Bertram 36' MOPPIE User manual

OWNERS MANUAL
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MODELi 36' MOPPIB
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OPERATOR'S MANUAL
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Beruam Orator's Manual
Table of Contents
I Forervord 1-l
2 Glossaries 24
3 Technical Data 3-15
o
Vessel SpcciEcations.. .. ...
lvlain En,sines and Transmi ssions
Engine Baaeries.........
Propelier Sbafu & Coupli.ngs
Diesel Generator .
3- 15
3-t6
.3-11
3-t7
3-17
3- l8
3-19
4-2.1
4-22
+22
PropeU6rs.
Fuet Remainins In Tanks
En_sine Room B lowen
B il_u: .{trd Sump Pumps
.3-r9
. '3-t9
o4 Equipment Location 4-20
. 4-20
. 4-21
. .l-21
. 4-?l
Ceneral . .
Fue[ Sysrem
Fresh Warer Sysrem
Showcr Sump Sysrem . .
B iJge Pump System
B iowen
Ai r Condirioning System
lvlonitor SysteEs (except fire extiaguishing). . .
Frle System
Toilet System.
Barreries
Ensines & A.C. Generator
5 Carbon Nlonoxide (co) Gas
. 4-23
. 1-23
. 4-23
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TOC 30 gerfam yacht lnc.
5-24
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6 Fire.\Ioiritor And Ertirguishing S-vsterns 6-26 o
Cencral ..
Engine Room Fire llonitor tOverheat Detcction) Sysam . . .
Enginc Room Frxcd Fi-re Exrioguisher System. .
Sl srenr Opention
Afier Discharge of the Fire Sysem . . . . .
lnspecrion and Resarting Boat Syssems .
Fired Fire Exr. llailtcoarce ... ....
L sing rhe Ponable Fire Extinguishers . .
Classes of Fires
The Fre Fightiag Plan
Fire Or Emergency Evacuation Pla:r
7 Engine Control Stations & \Ianeuvering
Gencnl .........
Conrrol Srarions . .
Ccneral ...
\ar igarion and Ensinc Control SBdon . . . .
Spcj.l .\oJ \lrncuveri-o;- Coorrols. .
Gcncnl .
Thronle Controls . .
Fonr ard;Neuo-ai Rer esc Traosmission Conrol . . .
Boat Spe:d
Nlaneuvering . .. .
Slow Speed Maneuvering. . . . .
Cruising Speed \laneuvering. .
E Propulsion S1-stem
Genera.l .
Propulsion System Care. . .
The Dieset Engines -.....
Diesel Engi-ne Operadon ..
Prep:ui-ng To San the N[aia Diesel Engi-nes
Diesel Eoghe Srani-ng Procedurea
.\trer rhe Diesel Eogine Stans . . . .
Sroppi-ng rhe tlrin Diesel Eoginis.
....6-26
....6-)7
....6-2S
....6-29
-.. . . 6-30
....5-31
...7-36
.-. /-Jo
6-3?
6-32
6-13
6-33
6-34
't -36
. 6-35
7-36
. .7 -36 o
7 -31
't -37
7-38
7 -38
7-38
7 -39
E-40
..;840
...841
. . .842
8-40
842.
842
IOC-l Bertam Yach! lnc.
. . .843
. . .844
30,135
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Casoline Engine Opemion . .
Casoline Engine Suning Procedure
After rhe Enginc Suns. . . .
Sropping the Ilain Casoline Engincs . .
Gasoline Fueliog [nsructions
Feclenl Safety Regulatioos for Gasoline Powercd Vessels
Ignirion Pmrecrion
!lainrenance, Rcpairs. and lvtodificrtions
Fuel System .....
General. . . .
8 -44
8J.r
8 -.16
8-.16
8{7
8-48
8-.r8
8-49
8-50
8-50
8-50
8-50
8-51
8-51
8-52
8-52
E-52
8-55
8-55
8-55
8-56
8-57
8-57
8-58
I -58
8-58
8-i8
8-58
E-59
8-59
E-59
8-59
8-59
8-60
8-61
8-53
8-63
8-63
8-54
8-65
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Fuel Filtering
Fuel Frll Pon
Fuel Gallonage & Gauge.....
Diesel Engir:e Air Sysrem
Airsep Frlters
Egginc Lubri:atir,n S1-scm . .
Engine Cooling
Ccncnl. .
Diesel Fresh \\'ater and A-oti-freeze Nlirrue
Searr.rrcr lnlct S;-,stenl ......
Diesel \\'e t Erhausr S;-srem
\[arine Gears .
Cencral. .
Opcradoo.
Propel.lers.
Fuel Qualiry
Spoiied Fuel
General. . . .
