ASTEC PHOENIX Talon Operation manual

Version 3, 8/8/2011.
OPERATION AND SERVICE MANUAL
ASTEC Burner Group

PHOENIX Talon - Operation and Service Manual
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PHOENIX Talon - Operation and Service Manual
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Table of Contents
Table of Contents........................................................................................................................... 3
Introduction.................................................................................................................................... 5
Operation and Service Statement.......................................................................................................5
Scope of this Manual............................................................................................................................5
Danger Safety and Warnings ........................................................................................................ 5
DANGER Combustion Equipment ......................................................................................................5
Basic Safety instructions.....................................................................................................................5
How to Recognize Shock.....................................................................................................................6
WARNING!.............................................................................................................................................6
General Burner Information......................................................................................................... 6
Receiving and Inspection............................................................................................................... 7
Burner Capacity............................................................................................................................. 7
Table - 1 Burner Capacities ................................................................................ 7
Notes: For Table-1................................................................................................................................7
Combustion Flighting.................................................................................................................... 8
Operation........................................................................................................................................ 8
Illustration 1........................................................................................................ 9
Illustration 2........................................................................................................ 9
Illustration 3...................................................................................................... 10
Adjustments.................................................................................................................................. 11
Burner Mounting......................................................................................................................... 12
Burner Pilot System..................................................................................................................... 12
Illustration 4 - Pilot System ............................................................................. 12
Illustration 5 –Typical Pilot Gas Train ............................................................ 13
Adjustment and Operation of the Pilot System...............................................................................13
The Initial Pilot Adjustment ...............................................................................................................13
Natural Gas Fuel Piping System................................................................................................. 14
Illustration 6 - Gas Train Components.............................................................. 14
Table 2 - Feed Pipe Size, for Gas Runs Over 25 Feet ...................................... 15
Table 3 - Feed Pipe Size, for Gas Runs 25 Feet or Under................................ 15
Table 4 - Recommended Pipe Nipple............................................................... 15
Table 5 - Natural Gas Regulators...................................................................... 16
Illustration 7 - Regulator Requirements............................................................ 16
Oil Fuel Piping System................................................................................................................ 18
Illustration 8 - Oil Train (Heavy Oil Shown).................................................... 18
Table 6 –Oil Train Settings.............................................................................. 19

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Table 7 –Minimum Oil Line Size for various lengths..................................... 19
Heavy Oil Fuel Piping System..................................................................................................... 20
Illustration 9 - Heavy Oil Piping Schematic..................................................... 20
Fuel Oil Atomizer......................................................................................................................... 22
Illustration 10 - Atomizer and Nozzle .............................................................. 22
To Reset the Nozzle Position, use the following steps:.................................................................22
To Remove the Oil Gun Assembly, use the following steps: ........................................................23
Compressed Air Train.................................................................................................................. 23
Illustration 11 –Typical Compressed Air Train............................................... 24
Table 8 –Recommended field pipe size for compressed air at various lengths.
........................................................................................................................... 24
Flame Shape Adjustments........................................................................................................... 25
Flame Scanner............................................................................................................................. 25
Illustration 12 –Flame Scanner........................................................................ 25
Pilot and UV Cooling Air............................................................................................................. 25
Maintenance & Trouble Shooting Guide.................................................................................... 26
Maintenance Schedule.......................................................................................................................26
Trouble Shooting................................................................................................................................27
Recommended Spare Parts.......................................................................................................... 29
Table 9 –Spare Parts List................................................................................. 29
Table 10 –Nozzle Spare Parts List................................................................... 29
Detailed Burner Performance Sheets.......................................................................................... 30
Altitude Correction Chart............................................................................................................ 31

