96Boards ROCK960 User manual

ROCK960 Development Board User Manual
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Introduction
What’s in the Box
Board Overview
Key Components
System Block Diagram
Getting Started
Prerequisites
Starting the board for the first time
Component Details
Processor
PMIC
Memory (DRAM)
Storage
Micro SDHC
Boot ROM
Networking
WiFi
Bluetooth
GPS
HDMI
MIPI-DSI
Camera Interface
USB Ports
USB Host ports
USB Device ports
Audio
DC Power
Power Measurement
External Fan Connection
UART
Buttons
LED Indicators
Additional Functionality
Expansion Connectors
Low Speed Expansion Connector
High Speed Expansion Connector
Analog Expansion Connector
Power Management Overview
Block Diagram
DC Power Input
Power Source Selection and Sequencing
Voltage Rails
Mechanical Specification
Introduction
The ROCK960 Development Board is a 96Boards compliant community board based
on Rockchip RK3399 platform.The following table lists its key features:

Component Description
SoC Rockchip RK3399
CPU ARM Cortex-A72 Dual-core up to 1.8GHz + Cortex A53
Quad-core up to 1.4GHz
GPU ARM Mali T860MP4
RAM 2GB or 4GB LPDDR3 @ 1866MHz
PMU RK805
Storage 16/32GB eMMC 5.1
Ethernet
Port USB 2.0/3.0 expansion
Wireless WLAN 802.11 ac/a/b/g/n, 2xMIMO, 2.4GHz and 5Ghz,
Bluetooth 4.2. On board WLAN/BT antennas.
USB 1 x USB 3.0 type A and 1 x USB 2.0 type A (host mode
only) and 1 x USB 3.0 type C OTG

Component Description
Display
1 x HDMI 2.0(Type A - full) up to 4Kx2K@60Hz, 1 x 4L -
MIPI DSI up to 1080p@60Hz, 1 x DP 1.2(Type C) up to
4Kx2K@60
Video
Inside decoder: H.264 10bit up to HP level 5.1 -
2160p@60fps (4096x2304), VP9 -
2160p@60fps(4096x2304), H.265/HEVC 10bit -
2160p@60fps(4096x2304), MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-
4, H.263, VP8, VC-1.
Audio HDMI output
Camera 2 x 4-lane MIPI CSI
Expansion
Interface
40 pin low speed expansion connector: +1.8V, +5V, DC
power, GND, 2UART, 2I2C, SPI, I2S, 12xGPIO and 60
pin high speed expansion connector: 4L-MIPI DSI, I2C
x2, SPI (48M), USB 2.0, 2L+4LMIPI CSI
LED 1 x WiFi activity LED（Yellow), 1 x BT activity LED
(Blue) and 4 x User LEDs (Green)
Button Reset button, recovery button
Power
Source
Recommend a 12V@2A adapter with a DC plug which
has a 4.75mm outer diameter and 1.7mm center pin
with standard center-positive (EIAJ-3 Compliant)
OS
Support AOSP/Debian/Ubuntu/Fedora/LibreELEC/Lakka/FlintOS
Size 85mm x 55mm
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What’s in the Box
The standard ROCK960 packages contains the follow:

Main board
12V/2A power adapter
Transparent acrylic case
Screws(M3)
Heatsink(22mm x 22mm)
Heatsink Plaster
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Board Overview

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System Block Diagram

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Getting Started
Prerequisites
Before you power up your ROCK960 Board for the first time you will need the
following:
ROCK960 Board, model A or model B.
A 96Boards compliant power supply (sold separately).
A HDMI or DVI LCD Monitor that supports a resolution of 720p/1080P/4K.
HDMI-HDMI cable or HDMI-DVI cable to connect the board to the Monitor.