Changing Prcpelles
Propeller Sbafu
GenenI
Propeller lnsullarion
Propeller Shaft AJignme ....
Parallel or BoIE !tisaligment.
Angular or Face Misalipment
.A,llowable Angu.la, or Face MisaliSnaeor .
Pmpcller Shan Replac:oent. . . . . . . . .
Coupling Removal. . .
Coupliog Insrallaciou. . . .
Sbati Log And Sruffitrg Box....... .
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Thc Shaft t g.....
Srutfrng Boxes
Repacking a Srulfilg Box . .. .
Shltt Log Spnyshichl
Rurldcr Srutliog Boxes. . .
Engine Perfonnanci Gauges & llooilor System
Cenenl
Engine Performance Gauces
Engine Coolaor Temperarure Cauges .. .. .
Engiae Lube Oil Prcssure Gauges....... .
D.C. !'oluge Gauge
The Tacbometer
Engine Performance Ntooitor SysteD .
Eugfu e llonitor Operadon-
EDgine lltoniror Trouble Sboodag .
General .
Barrcry Banlcs.
D.C. Polver Disrriburion .....
D.C. Ilarn Suppt.v Panel
D.C. Distnbudon Paoet
D.C. Equipmenr Pror:cdon ...
Ba(.ry Disconnecr Swirches. .
Bartery Paralleling Slsrem. . . .
...8-65
...8-65
...8-66
...8-66
. .. 8-66
9'61
... . 8-67
...8-68
...8-68
...8-68
...8-68
...8-68
o
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8-69
9 D.C. Etectrical System. .'. ... . .....9-72
...8-69
...8-70
. ..9-72
o-71
o_1)
. . .9-72
...9-73
...9-73
. . .9-73
. . .9-14
l0 A.C. Electrical System . ... -.. .. 10-75
General .
. . L0-76
. . L0-76
.. lb-76
. . t0-76
l0-75
l0-75
l0-76
l0-75
t0-77
t0-77
l0-78
A.C. Distriburion Panel
\Shore-Generaror Power Selector .
Shore Power Polariry LiChts. .. .
. Generaror Conrots (with optional gencraror)
Circuit Disuibutiou .......
Loss of Power.
.A..C. 6eneraror System (Opdoral)
Beforc Saning rhe generator.
Srudng rhe Cenentor (Nonhem Ligha). . . .
Toc-4
Stopping the Geoerator. . . .
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A.C.ShorcPower.....
Ciruir Prore;rion .. ...
aCround Fuult Cir:uir Inremrpters (C.F.C.l.)
Gencral. .
CFCI Oudet Operation
lnrernatiooal Shoe Power. . . .
Auromaaic CorNeneni... ....
Galvanic [solator. . . .
11 Air Conditioning System
l0-78
l0-79
r0-80
l0-80
l0-80
t0-8 t
t0-8 r
r0-81
l1-83
ll-83
r t-83
I l-83
I t-83
I l-8.1
12-85
r', a<
I t-87
D-87
l t-88
r2-88
l]-88
Ceneral. .
t-
Condensing Unirs
Air Condirioning Control .....
Seawater Cooling System . . .. .
Air Condidonhg Operarion. . . .
(-. 12 Toilet (Head) Sr-stem
Gcneral. .
Toilet Systcm Op:ration
tnside U.S. Tcmtorial Wates .
Ouside U.S. T:nirorial lvate$
Flushing.
Holding Tanl llonitor & Pump-out . .
l3 Fresh lVater System Snmp Pnmp.
Ceneral.........
Fresh Water Talk
Warer Pump
Water Heater
Sbower Sump (Gray Warer Ta.ok) & Pump
Cdlcy Sink And t-avarory Sio-k . . . .
Dockside Warer Supply.
o
......11-89
.... l3-E9
.... 13-90
.... 13-91
13-89
t3-E2
.. l3-9t
. . r3-v2
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Beruam Oerator's Manual
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Ccncral . .
B ilge Pump Locarions
Bilge Pump Sysrem Operarioo.
fump llainenance
a.
t{-93
l.l-9.1
l4-94
l.r-9{
l5-95
t5-95
t6-97
l7 General IlainteDance
Ventilation Sysams
General ..--
Engine Compar:rmenr Vendlation
Stateroom VEntilation . . -. .. .. ,
. .. . 15-95
. .. . 15-96
16 S-vstems & Accessories
General . .
Se:rwarer Washdown Sysrem (Optiooal). . . . .
Descriprion.
Seawarer Washtown System Operatign
Windlass (optiooal) . .
General ......
Operarion....
S wimming Plartbrm. .
Searchlighr (Oprional)
5a'. igarir.:n And Runnin_s Lighs . . .