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Introduction
Operation and Service Statement
These instructions are intended to serve as guidelines covering the installation, operation, and
maintenance of ASTEC Burner Systems Group equipment. While every attempt has been made to
ensure completeness, unforeseen or unspecified applications, details, or variations may preclude
covering every possibility. If there is any information that is unclear, contradictory, or absent from this
manual, please contact ASTEC Burner Group for clarification before proceeding.
Scope of this Manual
The objectives of this manual are to document the installation, operation, and maintenance of ASTEC
Burner Systems Group equipment. It provides policies, procedures and references for assuring and
controlling quality and compliance to requirements.
Danger Safety and Warnings
DANGER Combustion Equipment
Operating this Burner outside its design parameters, and/or removing, disabling, or bypassing any
PHOENIX Talon safety device can cause an explosion, serious injury, or death.
Basic Safety instructions
1. Always lockout power to any plant equipment before working on it.
2. Equipment that is de-energized can still retain residual energy, or may be susceptible to gravity or
other potential energy sources.
3. Keep away from power driven parts, even if they are not moving, unless they are locked out or
chained down.
4. Use extreme caution if you must approach running equipment.
5. Check that all fuel sources are shut off, and locked out prior to working on the burner.
6. All the drive guards, handrails, and other safety devices must be in place before starting the
equipment.
7. Prior to start up check that all plant components are in good working condition.
8. Never remove, disable, defeat, or bypass any safety device on this equipment.
9. Make no modifications to your PHOENIX Talon Burner without the recommendation or approval of a
representative of ASTEC Burner Group, Engineering, or Service Departments.
10. Account for all your personnel, on the jobsite, before plant startup.
11. Avoid wearing loose clothing, long hair, necklaces, neckties, or anything that could become entangled
in rotating machinery.
12. Never leave the control house unattended, while the plant is in operation.
13. To avoid engulfment by loose aggregate, never walk on the material stockpiles, or on the material in
the cold feed bins.
14. Never enter a potentially hazardous enclosed space, without an OSHA enclosed space permit
program in effect. (Contact ASTEC Parts Department for an outline of these requirements.)
15. Relieve internal pressure before working on any equipment containing high pressure.
16. Carefully vent any flammable gas using safety measures that will prevent ignition.
17. Thoroughly tighten all fittings before reapplying pressure.

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How to Recognize Shock
Shock is caused by a rapid loss of blood pressure, the symptoms include:
A rapid and weak pulse.
Rapid breathing.
A feeling of tiredness, or sleepiness.
Confused thinking.
Pale, cold, and sweaty skin.
First aid for shock:
Have the victim lie down, and remain quiet.
Elevate the victim’s feet, to improve circulation to the head and chest.
Cover the victim with a blanket to maintain body temperature.
Transport the victim to a hospital, medical clinic, or doctor’s office as soon as possible.
WARNING!
Carefully read the safety instructions in this operating and service manual. Follow all the safety
warning messages located throughout this manual.
Always lock-out power before working on any plant equipment.
To prevent serious bodily injury, do not operate any plant equipment with the guards or other safety
components removed.
Never repair this burner with replacement parts not approved by the manufacturer.
(Approved parts are only those available through ASTEC parts department, or any other parts
specifically approved by the ASTEC Burner Systems Group.)
These instructions are intended for use only by experienced and qualified personnel. (Qualified
personnel are those trained by ASTEC Burner Systems Group, or ASTEC’s Service Department.)
General Burner Information
The PHOENIX Talon is designed to provide maximum firing capability with a minimum of noise and
pollution.
With its compact flame shape, the PHOENIX Talon provides the ideal means for drying aggregate. The
flame shape is pre-set at the factory for the most efficient profile for your drum and burner configuration.
The PHOENIX Talon is a sealed-in combustion system that provides all the necessary combustion air.
This ensures that the combustion air, plus approximately 20% excess air, is available for efficient
operation at maximum capacities.
The Fuel/Air ratio is maintained throughout the burner's operating range with either mechanically or
electronically linked valves. Depending on burner configuration, the PHOENIX Talon will burn all
commercial grades of fuel oil, natural gas or propane. The gaseous fuels are burned as “Premix”. Fuel
gasses and air are premixed in the burner body, well upstream of the ignition point at the burner nose.
Being a Premix Burner enables the Phoenix Talon to operate more cleanly and quietly.
The burner provides a nominal 7:1 turndown from its maximum firing rate, providing efficient operation at
various production rates. In most cases the actual turndown available is somewhat higher (See the
Individual Burner Performance sheets).