A computer keyboard with USB interface.
A computer mouse with USB interface.
Starting the board for the first time
To start the board, follow these simple steps:
1. Connect the HDMI cable to the ROCK960 Board HDMI connector and to the LCD
Monitor.
2. Connect the keyboard to USB connector marked USB2.0 and the mouse to the USB
connector marked USB3.0. (It doesn’t matter which order you connect them in.)
3. Plug the power supply into the power outlet.
4. The system will automatically boot when the power supply is connected.
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Component Details
Processor
RK3399 is a low power, high performance processor for computing, personal mobile
internet devices and digital multimedia devices; it integrates dual-core Cortex-A72
and quad-core Cortex-A53. RK3399 supports multi-format video decoders including
H.264/H.265/VP9 up to 4Kx2K@60fps, especially, H.264/H.265 decoders support
10bits coding, and also supports H.264/MVC/VP8 encoders by 1080p@30fps, high-
quality JPEG encoder/decoder, and special image preprocessor and postprocessor.
RK3399 has high-performance dual channel external memory interface (2x32bit
LPDDR3) capable of sustaining demanding memory bandwidths. Learn more
at RK3399 Product Page.
PMIC
The PMIC on ROCK960 is RK805, a companion PMIC for RK3399 by Rockchip.
The RK805 is a complete power supply solution for portable systems. The highly
integrated device includes four buck DC-DC converters, three high performance
ldos, I2C interface, programmable power sequencing and an RTC.
The RK805 improves performance, reduces component count and size, and
therefore provides lower cost solution compared to conventional portable designs.

The ultra fast 2MHz current mode DC/DC architecture optimizes the transient
performance and is compatible with tiny low cost ceramic inductors and capacitors.
All DC/DC channels include integrated MOSFETS. Internal soft-start and
compensation circuits minimize external components count. Most outputs can be
programmed through the I2C interface
The RK805 integrates internal RC oscillator for low cost application which without
RTC function.
Memory (DRAM)
The ROCK960 Board provides 2GB(model A) or 4GB(model B) LPDDR3-SDRAM
which is a 2-channel and 32bit width bus implementation interfacing directly to the
RK3399 build-in LPDDR controller. The maximum DDR clock is 933MHz. It’s
soldered on board and not replaceable.
Storage
The ROCK960 Board provides an 16GB(model A) or 32GB(model B) EMMC which is
compliant with EMMC 5.1.
Micro SDHC
The ROCK960 Board SD slot signals are routed directly to the RK3399 SDIO
interface. It meets the SD3.0 standard.
Boot ROM
The ROCK960 Board can boot up from the EMMC or the Micro SD card. If a
bootable Micro SD card is inserted, ROCK960 will boot from Micro SD card and
ignore the EMMC. If the Micro SD card is not inserted or non-bootable(ie. as storage
media). The ROCK960 will try to boot from EMMC. If there is no bootable image in
EMMC, the board will go to Maskrom mode and wait for USB command from host.
Networking
WiFi

The wifi/bt module used on ROCK960s is AP6356s from AMPAK Technology. The
AP6356s module complies with IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac 2x2 MIMO standard and it
can achieve up to a speed of 867Mbps with dual stream in 802.11n to connect the
wireless LAN.
802.11a/b/g/n/ac dual-band radio with virtual-simultaneous dual-band operation
Dual-stream spatial multiplexing up to 867 Mbps data rate
Supports 20, 40, 80 MHz channels with optional SGI(256 QAM modulation)
Supports IEEE 802.11 ac/n beam forming
The ROCK960 Board also has a RF connector to connect the external antenna or
other RF device. If you want to use this function, you should change the 0ohm
resistor directions besides the antenna.
Bluetooth
Bluetooth specification V2.1+EDR, 3.0+HS and 4.1+HS compliant
Integrated PA with 8dBm (class 1) transmit power
Typical Rx sensitivity: GFSK -94dBm, DQPSK -93dBm, 8-DPSK -87.5dBm.
Display Interface
HDMI
RK3399 support HDMI 1.4 and 2.0, up to 10-bit depth color mode, up to 1080p at
120Hz and 4Kx2K at 60Hz HDTV display resolutions and up to QXGA graphic
display resolutions.
MIPI-DSI
The 96Boards specification calls for a MIPI-DSI implementation via the High Speed Expansion
Connector.
The ROCK960 Board implements a 4-lane MIPI_DSI interface meeting this requirement. It can
support up to FHD(1080p@60fps). The ROCK960 Board routes the MIPI_DSI interface signals to
the MIPI_TX1/RX1 interface of the RK3399. The MIPI_TX1/RX1 can also be configured as MIPI
CSI by software.
Camera Interface
The 96Boards specification calls for two camera interfaces.
The ROCK960 Board supports two camera interfaces, one with a 4-lane MIPI_CSI interface and
one with 2-lane MIPI_CSI interface, meeting this requirement. The 4-lane MIPI_CSI interface can
support 13M camera.
USB Ports