Bow Docking Li-vhrs (oprional)
Srceri-ng Conrrol System ......
The Trim Tab Coorrols .......
Trim Tab lvlai-atenaoce
. . . t6-97
. . . t6-97
. . . 16-91
.. . t6-98
... 16-98
.. . 16-98
.. . t6-98
. . . t6-99
o
r6100
l6- t00
t 6- t0l
16101
. . t6.tg2
. . t6104
r7-r05
Battery Care . .
Disrilled Wacr
Filling Procedurc .......
Excessive [,oss of Uquid .
Barrery Gases - Explosive Hazard
Spillcd Banery.{cids... .......
l7-105
l7- 105
r 7- t05
l7- 105
t 7- 106
r 7- 106
t7-LW o
Toc-6
Diesel Fuel
Berram Yacht lnc. 30/35
l{ Bilge Pump S_vsiems .....1{-91
15 Ventilation Systems ..... lS-95
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Berram Oe rator's Manual
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Elccrrical Repairs. . .
Coekpir Hatch Dog Adjusmrcnt
oNonfibcrglass Plasrics . . .
Cc neral
.Acrylic.
ABS Ptastics
Oil or Fuel-Soak:d Rigs & wipes.
C revice Corrosion
Galvanic Conosiotr. ......
Calvanic & Stray Currcnt Bonding (Goundiog) System
lE Fiberglass Care. . .1E-112
t7-t01
t7.t08
t7-109
l7- 109
l7-109
t 7-l r0
r7-l l0
t7-t t0
17-l t t
17-lIt
lE-l 12
r8-l l2
l8-l t2
l8-l r3
ls-l t3
l8- I r{
r8-r l{
t8-t l4
t8- I r5
r8- r l5
t9-r 16
r9-r l6
l9- l l6
l9-l l7
t9- r r7
t9-t l8
r9-r r9
l9- t 20
l9- l l0
t9-t22
r9-r23
Seasooal Carc (a! fining out dme).
Loss of Gloss . .
' Srairs
I Scnrches & Abnsion-s. . . .
Painring Fibcrglass Surtaces. ... ,
Bo(ro .{nd-tbu[DgPaint.......
General. .
Before .\ppltiog And-Fouliog Paht. .
Borrom Blisrers
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19 General Subjects 19-116
General. -
Hull Efliciency
Atmospheric Conditioos . .....
lvlarineGrowth....
Warcr In Tbe Bilge .
Damaged Underu ater Equipment
D rati
Height .
Compass .19-tr8
IGeneral . .
Compass Construction. .... .
Compass Enor
Trip Preparadoo.........
Thc FishingTo*er . -....
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General..
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Berram Oe ra tor'S lvlanual
Propeller Haznl. . . t9-t24
.. r9-t2.r
\\'l'lcn Undcrway
Preparatioos For Rough Wea&cr. . .. . . .
Thi Bcautbn Scalc Ot Wind Forcc . . . . .
Running AgrouDd.
Recorrmendatioas For Refl oating Vessel
Flosun lfloaring Dcbrist. . .
Vibrations.......
Towing.........
General . .
Persoonel Safery. . .
Use Of Personal Flotation Dcvices . .
Ring Buoy
Radios As Einergeocy Equipment . . . .
Visual Distrcss Signals
Calling Ar Porrs Away From Home
tJaving YourBenram.......'...
r9-t25
t9-t27
t9-121
t 9- t28
t9-LZ9
t9-t29
t9-t?t
t9-129
r 9- 130
l9-130
l9-131
l9-l3l
t9-132
t9-132
r 9- r33
20- r34
:0-134
tG. t34
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20Diagpams. 'r...,. ""20-134
Dockiag Plan
Elecrical Drawings .. . . .
\1ec banical tlorv Diagrams
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Toc-8 BBrtram Yacht lnc. 30/35 <t.
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Berram Oerator's Manual
1Foreword
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NOTES:
Do not attempt to operate this vessel until .vou are thoroughly familiar
with the contents of this manual and all of you.r vessel's on-board s.)stens.
Included in this manual are the appropiate waraings, cautions, operat-
ing, and some maintenance informationfor your Bertram's on board
slsterns . Additional maintenance information for fhe systems is placed on-
board under separate cover,
The information contained in this manual is general to both gasoline and
diesel powered boats unless otherwise stated.
Congratulations !
Your Berrram's unique design and the care taken'in its manufacturing mean
it should give you oustanding performance and.many years of boating
pleasure. Your Benram is' built of the finest materials. hand crafted to
Benram's demanding quality srandards. It is factory tested ard thoroughly
inspec ted.