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Receiving and Inspection
Upon receipt of the Burner:
1. Check each item on the bill of lading and/or invoice to determine that all the equipment that was
shipped has been received.
2. Carefully examine all of the equipment, assemblies and subassemblies to check if there has been
any damage in shipment.
3. If there are any damaged or missing parts, contact ASTEC Burner Systems Group for assistance.
(423-867-4210, or FAX [phone])
NOTE:
If the installation is delayed and the equipment is to be stored outside:
1. Provide adequate protection, as dictated by your climate and the period of exposure.
2. Special care should be given to all; motors, hydraulics, electrical parts, and bearings, to protect them
from rain, snow, or excessive moisture.
Burner Capacity
Table - 1 Burner Capacities
Notes: For Table-1
1. The maximum BTU/hour rating is based on 20% excess air.
2. The figures used in Table –1 are based on: 60Hz AC, and Standard Cubic Feet per Hour (SCFH), at
70F air temperature, at sea level.
3. Correction factors must be applied for altitude or temperature variations. (See Altitude Correction
Chart.)
4. Viscosity of the oil delivered to the burner at 220oF must be 80 SSU (maximum) or lower.
5. The system exhaust fan must have enough capacity to provide a slight negative pressure (0.20” to
0.30" water column) at the burner breech plate. (This will exhaust the products of combustion, and
prevent “puffing” at the breeching plate.)
6. The air flow in the PHOENIX Talon can be monitored using the pressure tap on the side of the burner
blower housing. (The air pressure for a given flow is in the individual burner capacity tables.)
7. The values of differential pressure versus flow is listed in the individual burner capacity sheets.
8. The air required to atomize the fuel is provided by compressed air during oil firing. (See note-4)
9. The gas flow in the PHOENIX Talon can be measured using the orifice plate provided in the gas line.
BURNER
MODEL
AIR
FLOW
SCFH
AIR
FLOW
SCFM
BURNER
BLOWER
HP
NATURAL
GAS
SCFH
OIL
FLOW
GPM
MAXIMUM
CAPACITY
BTU/HOUR
PT-50 660,000 11,000 40 55,000 6.5 55,000,000
PT-75 1,000,000 16,667 60 83,000 10 83,000,000
PT-100 1,284,000 21,400 75 110,000 13 110,000,000
PT-125 1,600,000 26,667 100 137,000 16 138,000,000
PT-150 2,000,000 33,333 125 165,000 20 165,000,000

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Combustion Flighting
1. The flight design in the combustion zone of the drum is especially important for minimizing flue gas
pollutant emissions.
2. The flights provide heat shielding to keep the drum skin temperature low. (Protecting the metal drum
skin from the flame radiating directly onto the drum.)
3. For the lowest possible emissions of CO and Total Hydrocarbons, the combustion zone must be clear
of veiling material. (Showering material through the flame is a common cause of incomplete
combustion.)
4. The combustion zone must be large enough to accommodate complete combustion. (The length and
diameter of the combustion zone must be large enough for the burner flame to fit inside. See the
Burner Performance Data Sheets for the flame dimensions.)
5. The combustion flights are designed to be self-cooling, to prevent their failure through overheating.
(A good combustion flight design plows most of the material over the fights, while allowing some to
flow under them next to the shell, insulating the drum from radiant heat, and using the aggregate to
cool the flights.)
6. The ASTEC Parts Department can supply combustion flights designed for your application.
Operation
1. The PHOENIX Talon utilizes a variable frequency drive (VFD) to control the combustion air blower.
2. The fuel valve(s) have independent control motors, or actuators. (There is no mechanical linkage
between the fuel and air controls.)
3. A programmable logic controller (PLC), or other ratio control system approved by ASTEC Burner
Systems Group, controls the air and fuel flows independently.
4. The combustion air blower pressure switch (normally open) must be made to prove the blower is
operating. (This pressure switch is usually set at 1/2” W.C. It will close as the air pressure exceeds
the set point.)
Note:
When the blower first comes on it will be turning slowly (about 240 RPM). This is a normal operating
condition.
5. The combustion air blower will adjust to high speed automatically.
6. These conditions must be met to initiate the purge cycle prior to lighting the burner.
a. The safety limit parameters must be satisfied.
b. The purge pressure switch (normally open) must be energized for the purge cycle to begin. (This
pressure switch is usually set at 10” W.C. It will close when the air pressure exceeds the set
close point.)
c. The plant flue gas exhaust fan must be confirmed to be running.
d. The purge timer must be set so that a minimum calculated volume of air flows through the drum
during the purge cycle. (The minimum purge time is the time required for this calculated volume
of air to flow through the heating chamber. This is usually 4 times the chamber volume.)
7. Before light-off, the combustion air blower must be set at the low-fire speed.
8. The low-fire combustion air pressure switch (normally closed) must make to prove that the blower is
at the low fire speed. (This switch is usually set at about 1-1/2” W.C. It will make as the air pressure
falls below the set point.)
9. For the light-off sequence to begin, the fuel valve(s) low fire switch must be made, to prove that the
fuel valve(s) are at the low fire position.

