B+K precision 4014B User manual

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Model: 4014B, 4040B
DDS Function Generator
USER MANUAL

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Safety Summary
The following safety precautions apply to both operating and maintenance personnel and must be
observed during all phases of operation, service, and repair of this instrument. Before applying
power, follow the installation instructions and become familiar with the operating instructions for this
instrument.
If this device is damaged or something is missing, contact the place of purchase immediately.
This manual contains information and warnings that must be followed to ensure safe operation as
well as maintain the meter in a safe condition.
GROUND THE INSTRUMENT
To minimize shock hazard, the instrument chassis and cabinet must be connected to an electrical
ground. This instrument is grounded through the ground conductor of the supplied, three-conductor
ac power cable. The power cable must be plugged into an approved three-conductor electrical
outlet. Do not alter the ground connection. Without the protective ground connection, all accessible
conductive parts (including control knobs) can render an electric shock. The power jack and mating
plug of the power cable must meet IEC safety standards.
DO NOT OPERATE IN AN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE
Do not operate the instrument in the presence of flammable gases or fumes. Operation of any
electrical instrument in such an environment constitutes a definite safety hazard.
KEEP AWAY FROM LIVE CIRCUITS
Instrument covers must not be removed by operating personnel. Component replacement and
internal adjustments must be made by qualified maintenance personnel. Disconnect the power
cord before removing the instrument covers and replacing components. Under certain conditions,
even with the power cable removed, dangerous voltages may exist. To avoid injuries, always
disconnect power and discharge circuits before touching them.
DO NOT SERVICE OR ADJUST ALONE
Do not attempt any internal service or adjustment unless another person, capable of rendering first
aid and resuscitation, is present.
DO NOT SUBSTITUTE PARTS OR MODIFY THE INSTRUMENT
Do not install substitute parts or perform any unauthorized modifications to this instrument. Return
the instrument to B&K Precision for service and repair to ensure that safety features are maintained.
WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS
WARNING and CAUTION statements, such as the following examples, denote a hazard and
appear throughout this manual. Follow all instructions contained in these statements.
A WARNING statement calls attention to an operating procedure, practice, or condition, which, if
not followed correctly, could result in injury or death to personnel.
A CAUTION statement calls attention to an operating procedure, practice, or condition, which, if not
followed correctly, could result in damage to or destruction of part or all of the product.
WARNING:
Do not alter the ground connection. Without the protective
ground connection, all accessible
conductive parts (including control knobs) can render an electric shock. The power jack and mating
plug of the power cable meet IEC safety standards.
WARNING:
To avoid electrical shock hazard, disconnect power cord before removing covers. Refer servicing to
qualified personnel.
CAUTION:
Before connecting the line cord to the AC mains, check the rear panel AC line voltage indicator.
Applying a line voltage other than the indicated voltage can destroy the AC line fuses. For continued
fire protection, replace fuses only with those of the specified voltage and current ratings.

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CAUTION:
This product uses components which can be damaged by electro
-
static discharge (ESD). To avoid
damage, be sure to follow proper procedures for handling, storing and transporting parts and
subassemblies which contain ESD
-sensitive components.
Compliance Statements
Disposal of Old Electrical & Electronic Equipment (Applicable in the European
Union and other European countries with separate collection systems)
This product is subject to Directive 2002/96/EC of the
European
Parliament and the Council of the European Union on
waste
electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) , and in
jurisdictions
adopting that Directive, is marked as being put on the
market after August 13, 2005, and should not be
disposed of as unsorted
municipal waste. Please utilize your local WEEE
collection
facilities in the disposition of this product and
otherwise observe all applicable requirements.
Safety Symbols
Refer to the user manual for warning information to
avoid hazard or personal injury and prevent
damage to instrument.
Chassis (earth ground) symbol.
On (Power). This is the In position of the power
switch when instrument is ON.
Off (Power). This is the Out position of the power
switch when instrument is OFF.
On (Supply). This is the AC mains
connect/disconnect switch at the back of the
instrument.
Off (Supply). This is the AC mains
connect/disconnect switch at the back of the
instrument.