As durable as it is, your Bertram will benefit from reasonable care. A boat
is a complex mechanism, and it will require 'preventive and corrective
mainrenance. minor adjustmens, and repairs. This operator's manual helps
explain rhe operation and required maintenance of the many systems on your
boat.
The bener you understand your Bertram, the more pleasure you will get from
it. We recommend that you read this manual thorough.ly and keep it on board
for reference. Ifany poins are not clear, your Bertram dealer will be glad to
ass ist you.
' This manual is not intended to replace years of boating experience or the
excellent classes on safe boating taught by the U. S. Coast Guard Auxiliary
and the U.S. Power Squadron. We have included material that covers some
aspects of safe boating, but we urge you to uke a safe boating course, and
ro stay current oo navigation and safe boating practices.
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CFORE 30 Bertam YachL lnc Page 1
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Beruam Oe rator's Manual
About Your Ves se l's Documentation
This manual conains rhe following information:
. glossaries oi nautical, wave, and weather terms,
. technical spec itications,
. equipment descriptions,
. service information; and,
. supplemenBry illusrations including the docking plan and
elecrical and mechanical drawings :
ln addition, you will find:
. an envelope containing important warranty information;
. a package containing userrs manuals and operating instructions
supplied by the manufactr:rer of each major mechanical,
elecnical. and comfort equipment component.
Please open the Wananry Materials envelope immediately, t'ill ciut the
warranty cards and serid rhem in. This will help you get service rapidly and
etticiently. Nlanufacturers need your warranry cards !
The user's manuals will help you to get 3 better understanding of the systems
on your Benram and horv they operate. They will also be extremely valuable
to the techn.icians who service your Benram.
Warnings Cautions and Nores
Throughout this manual you will find special information in the form of
warnings, cautions., and no(es. These are intended to alen you to possible
dangers to yourself, the crew or passengers, and/or to your vessel. Read
these special information item,s car'efully.
' Just reading a warning or a caution note within a box will not eliminate the
danger(s). Pay close attenrion to th-ese warnings, and exercise "good seaman-
ship." YOU are the most important factor in preventing accidents.
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P age 2Bertram YachL lnc. FORE 30
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IWABNI]NG
Bertram Oe ra tor's Manual
Here is the tbrmat tbr the Warnings, Cautions and Notes you will see in this
Failure to heed a WARNING may result in death or serious injury
CAUTION
Failure to heed a CAUTION may result in injury and/ordamage to the vessel.
NOTE:
A note is intended to emphasize
imponant info rmation.
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If your Benram is tobe operated in waters regulated by the U.S. Coast Guard,
rhere are cenain requirements you must meet. These are discussed in the
Coast Guard publication Federal Requirements for Recreational B.oats'.
Some - but not all - of rhe items you are required to carry :ue furnished
as sandard equipment on your vessel.
NOTE.
Lr.S. Coast Guard regulations state that it is the responsibiliry of the ves'
sel ovvner to be sure all required equipment is on board and in proper
working order.
A Few Words Ahout Maintenance
Some of the of,-board systems and equipnrnt require schedule d preventive
mainlenance that may not be covered in this manual. We suggest that you
consult the included equipment manufacturer's manual and your deaier for
required scheduled maintenance.
Your Benram dea.ler'is trained to help you, and our factory service repre-
sentatives are available to assist him if needed.
We wish you many years of pleasurable yachting with your Benram'
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FORE 30 BerEam YachL lnc. Page 3
U.S. Coast Guard Regulations
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Bertram Oe rator's Manual
Glossaries
t
There are three Glossaries included here for
your reference.
The first covers terms and definitions pecu-
liar to Yachting.
The second explains terms used to describe
Waves.
The third covers terminology used in de-
scribing Weather.
These 'glossaries are not comprehensive.
For additional information, we recommend you
refer to sources such as Chapman's Piloting,
Seamanship and Snwll Boat Handling,' DeKer-
chove's Internattonal Maitime Dictionary;
and the wide variety of U.S. Coast Guard Aux-
iliary and U.S. Power Squadron pirbticarions.
Yactiting Terms
oAbaft. Closer to the bacA of rhe vessel. The
rransom is said to be abaft the cabin.
Abeam. Alongside; directly offone side ofthe
vessel.
Above. Higher in the vessel. To go up to th€
nexr deck in a vessel is to go above.
Adapter. A coupling or device that permits
fiuings ol different sizes to be joined.
Aft. Toward the stern.
After End. The stern.'
After Peak. The eompanment funheslaft.
Aftermost. Nearest the stern.
Aground. Stuck fast to the bottom.
Ahead. Fonvardt when the vessel is goilg
ahead, it is moving forward.