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Illustration 1
Illustration 2

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Illustration 3

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Adjustments
WARNING!
Because all combustion systems are inherently dangerous only qualified and experienced personnel
should attempt to start-up and adjust PHOENIX burner systems.
Qualified personnel are defined as those trained by the ASTEC Burner Systems Group, or ASTEC
Service Department.
Experienced personnel are defined as those who have previously fired an ASTEC Phoenix Burner, under
the supervision of the ASTEC Burner Systems Group, or ASTEC Service Department.
NOTE:
The fuel valves, fuel profile and air profile are pre-set at the factory to simplify burner and process set-up.
However, some adjustment will be required for operation.
1. See the complete Burner Performance Data Sheets for flows, operating pressures, and valve
positions. Data sheets are located inside the burner junction box. If data sheets are missing contact
ASTC Burner Group for a copy.
2. Set the fuel pressure, at the entrance of the burner fuel train, and the atomizing (compressed) air
pressure at the pressure listed on the Burner Performance Data Sheets.
3. Check the linkage settings (if applicable) to make sure they comply with the Burner Performance Data
Sheets. Adjust them if necessary.
4. Check the flue gas readings for O2 and CO.
a. On a DOUBLE BARRELdrum where there are minimal amounts of air leaking into the exhaust
system, a typical O2 level in the exhaust stack is 10.5 % at high fire.
b. The amount of CO should be less than 500 PPM referenced to 3% O2.
c. Higher CO can be caused by having either too much or too little combustion air (or a problem with
the combustion zone flighting).
5. Altering the fuel / air ratio of the burner requires care and expertise to prevent a dangerously rich
condition.
6. The best way to alter the fuel / air ratio is to alter either the air or fuel profile within the burner control
system.
7. A less preferred alternative is to vary the fuel pressure slightly.
8. Record any changes prior to running, on the Burner Adjustment Sheet found in Section-U, and retain
it in your records.
9. The spin vanes affect both flame shape and fuel mixing.
a. The spin vanes are preset at the factory, and are optimized for most situations.
b. The spin vanes are not designed to be field adjustable.
NOTE:
Take the flue gas measurements, during the adjustment process, to verify complete combustion.

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Burner Mounting
1. The centerline of the Burner should be mounted on the centerline of the drum, at the same pitch as
the drum.
2. Refer to the drawings located in burner junction panel for burner weight and dimensions.
3. For stationary breeching plates (i.e. not Double Barrel Drums) the burner comes with a split mounting
flange that can be bolted onto the drum breeching plate and welded to the burner nose.
4. The mounting flange allows the positioning of the burner at the correct insertion depth past the
breeching plate.
5. The insertion depth should be determined by the ASTEC Engineering Department at the time the
order is placed.
6. Cut out a hole in the breeching plate 2" larger in diameter than the burner nose flange.
7. Check burner blower rotation. Rotation should be clockwise from the motor end.
Burner Pilot System
The PHOENIX Talon incorporates a forced-air pilot system. The Pilot and the main flame are monitored
by a single Ultra Violet (UV) flame detector attached to the burner, and is included in the complete burner
package. The air for the pilot is provided from the burner blower, where there is positive air pressure. The
adjustment and operation of the pilot system is detailed below.
Illustration 4 - Pilot System

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Illustration 5 –Typical Pilot Gas Train
Adjustment and Operation of the Pilot System
1. Use Natural Gas (NG) or Liquid Propane (LP) vapor only to fuel the pilot.
WARNING!
Never connect the LP fuel line to the pilot from the bottom of the LP tank. LP would likely be sent to
the pilot, where it could quickly boil off, causing either an explosion or fire in the burner.
2. If natural gas is the primary fuel, the pilot fuel supply should be connected to the natural gas feed
piping, upstream of the main regulator.
3. If you will be firing using liquid fuels, and/or natural gas service is not currently available, connect the
gas feed piping to a LP vapor line. (See above warning.)
4. Purge the fuel piping of any contaminates before connecting it to the pilot assembly.
5. Size the pilot gas supply line to avoid an excessive pressure drop. (For a pilot gas supply line up to
50 feet long, use a minimum of 3/8" pipe.)
6. Gas pressures at the inlet of the gas pilot manifold can range from 2 to 40 psig.
7. The entire pilot/oil gun assembly can be removed from the burner by removing the bolts on flange at
the back of the burner, then pulling the assembly backwards.
8. Remove the spark plug wire boot, then the spark plug can be removed with a standard spark plug
socket.
The Initial Pilot Adjustment
1. Make sure the spark igniter is connected to the ignition transformer.
2. The initial recommended pressure setting is approximately 5” water column for vaporized propane,
10” water clumn for natural gas (at the test port).
3. At this rate the pilot should light the main burner easily, and deliver a sufficient UV flame signal.