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CE Declaration of Conformity
The function generators meet the requirements of 2006/95/EC Low Voltage Directive and
2004/108/EC Electromagnet Compatibility Directive with the following standards.
Low Voltage Directive
-EN61010
Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control,
and laboratory use.
EMC Directive
-EN55011
For radiated and conducted emissions.
-EN55082
Electrical discharge immunity

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1INTRODUCTION..................................................................7
1.1 Introduction.............................................................................................7
1.2 Description .............................................................................................7
1.3 Specifications .........................................................................................7
2INSTALLATION.................................................................10
2.1 Introduction...........................................................................................10
2.2 Package Contents................................................................................ 10
2.4 Instrument Mounting.............................................................................10
2.5 Power Requirements............................................................................ 10
2.6 Fuse Replacement................................................................................11
2.7 Grounding Requirements...................................................................... 11
2.8 Signal Connections...............................................................................11
3OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS..........................................12
3.1 General Description..............................................................................12
3.2 Display Window....................................................................................13
3.3 Front Panel Controls............................................................................. 13
3.4 Connectors...........................................................................................13
3.5 Output Connections..............................................................................14
3.6 MENU Keys..........................................................................................14
3.6.1 WAVEFORM Key...................................................................................14
3.6.2 MODE Key.............................................................................................16
3.6.3 UTILITY Key...........................................................................................18
3.6.4 SWEEP Key...........................................................................................19
3.6.5 MODULATION Key................................................................................20
3.7 ON Key................................................................................................. 22
3.8 Cursor Keys.......................................................................................... 22
3.9 Rotary Input Knob................................................................................. 22
3.10 Power-On Settings..............................................................................22
3.11 Memory ..............................................................................................23
3.12 Displaying Errors ................................................................................ 23
3.13 Quick Start.......................................................................................... 23
3.13.1 Selecting a Standard Waveform..........................................................23
3.13.2 Setting the Output...............................................................................24

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3.13.3 Using Voltage Offset........................................................................... 24
3.13.4 Storing and Recalling a Waveform Generator Setup.......................... 24
4PROGRAMMING .............................................................. 26
4.1 Overview..............................................................................................26
4.1.1 Connecting to USB (Virtual COM) Interface .......................................... 26
4.1.2 USB (Virtual COM) Settings .................................................................. 31
4.2 Device States.......................................................................................31
4.2.1 Local State (LOCS)................................................................................ 31
4.2.2 Remote State (REMS)........................................................................... 31
4.3 Message Exchange Protocol ...............................................................31
4.3.1 The Input Buffer..................................................................................... 31
4.3.2 The Output Queue................................................................................. 31
4.3.3 Response Messages............................................................................. 32
4.4 Instrument Identification.......................................................................32
4.5 Instrument Reset .................................................................................32
4.6 Command Syntax...............................................................................32
4.6.1 General Command Structure................................................................. 32
4.7 Status Reporting..................................................................................35
4.7.1 The Error Queue..................................................................................... 35
4.7.2 Error Codes........................................................................................... 35
4.8 COMMON COMMANDS......................................................................38
4.8.1 System Data Commands....................................................................... 38
4.8.2 Internal Operation Commands............................................................... 38
4.8.3 Device Trigger Commands.................................................................... 38
4.8.4 Stored Settings Commands................................................................... 39
4.9 INSTRUMENT CONTROL COMMANDS.............................................39
4.9.1 Default Subsystem................................................................................. 40