Aloft. Above rhe deck; if you go up i mast or
into the rigging. you are going aloft.
Amidship or Admidships. tvlidway between
the bow and stem. or midway benr een the
pon side and the sarboard side.
Ampere. The. s tandard unit used to mEasue
the strength of an electrical current. Abbre-
viated "Amp'' or "A '.
Anchor. A mechanical device used - with an
a-ochor line - to hold a vessel in a desired
position.
Anchor Line. The line connectiag a vessel to
its ancbor. It may be all rope, all chain, or
rope and a length of chain..
Anchor Rode. See Anchor Line.
Anchor Ball.'A black, circular, day signal
-hoisted to show that a vessel is anchored.
Replaced at dusk by rhe anchor light.
Astern. Toward the stern; abaft.
Athwartships. Along a line running perpen-
dicular to the keel.
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Glossary Berfam l3gh! lnc. P age 4
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Berfam Oerator's Manual
.2
at
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Break Out. Take out of srorage and prepare
lor use.
Bridge. The main operational control centei
.oI a ]essel.
Broach. To be throrvn broadside into the
trough of waves out of eft'ective control.
Eulkhead. An interior wall or panilion.
B ulwark. Portion of the hull exrending above
the deck.
Camber. Transverse (athwarshiPs) curyature
of rhe deck.
Capstan. A machine, similar to a winch but
with a vertical axis, that moves a cylindrical
device (called a "-sypsy') on a shaft for
hauhng up an anchor.
centerline. The tbre-and-aft line ai the mitl-
dle of rhe vessel.
Chain Locker. See Rope Locker. Space or
companment where anchor line is stowed.
Chine. The line rvhere the bottom of a vessel
meets the side. If rhis turn is rounded, it is
a "soft" chine. If the tum is squared off, it
is a "hard" chine. i ;
Chock. L A fitting or hole in a railing or deck
through which a mooring or anchor rode
runs; 2. a wedge used to secute something
in place.
Circuit Breaker. A circuit protection device
used to interuPt an electrical circuit when
the current t'low exceeds a preset level... -.
cleat. A double ended deck fitting to which
lines are secured.
coaming. Raised tip around a hatch' intended
to keep water from coming in through the
hatchwaY.
cockpit. An exposed deck area (usually aft)
that is substantially lower than the vessel's
adjacent weather deck.
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Page 5Bertam Yach! lnc.
Banen. A srrrp or *ood or meral used to se-
cure arpaulinrs,t in place over a hatch.
Batten Dovvn. To secure tbr rough weather.
Beam, 1. The widest disance across a-vessel
tiom the buside skin on one side to the
outside skin on the other: 2. A transverse
sructural member rthat stiffens and sirp-
pons a portion of the deck.
Beam Wnd. A wind blowing from the side of
the vessel. approximately perpendicular to
the longitudinal a.ris of the vessel.
B elay. l. To make fast or secure, as to belay a
line; 2. to cancel or stop an action, as 'tselay
thar last order".
Below. Lower in the vessell to go below is to
go to a lorver deck or go into the cabh.
Bend. A tr pe ofknor.
Bilge. The lorvest interior area of a hull, used
to collect lvater that seeps or leaks in. ',
Bilge Pump. A pump intended to remove
spray. rainwater. and rhe normal accumula-
tion of w'aier due to seepage and spillage; it
is nor inrended tbr damage control.
Binnacle. The stand or suppon tbr a magnetic
compass.
Bitter End (of the line). 1. The last part of a
rope or chain; 2. the inboard end of the
anchor rode.
B ollard. A single post on a dock, pier, or wharf
used to secure a vessel's lines.
Bonding. l. Etecricalty connecting €xposed,
meallic, non-current-car-ving pans to the
main engine block; 2. cementing together,
as with an adhesive.
Bow. The front end ofa vessel.
Bonom. The ponion of the hull below the
bilge.
GlossarY
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Bertram e ra tor's Manual
"*
aCompanionway. The steps or ladder leading
downward ttom a deck.
Compartment. A subdivision of space qr
room in a vessel.
Covering Board. The top surtace of the sides
and nansom on a '" essel.
Co vr,{. A bell-shaped air tunnelor scoop, pro-
jecting above the deck or deckhouse of a
vessel, used for venttlation.
Cradle. A frame or suppon tbr moving a ves-
sel when it is out of the water.
Dead Ahead. Directly in tront of the vessel is
dead ahead.
Dead Reckoning. A navigational technique
that measures from a lasr known ro the
present estimated pbsilon based on time,
speed. and direction. Abbreviared DR.
Deck. The tloor in a "essel.
Dinghy: A smalI boat (less rhan 20 feet) used
in mor ing betrveen ship and shore.