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Natural Gas Fuel Piping System
Illustration 6 - Gas Train Components
1. Install a controlling gas regulator in the main gas line within 25 feet of the burner.
a. This regulator should be sized to provide the required gas flow at the inlet of the burner manifold.
b. See Table 5 for the nominal expected gas pressure required at the burner.
c. Exact gas pressure must be set at the initial start-up depending on piping configuration, burner
size, and maximum capacity desired.
2. The piping from the gas regulator outlet to the burner gas manifold should be sized to minimize
pressure losses.
3. The pipe size from the control regulator to the gas train, can be identical to the gas pipe size at the
entrance to the burner gas train, see tables below.
NOTE:
It is normal for the regulator size to be smaller than the line size.

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NOTE:
If the Gas run is more than 25’, use the connection size on the burner shown in Table-2 below.
Table 2 - Feed Pipe Size, for Gas Runs Over 25 Feet
NOTE:
If the Gas run is 25 feet or less. use the connection size on the burner shown in Table-3 below.
Table 3 - Feed Pipe Size, for Gas Runs 25 Feet or Under
4. The supplied manual shutoff valve, must be installed upstream of the gas control regulator.
a. The strainer protects the valves from destructive dirt that could lodge in them.
b. This shutoff valve facilitates servicing of the gas control train.
c. The Siemens gas valves have an integral strainer at the inlet of the valve.
5. The gas company should purge the main gas line for scale and dirt before it is attached to the burner
gas manifold.
NOTE:
Install the flexible fitting supplied with the burner gas manifold to reduce flexing of the manifold produced
by plant vibrations.
Table 4 - Recommended Pipe Nipple
Burner Model PT-50 PT-75 PT-100 PT-125 PT-150
Pipe Size
(Minimum Dia.)
4" 6" 6" 6" 8"
FEED PIPE SIZE, FOR GAS RUNS OVER 25 FEET
Burner Model PT-50 PT-75 PT-100 PT-125 PT-150
Pipe Size
(Minimum Dia.)
4" 4" 4" 6" 6"
FEED PIPE SIZE, FOR GAS RUNS 25 FEET OR UNDER
Burner Model PT-50 PT-75 PT-100 PT-125 PT-150
ASTEC
Part Number
076046 048292 048292 048292 048292
ASTEC PARTNUMBERS, FLEXIBLE PIPE NIPPLES

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Burner Model PT-50 PT-75 PT-100 PT-125 PT-150
Maximum
Capacity
55,000
Cu Ft/Hr 82,500 Cu Ft/Hr 110,000 Cu Ft/Hr 137,500 Cu Ft/Hr 165,000 Cu Ft/Hr
Gas Inlet
Pressure
4.3 PSI 5.3 PSI 4.5 PSI 7.6 PSI 7.2 PSI
Gas Inlet
Pipe Size
4" 6" 6" 6" 8"
NATURAL GAS REGULATOR REQUIREMENTS
NOTE:
The low and high gas pressure switches should be set just above and below the safe operating range of
gas inlet pressures respectively. This should be individually determined on each installation. Typically this
would be 50% of the running pressure for the low gas pressure switch and 125% of the operating
pressure for the high gas pressure switch.
Table 5 - Natural Gas Regulators
Illustration 7 - Regulator Requirements
6. The gas valve is close coupled to its actuator, eliminating all linkages
7. See individual burner performance sheets for air and gas flows. (See Detailed Burner Performance
Sheets)
8. Use the utmost care in making any adjustment to prevent an unsafe condition.
WARNING!
The settings in Table 5 are for the initial set-up only.
Final settings will have to be adjusted for the particular operating conditions.
Be sure not to have more fuel flow than there is combustion air available to burn, or "puffing", and
a dangerously rich firing condition could occur.