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1 Introduction
1.1 Introduction
This manual contains information required to operate the B&K Precision model 4014B and
4040B DDS Function Generators. This section covers the instrument’s general description,
specifications and characteristics.
1.2 Description
The 4014B and 4040B are versatile high performance function generators. Implemented
using a DDS (direct digital synthesis) architecture, these instruments generate stable and
precise sine, square, and triangle waveforms. Both models also provide linear and logarithmic
sweep for users needing sweep capability. An auxiliary TTL output at the generator’s
frequency is available to synchronize external devices. The instrument can also be remotely
operated via the USB interface and is SCPI compatible.
1.3 Specifications
Model
4014B
4040B
Frequency Characteristics
Sine
0.01 Hz – 12 MHz
0.01 Hz – 20 MHz
Square
0.01 Hz – 12 MHz
0.01 Hz – 20 MHz
Triangle
0.01 Hz – 1 MHz
0.01 Hz – 2 MHz
Accuracy
0.01% + 0.006 Hz
Resolution
*6 digits or 10 mHz
Output Characteristics
Amplitude Range
10 mV
p-p
to 10 V
p-p
(into 50 Ω)
20 mVp-p to 20 Vp-p (open circuit)
Resolution
3 digits (1000 counts)
Amplitude Accuracy
± 2 % ± 20 mV of programmed output from 1.01 V – 10 V
Flatness
± 0.5 dB to 1 MHz
± 1 dB to 12 MHz
± 0.5 dB to 1 MHz
± 1 dB to 20 MHz
Offset Range
- 4.99 V to 4.99 V (into 50 Ω)
Offset Resolution
10 mV, 3 digits
Offset Accuracy
± 2 % ± 10 mV (into 50 Ω)
Output Impedance
50 Ω ± 2 %
Output Protection
Protected against short circuit or accidental voltage practically
available in electronic laboratories, applied to the main output
connector
Waveform Characteristics

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**Harmonic Distortion
0 – 1 MHz, < - 60 dBc
1 MHz – 5 MHz, < -50 dBc
5 MHz – 12 MHz , < -45 dBc
0 – 1 MHz, < - 60 dBc
1 MHz – 5 MHz, < -50 dBc
5 MHz – 12 MHz , < -45 dBc
12 MHz – 20 MHz, < -60 dBc
Square Rise/Fall Time
< 20 ns (10% to 90% at full amplitude into 50 Ω)
Variable Duty Cycle
Square: 20% to 80 %, up to 2 MHz
Triangle: 1 % to 99 % in 1% steps, up to 200 kHz
Symmetry Accuracy at 50%
± 1 %
Operating Modes
Continuous
Output continuous at programmed parameters
Triggered
Output quiescent until triggered by an internal or external
trigger, at which time one waveform cycle is generated to
programmed parameters. Frequency of waveform cycle is
limited to 1 MHz.
Gate
-
Same as triggered mode,
except waveform is executed
for the duration of the gate
signal. The last cycle started
is completed.
Burst
-
2 – 65535 cycles
Trigger Source
Trigger source may be internal, external, or manual. Internal
trigger rate 0.1 Hz – 1 MHz (1μs – 10 s)
Modulation Characteristics
Amplitude Modulation
Internal
0.1 Hz – 20 kHz sine only
0.1 Hz – 20 kHz sine, square,
or triangle waveform
External
5 Vp-p for 100% modulation, 10 kΩ input impedance
Frequency Modulation
Internal
0.1 Hz – 20 kHz sine only
0.1 Hz – 20 kHz sine, square,
or triangle waveform
External
5 Vp-p for 100% modulation, 10 kΩ input impedance
Sweep Characteristics
Sweep Shape
Linear or Logarithmic, up or down
Sweep Time
10 ms to 100 s
Input and Output
Trigger IN
TTL compatible
Maximum rate 1 MHz
Minimum width > 50 ns
Input impedance 1 kΩ
Sync OUT
TTL pulse at programmed frequency
50 Ω source impedance
Modulation IN
5 V
p-p
for 100% modulation
10 kΩ input impedance
DC to > 20 kHz minimum bandwidth
Counter Characteristics
Range
50 Hz to 50 MHz