Dishwater. Liquid residue tiom the manual or
automatic w'ashing of dishes and cooking
utens ils.
Displacement. The w erghr of rvarerdisplaced
by the vessel's hull.
Displacement Hull. A hull that displaces a
volume of water equa.l to the weight of the
vessel at all times. Such a hull is designed
to run in the waler rather than on top of the
water as does a planing hull. When'a dis-
placement hull moves *rrough the water, it
pushes the water out of its way. The water
tlows around the hull and t'i.lls the "hole"
the vessel leaves astern.
Dock. A pier or wharf to which vessels are
moored.
Oocumented Yacht. A vessel of t'ive or more
ner tons thar is ow'ned by a United States
citizen. is used exclusivelv tor pleasure,
and has valid marine documenution issued
by rhe U.S. Coasr Guard. A documented
1'achr does nor show srare identificarion .
numbers.
Oog.A small metal tlning (clamp) used to :
secure (close) ports, hatches and doors.
Dog Down. To tighen the dogs or clamps on
a pon, harch, or door.
Doors. Access ways through bulkheads are
doors. Doors may or may not be watenight.
Draft. l. The depth ofa vessel trom rhe acrual .
waterline ro the bottom of the vessel's low-
esr pan (e.g., the propeller rip or rudder); 2.
the depth of water necessary to tloat a ves-
sel. Draft may vary wlth vessel loading and
may vary- in similar vessels dependine on
equipment installed.
Drift. The speed o+ a current measured in r
knots.
oDunnage. Cargo associated waste.
Dye Marker. A brightly colored chemical rhat
spreads when release4 in water to attract.
attention. as to a man olerboard.
Evaporator. That pan oi a retiigerarrng (air
conditioning) device where the liquid re-
tiigeranr is evaporared to absorb heat and
produce cooling.
Even Keel. To be floating evenly without list-
ing (leaning) to eifier side.
Exhaust System. The means by which the '
hot engine or geneiator exhaust gases are
moved from that engine to an outboard
rerminus and released into the atmosphere.
Fathom. Six feet.
Fender. A device (usually ofrubber orplastic)
placed to absorb the impact of conract be-
tween vessels or between a vessel and the
dock.
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Berfam Oerator's Manual
Fiberglass. Fibei reintbrced plasric (FRP).
Fish. A zinc plate. low'ered overboard, used to
reduce corros ion.
Flare. [. The outboard curve of the hull as it
comes up the side ttom the waterline, the
reverse oiTumble Home;2. a pyrorechnic
device, usually rocket propelled, used for
emergency signaling at sea.
Flat. A small. panial deck. built to suppon a
piece of equipment or machinery.
Flemish. To coil down a line on deck in a flat,
circular, concentric amngement.
Flotsam. Floating wreckage or trash.
Flybridge (flying bridge). A steering and
speed control sEtion locarcd above the
Following Sea. Waves moving in the same
general direction as your vessel. .
Fore-and-Aft. In line with the longitudinal
ce nterline of a vessel.
Forefoot. The tbr'* ard pan of a vessel's keel
rhat curv'es up*'ard to meet the stem.
Forward. Tow ard the borv.
Frame. A built up rib rhat suppons the deck
and hull and gives the vessel ransverse
srengrh.
Freeboard. The height of a vessel's deck
above the water line.
Galley. The kitchen or food preparation area.
Galvanic Corrosion. Corrosion that results
t'rom the difterence in electrical potential
between dissimilar metals immersed il a
conductive solution (such as salt water). If
the metals touch or are otherwise elecri-
cally connected, th'e difference in porential
produces an eleckon flow between them.
This resuls in gradual desruction of the
less-corros ion-resistant meal.
carbage. Kinds of tbod, cargo and irainre-
nance wasre. ashes or ctinkers. and domes-
ric wasre (rrash).
Gasket. .A srip of sealing' marerial,. usually
. rubber or rubber-like materiil, set along the
edge of a water,/gas tight door. port, or
harch.
celcoat. The thin finish layer of pigmented
plastic govering a fiberglass vesse,l.
Gland. The movable part ot: a stufting box
which, when tightened, compresses the
packing.
Graywater. Drainage from a dishwasher,
shower, laundry, bath, and washbasin.
Ground (electrical). The electrical potential
of rhe eanh's surface, which ls zero.
Ground Speed. A vessel's speed over the
1anh.'s'surface. '
G rou nd Taclile. A general tei'm for the an-
chor, anchor lines, and orher fittings uSEd
to secure a vessel at anchor.
G unwale. l. The line where the an upper deck
. and the hull meet; 2. the upper edge of a
vessel 's s ide.
Halyard. A light line used to hoist a t'lag or
pennant.