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9. Natural Gas flow is to be determined by the differential across the gas orifice plate, and can be
correlated to a gas flow using the provided Burner Performance Sheets located in the burner junction
box. (See Detailed Burner Performance Sheets)

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Oil Fuel Piping System
Illustration 8 - Oil Train (Heavy Oil Shown)

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Burner Model PT-50 PT-75 PT-100 PT-125 PT-150
Maximum
Capacity
6.5 GPM 9 GPM 13 GPM 16 GPM 19 GPM
Typical Gas Inlet
Pressure
90 PSI 84 PSI 122 PSI 100 PSI 104 PSI
Oil Inlet
Pipe Size
3/4" 3/4" 3/4" 1" 1"
OIL TRAIN SETTINGS
Burner Model 0' to 25' 25' to 49' 50' to 100' 0' to 25' 25' to 49' 50' to 100' 0' to 25' 25' to 49' 50' to 100'
PT-50 1" 1" 1" 1" 1" 1-1/4" 1-1/4" 1-1/4" 1-1/2"
PT-75
1" 1" 1" 1" 1-1/4" 1-1/4" 1-1/4" 1-1/2" 2"
PT-100
1" 1" 1-1/4" 1-1/4" 1-1/4" 1-1/4" 1-1/4" 1-1/2" 2"
PT-125
1" 1-1/4" 1-1/4" 1-1/4" 1-1/4" 1-1/4" 1-1/4" 2" 2"
PT-150
1" 1-1/4" 1-1/4" 1-1/4" 1-1/4" 1-1/2" 1-1/2" 2" 2"
Discharge Line In Feet,
Return Line In Feet,
Light Oil (Up to 100 SSU)
Return Line In Feet,
Heavy Oil (Over 100 SSU)
OIL LINE SIZES
Table 6 –Oil Train Settings
Table 7 –Minimum Oil Line Size for various lengths
1. For recommended pipe sizes, see Table - 7.
2. Before attaching the fuel lines, purge the piping to remove scale, dirt, and other contaminates that
could clog and damage the fuel system.
3. Adjust the pressure control valve until the required oil pressure is achieved. (See the Individual
Burner Performance Data Sheets for the approximate settings.)
4. Depending on the system design, the final pump pressure will have to be adjusted to attain the
desired burner output.
5. The low oil pressure switch is factory set at 30 PSIG.
6. The low oil pressure switch should be set about 10 PSIG lower than the actual pressure required
WARNING!
Fuel leaked from the oil piping presents an extreme fire danger.
7. Leak test the piping before start-up, then check for leaks daily.
8. The manual low fire bypass oil control valve is used to set and maintain the low fire oil flow at the
burner. (See the Individual Burner Performance Data Sheets for the low fire oil setting.)
9. The burner oil flow (metering) control valve range is usually set from position 0 to Position 12.
10. The high fire oil flow can be set by varying the fuel pressure, or by changing the valve profile in the
control system. (See the Individual Burner Performance Data Sheets for proper fuel flows.)
11. Oil flow rates can be checked with the inline oil flow meter in the fuel control valve train.
12. Oil flow rates can be confirmed using the nozzle pressure and the burner performance data sheet.
WARNING!
The settings are for the initial set-up only.
Final settings will have to be adjusted for the particular operating conditions.
Be sure not to have more fuel flow than there is combustion air available to burn, or "puffing", and
a dangerously rich firing condition could occur.

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Heavy Oil Fuel Piping System
WARNING!
Be very careful with Heavy oil:
Heavy oil has to be heated to lower its viscosity for proper atomization.
Do not heat the Heavy oil higher that it’s vapor point, to avoid fire.
Contact with the hot oil, or piping, can cause a severe burns.
Illustration 9 - Heavy Oil Piping Schematic
1. Your burner should fire on all commercially available heavy oils.
2. Proper fuel viscosity is required for satisfactory atomization and combustion of heavy oil.
a. The viscosity of the oil must be 80 SSU (Saybolt Seconds Universal), or lower.
b. Use the included Viscometer, (ships in 5 gallon bucket with burner), or other suitable device to
determine the proper oil temperature to achieve this viscosity.
NOTE: Every shipment of oil must be individually tested.
c. Check the fuel specifications to check the vapor point of the fuel.
d. For better combustion the viscosity can be lower than the 80 SSU maximum, which means a
higher oil temperature.
e. Never heat the oil above 220º F or 10º F below the vapor point of the fuel, whichever is lower.
f. The oil temperature switch must be adjusted to the minimum temperature for good atomization for
the particular oil being used.
NOTE: For heavier oils this setting will be hotter than the factory setting.
g. Make sure the fuel is not forming vapor (steam) pockets in the oil lines.
h. These vapor pockets can cause the pump to cavitate, causing damage to it.
i. Vapor pockets can also interrupt fuel flow causing the burner to falter.