The RK3399 has two USB 3.0 OTG controller, two USB 2.0 HOST controller, the four
USB controllers can work independently, they are implemented on ROCK960 as
following:
USB Host
USB 3.0 OTG1 as USB 3.0 HOST Type A
USB 2.0 HOST0 as USB 2.0 Type A
USB 2.0 HOST1 on the high speed expansion header
USB Type C ports
USB 3.0 OTG0 is implimented as USB Type C
The USB Type C port can work in device mode or host mode. For device mode, it
can be used for download/flash the firmware or debugging such as adb. For host
mode, it can connect the type c hubs and expand more USB ports or Ethernet or
VGA/HDMI/DP.
Note: the type C port can work in one mode at a time, Host mode or Device
mode, not both.
Audio
The ROCK960 Board has four audio ports: BT, HDMI, I2S and DP.
DC Power
The ROCK960 Board can be powered by two ways:
8V to 18V supply from a dedicated DC jack
8V to 18V supply from the DC_IN pins on the Low Speed Expansion Connector
Power Measurement
The current ROCK960 hardware revision(v1.0 and v1.1) has no current sense
resistors.
External Fan Connection

The 96Boards specification calls for support for an external fan. That can be
achieved by using the 5V or the SYS_DCIN (12V), both present on the Low Speed
Expansion connector.
UART
The ROCK960 Board has three UART ports, two(UART3 and UART4) present on the
Low Speed Expansion connector and one(UART2) has a dedicated 3 pin header.
Each UART support up to 4Mbps or other special baud rate
UART 3 is a full function UART supports auto flow control mode
UART 2 is the default debug console and the default baud rate is 1.5Mbps. Check the serial
console debug for how to setup on PC.
Buttons
The ROCK960 Board presents two buttons. They are Reset key and Maskrom key.
The RESET signals are also routed to the Low Speed Expansion connector.
Reset Button
The button serves as the hardware reset button. short press and release the
button,the system will be rebooted.
Maskrom Button
The Maskrom Button is for firmware flash/upgrade.
LED Indicators
ROCK960 Board has six LEDs.
Two activity LEDs
WiFi activity LED –The ROCK960 Board drives this Yellow LED via GPIO4_D5(GPIO number
1157), an IO from RK3399.
BT activity LED –The ROCK960 Board drives this Blue LED via GPIO4_D6(GPIO number 1158), an
IO from RK3399.
Four User LEDs
The four user LEDs are surface mount Green in 0603 size located between two USB
type A ports. The ROCK960 Board drives the four LEDs from the RK3399 GPIO:
LED1 : GPIO4_C2, GPIO number 1146
LED2 : GPIO4_C6, GPIO number 1150

LED3 : GPIO4_D0, GPIO number 1152
LED4 : GPIO4_D4, GPIO number 1156
Additional Functionality
The ROCK960 has an additional M.2 connector, which expose the 4 lanes PCIE 2.1
signal from RK3399, a M.2 SSD can be connected to add more storage.
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Expansion Connectors
Low Speed Expansion Connector
< Add a table that maps the 96boards signals on the low-speed connector to the
SoC signals. Mention the voltage level as a courtesy though they’re defined to be
1.8V in the spec. Add any notes as applicable on how to use the various outputs
with relevant schematics >
The Low Speed Expansion Connector implements as following on ROCK960.
ROCK960
Signals
96Boards
Signals PIN PIN 96Boards Signals ROCK960 Signals
GND GND 1 2 GND GND
UART3_CTS UART0_CTS 3 4 PWR_BTN_N PMIC_POWERON
UART3_TX UART0_TxD 5 6 RST_BTN_N RESET_L
UART3_RX UART0_RxD 7 8 SPI0_SCLK SPI0_CLK
UART3_RTS UART0_RTS 9 10 SPI0_DIN SPI0_RX
UART4_TX UART1_TxD 11 12 SPI0_CS SPI0_CS
UART4_RX UART1_RxD 13 14 SPI0_DOUT SPI0_TX
I2C6_SCL I2C0_SCL 15 16 PCM_FS I2S0_LRCK_TX
I2C6_SDA I2C0_SDA 17 18 PCM_CLK I2S0_SCLK