Hatch. I . An opening in the deck or sole that
forms an entrarce to a compartmeDt (also
called a hatchuray); 2. a cover for a hatch.
Haldtop. A permanent cover over the cabin.,
above the main deck; the deck of the fiy-'
bridge.
Head. A shipboard toilet or lavarory area
whiih may or may not include a shower.'
Heading. . The direction that a vessel is pointed
' with reference to true, magnetic, or com-
pass nonh.
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Headway. The ionvard morion oi a vessel
rhrough the rvater.
Heavy Weather. Stormy weather !r irh high
seas and high winds- r
Helm. The appararus by which the vessel is
s teered.
Helmsman. Sreersman; the one who is at the
helm steering the vessel.
Hitch. A type of knot.
Hull. The body ofa vesseI including the she[[,
framing, decks, bulkheads, s unchions,
keel, and floors.
lnboard. l. From eithersidgof avessel to the
fore-and-ati centerline:2. the dock side of
a moored vessel.
lnland Rul6s: Nautical "Ru les-of-rhe-Road "
that apply in U.S. lakes, rivers, and coastal
w aters -
lnternational Rules. Naulical "Rules-of-the-
Road" rhar apply by inrernational agree-
menr ro rhe high seas.
Jetsam. Refuse that sinks rvhen throrvn over-
board.
Kedge. An anchor set out from a grounded
vessel, usually astern, to ( l) keep her from
being driven funher aground and (2) assist
in refioating her.
K eel. The main centerline structural member
rqnning fore and aft along the bottom of the '
vessel: the backbone.
K not. I . A maritime unit of speed equal to one
nautical mile (6,080 feeQ per hour. as com-
pared to a satute mile (5,280 fee0; 2. a
collective term tbr hitches and bends.
Ladder. Sreps or sairs.
Latitude. Angular distance ori the eanh's sur-
tace nonh or south of the equaror, measured
in degrees. miiutes, and seconds.
Lazarette. Storage compantnent cur inro rhe
deck at the srern.
Leadline. A seiehred lrne used ro take deprh
measuremenLs.
Lee. The direction away from thatof the wind;
the downrr'ind side.
Leeward. Arvay t'rom the wind; downwind.
Length at Water Line (LWL). The length of a
vessel measgred at the water Iine from bow
ro srern. This dimension changes depend-
ing on how high or low a vessel is riding in
the water.
Length over all (LOA). A vessel's straight
line lengrh trom bow to stern. This dimen-
sion does not change regardless ofhow a
vessel rides in the w'ater.
Limber hole. _Drainage hole tbr bilge water
along the keel and srringers.
List. Incline ro porr or srarboard.
Longitude. Angular distance on the eanh's
surt'ace east or west of a ret'erence line (the
' prime meridian) passing through Green-
' ivich, England. Longitude is measured in
degrees, minures. and seconds.
Longitudinal. Lengthwise; running along the
length of the vessel.
Lubber Line. A mark or line on the compass
parallel to the keel and indicating forward.
Mast. A pole or tube used to support lighs,
. . iadar devices. flags. etc-
Main Deck. The principal and highest deck of
rhe hult.
Midship. l. Aligned wirh the longitudinai axis
of fte vessel, as "Rudder is midship."; 2. at
the center of the vessel.
lVto,1rr. To anchor or secure a. vessel with
chain(s) or line(s) to shore, a dock, a buoy,
etc.
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Bertram oerator's Manual
Mooring Bitt. Standards. placed in pairs, to
*hich mooring lines are made tast.
Mooring Line. The Iine with *[tich-a"'esset is
secured to a mooring place.
Navigation Lights. A set of red. green, andA
or white lights irhich must be sholvn by all
vessels between dusk and dawn to show
course. size, and position. They are re-
quired unless moored or at anchor in a
recog nized anchorage.
Overhead. A vessel's ceiling or roof.
outboard. l. From the fore-and-aft centerline
of a vessel toward either side; 2. the sea-
ward side of a moored vessel.
Overboard. Over the side ofa vessel, usually
inro the water. ".
Passageway. A conido? or hallway. .
Pilaster. A recangular strucrural suppon col-
umn w'hich is an extension of the pon and
starboard aft cabin sides and rvhich sup-
ports rhe hardrop and the tlybridge.
Pitch. l. The venical (up and down) motion of
a vessel's bow in a seaway, abour the ath-
ri'arships aris: l. the axial advance oI a
propellor during one complete re!olution.
P itc hpolin g. Tipping end overend atler strik-
ing an obstruction or running down a wave
and burying the bow;somersaulting.