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Resolution
Auto ranging, up to 8 digits
Accuracy
± 0.02 % ± 2 digits
Sensitivity
25 mVrms typical
General
Memory Storage
Store up to 10 instrument
settings
Store up to 20 instrument
settings
Power Requirements
100 V – 240 V AC ± 10% (90 V – 264 VAC)
Max. Power Consumption
< 25 VA
< 30 VA
Operating Temperature
0 °C – 50 °C
Storage Temperature
-10 °C – 70 °C
Humidity
95% RH, 0 °C – 30 °C
Dimensions
213 mm x 88 mm x 210 mm (WxHxD)
Weight
Approx. 2.5 kg
Safety Standards
EN55011 for radiated and conducted emissions
EN55082
EN61010
*For square wave, resolution is up to 4 digits when frequency is > 20 kHz.
**For sine wave at 5 Vp-p into 50 Ω.
Note: All specifications apply to the unit after a temperature stabilization time of 15 minutes
over an ambient temperature range of 23 °C ± 5 °C. Specifications are subject to change
without notice.
To ensure the most current version of this manual, please download the latest version here:
http://www.bkprecision.com/search/4040B
For current up-to-date product information, please visit www.bkprecision.com

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2 Installation
2.1 Introduction
This section contains installation information, power requirements, initial inspection and signal
connections for the 4014B and 4040B signal generators.
2.2 Package Contents
Please inspect the instrument mechanically and electrically upon receiving it. Unpack all items
from the shipping carton, and check for any obvious signs of physical damage that may have
occurred during transportation. Report any damage to the shipping agent immediately. Save
the original packing carton for possible future reshipment. Every generator is shipped with the
following contents:
•4014B or 4040B DDS function generator
•AC Power Cord
•USB (type A to B) interface cable
•Manual contained on CD
•Certificate of Calibration
Verify that all items above are included in the shipping container. If anything is missing,
please contact B&K Precision.
2.4 Instrument Mounting
The 4014B and 4040B Function Generators are intended for bench use. The instrument
includes a front feet tilt mechanism for optimum panel viewing angle. The instrument does not
require special cooling when operated within conventional temperature limits. It may be
installed in a closed rack or test station if proper air flow can assure removing about 15 W of
power dissipation.
2.5 Power Requirements
The function generators can be operated from any source of 90V to 264V AC, frequency from
48Hz to 66Hz. The maximum power consumption is 25 VA(4014B)/30VA(4040B). Use a slow
blow fuse of 1A, UL/CSA approved as indicated on the rear panel of the instrument.
The instrument power fuse is located in the AC input plug. To access the fuse, first

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disconnect the power cord and then remove the fuse box.
2.6 Fuse Replacement
There is a 1A, 250V rated slow blow fuse at the AC input. Should the fuse ever get blown,
follow the steps below to replace:
1. Locate the fuse box next to the AC input connector in the rear panel.
2. With a small flat blade screwdriver, insert into the fuse box slit to pull and slide out the fuse box
as indicated below.
3. Check and replace fuse if necessary.
2.7 Grounding Requirements
For the safety of operating personnel, the instrument must be grounded. The central pin on
the AC plug grounds the instrument when properly connected to the ground wire and plugged
into proper receptacle.
WARNING
TO AVOID PERSONAL INJURY DUE TO SHOCK, THE THIRD WIRE EARTH
GROUND MUST BE CONTINUOUS TO THE POWER OUTLET. BEFORE
CONNECTION TO THE POWER OUTLET, EXAMINE ALL CABLES AND
CONNECTIONS BETWEEN THE UNIT AND THE FACILITY POWER FOR A
CONTINUOUS EARTH GROUND PATH.
THE POWER CABLE MUST MEET IEC SAFETY STANDARDS.
2.8 Signal Connections
Use RG58U 50Ωor equivalent coaxial cables for all input and output signals to and from the
instrument.
Fuse box slit
Fuse box
Check/Remove Fuse