ROCK960
Signals
96Boards
Signals PIN PIN 96Boards Signals ROCK960 Signals
I2C1_SCL I2C1_SCL 19 20 PCM_DO I2S0_SDO0
I2C1_SDA I2C1_SDA 21 22 PCM_DI I2S0_SDI0
GPIO0_A6 GPIO-A 23 24 GPIO-B GPIO0_A2
GPIO1_B1 GPIO-C 25 26 GPIO-D GPIO1_B2
GPIO3_D1 GPIO-E 27 28 GPIO-F GPIO4_A0
GPIO3_D4 GPIO-G 29 30 GPIO-H GPIO4_A3
GPIO3_D5 GPIO-I 31 32 GPIO-J GPIO4_A4
GPIO1_C2 GPIO-K 33 34 GPIO-L GPIO1_C7
VCC_1V8 +1V8 35 36 SYS_DCIN VCC12V_DCIN
VCC5V0_SYS +5V 37 38 SYC_DCIN VCC12V_DCIN
GND GND 39 40 GND GND
UART {0/1}
The 96Boards specifications calls for a 4-wire UART implementation, UART0 and an optimal
second 2-wire UART, UART1 on the Low Speed Expansion Connector.
The ROCK960 Board implements UART0 as a 4-wire UART that connects directly to the RK3399
SoC. These signals are driven at 1.8V.
The ROCK960 Board implements UART1 as a 2-wire UART that connects directly to the RK3399
SoC. These signals are driven at 1.8V.
I2C {0/1}
The 96Boards specification calls for two I2C interfaces to be implemented on the Low Speed
Expansion Connector.
The ROCK960 Board implements both interfaces named I2C1 and I2C6. They connect directly to
the RK3399 SoC.
GPIO {A-L}
The 96Boards specification calls for 12 GPIO lines to be implemented on the Low
Speed Expansion Connector. Some of these GPIOs may support alternate functions
for DSI/CSI control

The ROCK960 board implements this requirement. All GPIOs are routed to the
RK3399 SoC. Refer the Low Speed Expansion Connector table for GPIO A-L
signals. The GPIO of RK3399 has following features:
All of GPIOs can be used to generate interrupt to CPU
GPIO0 and GPIO1 can be used to wakeup system from low-power mode
The pull direction(pull-up or pull-down) for all of GPIOs are software-programmable
All of GPIOs are always in input direction in default after power-on-reset
The drive strength for all of GPIOs is software-programmable
SPI 0
The 96Boards specification calls for one SPI bus master to be provided on the Low Speed
Expansion Connector.
The ROCK960 Board implements a full SPI master with 4 wires, CLK, CS, MOSI and MISO. The
signals are connected directly to the RK3399 SoC and driven at 1.8V.
PCM/I2S
The 96Boards specification calls for one PCM/I2S bus to be provided on the Low Speed Expansion
Connector. The CLK, FS and DO signals are required while the DI is optional.
The ROCK960 Board implements a PCM/I2S interface with 4 wires, CLK, FS, DO and DI. The
signals are connected directly to the RK3399 SoC and driven at 1.8V.
Power and Reset
The 96Boards specification calls for a signal on the Low Speed Expansion Connector that can
power on/off the board and a signal that serves as a board reset signal.
The ROCK960 Board routes the PWR_BTN_N (named PMIC_PWRON on schematic) signal to the
PWRON pin of the PMIC RK805. A mezzanine implementation of this signals should not drive it
with any voltage, the only allowed operation is to force it to GND to start the board from a sleep
mode.
The ROCK960 Board routes the RST_BTN_N (named RESET_L on schematic) signal to the
NRESPWRON pin of the PMIC RK805. This signal is also routes to SW2100, a push button for
reset.
Power Supplies
The 96Boards specification calls for three power rails to be present on the Low
Speed Expansion Connector:
+1.8V Max of 100mA
+5V Provide a minimum of 5W of power (1A).
SYS_DCIN 8-18V input with enough current to support all the board functions or the
output DCIN from on-board DC Connector able to provide a minimum of 7W of
power.
The ROCK960 Board supports these requirements as follows:

+1.8V Driven by PMIC RK805 up to 2500mA. It is the system main 1.8V power (VCC_1V8), and it
can supply power up to 200mA to the Low Speed Expansion Connector.
+5V Driven by a 3A pwm buck converter (SY8113B). It also provides the VBUS power to the two
USB host connectors and the HDMI 5V power to the HDMI connector. The remaining capacity
provides a max current of 2A to the Low Speed Expansion Connector, for a total of 10W which
meets the 96Boards requirements.
SYS_DCIN Can serves as the board’s main power source or can receive power from
the board.
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High Speed Expansion Connector
ROCK960
Signals 96Boards Signals PIN PIN 96Boards Signals ROCK960 Signals
SPI4_TX SD_DAT0/SPI1_DOUT 1 2 CSI0_C+ MIPI_RX0_CLKP
NC SD_DAT1 3 4 CSI0_C- MIPI_RX0_CLKN
NC SD_DAT2 5 6 GND GND
SPI4_CS SD_DAT3/SPI1_CS 7 8 CSI0_D0+ MIPI_RX0_D0P
SPI4_CLK SD_SCLK/SPI1_SCLK 9 10 CSI0_D0- MIPI_RX0_D0N
SPI4_RX SD_CMD/SPI1_DIN 11 12 GND GND
GND GND 13 14 CSI0_D1+ MIPI_RX0_D1P
MIPI_MCLK0 CLK0/CSI0_MCLK 15 16 CCSI0_D1- MIPI_RX0_D1N
MIPI_MCLK1 CLK1/CSI1_MCLK 17 18 GND GND
GND GND 19 20 CSI0_D2+ MIPI_RX0_D2P
MIPI_CLKP DSI_CLK+ 21 22 CSI0_D2- MIPI_RX0_D2N
MIPI_CLKN DSI_CLK- 23 24 GND GND
GND GND 25 26 CSI0_D3+ MIPI_RX0_D3P
MIPI_D0P DSI_D0+ 27 28 CSI0_D3- MIPI_RX0_D3N

ROCK960
Signals 96Boards Signals PIN PIN 96Boards Signals ROCK960 Signals
MIPI_D0N DSI_D0- 29 30 GND GND
GND GND 31 32 I2C2_SCL I2C2_SCL
MIPI_D1P DSI_D1+ 33 34 I2C2_SCL I2C2_SDA
MIPI_D1N DSI_D1- 35 36 I2C3_SDA I2C7_SCL
GND GND 37 38 I2C3_SDA I2C7_SDA
MIPI_D2P DSI_D2+ 39 40 GND GND
MIPI_D2N DSI_D2- 41 42 CSI1_D0+ MIPI_TX_D0P
GND GND 43 44 CSI1_D0- MIPI_TX_D0N
MIPI_D3P DSI_D3+ 45 46 GND GND
MIPI_D3N DSI_D3- 47 48 CSI1_D1+ MIPI_TX_D1P
GND GND 49 50 CSI1_D1- MIPI_TX_D1N
HOST1_DP USB_D+ 51 52 GND GND
HOST1_DM USB_D- 53 54 CSI1_C+ MIPI_TX_CLKP
GND GND 55 56 CSI1_C- MIPI_TX_CLKN
NC HSIC_STR 57 58 GND GND
NC HSIC_DATA 59 60 RESERVED
Pull-up to
VIO18_PMU
via 100K resistor
MIPI DSI 0
The 96Boards specification calls for a MIPI-DSI to be present on the High Speed Expansion
Connector. A minimum of one lane is required and up to four lanes can be accommodated on the
connector.
The ROCK960 Board implementation supports a full four lane (1.2Gbps/lane) MIPI-DSI interface
that is routed to the High Speed Expansion Connector. The MIPI-DSI signals are directly connected
to MIPI TX/RX of RK3399.
MIPI CSI {0/1}

