dial
between
B
and
500.
This
could
cause
serious
damage
to
the
speed
selector
mechanism.
•
ADJUSTING
THE
APERTURE
OF
THE
LENS
The
ZENIT
EM
camera
is
equipped
with
an
automatic
lens.
1)
Turn
the
aperture
setting
ring
until
the
chosen
aperture
(between
2
and
16)
matches
the
aperture
index
(see
figure
15).
2)
The
aperture
setting
is
controlled
by
the
lever
on
the
right
of
the
lens
(see
figure
16).
By
setting
it
on
“A”,
the
lens
will
function
automatically:
the
viewing
will
be
done
with
the
diaphragm
fully
open
and
the
lens
opening
will
be
adjusted
automatically
to
the
chosen
aperture
when
the
shutter
is
released.
By
setting
it
on
“M”,
the
lens
opening
is
kept
at
the
chosen
aperture:
this
enables
you
to
check
the
depth-of-field.
•
SHOOTING
A)
Focusing
The
lens
supplied
with
the
ZENIT
EM
camera
is
the
automatic
Helios
58mm
f:2
lens
(see
figure
17).
fig
16
15
fig
1
7
Focusing
ring
Distance
scale
Depth
of
field
scale
Aperture
setting
ring
Lens
mounting
ring
16
1)
The
lens
diaphragm
must
be
fully
open
for
accurate
focusing.
To
open
it,
set
the
aperture
setting
lever
on
the
letter
“A”.
2)
Aim
the
camera
at
the
subject
and,
looking
through
the
viewfinder,
move
the
focusing
ring
back
and
forth
(see
figure
18)
until
you
obtain
a
sharp
image
on
the
ground
glass.
In
the
center
of
this
ground
glass,
a
microprism
circle
helps
to
obtain
the
sharpest
focusing:
when
this
screen
is
no
more
visible,
your
subject
is
in
focus.
NOTE:
Two
indexes
are
shown
on
the
depth-of-field
ring
(see
figure
19).
The
line
and
dot
index
(
♦
)
must
be
used
with
color
or
black
and
white
films.
The
“R”
index
must
be
used
with
infra-red
films.
To
shoot
with
-ifrp-red
film,
focus
in
the
usual
way.
Then
adjust
the
distance
matching
the
line
and
dot
index
in
front
of
the
“R"
index.
This
ad¬
justment
will
correct
the
focus
for
the
infra-red
spectrum.
fig
18
fig
19
17
B)
Depth-of-field
Two
scales
corresponding
to
lens
aperture
stops
are
indicated
on
each
side
of
the
line
and
dot
index
on
the
depth-of-field
scale
(see
figure
20).
These
figures
are
the
limits
in
which
the
photograph
will
be
in
sharp
focus.
When
lens
is
focused
and
diaphragm
set,
limits
of
depth-of-field
can
be
read
on
the
distance
scale.
Example:
If
focusing
indicates
a
distance
of
6
feet
(1.8m)
with
an
aperture
of
f:16,
your
photography
should
be
in
focus
from
4
V
2
feet
(1,35m)
to
10
feet
(3m)
(see
figure
20).
If
you
chose
an
aperture
of
f:4,
your
picture
will
be
in
focus
only
from
5
V
2
feet
(1,65
m)
to
7
feet
(2,1m).
C)
Self-timer
Proceed
normally
for
focusing
as
well
as
for
calculating
adjustments
of
the
shutter
speed
and
of
the
aperture
of
the
lens.
Cock
the
shutter
and
the
self-timer
mecha¬
nism
by
turning
completely
down
the
self-timer
lever
(see
figure
21).
Shutter
will
be
released
about
9
sec¬
onds
after
depressing
the
self-timer
button.
fig
20
fig
21
18
D)
Macrophotography
For
picture
taking
of
non-distant
subjects
(see
figure
22
)
use
extension
tubes
to
be
inserted
between
the
camera
body
and
the
lens.
This
technique
is
especially
interesting
to
reproduce
drawings,
photo¬
graphs,
manuscripts
and
any
other
small
subjects
such
as
flowers,
insects,
etc.
E)
Microphotography
The
ZENIT
EM
camera
can
also
be
used
for
photog¬
raphy
through
a
microscope
using
special
accessories.
F)
Lens
hood
To
avoid
parasite
reflections
in
the
lens
when
taking
pictures
in
the
sun.
use
a
lens
hood
mounted
in
front
of
the
lens.
fig
22
19
•
ARTIFICIAL
LIGHT
PHOTOGRAPHY
When
light
conditions
are
insufficient,
use
an
electronic
flash
or
a
flashbulb
gun.
To
use
flashbulbs,
place
the
syn¬
chronizer
on
index
“M”;
when
using
an
electronic
flash,
place
the
synchronizer
on
index
“X”
(see
fiqure
23).
Artifi¬
cial
light
photography
with
the
ZENIT
EM!
camera
requires
an
exposure
time
of
1/30
of
a
second
since
the
shutter
curtain
must
be
entirely
open
to
allow
complete
lighting
of
the
subject
when
firing
flash.
Faster
speeds
would
result
in
a
partially
exposed
frame.
•
UNLOADING
THE
CAMERA
jjjT
Under
subdued
daylight,
unload
the
camera
as
follow:
1)
When
the
exposure
counter
dial
indicates
that
the
max¬
imum
number
of
exposures
is
reached,
a
slight
resist¬
ance
should
be
felt
as
you
try
to
advance
the
film;
do
not
force
it.
Press
on
the
rewind
knob
and
turn
it
in
the
opposite
direction
of
the
arrow.
This
will
bring
the
knob
out
of
its
seat
(see
figure
24).
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