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3 Operating Instructions
3.1 General Description
This section describes the displays, controls and connectors of the function generator.
All controls for the instrument local operation are located on the front panel.
1 Power Button Power ON/OFF unit
2 LCD Display Displays all instrument data and settings
3 Function Keys F1 – F4 function keys to select menu options
4 Waveform Buttons Select Sine, Ramp/Triangle, Square waveform shape
5 Numeric Keypad Enter numeric values for parameters
6 Units Keys Select unit of frequency, time, or voltage
7 Rotary Knob Increment/decrement numerical values or menu selections
8 Cursor Keys Move cursor (when visible) left or right
9 Enter Key Confirm parameter entries
10 Output ON/OFF Enable/Disable Output
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9
8
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

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11 Output BNC Main output
12 SYNC OUT BNC Sync output
13 UTIL Button Utility menu
14
MODUL Button
Selects Modulation menu
15
SWEEP Button
Selects Sweep function menu
16 MODE Button Selects Trigger mode menu
3.2 Display Window
The function generator has a color LCD display that can display up to 400 x 240 dots. When powering on
the unit, sine waveform is selected and current settings will appear in the display. The bottom of the display
shows a menu (selectable with function keys) that corresponds to the function, parameter, or mode display
selected.
3.3 Front Panel Controls
The front-panel controls select, display, and change parameter, function, and mode settings.
Use the numerical keypad, rotary input knob and the cursor movement keys to enter data into the
waveform generator.
To change a setting:
1.Press the key that leads to the item to change.
2. Move cursor using cursor keys to the appropriate position in the numeric field (if applicable).
3. Use the rotary input or the numerical keyboard to change the value of the displayed item. Changes take
effect immediately.
3.4 Connectors
The function generator has two BNC connectors on the front panel where you can connect coaxial cables.
These coaxial cables serve as carrier lines for output signals delivered from the function generator.
Output Connector
Use this connector to transfer the main output signal from the function generator.
Trig In Connector
Use this connector to apply an external trigger or gate signal, depending on the waveform generator
setting, to the generator. When the built-in frequency counter is enabled, this connector becomes an input
for the counter.
Sync Out Connector
Use this connector to output a positive TTL sync pulse generated at each waveform cycle.

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Modulation In Connector
5V p-p signal for 100% modulation, 10Kohms input impedance with DC - >20 KHz bandwidth.
3.5 Output Connections
The waveform generator output circuits operate as a 50 Ωvoltage source working into a 50 Ω
load. At higher frequencies, non terminated or improperly terminated output causes
aberrations on the output waveform. In addition, loads less than 50 Ωreduce the waveform
amplitude, while loads more than 50 Ωincrease waveform amplitude.
Excessive distortion or aberrations caused by improper termination are less noticeable at
lower frequencies, especially with sine and triangle waveforms. To ensure waveform integrity,
follow these precautions:
1. Use good quality 50 Ωcoaxial cable and connectors.
2. Make all connections tight and as short as possible.
3. Use good quality attenuators if it is necessary to reduce waveform amplitudes applied to
sensitive circuits.
4. Use termination or impedance-matching devices to avoid reflections.
5. Ensure that attenuators and terminations have adequate power handling capabilities.
If there is a DC voltage across the output load, use a coupling capacitor in series with the
load. The time constant of the coupling capacitor and load must be long enough to maintain
pulse flatness.
Impedance Matching
If the waveform generator is driving a high impedance, such as a 1 MΩinput impedance
(paralleled by a stated capacitance) of an oscilloscope vertical input, connect the transmission
line to a 50 Ωattenuator, a 50 Ωtermination and to the oscilloscope input. The attenuator
isolates the input capacitance of the device and terminates the waveform generator properly.
3.6 MENU Keys
These keys select the main menus for displaying or changing a parameter, function, or mode.
3.6.1 WAVEFORM Keys
These keys select the waveform output and display the waveform parameter menu
(frequency, amplitude and offset).