The 96Boards specification calls for two MIPI-CSI interfaces to be present on the High Speed
Expansion Connector. Both interfaces are optional. CSI0 interface can be up to four lanes while
CSI1 is up to two lanes.
The ROCK960 Board implementation supports a full four lane MIPI-CSI interface on CSI0 and two
lanes of MIPI-CSI on CSI1. All MIPI-CSI signals are routed directly to/from the RK3399 SoC. CSI0
can support up to 13M@30fps and CSI1 can support up to 8M@30fps. The max data rate of each
lane is 2.5Gbps.
I2C {2/3}
The 96Boards specification calls for two I2C interfaces to be present on the High Speed Expansion
Connector. Both interfaces are optional unless a MIPI-CSI interface has been implemented. Then
an I2C interface shall be implemented.
The ROCK960 Board implementation supports two MIPI-CSI interfaces and therefore must support
two I2C interfaces. For MIPI-CSI0 the companion I2C2 is routed directly from the RK3399 SoC. For
MIPI-CSI1, the companion I2C is I2C3. Each of the I2C line’s pull up can be set from RK3399
internally.
SD/SPI
The 96Boards specification calls for an SD interface or a SPI port to be part of the High Speed
Expansion Connector.
The ROCK960 Board implements a full SPI master with 4 wires (96Boards SPI Configuration),
CLK, CS, MOSI and MISO. All the signals are connected directly to the RK3399 SoC. These
signals are driven at 1.8V.
Clocks
The 96Boards specification calls for one or two programmable clock interfaces to be provided on
the High Speed Expansion Connector. These clocks may have a secondary function of being
CSI0_MCLK and CSI1_MCLK. If these clocks can’t be supported by the SoC than an alternative
GPIO or No-Connect is allowed by the specifications.
The ROCK960 Board implements two CSI clocks which are connected directly to the RK3399 SoC.
These signals are driven at 1.8V.
USB
The 96Boards specification calls for a USB Data line interface to be present on the High Speed
Expansion Connector.
The ROCK960 Board implements this requirement by routing USB HOST1 of RK3399 to the High
Speed Expansion Connector.
HSIC
The 96Boards specification calls for an optional MIPI-HSIC interface to be present on the High
Speed Expansion Connector.
The ROCK960 Board implementation doesn’t support this optional requirement.
Reserved
The pin 60 of the High Speed Expansion Connector is pulled up to VIO18_PMU via
100K resistor.
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Others
M.2/NGFF Connector
ROCK960 board also exports a M.2 PCIE M key socket, which connects directly to
the SoC. The M.2. socket supports M.2 M key or B&M key PCIE SSD.
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Power Management Overview
Block Diagram
DC Power Input
An 8V to 18V power from a dedicated DC jack.
An 8V to 18V power from the SYS_DCIN pins on the Low Speed Expansion Connector.

Note: Please refer to the mechanical size of the DC plug below.The inside
diameter of the plug is 1.7mm，the outer diameter of the plug is 4.75mm.The
positive electrode of the DC plug is in the inside, and the negative pole is
outside.
Power Source Selection
The user of the ROCK960 Board should never apply power to the board from DC
jack and the Low Speed Expansion connector at the same time. There is no active
or passive mechanism on the ROCK960 Board to prioritize one source over the
other.
Voltage Rails
Circuit
Type Net Name
Default
ON
Voltage(V)
Iout
Max
(mA)
Expected use
BUCK1 VDD_CENTER 0.7-1.5 5000 SOC center
BUCK2 VDD_CPU_L 0.7-1.5 5000 Quad A53 cores
BUCK3 VCC_DDR 1.0-1.8 2500 DDR CTRL and DDR
BUCK4 VCC_1V8_EMMC 1.8 2000 EMMC CTRL and
EMMC
VCC_1V8_WIFI 1.8 2000 WIFI+BT module
VCC_1V8_IO 1.8 2000 GPIO
VCC_1V8_DDR 1.8 2000 VDD of LPDDR3