Planing Hull. A hull designed to ride on top
of the water at cruise. At slow speeds, a
planing hull will displace water,the same as
a displacement hull. At higher speeds, a
planing hull lifu up onto the water's sur-
tace, as a hydroplane, shonening the water
line length and reducing drag.
Port. The left side o[ a vessel (looking for-
ward).
Port B eam. The leti cenrer of a vessel.
Port Bow. The tbrward lettareaof the vessel.
Port Ouarter. The leti rear area of the vesse[_
Pounding. The acrion of uaves as they re-
pearedly rarse a grounded vessbl and drop
it against die seabe{, a.reef, etc.
Propeller. The screw-like revolving device
that drives the vessel through the water.
Propeller Action. The force exerted by the
propeller. The tbrce causes displacement of
water and pushes the vessel ahead. A pro-
peller creates a suction screw current and a
discharge screw culTent.
Pulpit. An extension on the bow, originally
used ro iupport a harpooner; in pleasure
vessels, used primarily to ease anchoring.
Riser. A two-elbow angular pipe connected
to the engine's turbo outlet to prevent water
tiom the exhausr enlering the engine.
Rope Locker. Space or compartment where
the anchor line is srorved.
Rudder. A movable. vertical t'in exending
into the water at the stern of a vessel, used
for steering. tr
Salon (Saloon). The main social cabin on a
vessel. usually the largest area, somettmes
called the deckhouse.
Scupper. A drain from the edge of a deck,
discharging overboard.
Seacock. A positive action shut-off valve
connecred directly to the hull seawater in-
rake and discha'fge piPing.
Secure. To t'asten down.
Shaft. The cylindrical member that connects
the engineitrans missior to the propeller.
Shaft L og. A reinforcing strucrural memberat
the hull bonom where the propeller shaft
pe nerates the hull.
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Berram Oerator's Manual
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oSheer. The rop oi rhe hull's curvature at the
deck line.
S heer Strake, The upper edge of the hull,just
below the deck.
Shoal. An area of shallow water.
Silencer. A specialty designed batfled cham-
ber installed in an exhaust system to reduce
noise; a muffler.
Sole. Small boat term for deck, as in'tabin
sole".
Stanchion. A vertical structural support
member berween decks.
Starboard. The right side ofa vessel (looking
forward). ' i !
Starboard Beam. The right-center of a ves-
sel.
Starboard Bow. The lroric right area of aves-
sel.
Starboard O,uarter. The right rear area of a
vesse l.
Steerageway. The lowest speed at which a
vessel can steer.
Stem. The extreme leading edge of a vessel's
hull.
Stern. The back of a vessel is the stem.
Strainer. A coane filer used to keep objects
out of an intake pon (such as the cooling
water intake).
Stringer. A fore ahd aft cortinuous merirber
used to give a vessel longirudinal strength.
Strut. A propeller shaft suppon that hangs
below the hull.
Stuffing box. Device to prevent leakage
around a moving pan (such as a Propeller
shati or a rudddr shaft) that passes through
a hole in the vessel; it conains stuffing
material and a packing gland.
Sump. A pit or well into wltich warer drains
(i.e.. the shower sump or englne room
sump).
Sump Pump. A pump inended to remove rhe
water collected in a sump.
, Superstructure. Structures exrending above
the weather deck.
Tide. The alternate rise and tall of the surface
of oceans, seas, and thd bays, river, etc.
' connected with them, caused by the arrac-
tion of the moon and sun. The tide occurs
twice in each 24 hours and 5l minutes
(lunar day). During its rise, tide is called
flood tide , and during its fall, ebb tide.
Toirside. Above decks. To go up to the top
deck in a vessel is to go topside. e
Toxic. Poisonous (as carbon monoxide).
Transom. A * ide., flattened, or sligttly
cun'ed s rern.
Transverse. Across the vessel; athwanships.
Trim. .A, term used to describe rhe rvay avessel
rides in the water. A change in rim is
detined as a change inrthe difterence be-
tween the forward and aft dratis. Ifa vessel
is trimmed lr'ith the stern [orver. it is
"rimmed by the stern".
Tumble Home. The shape of tire hull as it
moves outboard going down from the gun-
wale to the waterline; the opposite of flare.
Watch. A duty period at sea, normally 4 houn.
Here tre a day's watches:
First watch 2000 - 2400 (8 pm - midnigh|
Midwarch 0000.0400 (midnight - 4 am)
Morning watch 0400 - 0800 (a - 8 am)
- Forenoonwatcft 0800 - 1200 (8 am - noon)
Afterngonwatch 1200 - 1600 (noon - 4 pm)
First dogwatch 1600 - 1800 (a - 6 pm)
Second dogwatch 1800 - 2000 (6 - 8 pm)
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