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Sine Menu
F1: Frequency – Selects and displays the frequency. Change the frequency setting using the
cursor keys, rotary knob, or numerical keys.
F2: Amplitude – Selects and displays the amplitude. Change the amplitude setting using the
cursor keys, rotary knob, or numerical keys.
F3: Offset – Selects and displays the offset parameter. Change the offset by using the cursor
keys, rotary knob, or numerical keys. If a certain setting cannot be produced, the waveform
generator will display a “Setting Conflict” message.
Amplitude and offset settings interact and are bound by hardware restrictions. To obtain the
desired waveform, the amplitude and offset must satisfy the following formula:
(Vp-p)/2 + |offset| <= 5 volts
F4: Symmetry – When the Square or Triangle waveforms are selected, the SYMMETRY
(duty cycle) parameter is available. Change the symmetry (Triangle) or duty cycle (Square) by
using the cursor keys, rotary knob, or numerical keys. If a certain setting cannot be produced,
the waveform generator will display a warning message.

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Square Menu
3.6.2 MODE Key
Selects the output mode: CONT (Continuous), TRIG (Triggered), GATE (Gated), and BRST
(Burst).
To select the output mode, press MODE, then press the function key that corresponds to the
desired Mode menu option, as shown:
Mode Menu
F1: Continuous – Selects continuous output.
F2: Triggered – Triggers one output cycle of the selected waveform for each trigger event.
F3: Gated – Triggers output cycles as long as the trigger source asserts the gate signal.
F4: Burst – Triggers ‘N’ number of output cycles for each trigger event, where N ranges from
2 to 65,535.

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Note: Gate and Burst modes are not available on 4014B.
After selecting the TRIGGERED, GATED, or BURST menu, the trigger source menu is
available:
Trigger Menu
F1: Manual – Selects manual as the trigger source. To trigger the waveform generator,
press this MANUAL trigger button again.
F2: Internal – Selects the internal trigger generator as the trigger source. Change the
internal trigger rate displayed with the rotary input knob.
F3: External – Selects the external trigger signal as the trigger source. The trigger source
is supplied through the TRIG IN connector.
In BURST MODE, the F4 key displays N-Burst, representing the number of burst cycles to
output with each trigger. The Nvalue can be changed from 2 to 65,535.

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Burst Menu
3.6.3 UTILITY Key
Utility Menu
F1: Recall – Recalls a previously stored front-panel setup from the selected buffer. Change
the buffer number by using the rotary input knob. Valid storage buffer numbers are from:
4014B: 1 to 9
4040B: 1 to 19
Buffer 0 is the factory default setup.
F2: Store – Stores the current front-panel setup to the specified storage buffer. Change the
buffer number by using the data keys or the rotary input knob. Valid storage buffer numbers
range from:
4014B: 1 to 9
4040B: 1 to 19
F3: Out-On Def – Selects the OUTPUT state on power-up. Select ON to enable or OFF to
disable the output on power-up.
F4: COUNTER – Enables the built-in frequency counter. The frequency of the signal
connected to the TRIG IN connector will be displayed. The counter is auto ranging with up to
8 digits of resolution.

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Counter Screen
Press F1 - Off to turn off the counter.
3.6.4SWEEP Key
Selects the Sweep Mode and allows entering of sweep parameters: Sweep Start, Sweep
Stop, and Sweep Rate.
To select the sweep mode, press SWEEP, then press the function key that corresponds to
the desired Sweep menu option, as shown:
Sweep Menu
F1: Off – Disables the sweep function.
F2: Linear – Selects the Linear sweep shape.
F3: Logarithmic – Selects the Logarithmic sweep shape.
F4: Set – Defines the Sweep Start and Stop frequencies.

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Set Sweep Menu
3.6.5 MODULATION Key
Selects the AM or FM Modulation mode. To select the output mode, press MODUL key, then
press the function key that corresponds to the desired menu option, as shown:
Modulation Menu
Press F2 to select AM menu: